Effect of using curing light manufacturer-recommended exposure times on the microhardness of resin composites Jaccare T. Jauregui-Ulloa, Brooklyn N. Luke, Aditya Kunapareddy, Jason A. Griggs, Richard B. Price, Susana M. Salazar Marocho Journal of Dentistry, 2025 • LCU manufacturers’ exposure time guidelines do not ensure uniform hardness across the RBC • A wider LCU emission spectrum enhances RBC hardness, depending on photoinitiator type • PinkWave exhibited the highest microhardness for camphorquinone-initiated RBC • Microhardness declines with greater thickness in light-cured conventional RBCs Objectives: This study evaluated the effect of the light curing unit (LCU), light curing technique (LCT), and insertion technique (CIT) of resin-based composite (RBC) on the microhardness at various depths of RBC specimens. Methods: A mesio-occlusal-distal (MOD) mold was used to make samples of conventional RBC (n=3/group) using either an incremental (I) or a bulk-fill (BF) technique. The RBC was photocured using one of three different LCUs (Bluephase Style 20i for 15 s (I) and 10 s (BF), Monet laser for 1 s (I) and 3 s (BF), and Pinkwave for 10 s (I) and 20 s (BF). The LCUs were positioned either only over the center of the mold, or at three sites (side-center-side). The Vickers microhardness was measured at different distances from the top of the sample. Four-way ANOVA and Pareto chart analysis were performed (α=0.05). Results: All the experimental factors were significant (p≤0.05). The Pinkwave produced the highest microhardness, followed by the Bluephase and Monet. Light exposure from the three sites produced higher microhardness than light exposure only at the center of the mold. The incremental technique resulted in higher microhardness than the bulk-fill technique. The depth of the RBC negatively affected the microhardness. Conclusion: RBC microhardness varied depending on the type of LCU used. The Pinkwave delivered the most energy and produced the highest microhardness values. Clinical significance: To ensure uniform microhardness of the RBC, the tip of the LCU should cover all aspects of the restoration (occlusal, mesial, and distal surfaces).
Fractal analysis in different regions of a fracture surface in a dental glass-ceramic Kartikeya S. Jodha, Susana M. Salazar Marocho, John J. Mecholsky, Seth T. Lirette, Yuanyuan Duan, Jason A. Griggs Dental Materials, 2025 OBJECTIVES: Previous studies have reported the fractal dimension of dental ceramic fracture surfaces from mist and hackle regions. The aim of this study was to determine and compare the fractal dimensional increment between the mirror, mist, and hackle regions of lithium disilicate fracture surfaces. METHODS: Nine bar-shaped specimens were prepared from lithium disilicate glass-ceramic. One face of each specimen was indented using a Knoop diamond at 10 N followed by loading in 4-point flexure until failure at a loading rate of 12.6 MPa/s to avoid environmental slow crack growth. Fracture surfaces were replicated in epoxy, and an atomic force microscope (AFM) was used to scan the replicas. Noise in scans was reduced by Laplace transform filter. The FRACTALS software was used to determine the fractal dimensional increment (D*) by the Minkowski cover algorithm. RESULTS: Median D values (25 %, 75 % quartiles) from mirror, mist, and hackle regions were 2.14 (2.12, 2.14), 2.14 (2.12, 2.15), and 2.14 (2.12, 2.15), respectively. A multilevel mixed model with clustering on repeated measures showed that the fractal dimension between the mirror-mist (p = 0.51), mist-hackle (p = 0.90), and mirror-hackle (p = 0.43) regions are not significantly different. SIGNIFICANCE: Fractal dimension in mirror, mist, and hackle regions of the fracture surface were not significantly different in lithia disilicate glass-ceramics. Any portion of the primary fracture surface can be analyzed using fractal analysis to investigate the conditions present at the time of failure.
