Bibliometric insights into spur gear wear: Trends, detection techniques and sustainable design Jawaz Alam, Sumanta Panda, Prasant Nanda, Padmanav Dash Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part D Journal of Automobile Engineering, 2025 This paper employs bibliometric analysis to consolidate sustainable wear control research of spur gears used in automobile gear boxes, examining trends, publication rates, citation rates, gear fault types and vibration-based analysis. Notably, there was a 609.10% increase in publications by 2024 from 78 in 2010 and a 281% increase by 2025. Key research areas include lubrication-related and strength-based failures, comprising 53% and 47% of the research, respectively. Promising wear detection methods such as convolutional neural networks (40%), artificial neural networks (24%) and contrast enhancement algorithms (14%) are identified. This review is designed for gear designers, tribology researchers and condition-monitoring specialists, offering them insights into recent advancements and emerging techniques in detecting and controlling spur gear wear. This analysis highlights research gaps and opportunities for further exploration in gear design.
Multi-objective optimisation with finite element analysis of profile shifted altered tooth sum spur gear Jawaz Alam, Sumanta Panda Advances in Materials and Processing Technologies, 2024 ABSTRACTTraditional gear design approaches provide design parameters that meet only one design requirement at a time. However, a major problem with this kind of approach is the deficit for high consistency and reliability. The objective of the article is to present a multi-objective design optimisation procedure for addendum modified spur gear with altered tooth sum. The design procedure involves implementation of Particle Swarm Optimisation (PSO) and a hybrid PSO- Teaching-learning based optimisation (PSO-TLBO) algorithm for simultaneous optimisation of the weight and contact or hertzian stress along line of action of the spur gear drive. The design optimisation was validated through stress analysis of the optimised spur gear set, using Finite element analysis (FEA) with various mesh types and grain size. Afterwards, manufacturing of the optimised non-standard gear set with metallic (EN24) and a composite (Hylum) gear material using standard tooling. This indicates that with the proposed design optimisation approach there is a possibility of meeting the requirement for efficient, compact, and reliable gear set with reduced computational cost. This study suggests that it is possible to determine a set of optimised design variables that can meet more than one design criteria at a time.KEYWORDS: Spur gearoptimum weightcontact stressprofile modificationaltered tooth sumFEM Nomenclature a=Center distanceCr=Surface reliability factord0=Outside diameter of boss (mm)Fs=Induced bending load (Lewis formula)I=Geometry factorKr=Bending reliability factorL=Length of boss (mm)Sfe=Surface fatigue strength (MPa)x=Design variable vector gearbw=Thickness of web (mm)Cs=Surface factordp=Drilled hole diameter (mm)Fn=Normal loadJ=Lewis Geometry factorKms=Mean stress factorlw=Thickness of rim (mm)τ=Shaft shear strength (MPa)y=Lewis tooth form factorCl=Surface fatigue life factorD1&D2=Pitch circle diameter of pinion and gearDr=Dedendum circle diameter (mm)Fp=Wear load (N)Ko=Over load factorKv=Velocity factorn=Number of drilled holesσ=Gear material strength (MPa)σcomposite=Gear material strength (MPa) for composite materialCp=Elastic coefficient (MPa)Di=Inside diameter of rim (mm)F(x)=Objective functiongi(x)=ConstraintsKm=Mounting factorKw=Load factorSn=Standard moore endurance limitv=Pitch line velocity (m/s)Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.Data access statementThe data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author [sumanta.panda@gmail.com] upon reasonable request.
Exploring Tribological Behaviors of Profile-Shifted Spur Gears: An Experimental Investigation Jawaz Alam, Sumanta Panda Tribology Transactions, 2024 The tribological behavior of addendum modified altered tooth sum optimized spur gear set were experimentally compared with that of the standard spur gear under several loading conditions including the wear morphology study and wear debris analysis. The temperature, viscosity, elastohydrodynamic oil film thickness, specific film thickness, and combined surface roughness variation under increasing operating load were analyzed experimentally. Finally, the performance impact of addendum shifted altered tooth sum optimized gear was examined. Results show that the tribological improvement strongly depends on the addendum alteration and modified tooth sum condition. The modification of the addendum in gears with a negatively altered tooth sum facilitates the transition from single-tooth contact to two-tooth contact, broadening the lubrication range while preserving optimal film thickness and improving wear resistance. However, it is reverse to decrease the film thickness and increase wear for standard and profile-modified positively altered tooth sum gear. The gear tribological performance can be significantly improved by profile modification and negatively altered tooth sum approach with a lower rate of degradation of oil and damage on the tooth contacting surface.
