Pharmacy, Pharmacology, Drug Discovery, Immunology
FUTURE PROJECTS
Microgravity
Applications Invited
10
Scopus Publications
Scopus Publications
An overview of recent advances in the prevention of erythroblastosis fetalis Aishwarya Balasubramaniam, V. Santhosh Kumar, S. Priya Asian Journal of Transfusion Science, 2025 Erythroblastosis fetalis is one of the leading causes of death among newborns and fetuses in India. This condition is characterized by maternal immunoglobin G antibodies destroying the red blood cells (RBCs) of the neonate or fetus, resulting in potentially life-threatening consequences. When a mother with an Rh-positive blood group has a fetus with an Rh-negative blood group, the fetal RBCs trigger maternal antibodies against Rh-antigens. Anti-D antibodies are activated as a result of this process, which is known as isoimmunization. As a result of the antibody reaction, all of the erythrocytes are destroyed, resulting in hemolysis, bilirubin release, and anemia. Intravascular transfusions and intraperitoneal transfusions are examples of antenatal therapies that potentially avoid dangers to the fetus in the early stages of pregnancy. Phototherapy, exchange top-up transfusions, and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) injections are examples of postnatal therapies (IVIG). IVIG therapy is highly recommended since it has a low risk of adverse medication responses and a wide range of survival rates. To avoid isoimmunization, anti-Rh D therapies are indicated. Noninvasive identification of the fetal human platelet antigen 1 genotype using cell-free fetal DNA obtained from maternal blood is one example of progress. This is still in the early stages of research as preventive medicine, the platelet equivalent of Rho (D) Immune Globulin Human (RhoGAM). The erythroblastosis fetalis is highly preventable when it is diagnosed at its early stages. Regular screening of all the patients with ABO incompatibility is necessary to prevent the risks of erythroblastosis fetalis.
In-silico Docking and Toxicity Analysis of N-acetyl D-glucosamine with Antimicrobial Proteins-A Novel Targeting against Antimicrobial Resistance Pathakota Roja, V Santhosh . Kumar International Journal of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance, 2023 Nutraceuticals are popular health-promoting agents for various disease ailments such as food supplements, health promoters, etc. The rising antimicrobial resistance concerns are a serious challenge to researchers and need of the hour to be addressed by developing novel antimicrobial agents. One prospective nutraceutical that has been chosen as a candidate for development as an antibacterial agent is N-acetyl-D-glucosamine. GlcNAc is a monomer of chitin, a substance found in the cell walls of several fungi, mollusks, and cephalopod beaks. The present study aimed to evaluate NAG’s antimicrobial potential by in-silico docking using Molegro virtual docker MVD 2013.6.0 as a novel approach. N-acetyl-D-glucosamine was tested against various targets like penicillin-binding protein (PDB3UDI) ligase (PDB2zdq), isomerase/isomerase inhibitor (PDB3TTZ), transferase (PDB2VEG), thymidylate kinase (PDB5UIV), dihydrofolate reductase (PDB3SRW), rifampicin-resistant, RNA polymerase (PDB6VVT) in diff erent confi rmations. Based on the docking scores obtained NAG was found to have potent activity against Acinetobacter baumannii, Thermus thermophilus, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Salmonella typhi, Mycobacterium smegmatis, Candida albicans proving the therapeutic approach that can develop the NAG as antimicrobial agent. The toxicity analysis was performed using TEST software using diff erent methods proving there no report of endotoxicity of GlcNAc molecule that tend to be promising for developing the GlcNAc as lead for antimicrobial resistance. The future lies in evaluating the in-vivo antimicrobial potential studies of NAG.
Studies on antioxidant activity of different extracts of aerial parts of cadaba farinose forsk: An in-vitro techniques Jambula Dinesh Babu, Venugopalan Santhosh Kumar International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2020 Cadaba farinosa (family Capparidaceae) is generally known as “Indian cadaba” in the traditional ayurvedic system. The current study, aerial parts of different concentrates (Pet.ether, ethyl acetate and methanol) of Cadaba farinose was evaluated for its in-vitro antioxidant potential by Diphenylpicrylhydrazyl radical, and total antioxidant activity taking ascorbate as standard and superoxide radical activity taking Quercetin as the standard for the in-vitro methods. The methanolic concentrates of Cadaba farinose& ascorbic acid exhibited antioxidant potential possessing IC50 208µg/ml & 66µg/ml (Diphenylpicrylhydrazyl radical) , 188µg/ml & 57µg/ml (total antioxidant). The methanolic concentrates of Cadaba farinose & quercetin exhibited antioxidant potential possessing IC50 252µg/ml & 60µg/ml (superoxide radical). The IC50 value was originated that methanolic concentrates of Cadaba farinose more efficient in Diphenylpicrylhydrazyl radical, superoxide radical activity, total antioxidant activity compared EA & PE concentrates. The difference in scavenging potential of the extracts can be due to variation in the percentage of bioactive compound present in different solvents. Invitro antioxidant studies show methanolic concentrates of Cadaba farinose have better antioxidant activity. This result indicates that aerial parts of methanolic concentrate Cadaba farinose could serve as a natural antioxidant, which may be useful in preventing free radical-induced diseases.
