An autoencoder driven deep learning geospatial approach to flood vulnerability analysis in the upper and middle basin of river Damodar Rohit Srinivas Thappitla, Vasanta Govind Kumar Villuri, Satish Kumar Scientific Reports, 2025 Flood vulnerability mapping has significantly progressed with the advent of Machine Learning (ML), bringing greater certainty to predictions. However, conventional supervised ML techniques may not be feasible in regions where recorded flood inventory data is scarce. This study introduces a novel deep learning approach using a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)-led Autoencoder to assess flood vulnerability under such conditions. The methodology utilizes eleven causative factors, represented as geospatial layers, to characterize the regional environment. These layers are processed using CNN Autoencoder and K-means clustering to produce a flood risk zonation map for the upper and middle basins of the Damodar River. The autoencoder's reconstruction performance is evaluated using metrics Mean Squared Error (MSE), precision, recall, and accuracy apart from cluster-based indices to evaluate its classification ability. The resulting map shows that 92% of the study area is safe, while less than 8% faces moderate to very high flood risk, aligning with historical patterns and validation analysis. The study highlights the strong impact of Drainage Density on model outcomes, while certain factors like Aspect introduce noise. These findings provide valuable insights into flood vulnerability, even in data-scarce regions, aiding proactive mitigation strategies for future flood events.
Evaluating evolutionary algorithms for simulating catchment response to river discharge Ravindra Kumar Singh, Satish Kumar, Srinivas Pasupuleti, Vasanta Govind Kumar Villuri, Ankit Agarwal Journal of Water and Climate Change, 2023 Evolutionary algorithms (EAs) are proficient in solving the controlled, nonlinear multimodal, non-convex problems that limit the use of deterministic approaches. The competencies of EA have been applied in solving various environmental and water resources problems. In this study, the storm water management model (SWMM) was set up to authenticate the capability of the model for simulating catchment response in the upper Damodar River basin. Auto-calibration and validation of SWMM were done for the years 2002–2011 at a daily scale using three EAs: genetic algorithms (GAs), particle swarm optimisation (PSO) and shuffled frog leaping algorithm (SFLA). Statistical parameters like Nash–Sutcliffe effectiveness (NSE), percent bias (PBIAS) and root-mean-squared error–observations standard deviation ratio (RSR) were used to analyse the efficacy of the results. NSE and PBIAS values obtained from GA were superior, with the recorded flow with NSE and PBIAS ranging between 0.63 and 0.69 and between 1.12 and 9.81, respectively, for five discharge locations. The value of RSR was approximately 0 indicating the sensibly exceptional performance of the model. The results obtained from SFLA were robust and superior. Our results showed the prospective use and blending of the hydrodynamic model with EA would aid the decision-makers in analysing the vulnerability in river watersheds.
A Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) Approach for Landslide Susceptibility Mapping of a Part of Darjeeling District in North-East Himalaya, India Abhik Saha, Vasanta Govind Kumar Villuri, Ashutosh Bhardwaj, Satish Kumar Applied Sciences Switzerland, 2023 Landslides are the nation’s hidden disaster, significantly increasing economic loss and social disruption. Unfortunately, limited information is available about the depth and extent of landslides. Therefore, in order to identify landslide-prone zones in advance, a well-planned landslide susceptibility mapping (LSM) approach is needed. The present study evaluates the efficacy of an MCDA-based model (analytical hierarchy process (AHP)) and determines the most accurate approach for detecting landslide-prone zones in one part of Darjeeling, India. LSM is prepared using remote sensing thematic layers such as slope, rainfall earthquake, lineament density, drainage density, geology, geomorphology, aspect, land use and land cover (LULC), and soil. The result obtained is classified into four classes, i.e., very high (11.68%), high (26.18%), moderate (48.87%), and low (13.27%) landslide susceptibility. It is observed that an entire 37.86% of the area is in a high to very high susceptibility zone. The efficiency of the LSM was validated with the help of the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve, which demonstrate an accuracy of 96.8%, and the success rate curve showed an accuracy of 81.3%, both of which are very satisfactory results. Thus, the proposed framework will help natural disaster experts to reduce land vulnerability, as well as aid in future development.
