A Hierarchical Graph-Aware Learning Framework for Scalable and Generalizable VLSI Placement Poornima S, Naveen K B, Manoj Kumar S B 3rd IEEE International Conference on Networks Multimedia and Information Technology Nmitcon 2025, 2025 The increasing complexity of modern VLSI circuits has intensified the challenges in achieving scalable, adaptable, and high-quality placement. Traditional analytical placers, while effective in specific scenarios, struggle with generalization, rely heavily on manual tuning, and often fail to exploit the inherent graph structure and geometric variability of netlists. To address these limitations, we propose the Hierarchical Graph-Aware Placement Framework (HGAPF), a learning-based approach designed for robust and transferable VLSI placement. HGAPF models the circuit using a dual-graph structure-capturing both netlist connectivity and logical dataflow-and leverages a novel Hierarchical Graph Placement Network (HGPNet) to predict placement coordinates through deep message passing. The framework introduces Geometric Normalization Encoding (GNE) to preserve spatial consistency and enhance learning generalization across circuit layouts. OpenROAD is an open-source, RTL-to-GDSII flow for VLSI design. In our proposed design inputs are picked from OpenDB, which is a part of OpenROAD tool. Additionally, a circuit-aware refinement stage dynamically optimizes the placement using a joint loss formulation that balances wirelength and cell density. Experimental results on the ISPD2015 benchmark suite show that HGAPF consistently outperforms DREAMPlace, achieving up to <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\mathbf{2 0 \%}$</tex> faster runtime, <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\mathbf{3 0 \%}$</tex> lower overflow, and <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\mathbf{1 0 \%}$</tex> shorter wirelength, establishing it as an effective and scalable solution for next-generation VLSI placement.
Energy-Efficient Low-Dropout Regulator Architecture on Altera Cyclone II FPGA for Ultralow Power SoC Applications Sanju B N, Sandeep S V, Manjunatha G, Manojkumar S B 3rd IEEE International Conference on Networks Multimedia and Information Technology Nmitcon 2025, 2025 Power-efficient voltage regulation is a cornerstone of modern embedded SoC platforms, especially in applications such as IoT devices, portable electronics, and energy-constrained edge computing. This paper presents the design and implementation of a digitally controlled low-dropout (LDO) voltage regulator architecture on the Altera Cyclone II FPGA. The system leverages a Verilog-based control structure incorporating a PMOS pass element, error amplifier logic, and voltage feedback network to achieve high efficiency and rapid response under dynamic load conditions. Experimental validation through Quartus II and ModelSim confirms a voltage deviation of less than <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\pm 1 \%$</tex>, low ripple, and fast transient recovery. The regulator maintains consistent performance across a range of supply and load variations, making it ideal for low-noise, ultra-low power SoC applications. This work offers a reconfigurable and scalable alternative to conventional analog LDOs and paves the way for adaptive digital power management in next-generation embedded systems.
Future Proofing Agile Management With 5G/6G Advancements Dankan Gowda V., Kirti Rahul Kadam, Manoj Kumar S. B., Srinivas D., K. D. V. Prasad 5g 6g Advancements in Communication Technologies for Agile Management, 2025 The continuous evolvement of new formative 5G and evolution towards 6G are pertinent to changing the dynamics of the development of the principles of the agile management and open new horizons of development for enterprises. This chapter examines how these advanced communication technologies increase flexibility to facilitate quick shifts in line with market trends and improve efficiency and innovation. We demonstrate how 5G/6G increase the connectivity, reduce the latency, and enhance the bandwidth which enables the IoT integration, the AI adoption, and real-time analytics into an adaptable platform. Through the discussion of various cases and industry examples, the reader is offered practical guidelines on the use of the discussed technologies for gaining a competitive edge.