Thermal Dynamics of Laser-Irradiated Trilayer Bonded-Zirconia Structures Mitchell Tharp, Jaccare Jauregui-Ulloa, Grace Mendonça De Souza, Susana Salazar Marocho Journal of Functional Biomaterials, 2025 This study aims to assess the thermal dynamics of supporting structures during laser-assisted debonding of bonded yttrium-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) ceramic. We tested the hypothesis that the heat transfer to dentin analog material and composite resin resembles that of dentin. Thirty sintered YSZ (ZirCAD, Ivoclar, Schann, Liechtenstein) slabs (4 mm diameter, 1 mm thickness) were air particle abraded, followed by two coats of Monobond Plus (Ivoclar). The slabs were bonded to exposed occlusal dentin, NEMA G10 dentin analog, or composite resin cylinders using Multilink Automix (Ivoclar) dual-cured cement. The bonded YSZ specimens (n = 10/group) subjected to irradiation with an Er,Cr:YSGG laser (Waterlase MD, Biolase, Foothill Ranch, CA, USA) at 7.5 W, 25 Hz, with 50% water and air for 15 s. Heat transfer during laser irradiation was monitored with an infrared camera (Optris PI 640, Optris GmbH, Berlin, Germany) at 0.1-s intervals. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA, which showed no significant differences in mean temperature between zirconia and cement layers across the substrates (composite resin, G10, dentin) (p = 0.0794). These results suggest flexibility in substrate choice for future thermal dynamics studies under laser irradiation.
Effect of the CAD/CAM Milling Protocol on the Fracture Behavior of Zirconia Monolithic Crowns Andressa Restani Oliveira, Natalia Ulmi Ziglioli, Susana M. Salazar Marocho, Julian Satterthwaite, Marcia Borba Materials, 2024 Although advancements in CAD/CAM technology allow for more personalized treatments, it is not clear how modifications in the CAD/CAM milling process could affect the restoration surface conditions and their mechanical behavior. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different CAD/CAM milling protocols on the topography and fracture behavior of zirconia monolithic crowns (3Y-PSZ) subjected to a chewing simulation. Monolithic 3Y-PSZ premolar crowns were milled using three protocols (n = 13) (slow (S), normal (N), and fast (F)). Crowns were cemented on a dentin analog abutment and subjected to mechanical aging (200 N, 2 Hz, 1,500,000 cycles, 37 °C water). Surviving crowns were subjected to compressive load test and analyzed using fractography. Fracture load data were analyzed with two-parameter Weibull analysis. The surface topography of the crowns was examined with a stereomicroscope and a 3D non-contact profiler. All crowns survived the chewing simulation. Crowns milled using the F protocol had the greatest characteristic fracture load, while crowns produced with the S protocol showed high Weibull modulus. Groups N and S had a more uniform surface and detailed occlusal anatomy than group F. The CAD/CAM milling protocol affected the topography and mechanical behavior of 3Y-PSZ monolithic crowns.
In vivo evaluation of biocompatibility, degradability, and bone regenerative potential of collagen-elastin-like polypeptide-bioglass composite scaffolds Transactions of the Annual Meeting of the Society for Biomaterials and the Annual International Biomaterials Symposium, 2019
Dental fluorosis: Exposure, prevention and management Medicina Oral Patologia Oral Y Cirugia Bucal, 2009
Thermocycling effect on microhardness of laboratory composite resins Brazilian Journal of Oral Sciences, 2007
RECENT SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
Infrared Thermography of a Novel Binding Promoter Under Radiofrequency SS Marocho, A Kunapareddy, J Griggs, G Bishop, A Janorkar Dental Materials 42, S57 , 2026 2026
Effect of using curing light manufacturer-recommended exposure times on the microhardness of resin composites JT Jauregui-Ulloa, BN Luke, A Kunapareddy, JA Griggs, RB Price, ... Journal of Dentistry 160, 105870 , 2025 2025 Citations: 2