A mathematical approach to evaluate the extent of groundwater contamination using polynomial approximation Purushottam Agrawal, Alok Sinha, Srinivas Pasupuleti, Jitendra Sinha, Ayan Chatterjee, Satish Kumar Water Supply, 2022 Groundwater is being contaminated rapidly due to various anthropogenic activities and geogenic sources. In this direction, assessment of water quality analysis is the basic requirement for nurturing the human being and its evolution. The Water Quality Index (WQI) parameter has been widely used in determining water quality globally. The study aims to provide the suitability of groundwater in the specified region using the polynomial approximation method for drinking and irrigation purposes along with the computation of WQI using the conventional method. Weierstrass's polynomial approximation theorem along with longitudinal and latitudinal values has been used to evaluate the polynomial regarding various physicochemical parameters. To validate the obtained results from the present approach, groundwater quality data collected and analyzed from the Pindrawan tank area in Raipur district, Chhattisgarh, India, have been used. The result is obtained, i.e., the intermediate value of the parameters obtained correctly from the mathematical modeling, with an average error of 7%. This polynomial approximation method can also be used as the substitute of inverse modeling to determine the location of the source in the two-dimensional system. The approach output can be beneficial to administrators in making decisions on groundwater quality and gaining insight into the tradeoff between system benefit and environmental requirement.
Impact of climate change on stormwater drainage in urban areas Satish Kumar, Ankit Agarwal, Abinesh Ganapathy, Vasant Govind Kumar Villuri, Srinivas Pasupuleti, Dheeraj Kumar, Deo Raj Kaushal, Ashwin Kumar Gosain, Bellie Sivakumar Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment, 2022 Climate change and urbanization are significantly magnifying flood hazard, leading to a greater vulnerability of urban concentrations. This paper investigates the impact of climate change on urban flooding using future projected rainfall data and a calibrated hydraulic model. Two urban watersheds in Delhi, India (the Qudesia Nallah catchment and the Jahangirpuri drain catchment) are considered to evaluate the climate change impact on urban flooding. Regional climate models (RCMs) are used to project future precipitation, which is then utilized by the hydraulic model to evaluate the impact on flooding. Climate data from three RCMs extracted from the Coordinated Regional Climate Downscaling Experiment (CORDEX) are used to study the impact of climate change for historical (1990–2016) and future scenario (Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 4.5, 2021–2100). The rainfall projections are fed as 2-, 5-, 10-, and 20-year return periods to a calibrated hydrodynamic Storm Water Management Model (SWMM). The results show that the flooded nodes vary between 2–6 and 12–43, respectively, in the Qudesia Nallah catchment and the Jahangirpuri drain catchment under present conditions but increase from 11 to 51 and 42 to 91, respectively, for future climate conditions. The results suggest that the risk of occurrence of flooding, duration, and frequency in the two study areas will increase in the future when compared to those under the present conditions. The results also indicate that the damage induced by the 20-year return period rainfall at the present time will likely be caused just by the 2-year return period in the future. This is due to the greater likelihood of rainfall extremes in the region. The potential flooding sites identified in this study will provide the urban municipalities with substantive information to perform ameliorative strategies.
Constructed wetland management in urban catchments for mitigating floods Satish Kumar, Ankit Agarwal, Vasant Govind Kumar Villuri, Srinivas Pasupuleti, Dheeraj Kumar, Deo Raj Kaushal, Ashwin Kumar Gosain, Axel Bronstert, Bellie Sivakumar Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment, 2021 Wetlands in urban ecosystems provide significant environmental benefits. In the present study, the concept of urban constructed wetland development is studied from the viewpoint of urban planning with dynamic water level orifice setting controller. A two-step modelling procedure is carried out: (1) development of a hybrid model, by coupling a well-established two-dimensional hydrodynamic model (International River Interface Cooperative, iRIC) with a one-dimensional physically-based, distributed-parameter model (Storm Water Management Model, SWMM), to compute and map flood scenarios and to identify the flood-prone areas; and (2) use of SWMM to simulate the water inflow to the proposed constructed wetland, which acts as a cushion for storing excess flood water. The proposed methodology is implemented on the Jahangirpuri drain catchment located in Delhi, India. Results show that the hybrid model is effective, and the simulations are observed to be in good agreement with the recorded data, which assist in detecting the flood-prone areas. Further, an estimation of the impact of the proposed constructed wetland on catchment hydrology indicates an overall reduction of 23% in flooding adjacent to the channel with a significant reduction in backflow as well as water depth in the drain. The flapgate at the outlet of the wetland helps in maintaining the desired water depth in the wetland. The outcomes of this study will assist the hydrologists and administrators in urban stormwater management and planning to mitigate the impact of floods in urban watersheds.