Design of an Embedded Image Compression System Using Python and Machine Learning Chethana D M, Prabhavathi K, Aruna B, Manjunatha G, Naveen K B, Manojkumar S B 2025 International Conference on Biomedical Engineering and Sustainable Healthcare Icbmesh 2025 Proceedings, 2025 The exponential growth of digital imagery necessitates advanced compression techniques that balance storage efficiency, transmission speed, and image quality. This paper presents an embedded image compression system leveraging Python and machine learning, integrating a convolutional neural network (CNN) for feature extraction and a variational autoencoder (VAE) for compression. The system, implemented on a Raspberry Pi 4 Model B, achieves an average compression ratio of 20:1, with a maximum of 25:1, while maintaining high image fidelity, as evidenced by an average PSNR of 32 dB and SSIM of 0.90. The real-time processing capability allows compression at 20 images per second, making it suitable for resource-constrained environments. Comparative analysis with JPEG and JPEG 2000 highlights the system's superior compression efficiency and image quality. Benchmarking on high-performance computing setups further validates its scalability, achieving a compression ratio of 22:1 with a PSNR of 33 dB. These results underscore the transformative role of machine learning in embedded image compression, paving the way for more efficient, real-time applications in digital imaging. This system is especially suitable for sustainable healthcare applications such as X-ray transmission and telemedicine imaging, where efficient bandwidth usage and image fidelity are critical for remote diagnosis and storage scalability.
Design of a Low-Power 64-bit ALU Using Vedic Multiplication, Vinculum Encoding, and Reversible Logic on FPGA B S Balaji, Safina Taj, A S Smitha, S B Manoj Kumar, G Manjunatha, K Ramya 2025 5th International Conference on Intelligent Technologies Conit 2025, 2025 The fusion of Vedic mathematics with reversible logic in digital system design unlocks new avenues for boosting computational efficiency while curbing energy demands. This study introduces a power-conscious vinculum-driven encoder-decoder architecture embedded within a 64-bit Vedic multiplierbased Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU). Capitalizing on the Urdhva-Tiryagbhyam sutra and vinculum number system, the proposed model enhances throughput, trims critical path latency, and simplifies hardware overhead. Synthesized on the Artix-7 FPGA platform, the architecture showcases noteworthy energy savings, consuming only 42 mW, and registers a minimal combinational delay of 4.65 ns. Comparative analysis underscores its superiority over conventional ALU counterparts, particularly in high-speed and energy-sensitive applications. However, obstacles persist in scaling the design for broader datapaths and minimizing ancillary (garbage) outputs. Prospective research will delve into advanced refinement strategies and expanded deployment use cases. This work emphasizes the transformative potential of integrating Vedic computation techniques with reversible logic to engineer future-ready, ultra-efficient digital architectures.
Enhanced Edge Detection for Noisy Images Using Sobel and Canny on FPGA with Median Filtering Optimization Poorvika T P, Manojkumar S B, Srividya C N, M B Anandaraju, Naveen K B, B N Shobha 2025 5th International Conference on Emerging Research in Electronics Computer Science and Technology Icerect 2025, 2025 Edge detection is a critical operation in image processing, supporting applications such as autonomous vehicles, surveillance systems, and object recognition. However, conventional methods like Sobel and Canny struggle under high-noise conditions such as salt-and-pepper noise.This paper proposes noise-resilient edge detection architecture implemented on an FPGA using the Xilinx Vivado development suite. The design integrates a median filtering stage prior to applying Sobel and Canny edge detectors, significantly improving edge clarity while maintaining computational efficiency. Grayscale conversion and 3×3 median filtering are implemented using pipelined shift registers to enhance throughput. The system is deployed on a Xilinx xc7a35tcsg324 FPGA and demonstrates a low hardware footprint—utilizing only 4.35% of LUTs and 20% of BRAM. Comparative experiments validate that the proposed median filtering stage effectively suppresses salt-and-pepper noise while preserving critical edge structures, outperforming mean filtering in both visual quality and system accuracy. Although the current implementation lacks adaptive thresholding, it provides a scalable framework for future integration with AI-based filtering techniques and high-resolution image processing.