Ultra-translucent zirconia crowns with antimicrobial glass coatings: fatigue life and antagonist wear analysis AC da Silva, JFG Silva, TMB Campos, GP Thim, KS Jodha, SMS Marocho, ... Dental Materials , 2025 2025 Citations: 1
Fractal analysis in different regions of a fracture surface in a dental glass-ceramic KS Jodha, SMS Marocho, JJ Mecholsky Jr, ST Lirette, Y Duan, JA Griggs Dental Materials 41 (8), 1008-1013 , 2025 2025 Citations: 3
Is high-power laser irradiation a time efficient method to debond zirconia restorations? J Jauregui-Ulloa, A Kunapareddy, A Janorkar, J Griggs, M Roach, ... Dental Materials 41 (8), 947-954 , 2025 2025 Citations: 1
Thermal Dynamics of Laser-Irradiated Trilayer Bonded-Zirconia Structures M Tharp, J Jauregui-Ulloa, GM De Souza, S Salazar Marocho Journal of Functional Biomaterials 16 (4), 137 , 2025 2025
Screening dental implant design parameters for effect on the fatigue limit of reduced-diameter implants M Satpathy, M Loeb, RM Jose, MJ Sinclair, Y Duan, SMS Marocho, ... Dental Materials 41 (4), 444-450 , 2025 2025 Citations: 10
Comparing four different methods of measuring fracture toughness and its relationship with fractal dimension in a polycrystalline (3Y-TZP) dental ceramic KS Jodha, SMS Marocho, JJ Mecholsky Jr, ST Lirette, Y Duan, JA Griggs Dental Materials 41 (4), 425-431 , 2025 2025 Citations: 6
Unraveling the antimicrobial mechanisms and multifunctional performance of boron-doped glass coatings on dental zirconias AC da Silva, JFG Silva, C da Silva Rodrigues, EL de Sousa Santos, ... Ceramics International 51 (4), 4580-4592 , 2025 2025 Citations: 5
Reversible bonding promoter for zirconia structures–Pilot research SS Marocho, J Jauregui-Ulloa, B Luke, A Janorkar Dental Materials 41, e73 , 2025 2025
Antimicrobial glass for zirconia abutments: microbiological and pilot fatigue study AC SILVA, LM Alves, TM Campos, E Bonfante, J Griggs, SS Marocho, ... Dental Materials 41, e24 , 2025 2025
Topography of a Fractured Monolithic Zirconia Crown-A case report SA Kunapareddy, J Jauregui-Ulloa, F Mourad, SS Marocho Dental Materials 41, e45-e46 , 2025 2025
Compact Tension Testing: Optimizing Design & Load for Ceramics R Titus, KS Jodha, A Della Bona, P Benetti, SMS Marocho, Y Duan, ... Dental Materials 41, e50 , 2025 2025
Zirconia Crystals: A Superior Antimicrobial Effect Compared to Silver Glass AC Silva, J Silva, SMS Marocho, J Griggs, TM Campos, RM Marinho Dental Materials 41, e5 , 2025 2025
Fatigue lifetime of reduced-diameter implants placed in different bone models PHW Tretto, JA Griggs, KS Jodha, Y Duan, SMS Marocho, A Della Bona Dental Materials 40 (11), 1920-1926 , 2024 2024 Citations: 4
EFFECT OF LOW-POWER LASER IRRADIATION ON THE SHEAR BOND STRENGTH AND THERMAL CHANGES ACROSS DIFFERENT ZIRCONIA THICKNESSES USING DIFFERENT IRRADIATION TIMES. JT Jauregui-Ulloa, NW Hawkins, ST Lirette, TJ Ward, SMS Marocho International Journal of Prosthodontics 37 (5) , 2024 2024 Citations: 2
Influence of different surface finishing protocols on the wear behavior of lithium disilicate glass-ceramics KR Weber, M Satpathy, SS Marocho, JA Griggs, M Borba International Journal of Prosthodontics 2024 (3), 293-299 , 2024 2024 Citations: 4
Effect of the CAD/CAM milling protocol on the fracture behavior of zirconia monolithic crowns AR Oliveira, NU Ziglioli, SMS Marocho, J Satterthwaite, M Borba Materials 17 (12), 2981 , 2024 2024 Citations: 10
Fatigue behavior of multilayer ceramic structures in traditional and reverse layering designs LPC Contreras, CS Rodrigues, CP Zucuni, LF Valandro, SMS Marocho, ... Journal of Prosthodontics 33 (4), 389-395 , 2024 2024 Citations: 1
MOST CITED SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
Dental fluorosis: exposure, prevention and management JA Alvarez, KM Rezende, SM Marocho, FB Alves, P Celiberti, ... Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 14 (2), E103-7 , 2009 2009 Citations: 428
Repair bond strength of microhybrid, nanohybrid and nanofilled resin composites: effect of substrate resin type, surface conditioning and ageing M Özcan, PH Corazza, SMS Marocho, SH Barbosa, MA Bottino Clinical oral investigations 17 (7), 1751-1758 , 2013 2013 Citations: 122