A comprehensive study on multi-objective design optimization of spur gear Jawaz Alam, Sumanta Panda Mechanics Based Design of Structures and Machines, 2023 The paper presents procedure for design optimization of a spur gear set with the objective of minimization of the gear weight, contact stress along path of contact and optimum film thickness at the contact point. Particle swarm optimization, particle swarm optimization based teaching learning optimization and Jaya algorithms are presented here to ensure the remarkable reduction in weight and contact stress of a profile modified spur gear set with adequate film thickness at the point of contact. The parametric and sensitivity analysis performed here recommended the manufacturing tolerance to be maintained for the different critical design variables. The contact stress analysis using finite element method suggested the use of negatively altered tooth sum spur gear for compact design with better strength balance and scoring resistance. The optimized values of addendum co-efficient within the design space significantly improves the gear design as compared to the conventional design.
Biodiesel from non-edible vegetable oils: A review on engine performance and emission characteristics Nature Environment and Pollution Technology, 2018
Optimum design of rolling element bearing S. Panda, T. Mohanty, D. Mishra, B. B. Biswal Lecture Notes in Computer Science Including Subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics, 2015
Grey relational analysis during sustainable machining of D3 tool steel D Rath, S Panda International Journal on Interactive Design and Manufacturing (IJIDeM) 20 (2 … , 2026 2026
A Study on Compositions Optimization S Pradhan, S Panda Intelligent Systems: Proceedings of 5th International Conference on Machine … , 2025 2025
Modified Spur Geared System Using Vibration Signal Analysis A Mishra, J Alam, S Panda Intelligent Systems: Proceedings of 4th International Conference on Machine … , 2025 2025
Bibliometric insights into spur gear wear: Trends, detection techniques and sustainable design J Alam, S Panda, P Nanda, P Dash Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of … , 2025 2025
A Study on Compositions Optimization of a Hybrid Brake Friction Material Using Metaheuristic S Pradhan, S Panda International Conference on Machine Learning, IoT and Big Data, 135-146 , 2025 2025
A comprehensive approach for analysing optimized profile-shifted gears with a focus on tribological parameters J Alam, S Panda Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, Transactions of Mechanical … , 2025 2025 Citations: 1
Exploring tribological behaviors of profile-shifted spur gears: An experimental investigation J Alam, S Panda Tribology Transactions 67 (4), 674-690 , 2024 2024 Citations: 4
Multi-objective optimisation with finite element analysis of profile shifted altered tooth sum spur gear J Alam, S Panda Advances in Materials and Processing Technologies 10 (2), 1024-1051 , 2024 2024 Citations: 9
Assessment of Tooth Wear in a Profile Modified Spur Geared System Using Vibration Signal Analysis A Mishra, J Alam, S Panda International Conference on Machine Learning, IoT and Big Data, 27-40 , 2024 2024
A comprehensive study on multi-objective design optimization of spur gear J Alam, S Panda Mechanics Based Design of Structures and Machines 51 (9), 5272-5298 , 2023 2023 Citations: 46
A comprehensive review on design and analysisof spur gears J Alam, S Panda, P Dash International Journal on Interactive Design and Manufacturing (IJIDeM) 17 (3 … , 2023 2023 Citations: 23
Design and Experimental Analysis of Spur Gear–A Multi-objective Approach S Panda, J Alam International Conference on Machine Learning, IoT and Big Data, 221-229 , 2023 2023
Performance analysis of hybrid ceramic insert in dry turning of hardened tool steel D Rath, S Panda, K Pal Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering 47 (12), 15455-15476 , 2022 2022 Citations: 6
Analysis and prediction of tool wear in dry turning of hardened D3 steel using hybrid insert: A novel wear map approach D Rath, S Panda Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of … , 2022 2022 Citations: 5
Finite element analysis of an optimized sandwiched spur gear set S Panda, J Alam, A Pradhan Intelligent Systems: Proceedings of ICMIB 2021, 123-134 , 2022 2022 Citations: 1
A multi‐objective approach for local path planning of autonomous mobile robot based on metaheuristics SK Pattnaik, S Panda, D Mishra Concurrency and Computation: Practice and Experience 34 (10), e6801 , 2022 2022 Citations: 4
A comparative study of meta-heuristics for local path planning of a mobile robot SK Pattnaik, D Mishra, S Panda Engineering Optimization 54 (1), 134-152 , 2022 2022 Citations: 38