AI-Powered VLSI-Enabled Smart Pillbox for Real-Time Medication Adherence Monitoring and Automated Dispensing Varsha D C, M B Anandaraju, Manojkumar S B, Manjunatha G, Pramod, Sunitha B S 2025 International Conference on Recent Advances in Electrical Electronics Ubiquitous Communication and Computational Intelligence Raeeucci 2025, 2025 Smart medication management systems are pivotal in addressing challenges related to patient adherence to prescribed regimens. This paper presents a novel VLSI-enabled AI-powered smart pillbox that automates medication dispensing and monitors adherence in real time. The system employs advanced AI algorithms to schedule and dispense medication accurately while providing personalized notifications and alerts for missed doses. Designed with energy-efficient hardware, the pillbox ensures high performance while maintaining low power consumption. Initial results demonstrate dispensing accuracy of 98%, adherence monitoring at 20 ms latency, and power efficiency at 4 MB/Watt. These findings emphasize the system's efficacy in ensuring reliable and user-friendly medication management. Despite these advancements, challenges persist in adapting the solution to diverse patient requirements and improving integration with healthcare ecosystems. Future research will focus on enhancing the system's robustness, exploring broader healthcare applications, and leveraging emerging technologies to optimize functionality. This work underscores the potential of AI-driven smart pillboxes in transforming medication adherence and healthcare management.
VLSI Implementation of Power Efficient 4-bit Flash ADC G Tharun Tejas, B N Shobha, B M Ramkumar, K B Naveen, S B Manoj Kumar, K N Shivakumaraswamy IEEE International Conference on Recent Advances in Science and Engineering Technology Icraset 2024, 2024
Real-Time Threat Detection and Countermeasures in IoT Environments T Hemalatha, S Venkatakiran, Mandeep Kaur, Manojkumar S B, Veduri Veera Prasad, Ashreetha. B 7th International Conference on Electronics Communication and Aerospace Technology Iceca 2023 Proceedings, 2023
Enhanced Edge Detection for Noisy Images Using Sobel and Canny on FPGA with Median Filtering Optimization TP Poorvika, SB Manojkumar, CN Srividya, A MB, KB Naveen, S BN 2025 5th International Conference on Emerging Research in Electronics … , 2025 2025
Ultra-Fast FPGA-Based Color Image Watermarking: A Real-Time Secure Embedding Framework S Niharika, SB Manojkumar, KB Naveen, A MB, CN Srividya, ... 2025 5th International Conference on Emerging Research in Electronics … , 2025 2025
Hybrid deep learning models for accurate EEG-based cognitive state classification P Nandihal, SB Manoj Kumar, J Rajeshwari, MS Nagesh, ... SN Computer Science 6 (7), 806 , 2025 2025 Citations: 5
Design of an Embedded Image Compression System Using Python and Machine Learning DM Chethana, K Prabhavathi, B Aruna, G Manjunatha, KB Naveen, ... 2025 International Conference on Biomedical Engineering and Sustainable … , 2025 2025
Energy-Efficient Low-Dropout Regulator Architecture on Altera Cyclone II FPGA for Ultralow Power SoC Applications BN Sanju, SV Sandeep, G Manjunatha, SB Manojkumar 2025 Third International Conference on Networks, Multimedia and Information … , 2025 2025 Citations: 1
A Hierarchical Graph-Aware Learning Framework for Scalable and Generalizable VLSI Placement S Poornima, KB Naveen, SB Manoj Kumar 2025 Third International Conference on Networks, Multimedia and Information … , 2025 2025
