Ali Hassan Daghir Janabi
@vm.qu.edu.iq
Department of Microbiology
College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Al-Qadisiyah
EDUCATION
PhD in Microbial Biology, Rutgers University, USA
RESEARCH, TEACHING, or OTHER INTERESTS
Microbiology
Scopus Publications
Scholar Citations
Scholar h-index
Scholar i10-index
Scopus Publications
Mohammed Mahdi Yaseen, Azhar Chafat Karawan, Monyer Abdulameir Abd Alfatlawi, and Ali H.D. Janabi
Africa Health Research Organization
The present experimental work was generated to test the hypothesis that if there is a role of larval-related bacteria in protecting the host larvae from larvicides via bacterial-cytochrome-P450-based degradation. Here, a group of 50 larvae of Aedesalbopictus was subjected to temephos at 0.5 mg/land ketoconazole, an inhibitor of the bacterial cytochrome P450, at200mg/50 liter(TKG), 50 larvae received ketoconazole only at 200mg/50 liter (KG), and 50 larvae that played as a control group (CG) were only subjected to the larvicide. The grouping was made in a triplicate for each group.The larvae were monitored for livability every day until the end of the experiment that lasted for 2 days.The results indicated 88% and 100% mortalities in the TKG larvae in the first and the second day respectively of the experiment. However, partial deaths were seen in the CG larvae as 30 (60%) and 20 (100%) at day 1 and 2 respectively. Moreover, 10%of the larvae died in the KG when ketoconazole was used. TKG revealed significant (p<0.05) increases in the mortalities more than that in the CG and the KG. Day 2 of the experiment showed 100% mortalities in both TKG and CG larvae.This experiment provides valuable information that larvalJanabi et al (2020): Bacterial cytochrome-P450 of mosquito January 2020 Vol. 23 (I) ©Annals of Tropical Medicine & Public Health S412 related bacteria act as potential protectors against the killing activities of larvicides via the degradation activity of the bacterial cytochrome P450.
Salah Karim, Khalefa Mansour, Ali Janabi, and Nawras Al-Nakeeb
University of Mosul
This study was initiated for the first time for identification, using sequencing and phylogenetic analyses, of pseudocowpox PCPV that inhabit dairy cows in Al-Qadisiyah province, Iraq. Scab sampling was performed to obtain specimens from udder and teats of 18 affected cows. Initially, a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method was followed to target a 408-bp piece of the GM_CSF/IL-2 inhibition factor gene (GIF) that belongs to PCPV. Then, the PCR products were sent out to partial sequencing of the GIF gene. The results of the PCR have indicated the presence of the virus in only 3 out of 18 samples. When the sequences were studied using phylogeny, the results have revealed that one of our PCPV strains has a close matching with some of the world strains such as from New Zealand. While two of the current study strains have clustered together with a strain from Finland. The results of our study confirm the presence of the PCPV in dairy cows that induces milker’s nodules.
A.H.D. Janabi, A.S. Biddle, D.J. Klein, and K.H. McKeever
Brill
While exercise has been found to change the faecal microbiome (FM) in laboratory animals exposed over weeks, no studies have identified immediate changes in the FM associated with short spans of intense exercise, ~5 min. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that acute intense exercise would alter the FM in horses. Each horse performed two rounds of testing undergoing both a graded exercise test (GXT) and a parallel standing control (SC) trial before (GXT1 and SC1) and after (GXT2 and SC2) 12 weeks of exercise training. Rectal faecal samples were taken 24 h before and after testing. Bacterial community analysis was done by sequencing the 16s rRNA (V3-V4) region via Illumina Miseq. The relative abundance of the genus Clostridium significantly decreased in SC1 (P<0.05), with a concurrent decrease in the Shannon diversity index at the species level (P<0.05). At both the genus and species levels the principle coordinate analysis (PCoA) showed significant separation when the samples collected before SC1 were compared to those collected after SC1 (P<0.05). Interestingly, we found that Fusicatenibacter saccharivorans, a bacteria found to be decreased in ulcerative colitis patients, and Treponema zioleckii, a bacteria found to degrade fructan in sheep rumen, were significantly decreased when the samples collected before SC1 were compared to those collected after SC1 (P<0.05). None of the changes observed in SC1 happened in SC2 (P>0.05). Our results indicate that very intense acute exercise does not alter the faecal microbiome of the Standardbred race horse and that 12 weeks of exercise training does not alter that response.
Ali H.D. Janabi, Lee J. Kerkhof, Lora R. McGuinness, Amy S. Biddle, and Kenneth H. McKeever
Elsevier BV
A.H.D. Janabi, A.S. Biddle, D. Klein, and K.H. McKeever
Brill
Exercise has a significant effect on different physiological systems in the body of human and animals. Only limited numbers of published studies in laboratory animals or humans have shown the effect of exercise on the gut microbiota, and no studies have shown this effect in horses. In this study, 8 horses (4 mares, 4 geldings) were exercise trained for 12 weeks, and 4 additional mares were used as a parallel seasonal control. To identify bacterial community changes over time for both groups, rectal faecal samples were collected, DNA was extracted, and the 16S rRNA gene (V3-V4) was sequenced using the Illumina Miseq platform. One-way ANOVA, Shannon diversity index, and Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCoA) were used to identify differences between and among samples. The exercise training group showed significant changes in the levels of Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, and Spirochaetes phyla (P<0.05), while there were no changes in the gut microbiota of the seasonal control group through the three months of the study (P>0.05). Moreover, with training two genera significantly changed in their relative abundance over time, namely Clostridium and Dysgonomonas (P<0.05). Dysgonomonas spp. was significantly changed in abundance during the exercise training period (P<0.05). Also Treponema spp. showed significant changes during the exercise training period (P<0.05). Shannon diversity index was decreased (P<0.05) in the exercise group at the beginning of the study, but then returned to pre-training levels. PCoA showed significant separation between time points of the exercise training group as far as the levels of genera and species (P<0.05) represented. Our results show that exercise training influences the gut microbiota, especially at the beginning of training.