Exploring artificial intelligence techniques for groundwater quality assessment Purushottam Agrawal, Alok Sinha, Satish Kumar, Ankit Agarwal, Ashes Banerjee, Vasanta Govind Kumar Villuri, Chandra Sekhara Rao Annavarapu, Rajesh Dwivedi, Vijaya Vardhan Reddy Dera, Jitendra Sinha, Srinivas Pasupuleti Water Switzerland, 2021 Freshwater quality and quantity are some of the fundamental requirements for sustaining human life and civilization. The Water Quality Index is the most extensively used parameter for determining water quality worldwide. However, the traditional approach for the calculation of the WQI is often complex and time consuming since it requires handling large data sets and involves the calculation of several subindices. We investigated the performance of artificial intelligence techniques, including particle swarm optimization (PSO), a naive Bayes classifier (NBC), and a support vector machine (SVM), for predicting the water quality index. We used an SVM and NBC for prediction, in conjunction with PSO for optimization. To validate the obtained results, groundwater water quality parameters and their corresponding water quality indices were found for water collected from the Pindrawan tank area in Chhattisgarh, India. Our results show that PSO–NBC provided a 92.8% prediction accuracy of the WQI indices, whereas the PSO–SVM accuracy was 77.60%. The study’s outcomes further suggest that ensemble machine learning (ML) algorithms can be used to estimate and predict the Water Quality Index with significant accuracy. Thus, the proposed framework can be directly used for the prediction of the WQI using the measured field parameters while saving significant time and effort.
Urbanization Challenges in Emerging Economies Urbanization Challenges in Emerging Economies Energy and Water Infrastructure Transportation Infrastructure and Planning and Financing Selected Papers from the ASCE India Conference 2017, 2017
Discerning the dynamics of urbanization-climate change-flood risk nexus in densely populated urban mega cities: An appraisal of efficient flood management through … R Deopa, DA Thakur, S Kumar, MP Mohanty, P Asha Science of the Total Environment 952, 175882 , 2024 2024 Citations: 24
Evaluating evolutionary algorithms for simulating catchment response to river discharge RK Singh, S Kumar, S Pasupuleti, VGK Villuri, A Agarwal Journal of Water and Climate Change 14 (8), 2736-2754 , 2023 2023 Citations: 7
A mathematical approach to evaluate the extent of groundwater contamination using polynomial approximation P Agrawal, A Sinha, S Pasupuleti, J Sinha, A Chatterjee, S Kumar Water Supply 22 (6), 6070-6082 , 2022 2022 Citations: 5
Impact of spent mushroom substrate integration with Trichoderma harzianum on yield and gummosis disease incidence in bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria) S Kumar, RK Chugh, J Singh International Journal of Plant & Soil Science 34 (18), 69-76 , 2022 2022 Citations: 3
Multi-objective optimization for stormwater management by green-roofs and infiltration trenches to reduce urban flooding in central Delhi S Kumar, RK Guntu, A Agarwal, VGK Villuri, S Pasupuleti, DR Kaushal, ... Journal of Hydrology 606, 127455 , 2022 2022 Citations: 110
Internet of Medical Thing and FIS evaluation for selecting and delivering the best health insurance coverage S Kumar, G Kalra, HK Bhardwaj, YK Rajoria, D Kumar, R Boadh J. Pharm. Negat. Results 13 (8), 3438-3446 , 2022 2022 Citations: 9
Forensic limnology: Diversity of diatom population in relation to environmental factors in Gujarat region, India P Dahiya, S Kumar, MA Shukla, CS Yadav Materials Today: Proceedings 69, A14-A24 , 2022 2022 Citations: 8