Design of a Low-Power 64-bit ALU Using Vedic Multiplication, Vinculum Encoding, and Reversible Logic on FPGA BS Balaji, S Taj, AS Smitha, SBM Kumar, G Manjunatha, K Ramya 2025 5th International Conference on Intelligent Technologies (CONIT), 1-6 , 2025 2025 Citations: 1
Design and Implementation of AES Encryption and Decryption for 45nm Technology MB Anandaraju Technology 5 (03), 34-40 , 2025 2025
AI-Driven VLSI Design for Wearable Health Monitoring Devices: Real-Time Analysis and Predictive Insights for Vital Signs KS Shalini, MN Anusha, PS Prafulla, G Manjunatha, SB Manojkumar, ... 2025 International Conference on Recent Advances in Electrical, Electronics … , 2025 2025
Design of Mixed Reality (MR) Based Real Time Vision System for TB Disease Tracking and Control SB ManojKumar 2025
Smart Infant Care and Monitoring System Using IOT PS Venu, KS Rajashekar, VGBN Shweta Bhimray Pasare, ... 2025
Future Proofing Agile Management With 5G/6G Advancements D Gowda, KR Kadam, MK SB, KDV Prasad 5G/6G Advancements in Communication Technologies for Agile Management, 21-50 , 2025 2025
Machine Learning-Driven Image Recognition Systems for IoT-Connected Smart Healthcare Devices V Dankan Gowda, A Sharma, BS Ingole, KDV Prasad, B Ashreetha, ... International Conference on Modern Practices and Trends in Expert … , 2024 2024
Rhombic Shaped Photonic Crystal Biosensor for the Detection of Eye Melanoma HS Manasa, SB Manojkumar, PR Yashaswini, KV Kavana, PC Srikanth 2024 International Conference on Recent Advances in Science and Engineering … , 2024 2024
Tomato Leaf Disease Detection Using ML, IP and Fabrication of Pesticides Spraying Prototype BC Kavitha, HV Ramyarani, B Naveen, KSS Kumar, KB Naveen, ... 2024 International Conference on Recent Advances in Science and Engineering … , 2024 2024
VLSI Implementation of Power Efficient 4-bit Flash ADC GT Tejas, BN Shobha, BM Ramkumar, KB Naveen, SBM Kumar, ... 2024 International Conference on Recent Advances in Science and Engineering … , 2024 2024
Raspberry Pi Camera-Based Leaf Pest Detection By Using Classical Image Processing With CNN Algorithm JM Saraswathi, KSM Kumar, SBM Kumar, MB Anandaraju, ... 2024 International Conference on Recent Advances in Science and Engineering … , 2024 2024 Citations: 1
RFID-Based Automated Bus Door System with Emergency Alert and Seat Monitoring BC Kavitha, KB Naveen, SB Manoj Kumar 2024 Global Conference on Communications and Information Technologies (GCCIT … , 2024 2024
Smart Assistive System for Paralysis Patients using Finger Flex Sensors, Eye Movement Detection, and Vital Sign Monitoring N Kokila, MB Anandaraju, D Gowda, MK SB, KB Naveen, BN Shobha 2024 8th International Conference on I-SMAC (IoT in Social, Mobile … , 2024 2024
Enhancing healthcare delivery through IoT applications in remote patient monitoring and telemedicine KS Yogi, D Gowda, MK SB, R Nithya, AY Begum 2024 IEEE North Karnataka Subsection Flagship International Conference … , 2024 2024 Citations: 12
MOST CITED SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
Recent advances in graph theory and its applications V Dankan Gowda, KS Shashidhara, M Ramesha, SB Sridhara, ... ADV MATH SCI JOURNAL , 2021 2021.0 Citations: 26
Feature extraction from the fundus images for the diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy SB ManojKumar, R Manjunath, S HS 2015 International Conference on Emerging Research in Electronics, Computer … , 2015 2015.0 Citations: 18
Enhancing healthcare delivery through IoT applications in remote patient monitoring and telemedicine KS Yogi, D Gowda, MK SB, R Nithya, AY Begum 2024 IEEE North Karnataka Subsection Flagship International Conference … , 2024 2024.0 Citations: 12
