Professor at the National University of Mexico (UNAM), Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Metallurgical Engineering, for more than 25 years. Main research interest: experimental techniques to study Solidification Kinetics , Metallurgical engineering and Processes Analysis and simulation, Foundry. Member of the Sistema Nacional de Investigadores since 1999, Member of the Academia Mexicana de Ciencias since 2001
EDUCATION
PhD Doctorado en Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Química, UNAM, México
Dipome d'etudes Approfondies en Science des Materiaux et Metallurgie, Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble, LTPCM France
Ingeniero Químico Metalúrgico, Facultad de Química, UNAM, México
RESEARCH INTERESTS
Experimental techniques to study Solidification Kinetics , Metallurgical engineering and Processes Analysis and simulation, Foundry, Alloys for biomedical applications, Steel, materials processing.
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Scopus Publications
Scopus Publications
Advantages of Utilizing PLIF to Analyze Mixing Phenomena in a Physical Model of a Two-strand Continuous Casting Tundish Alberto Velázquez-Sánchez, Luis E. Jardón-Pérez, Rodrigo Villarreal-Medina, Carlos González-Rivera, Adrián M. Amaro-Villeda, Marco A. Ramírez-Argáez JOM, 2025 This work presents the improved application of the chemical planar laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF) to obtain residence time distribution (RTD) curves in a physical model of a two-strand tundish without flow modifiers. It proposes a new experimental methodology to overcome the issues of using this complex technique in continuous reactors. A calibration procedure for PLIF previously developed for gas-stirred ladles is adapted to determine concentration fields in a tundish. The concentration maps obtained by PLIF represent valuable quantitative information about the evolution of solute mixing after a tracer pulse injection. This information may facilitate the analysis of the mass transfer mechanisms involved in mixing phenomena inside the tundish.
PLIF and PIV as Tools to Analyze and Validate Mathematical Models on Mixing and Fluid Flow of Physical Models of Two-Strand Tundishes Alberto Velázquez-Sánchez, Luis E. Jardón-Pérez, Carlos González-Rivera, Adrián M. Amaro-Villeda, Marco A. Ramírez-Argáez Processes, 2025 This article demonstrates how the non-intrusive techniques PLIF (Planar Laser-Induced Fluorescence) and PIV (Particle Image Velocimetry) are used to study fluid flow and mixing in a water model of a continuous casting tundish. These techniques validate CFD models by providing hydrodynamic data and by testing the models’ ability to predict mixing through simulated concentration field evolution under defined process conditions. Using PIV and PLIF yields more accurate information on turbulent mixing and impurity transport than traditional methods. Access to flow and concentration field evolution enables more precise mathematical model refinement and clarifies the impact of tundish design or operational changes on hydrodynamics and mixing. Relative errors in chemical evolution are approximately 20%, whereas velocity errors vary depending on the measurement plane, being lower for longitudinal planes and higher for transversal planes. This suggests that the turbulence model does not fully capture all low- and high-velocity zones. This approach supports reliable flow and mixing predictions in metallurgy and related fields.
Effect of Ag and Cu Content on the Properties of Zn-Ag-Cu-0.05Mg Alloys Gloria Jara-Chávez, Adrián Amaro-Villeda, Bernardo Campillo-Illanes, Marco Ramírez-Argáez, Carlos González-Rivera Metals, 2024 Zn-Ag-Cu alloys have recently attracted attention as alloy candidates for biomedical applications, but, to date, they have not achieved the required mechanical properties. To improve the mechanical properties of Zn-Ag-Cu-base alloys, in this work, the effects of the presence of increasing amounts of Ag and Cu as alloying elements on the properties of four 0.05% Mg-micro-alloyed Zn-Ag-Cu base alloys are explored. The alloys were manufactured in an electric furnace with a protective atmosphere using increasing amounts of Ag and Cu as alloying agents, and were cast in a metallic mold. The samples obtained were thermomechanically processed by hot extrusion. Three of the four alloys under study presented increasing amounts of the second phase (Ag, Cu)Zn4, high mechanical properties, a microstructure and mechanical behavior characteristic of heteromaterials with a heterogeneous lamella-structure, and met the requirements of the mechanical properties, corrosion rate, antibacterial properties against S. aureus, and the cytotoxicity required for biomedical applications. It seems possible to tune the properties of the ZnAgCu-0.05% Mg alloys by changing the Ag and Cu contents.
Analysis of the Effect of Gas Injection System on the Heating Rate of a Gas Stirred Steel Ladle Assisted by Physical Modeling and PIV-PLIF Measurements Luis Enrique Jardón-Pérez, Alberto N. Conejo, Adrian Manuel Amaro-Villeda, Carlos González-Rivera, Marco Aurelio Ramírez-Argáez ISIJ International, 2023 In this work, the Planar Laser-Induced Fluorescence (PLIF) technique is applied to study the effect of the number of nozzles, their radial position and the gas flow rate on the thermal mixing during the secondary steel refining under non-isothermal conditions in a water model. In the physical model, three burners have been used to simulate the arc heating during the liquid metal processing.
Optimizing the Performance of a Dual-Injection Gas-Stirred Ladle Using Physical Modeling Carlos González-Rivera, Marco A. Ramirez-Argáez, Adrián Amaro-Villeda, Gerardo Trápaga-Martínez, Luis Enrique Jardón-Pérez Steel Research International, 2022 Herein, the effects of the angle between nozzles, oil thickness, gas flow ratio, and gas flow rate on mixing time and open eye area in a physical model of a gas‐stirred ladle with dual plugs are studied. The effect of the variables under study is determined using a two‐level factorial design. Particle image velocimetry (PIV) is used to establish, through the analysis of flow patterns, the effect of the studied variables on the hydrodynamics of the system. Results suggest that operating conditions significantly change the flow structure and greatly influence the system's mixing time and open eye area behavior. The Pareto front of the optimized results on mixing time and open eye area is obtained through a multiobjective optimization using a genetic algorithm (NSGA‐II). The results are conclusive in that, for optimal performance, the ladle must be operated using an angle slightly higher than 90° between plugs, a differentiated flow ratio, high oil thickness, and a gas flow rate adjusted according to whether the preference is given to the protection of the bath or to the mixing process.