A Tribological Parametric Analysis of Laser Textured Microgrooves on Si 3 N 4 . S Dixit, D Panigrahi, S Rout, S Panda, D Dhupal Lasers in Engineering (Old City Publishing) 49 , 2021 2021 Citations: 13
Optimum design of profile modified spur gear using PSO J Alam, S Priyadarshini, S Panda, P Dash Intelligent Systems: Proceedings of ICMIB 2020, 177-187 , 2021 2021 Citations: 1
Optimum design of 3R manipulator using hybrid PSOGSA algorithm S Panda, D Mishra, BB Biswal International Journal of Mechanisms and Robotic Systems 5 (1-2), 111-142 , 2021 2021 Citations: 3
MOST CITED SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
Analysis of properties and estimation of optimum blending ratio of blended mahua biodiesel N Acharya, P Nanda, S Panda, S Acharya Engineering science and technology, an international journal 20 (2), 511-517 , 2017 2017 Citations: 159
A comparative study of stability characteristics of mahua and jatropha biodiesel and their blends N Acharya, P Nanda, S Panda, S Acharya Journal of King Saud University-Engineering Sciences 31 (2), 184-190 , 2019 2019 Citations: 117
Determination of optimum parameters with multi-performance characteristics in laser drilling—a grey relational analysis approach S Panda, D Mishra, BB Biswal The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 54 (9), 957-967 , 2011 2011 Citations: 86
A comprehensive study on multi-objective design optimization of spur gear J Alam, S Panda Mechanics Based Design of Structures and Machines 51 (9), 5272-5298 , 2023 2023 Citations: 46
Laser beam micro drilling–a review S Pattanayak, S Panda Lasers in Manufacturing and Materials Processing 5 (4), 366-394 , 2018 2018 Citations: 43
An approach to weight optimization of a spur gear S Panda, BB Biswal, SD Jena, D Mishra Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part J: Journal of … , 2017 2017 Citations: 42
A comparative study of meta-heuristics for local path planning of a mobile robot SK Pattnaik, D Mishra, S Panda Engineering Optimization 54 (1), 134-152 , 2022 2022 Citations: 38
Comparative study on optimum design of rolling element bearing S Panda, SN Panda, P Nanda, D Mishra Tribology International 92, 595-604 , 2015 2015 Citations: 36
Laser micro drilling of 316L stainless steel orthopedic implant: A study S Pattanayak, S Panda, D Dhupal Journal of Manufacturing Processes 52, 220-234 , 2020 2020 Citations: 30
Revolute manipulator workspace optimization: A comparative study S Panda, D Mishra, BB Biswal Applied Soft Computing 13 (2), 899-910 , 2013 2013 Citations: 25
Prediction of surface quality using chip morphology with nodal temperature signatures in hard turning of AISI D3 steel D Rath, S Panda, K Pal Materials Today: Proceedings 5 (5), 12368-12375 , 2018 2018 Citations: 24
Multi objective optimization of EDM process parameters using fuzzy TOPSIS method SK Pattnaik, M Priyadarshini, KD Mahapatra, D Mishra, S Panda 2015 International Conference on Innovations in Information, Embedded and … , 2015 2015 Citations: 24
A comprehensive review on design and analysisof spur gears J Alam, S Panda, P Dash International Journal on Interactive Design and Manufacturing (IJIDeM) 17 (3 … , 2023 2023 Citations: 23
WEDM microdrilling of 316 L stainless steel orthopedic implant AK Sahu, S Pattanayak, S Panda Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of … , 2020 2020 Citations: 19
Advances in cancer research S Maji, S Panda, SK Samal, O Shriwas, R Rath, M Pellecchia, L Emdad, ... Elsevier , 2018 2018 Citations: 19
Optimization of multiple response characteristics of EDM process using taguchi-based grey relational analysis and modified PSO S Panda, D Mishra, BB Biswal, P Nanda Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Systems 14 (03), 123-148 , 2015 2015 Citations: 19
An artificial neural network model for a diesel engine fuelled with mahua biodiesel N Acharya, S Acharya, S Panda, P Nanda Computational Intelligence in Data Mining: Proceedings of the International … , 2017 2017 Citations: 18
Multi characteristics optimization of laser drilling process parameter using grey fuzzy reasoning method M Priyadarshini, SK Pattnaik, D Mishra, S Panda, K Dhalmahapatra Materials Today: Proceedings 2 (4-5), 1518-1532 , 2015 2015 Citations: 17
Multi characteristics optimization of laser drilling process parameter using fuzzy-topsis method M Priyadarshini, PP Tripathy, D Mishra, S Panda Materials Today: Proceedings 4 (8), 8538-8547 , 2017 2017 Citations: 16
A multi objective optimum design approach for rolling element bearing S Panda, SN Panda International Journal on Interactive Design and Manufacturing (IJIDeM) 12 (3 … , 2018 2018 Citations: 14