Retracted: Classification and detection of diabetic retinopathy using K-means algorithm SB ManojKumar, HS Sheshadri 2016 International Conference on Electrical, Electronics, and Optimization … , 2016 2016.0 Citations: 10
Weather forecasting using application programming interface MK SB, JK AR 2023 International Conference on Recent Advances in Science and Engineering … , 2023 2023.0 Citations: 6
Hybrid deep learning models for accurate EEG-based cognitive state classification P Nandihal, SB Manoj Kumar, J Rajeshwari, MS Nagesh, ... SN Computer Science 6 (7), 806 , 2025 2025.0 Citations: 5
Real-Time Threat Detection and Countermeasures in IoT Environments T Hemalatha, S Venkatakiran, M Kaur, M SB, VV Prasad 2023 7th International Conference on Electronics, Communication and … , 2023 2023.0 Citations: 4
ECG telemetry system for IoT using Raspberry Pi HP Chandini, HD Mangala, CL Sapna, SB Manojkumar International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT): NCESC … , 2018 2018.0 Citations: 4
Analysis of detection of diabetic retinopathy using LPB and deep learning techniques SB Manojkumar, HS Sheshadri International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology , 2020 2020.0 Citations: 3
An Algorithmic Approach to Adapting Edge-based Devices for Autonomous Robotic Navigation. MS Benyeogor, KP Nnoli, OO Olakanmi, OI Lawal, EJ Gratton, S Kumar, ... EAI Endorsed Trans. Context aware Syst. Appl. 8 (1), e2 , 2022 2022.0 Citations: 2
Detection of oral cancer using deep learning approach BC Kavitha, GR Reshma, SB Manoj Kumar, KB Naveen, MB Anandaraju International Journal of Health Sciences , 2022 2022.0 Citations: 2
AUTOMATIC ATTENDANCE SYSTEM USING WEBCAM AND RFID K Nimitha, CS Pooja, R Rakshitha, VK RS, MK SB, KB Naveen 2017.0 Citations: 2
A Survey on: Evaluation database for DR HS Sheshadri, SB Manojkumar Second National conference on Emerging Trends in Electronics and … , 2015 2015.0 Citations: 2
Design and Implementation of Modified Adaptive Filtering Algorithm for Noise Cancellation in Speech Signal on FPGA for Minimum Resource Usage K BV, M SB, MB Anandaraju International Journal of Inventive Engineering and Sciences (IJIES) 1 (7), 18-21 , 2013 2013.0 Citations: 2
Sheshadri,” Feature extraction from the fundus images for the diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy” SB ManojKumar, R Manjunath, HS Dr International Conference on Emerging Research in Electronics,” Computer … , 0 Citations: 2
Energy-Efficient Low-Dropout Regulator Architecture on Altera Cyclone II FPGA for Ultralow Power SoC Applications BN Sanju, SV Sandeep, G Manjunatha, SB Manojkumar 2025 Third International Conference on Networks, Multimedia and Information … , 2025 2025.0 Citations: 1
Design of a Low-Power 64-bit ALU Using Vedic Multiplication, Vinculum Encoding, and Reversible Logic on FPGA BS Balaji, S Taj, AS Smitha, SBM Kumar, G Manjunatha, K Ramya 2025 5th International Conference on Intelligent Technologies (CONIT), 1-6 , 2025 2025.0 Citations: 1
Raspberry Pi Camera-Based Leaf Pest Detection By Using Classical Image Processing With CNN Algorithm JM Saraswathi, KSM Kumar, SBM Kumar, MB Anandaraju, ... 2024 International Conference on Recent Advances in Science and Engineering … , 2024 2024.0 Citations: 1
Dynamic power synthesis techniques for combinational circuit C Lokesh, MR Supritha, SB Manoj Kumar, KR Rekha 2023 International Conference on Recent Advances in Science and Engineering … , 2023 2023.0 Citations: 1
Detection of retinal disease screening using local binary patterns SB Manojkumar, U Shama Firdose, HS Sheshadri Emerging Research in Electronics, Computer Science and Technology … , 2019 2019.0 Citations: 1