Analysis of The Influence of Pyrolysis Temperature and Biomass Weight on The Yield and Quality of Bio-Oil from Rice Husk Adi Syuriadi, Gun Gun Ramdlan Gunadi, Ahmad Maksum, Fadillah Ramadhan Journal of Physics Conference Series, 2026 Energy demand in Indonesia is increasing with the growing population, but it is not matched by adequate energy availability. The use of fossil energy causes negative impacts such as global warming and pollution. Therefore, environmentally friendly alternative energy sources are needed. Rice husk biomass, as one of the abundant renewable energy sources in Indonesia, has great potential as a raw material for alternative energy. This study aims to convert rice husk biomass into bio-oil using the pyrolysis method and analyze the resulting bio-oil. The methods used are experimental and comparative. At 500°C, the bio-oil yield is higher compared to 600°C for all biomass weights tested. The average yield at 500°C reached 34.7% for 500 grams, 33.5% for 1000 grams, and 32.7% for 1500 grams. At 600°C, the yield decreased to 31.3% for 500 grams, 32.3% for 1000 grams, and 30.9% for 1500 grams. This decrease indicates that higher temperatures reduce the efficiency of bio-oil production due to secondary reactions such as thermal cracking. The density and viscosity of bio-oil also decreased with increasing pyrolysis temperature. The density at 500°C was 1.389 g/ml, while at 600°C it decreased to 1.334 g/ml. Viscosity dropped from 1.310 cP to 1.229 cP, indicating that the bio-oil became more fluid at higher temperatures.
Novel method for minimizing reactant in the synthesis of sodium silicate solution from mixed-phase quartz-amorphous SIO2 Eni Febriana, Wahyu Mayangsari, Sigit Dwi Yudanto, Eko Sulistiyono, Murni Handayani, Florentinus Firdiyono, Ahmad Maksum, Agus Budi Prasetyo, J.W. Soedarsono Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering, 2024 In this research, sodium silicate solution was synthesized by reacting silica from inorganic materials with NaOH. The determination of the amount of NaOH used in the reaction is calculated by considering the quantity of the crystalline (quartz) and amorphous phases of silica contained in the raw material used. Determination of the quantity of quartz and amorphous phases was carried out using a single peak method which is quite simple but is quite close to the actual quantity of the amorphous phase. In the hydrothermal system to synthesize sodium silicate solution from silica with a mixture of quartz and amorphous phases, an optimum dissolving effectiveness value of 98% can be achieved under dissolution conditions in an autoclave heated at a temperature of 250 °C for 6 hours with a silica:aquadest weight ratio of 1:5 and 1 stoichiometric NaOH added to the quartz phase plus 0.5 stoichiometric to the amorphous one. With this calculation method, saving of NaOH solvent can be made which are proportional to the quantity of the amorphous phase involved in the reaction. The amount of NaOH needed to make sodium silicate solution can be saved by a maximum value of 50% when using amorphous materials.
Exploration of rice husk ash as a green corrosion inhibitor immersed in NH4Cl 7.5 % solution Agus Paul Setiawan Kaban, Johny Wahyuadi Soedarsono, Mochammad Syaiful Anwar, Wahyu Mayangsari, Ahmad Maksum, Aga Ridhova, Rini Riastuti, Dedy Iskandar, Ayende Heliyon, 2024 The study reports the development of a liquid smoke solution of rice husk ash (RHA) as a green corrosion inhibitor in NH 4 Cl solution in approaching corrosion protection for refinery facilities. The recent utilization of RHA has a partial solution to address the possible chemical to form a filming layer to disconnect bare metal and their environment. This work prepared the RHA solution by condensing the RHA vapor before adding it to various concentrations. The corrosion test of potentiodynamic and electrochemicals intends to discover the inhibitor's corrosion resistance before examining the electronic transition corresponding to the contribution of several functional groups using Ultraviolet Visible (UV-Vis) and Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Surface evaluation intends to unveil the nature of the corrosion by utilizing the Scanning Electronic and Atomic Force Microscope. The corrosion test result shows the depression of corrosion rate to 0.120 mmpy with high efficiency beyond 96% in the addition of 7.5 ppm RHA inhibitor. The greater Nyquist semicircle diameter at high concentrations increases the adsorption of the RHA on the surface of C1018. The electronic transition of n–π* and π –π* shows an extensive contribution of C=C, C=O, and –OH based on the UV-Vis and FTIR test. The formation of a complex compound of Fe-(NH 4 Cl-RHA) n blocks the corrosion active sites to reduce the corrosion. This study paves the way for using RHA as an organic compound under NH 4 Cl conditions, such as in a refinery process facility.
Effect of microcarbon particle size and dispersion on the electrical conductivity of LLDPE-carbon composite A. Zuhri, A. E. Pramono, I. Setyadi, A. Maksum, N. Indayaningsih Journal of Applied Research and Technology, 2024 This experimental research aimed to develop a conductive polymer composite (CPC) material for electromechanical devices. The composite was made by incorporating conductive micro carbon derived from rice husks into a Linear Low-Density Polyethylene (LLDPE) polymer matrix using hot compaction. Variations of filler composition were used, with carbon loading of 50%, 45%, and 40%, and mesh sizes of #150, #200, and #250. The experimental results showed that particle size variations did not significantly affect composite density, but higher mesh selection improved filler dispersion within the matrix, resulting in higher electrical conductivity values. The optimal conductivity value of 9.43E-04 S/cm was achieved with a micro-carbon composition of 50% loading. However, decreasing micro carbon loading had a more significant impact on reducing electrical conductivity values.