Experimental Study of Mass Transfer Mechanisms for Solute Mixing in a Gas-Stirred Ladle Using the Particle Image Velocimetry and Planar Laser-Induced Fluorescence Techniques Luis E. Jardón-Pérez, Carlos González-Rivera, Gerardo Trápaga-Martínez, Adrián Amaro-Villeda, Marco A. Ramírez-Argáez Steel Research International, 2021 Particle image velocimetry (PIV) and planar laser‐induced fluorescence (PLIF) are synergically used to study from first principles the relative importance of the mass transport mechanisms governing the mixing of tracers in a physical model of a gas‐stirred ladle. A scaled 1/17th physical model of a 200 ton prototype is used to obtain flow patterns and turbulent kinetic energy maps by PIV, while PLIF provides instantaneous measured concentration fields on a complete plane. Results of both techniques allow computing the convection and the turbulent diffusion instantaneous mass transport fluxes from measured data to analyze comprehensively the ladle mixing. Two single injection modes, i.e., centric and eccentric midradius position, are analyzed and compared; eccentric injection is found to promote better mixing. Convective fluxes are bigger than turbulent diffusion fluxes in both injection modes during mixing. Both mechanisms act cooperatively to promote mixing and turbulent diffusion is key on mixing, although it has a smaller effect than convection. The single loop flow pattern and the bigger and better distributed turbulence result in mass transfer combined fluxes (convective plus turbulent diffusion) twice as optimal in the eccentric injection as in the centric injection, which explains why mixing is faster in eccentric than in centric mode.
Utilization of the Planar Laser-Induced Fluorescence Technique (PLIF) to Measure Temperature Fields in a Gas-Stirred Ladle L. E. Jardón-Pérez, A. M. Amaro-Villeda, G. Trápaga-Martínez, C. González-Rivera, M. A. Ramírez-Argáez Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B Process Metallurgy and Materials Processing Science, 2020 A 1/17th water physical model of a 200-ton steel ladle furnace with a single gas injection was used to simulate bath heating using a single burner to mimic the heat flux due to electric arcs in the industrial steel ladle. Two phases were considered, using water to simulate the molten steel and air to simulate the argon injection at a flow rate of 1.54 NL min−1. The planar Laser-Induced Fluorescence (PLIF) technique was for the first time experimentally implemented to measure temperature fields in a longitudinal plane of the gas-stirred ladle model. PLIF employs a laser source of 532-nm wavelength to light water seeded with rhodamine B, which emits fluorescence depending on its temperature, after a complex calibration is made. Next, the fluorescence is captured by a camera with a 550-nm wavelength filter. The PLIF measurements were validated by local thermocouple measurements at five different locations in the measurement plane. Temperature fields measured by PLIF are in good agreement with those obtained locally by thermocouples, so the PLIF technique can be used to measure temperature fields with the advantage of getting a complete temperature contour field, in contrast to point values of temperatures with thermocouples. Experiments were carried out to study the thermal mixing for two common tuyere positions, i.e., axisymmetric and eccentric (mid-radius) positions. Results on the injection mode show that axisymmetric gas injection is a more efficient heat transfer configuration between the burner and the liquid phase than is the symmetric injection mode for the particular heating configuration studied in this work.
Alternative system to measure hydrogen content in molten aluminium using an electrochemical sensor Indian Journal of Engineering and Materials Sciences, 2020
Numerical modeling of equal and differentiated gas injection in ladles: Effect on mixing time and slag eye Luis E. Jardón-Pérez, Carlos González-Rivera, Marco A. Ramirez-Argaez, Abhishek Dutta Processes, 2020 Ladle refining plays a crucial role in the steelmaking process, in which a gas stream is bubbled through molten steel to improve the rate of removal of impurities and enhance the transport phenomena that occur in a metallurgical reactor. In this study, the effect of dual gas injection using equal (50%:50%) and differentiated (75%:25%) flows was studied through numerical modeling, using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The effect of gas flow rate and slag thickness on mixing time and slag eye area were studied numerically and compared with the physical model. The numerical model agrees with the physical model, showing that for optimal performance the ladle must be operated using differentiated flows. Although the numerical model can predict well the hydrodynamic behavior (velocity and turbulent kinetic energy) of the ladle, there is a deviation from the experimental mixing time when using both equal and differentiated gas injection at a high gas flow rate and a high slag thickness. This is probably due to the insufficient capture of the velocity field near the water–oil (steel–slag) interface and slag emulsification by the numerical model, as well as the complicated nature of correctly simulating the interaction between both gas plumes.
Newton thermal analysis of Al-Si alloys with different sr content Metal 2010 19th International Conference on Metallurgy and Materials Conference Proceedings, 2010
Applied pressure control risering of a ductile iron sand casting Metal 2010 19th International Conference on Metallurgy and Materials Conference Proceedings, 2010
On the testing of shrinkage tendency of ductile iron prior to pouring. 16th International Metallurgical and Materials Conference Metal 2007 Proceedings, 2007
Prediction of microstructure and distribution of solute in ternary Al-Zn-Mg alloys designed for cathodic protection applications Solidification of Aluminum Alloys, 2004