Estimation of total phenolic content and studies on antioxidant activity of different extracts of cadaba farinose forsk by hydroxy radical and iron chelating techniques Jambula DineshBabu, Venugopalan Santhosh Kumar International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2020 Cadaba farinosa (family Capparidaceae) is generally known as “Indian cadaba” in the traditional ayurvedic system. The current study, aerial parts of different concentrates (Pet.ether, ethyl acetate and methanol) of Cadaba farinose was evaluated for its in-vitro antioxidant potential by hydroxy radical taking ascorbate as a standard. The iron-chelating activity is taking Ethylenediamine tetraacetate as standard and estimation of total phenol content as equivalent to mg/g of Gallic acid. The methanolic concentrates of Cadaba farinose & ascorbic acid exhibited antioxidant potential possessing IC50 205µg/ml & 65µg/ml (Hydroxy radical) , methanolic concentrates of Cadaba farinose & Ethylenediamine tetraacetate exhibited antioxidant potential possessing IC50 240µg/ml & 70µg/ml (iron-chelating activity). The methanolic and EA concentrates of Cadaba farinose contain total phenolic content 9.86 ± 0.62 and 3.98 ± 0.54, respectively. The IC50 value was originated that methanolic concentrates of Cadaba farinose more efficient in hydroxy radical, iron chelating activity compared EA & PE concentrates. The methanolic extract of Cadaba farinose having more free radical activity due to the presence of phenolic content as a bioactive compound. This result indicates that aerial parts of methanolic concentrate Cadaba farinose could serve as a natural antioxidant, which may be useful in preventing free radical-induced diseases.
A comparative study on drug use of antimicrobial agents in medical and surgical intensive care units of a tertiary care hospital Nimin Paul, Santhosh Kumar V Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research, 2018 Objective: To identify the pattern of drug utilization of antimicrobials in prescriptions of patients admitted at medical intensive care unit (MICU) and surgical intensive care unit (SICU) department and to analyze the utilization of different classes of drugs.Methods: A prospective observational study was carried out in 10 bedded medical and surgical intensive care unit (ICU) of tertiary care hospital, Adayar, from October 1st 2016 to March 1st 2016. The study was performed in 100 prescriptions. The relevant data on drug prescription of each patient were collected from in-patient records. The demographic data, disease data, and the utilization of different classes of antimicrobial agents (AMAs) were analyzed.Results: In MICU, a total of 648 drugs were prescribed during the period of stay and AMAs accounted for 15% of total drug. The average length of stay was found to be 8 (±8.73). The mean number of drugs received by patients is 11.6 ± 2 drugs. The most frequently prescribed AMAs were ceftriaxone followed by meropenem and clindamycin. Cephalosporin is commonly prescribed due to their relatively lower toxicity and broader spectrum activity. The generally prescribed AMA combination was amoxicillin + clavulanic acid (32.50%) and piperacillin + tazobactam (27.50%). The laboratory reported positive cultures for 30 patients. The most prevailing organisms were Escherichia coli (50%). In SICU, a total of 780 drugs were prescribed during the period of stay and AMAs accounted for 18% of total drug. An average of 5 (±2.0) drugs was prescribed for each patient and each prescription contains an average of 2 (±0.9) AMAs. The results indicated that ceftriaxone was the most commonly prescribed AMAs (22%), followed by meropenem (18%), ciprofloxacin (18%), and colistin (8%). A total of five AMA combination therapies were used in SICU. Among them, piperacillin+clavulanic acid (36.84%) was the most commonly prescribed combination. In the study, 30 (60 %) cases had microbial growth and have performed sensitivity test.Conclusion: A wide class and percentage of AMAs were prescribed in ICUs. There is a need of antimicrobial agent’s usage guidelines and restriction policies for the rational prescribing of antimicrobials in critically ill patients.
Personalized medicine - A novel approach in cancer therapy B Swapnaa, Santhosh V Kumar Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology, 2017 The word"personalized medicine" wasregularlylabelled as providing patient withtheright drug at the right dose at the right time.Personalized medicine was being advanced through data from the Human Genome Project. Cancer was a disease of the genome. In cancer, different tumours may have the same DNA, but the gene expression pattern was different in different tumour types.Genomic variations in EGFR and ERCC1 have been correlated with drug response in small cell lung cancer patients, HER2, BRCA1 in breast cancer.The isolation and analysis of CTCs may be a useful method for tracking how cancers evolve during therapy.Personalized medicine was receiving a large amount of growing attention for its tremendous potential with new opportunities.
Sugar and chronic diseases V Santhosh Kumar, D Praveen Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology, 2016 Recent research at the University of California San Francisco shows that added sugars are responsible for chronic diseases such as diabetes mellitus. Growing scientific evidence shows that too much added sugar, over time, is linked to diabetes, heart disease and liver disease. Overconsumption of added sugar is linked to type 2 diabetes. Our current food environment in which the vast majority of packaged foods have added sugar makes it too easy to have too much.
Abnormal uterine bleeding in reproductive women: Diagnosis, management and treatment Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research, 2015
Isolation and characterization of glucosamine from Azadirachta indica leaves: An evaluation of immunostimulant activity in mice Venugopalan Santhosh Kumar, Visweswaran Navaratnam, Aiyalu Rajasekaran, Narenk Nair, Dorai Soundaraj Priya Matharasi, Srinivasan Narasimhan, Subramaniam Ramachandran Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine, 2012 Abstract Objective To evaluate the potential immunostimulant activity of glucosamine from Azadirachta indica leaves in mice. Methods The hexane, chloroform, methanol and aqueous extracts of Azadirachta indica leaves were prepared and its immunostimulant activity was studied. The aqueous extract of Azadirachta indica leaves (AEAIL) showed significant ( P Azadirachta indica leaves glucosamine (AILG) was administered at 266, 400 and 800 μg/kg of mice, intraperitoneal route weekly for 4 weeks to evaluate immunostimulant activity. The serum interleukin-2 (IL-2) level and histopathological studies on thymus were performed to confirm AILG immunostimulant activity. Results The administration of above doses of AILG has significantly ( P P P Conclusion The glucosamine was isolated from Azadirachta indica leaves aqueous extract and its immunostimulant activity was confirmed in mice.