Mechanical strength and subcritical crack growth under wet cyclic loading of glass-infiltrated dental ceramics SMS Marocho, AR Studart, MA Bottino, A Della Bona dental materials 26 (5), 483-490 , 2010 2010 Citations: 97
Bonding of Y-TZP to dentin: effects of Y-TZP surface conditioning, resin cement type, and aging MA Bottino, C Bergoli, EG Lima, SMS Marocho, RO Souza, LF Valandro Operative Dentistry 39 (3), 291-300 , 2014 2014 Citations: 69
Effect of resin cement type on the microtensile bond strength to lithium disilicate ceramic and dentin using different test assemblies SM Marocho, M Ozcan, R Amaral, MA Bottino, LF Valandro J Adhes Dent 15 (4), 361-8 , 2013 2013 Citations: 60
Flexural strength of glass‐infiltrated zirconia/alumina‐based ceramics and feldspathic veneering porcelains MA Bottino, SM Salazar‐Marocho, FPP Leite, VC Vasquez, LF Valandro Journal of Prosthodontics: Implant, Esthetic and Reconstructive Dentistry 18 … , 2009 2009 Citations: 58
Effect of disinfectant solutions on a denture base acrylic resin CF Carvalho, AD Vanderlei, SM Salazar Marocho, S Pereira, L Nogueira, ... Acta odontológica latinoamericana 25 (3), 255-260 , 2012 2012 Citations: 56
In vitro study of fracture load and fracture pattern of ceramic crowns: a finite element and fractography analysis RE Campos, CJ Soares, PS Quagliatto, PV Soares, OB de Oliveira, ... Journal of Prosthodontics: Implant, Esthetic and Reconstructive Dentistry 20 … , 2011 2011 Citations: 55
CAD/CAM versus 3D-printing/pressed lithium disilicate monolithic crowns: Adaptation and fatigue behavior R Ottoni, SMS Marocho, JA Griggs, M Borba Journal of dentistry 123, 104181 , 2022 2022 Citations: 49
Shear bond strength between metal alloy and a ceramic system, submitted to different thermocycling immersion times. MSM Salazar, SM Pereira, VVZ Ccahuana, SP Passos, AD Vanderlei, ... Acta Odontologica Latinoamericana: AOL 20 (2), 97-102 , 2007 2007 Citations: 33
Thermocycling effect on microhardness of laboratory composite resins SMB Pereira, AA Castilho, SM Salazar-Marocho, KMC Oliveira, ... 2007 Citations: 24
Carbon film coating of abutment surfaces: effect on the abutment screw removal torque PH Corazza, A de Moura Silva, JRC Queiroz, SMS Marocho, MA Bottino, ... Implant Dentistry 23 (4), 434-438 , 2014 2014 Citations: 22
Strength of a feldspar ceramic according to the thickness and polymerization mode of the resin cement coating SMS Marocho, LGS MACEDO, LF VALANDRO, MA BOTTINO Dental Materials Journal 30 (3), 323-329 , 2011 2011 Citations: 20
Effect of seating forces on cement–ceramic adhesion in microtensile bond tests SMS Marocho, M Özcan, R Amaral, LF Valandro, MA Bottino Clinical oral investigations 17 (1), 325-331 , 2013 2013 Citations: 19
Fractal analysis at varying locations of clinically failed zirconia dental implants KS Jodha, SMS Marocho, SS Scherrer, JA Griggs Dental Materials 36 (8), 1052-1058 , 2020 2020 Citations: 18
Evaluación de la alteración dimensional de modelos de yeso resultante de la desinfección de la impresión con alginato J Goncalves, JMFS Silva, AL Borges, SM Salazar Morocho, ES Uemura Acta odontol. venez , 2012 2012 Citations: 11
Screening dental implant design parameters for effect on the fatigue limit of reduced-diameter implants M Satpathy, M Loeb, RM Jose, MJ Sinclair, Y Duan, SMS Marocho, ... Dental Materials 41 (4), 444-450 , 2025 2025 Citations: 10
Effect of the CAD/CAM milling protocol on the fracture behavior of zirconia monolithic crowns AR Oliveira, NU Ziglioli, SMS Marocho, J Satterthwaite, M Borba Materials 17 (12), 2981 , 2024 2024 Citations: 10
Relationship between fracture toughness and fractal dimensional increment in two types of dental glass-ceramics with different fracture surface roughness KS Jodha, N Kaur, SMS Marocho, JJ Mecholsky Jr, ST Lirette, Y Duan, ... Dental Materials 38 (12), 1977-1988 , 2022 2022 Citations: 10
Altura de los tallados coronales en la retención de prótesis parcial fija JL Nogueira, SMS Marocho, AC Pavanelli, SZ Costa, LG Vasconcellos Revista Estomatológica Herediana 18 (2), 114-114 , 2008 2008 Citations: 10