Photocataylitic performance assessment of rGO-AgNPs nanocomposites using urea reductor for methyl orange dye degradation Nurhayati Indah Ciptasari, Murni Handayani, Afif Akmal Afkauni, Caesart Leonardo Kaharudin, Adhi Dwi Hatmanto, Ahmad Maksum, Rini Riastuti, Johny W. Soedarsono Aip Conference Proceedings, 2024 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Nurhayati Indah Ciptasari, Murni Handayani, Afif Akmal Afkauni, Caesart Leonardo Kaharudin, Adhi Dwi Hatmanto, Ahmad Maksum, Rini Riastuti, Johny W. Soedarsono; Photocataylitic performance assessment of rGO-AgNPs nanocomposites using urea reductor for methyl orange dye degradation. AIP Conf. Proc. 28 February 2024; 3003 (1): 020093. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0186402 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
Double acting liberation of Ni and Co in the pre-treatment process to increase recovery of nickel from low-grade nickel laterite Eni Febriana, Muhamad Irham Mulyadi, Wahyu Mayangsari, Januar Irawan, Iwan Setiawan, Ahmad Maksum, Florentinus Firdiyono, Soesaptri Oediyani, Agus Budi Prasetyo, Johny W. Soedarsono Journal of Sustainable Mining, 2024 This study highlights the effectiveness of employing double-acting liberation to release Ni and Co from the complex phases of the low-grade nickel laterite. It includes the addition of concentrated sulphuric acid and NaF as well as the heat treatment prior to roasting and leaching processes to improve the destruction of the complex phases contained. The finding describes that dehydration of iron sulfate and decomposition of the lizardite at a lower temperature, 270°C, were occurred in the pre-treatment process, followed by hematite formation in the roasting process. It subsequently accelerated Ni and Co extraction in the pregnant solution and omitted Fe as the water-insoluble hematite in the residue when the leaching process was employed. The optimum leaching percentages of nickel and cobalt are 71.3% and 98.8%, serially, and were obtained at a roasting temperature of 700°C for 30 minutes with the addition of 3 wt.% sodium fluoride. This research provides essential contributions to the optimization of decomposition process for complex phases of in the low-grade nickel laterite at a lower temperature and to upsurge leaching percentage of Ni and Co by strictly suppressing Fe dissolution.
THE EFFECT OF MIXING METHODS BEFORE THE DECOMPOSITION PROCESS OF FERRONICKEL SLAG Wahyu Mayangsari, Agus Budi Prasetyo, Eni Febriana, Ahmad Maksum, Rudi Subagja, F Firdiyono, Johny Wahyuadi Soedarsono Acta Metallurgica Slovaca, 2023 Ferronickel slag is a by-product that was obtained from ferronickel production and contains Si and Mg as the main elements. Decomposition process using alkali could decrease energy consumption to process ferronickel slag by decreasing its melting point. The mixing methods prior to the decomposition process could significantly affect interaction between reactants over the process, therefore it is essential to study. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of mixing methods of ferronickel slag and NaOH prior decomposition process on the chemical composition, phase, and microstructure of decomposed ferronickel slag. Two different mixing methods, physical mixing, and impregnation, followed by roasting process at 350 ℃ for 60 minutes were performed, characterized, and analyzed. Thermodynamic analysis was calculated and shows having a good agreement with the characterization results which formation of sodium silicate, magnesium hydroxide and iron oxide were identified. Distribution of product layer of RI can be determined, while spotty decomposition was clearly identified. The effectiveness of impregnation over physical mixing was investigated.
Pyro-Hydrometallurgy Routes to Recover Silica from Indonesian Ferronickel Slag Reza M. Ulum, Natalin, Rini Riastuti, Wahyu Mayangsari, Agus B. Prasetyo, Johny W. Soedarsono, Ahmad Maksum Recycling, 2023 Ferronickel slag is a by-product of nickel smelting that provides an abundant silica source. Based on data, every ton of nickel production is equal to eight tons of ferronickel slag production, increasing without any recycling process. It is essential to create an end-to-end process for nickel production and its by-products because this would be a problem in the future and is relevant for many industrialized countries. This study describes a strategy to process ferronickel slag to produce silica. A pyrometallurgy–hydrometallurgy process and ferronickel slag were used to increase the silica content. The process was conducted through alkali fusion; the ferronickel slag was mixed with sodium carbonate at a temperature of 1000 °C for an hour and continued via leaching, precipitation, and cleaning processes. The leaching process was conducted with four concentrations (4 M, 6 M, 8 M, and 10 M) of sodium hydroxide and three different leaching durations (2 h, 4 h, and 6 h). Using hydrochloric acid (HCl) at pH 2 and deionized (DI) water cleaning, the precipitation process was adopted to synthesize a silica powder with the lowest agglomeration and enhance its purity. Characterization was carried out using X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy–Energy-Dispersive Emission (SEM-EDS), X-ray Fluorescence (XRF), and Inductively Coupled Plasma–Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES). This study highlighted silica characteristics that indicate high recovery by 85% through alkali fusion, HCl leaching, precipitation, and deionized water cleaning.
Reverse leaching of magnesium from ferronickel slag using alkali solvent naoh Agus Budi Prasetyo, Rahadian Darmawansyah, Wahyu Mayangsari, Eni Febriana, Sulaksana Permana, Ahmad Maksum, Soesaptri Oediyani, Florentinus Firdiyono, Johny Wahyuadi Soedarsono Eastern European Journal of Enterprise Technologies, 2020