Left Para duodenal Hernia: Case Report of Rare Cause of Small Bowel Obstruction A Dhiman, J Kumar, S Kumar, P Sood 2022
Prediction of head loss for fly ash-water slurry flow through 90 bend pipe using computational fluid dynamics AR Pradhan, S Kumar, S Kumar, H Singh, K Kumar, G Singh Materials Today: Proceedings 56, 710-716 , 2022 2022 Citations: 7
Taguchi approach for optimization of pressure drop characteristics for fly ash with bottom ash addition in slurry pipeline MK Singh, SS Rathore, S Kumar, H Sandhu Materials Today: Proceedings 48, 1305-1309 , 2022 2022 Citations: 2
Background level, occurrence, speciation, bioavailability, and phyto-management of Cu-polluted soils V Kumar, S Pandita, S Kumar, S Singh, A Sharma, R Setia Appraisal of Metal (loids) in the Ecosystem, 135-164 , 2022 2022 Citations: 1
An existence theorem for nonlinear functional Volterra integral equations via Petryshyn’s fixed point theorem S Singh, S Kumar, MMA Metwali, SF Aldosary, KS Nisar Aims Math 7 (4), 5594-5604 , 2022 2022 Citations: 14
A SCIENTOMETRIC STUDY OF JOURNAL OF PHYTOLOGICAL RESEARCH FOR THE DECADE 2011 TO 2021. S KUMAR, PS RAJPUT Journal of Phytological Research 35 (1) , 2022 2022
Erosion wear analysis of thermally sprayed WC+ TiO2 micron layers on SS-404 U Haque, G Singh, HS Gill, S Kumar, K Kumari Materials Today: Proceedings 48, 1246-1252 , 2022 2022 Citations: 2
Effect of integrated nutrient management on productivity and profitability of mustard (Brassica juncea L.) R Gora, S Kumar, PK Singh, S Pooniyan, A Choudhary, PS Dhaka, ... The Pharma Innovation Journal 11 (2), 2239-2242 , 2022 2022 Citations: 6
Cruciferous vegetables: A mine of phytonutrients for functional and nutraceutical enrichment S Kumar, S Sharma, V Kumar, R Sharma, A Minhas, R Boddu Current advances for development of functional foods modulating inflammation … , 2022 2022 Citations: 41
Consumer Panic Buying and Consumer Behaviour during Pandemic Years for Innovative Sanitization Good: A Study of Buying Behaviour to Sanitization Durable Goods. Manager A Garg, DS Kumar Br. J. Adm. Manag 58 (154), 1-11 , 2022 2022 Citations: 8
Comparison of gene expression profile in indigenous Ghurrah and exotic Landrace piglets BB Soni Kumari, A Kumar, M Panigrahi, A Mehrotra, GR Kumar, ... 2022
Dynamic relationship between equity, bond, commodity, forex and foreign institutional investments: Evidence from India R Matha, E Geetha, S Kumar Investment Management & Financial Innovations 19 (4), 65 , 2022 2022 Citations: 7
Solution of the diophantine equation 143ˆ x+ 45ˆ y= zˆ 2 S Aggarwal, C Swarup, D Gupta, S Kumar Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Mathematics and Statistics 7 (3&4), 1-4 , 2022 2022 Citations: 10
MOST CITED SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
Tau stabilizes microtubules by binding at the interface between tubulin heterodimers H Kadavath, RV Hofele, J Biernat, S Kumar, K Tepper, H Urlaub, ... Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112 (24), 7501-7506 , 2015 2015 Citations: 721
Climate-change studies in the western Himalaya MS Shekhar, H Chand, S Kumar, K Srinivasan, A Ganju Annals of Glaciology 51 (54), 105-112 , 2010 2010 Citations: 432
Autophagic degradation of tau in primary neurons and its enhancement by trehalose U Krüger, Y Wang, S Kumar, EM Mandelkow Neurobiology of aging 33 (10), 2291-2305 , 2012 2012 Citations: 362
Lysozyme: a model protein for amyloid research R Swaminathan, VK Ravi, S Kumar, MVS Kumar, N Chandra Advances in protein chemistry and structural biology 84, 63-111 , 2011 2011 Citations: 362
Lipid peroxidation, mitochondrial membrane potential and DNA integrity of spermatozoa in relation to intracellular reactive oxygen species in liquid and frozen-thawed buffalo semen G Kadirvel, S Kumar, A Kumaresan Animal reproduction science 114 (1-3), 125-134 , 2009 2009 Citations: 295
What do we know about business strategy and environmental research? Insights from Business Strategy and the Environment S Kumar, R Sureka, WM Lim, S Kumar Mangla, N Goyal Business Strategy and the Environment 30 (8), 3454-3469 , 2021 2021 Citations: 274
A mechanistic model of tau amyloid aggregation based on direct observation of oligomers SL Shammas, GA Garcia, S Kumar, M Kjaergaard, MH Horrocks, N Shivji, ... Nature communications 6 (1), 7025 , 2015 2015 Citations: 245
Twenty-five years of the journal of corporate finance: a scientometric analysis HK Baker, S Kumar, D Pattnaik Journal of Corporate Finance 66, 101572 , 2021 2021 Citations: 234
Development and characterization of Al2Cu and Ag2Al nanoparticle dispersed water and ethylene glycol based nanofluid M Chopkar, S Kumar, DR Bhandari, PK Das, I Manna Materials Science and Engineering: B 139 (2-3), 141-148 , 2007 2007 Citations: 231
Extracellular monomeric tau protein is sufficient to initiate the spread of tau protein pathology CH Michel, S Kumar, D Pinotsi, A Tunnacliffe, PS George-Hyslop, ... Journal of Biological Chemistry 289 (2), 956-967 , 2014 2014 Citations: 223
Pituitary apoplexy: retrospective review of 30 patients—is surgical intervention always necessary? A Gruber, J Clayton, S Kumar, I Robertson, TA Howlett, P Mansell British journal of neurosurgery 20 (6), 379-385 , 2006 2006 Citations: 194
Tau protein diffuses along the microtubule lattice MH Hinrichs, A Jalal, B Brenner, E Mandelkow, S Kumar, T Scholz Journal of Biological Chemistry 287 (46), 38559-38568 , 2012 2012 Citations: 190
Oligomer formation of tau protein hyperphosphorylated in cells K Tepper, J Biernat, S Kumar, S Wegmann, T Timm, S Hübschmann, ... Journal of Biological Chemistry 289 (49), 34389-34407 , 2014 2014 Citations: 189
Preservation of boar semen at 18 C induces lipid peroxidation and apoptosis like changes in spermatozoa A Kumaresan, G Kadirvel, KM Bujarbaruah, RK Bardoloi, A Das, S Kumar, ... Animal reproduction science 110 (1-2), 162-171 , 2009 2009 Citations: 185
Automated identification of potential snow avalanche release areas based on digital elevation models Y Bühler, S Kumar, J Veitinger, M Christen, A Stoffel, Snehmani Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 13 (5), 1321-1335 , 2013 2013 Citations: 171
Twenty-five years of The European Journal of Finance (EJF) : a retrospective analysis B Burton, S Kumar, N Pandey The European Journal of Finance 26 (18), 1817-1841 , 2020 2020 Citations: 144
Detection of benzimidazole resistance in Haemonchus contortus using RFLP-PCR technique J Tiwari, S Kumar, AP Kolte, CP Swarnkar, D Singh, KML Pathak Veterinary Parasitology 138 (3-4), 301-307 , 2006 2006 Citations: 112
Multi-objective optimization for stormwater management by green-roofs and infiltration trenches to reduce urban flooding in central Delhi S Kumar, RK Guntu, A Agarwal, VGK Villuri, S Pasupuleti, DR Kaushal, ... Journal of Hydrology 606, 127455 , 2022 2022 Citations: 110
Stages and conformations of the Tau repeat domain during aggregation and its effect on neuronal toxicity S Kumar, K Tepper, S Kaniyappan, J Biernat, S Wegmann, ... Journal of biological chemistry 289 (29), 20318-20332 , 2014 2014 Citations: 109
Exploring artificial intelligence techniques for groundwater quality assessment P Agrawal, A Sinha, S Kumar, A Agarwal, A Banerjee, VGK Villuri, ... Water 13 (9), 1172 , 2021 2021 Citations: 103
