Impact of Outlet Vent Configurations on Indoor Environmental Quality, Occupant Comfort, and Energy Efficiency: An Optimisation Study Ghogare Abhijeet Ganesh, Shobha Lata Sinha, Vijay Panchore, Tikendra Nath Verma International Journal of Automotive and Mechanical Engineering, 2025 The rising demand for building energy and the time spent indoors are driving the need for a sustainable balance between building energy demand and occupant comfort. The detailed analysis of fluid flow, radiation heat transfer, heat load on a radiator, and the comfort of indoor occupants is essential for sustainable buildings. This study numerically evaluates the well-validated 3D empty-room model for energy demand in a cold-climate environment to support occupant comfort. Efforts have been made to optimise the factors affecting occupant comfort and the energy demand of the office room to maintain sustainable stability. A well-validated 3-dimensional model simulated airflow, heat transfer, and occupant comfort. The study optimises factors affecting comfort and energy use using multi-objective optimisation (MOO) techniques. Outlet vent location significantly impacts indoor comfort, energy, and fluid flow. Indoor environments can be optimised for both energy and comfort, especially in symmetrical indoor spaces. Floor-level vents improve air circulation but have little impact on energy use in cold climates. In symmetrical fluid domains, symmetrical outlet vent placement achieved the lowest objective function value (0.026), with a heat load of 412.27 W, PMV of 0.24, and PPD of 7.12, whereas floor-level outlet vents showed the highest objective function value (0.575), with PMV of 0.51 and PPD of 12.11, indicating reduced comfort. Overall, optimising ventilation strategies allows for prioritising occupant comfort and energy efficiency based on specific needs.
Response surface model-based multi-objective optimization of Box–Behnken building design for indoor comfort and energy Ghogare Abhijeet Ganesh, Shobha Lata Sinha, Vijay Panchore, Tikendra Nath Verma Energy and Environment, 2025 Rapid urbanization and the increasing energy demand of buildings necessitate modern building optimization techniques to maintain a suitable equilibrium between indoor comfort and building energy demand. This investigation aims to maintain an optimal balance between the building energy demand and indoor occupant comfort. Efforts have been made to optimize the independent variables influencing Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) response variables through a combination of advanced statistical and numerical techniques including the Box–Behnken design, response surface methodology (RSM), analysis of variance (ANOVA) and computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The statistically optimized solution obtained using RSM determined the optimal parameters: inlet diffuser inclination (IDI) = −76.52, inlet air velocity = 0.1 m/s, and radiator temperature = 300 K. The statistical model demonstrated strong reliability, with a mean root mean square error (RMSE) of 4.73% compared to numerical results with an R ² of .998. The IDI appeared as the primary factor influencing building performance, with significant quadratic effects on operative temperature, indoor air velocity, and the predicted mean vote (PMV) index, highlighting precise modeling for indoor comfort assessment. The statistical methods applied in this study proved highly effective for numerical and experimental analyses. They hold significant potential for modeling indoor environments while addressing ventilation, air quality, thermal comfort, and energy efficiency.
CFD analysis of natural ventilation’s role in modulating transient metabolic rate and enhancing indoor comfort Ghogare Abhijeet Ganesh, Shobha Lata Sinha, Vijay Panchore, Tikendra Nath Verma Energy Sources Part A Recovery Utilization and Environmental Effects, 2025 This study explores the effect of transient metabolic rates on indoor environmental quality (IEQ) in a numerically modeled office room. Unlike traditional approaches that treat human metabolic rates as constant heat flux, this study considers it dynamic and analyzes its effect on IEQ. Metabolic rate increases indoor temperature non-linearly due to fluid flow dynamics; a 7.7% rise in metabolic rate causes a 0.62% temperature increase, while a 20% rise results in a significant 5.56% temperature increase. In naturally ventilated buildings occupant takes 8.5 to 10.9 minutes to stabilize the metabolic rate after high-level activity termination, but restoring IEQ can take significantly longer. Ineffective building designs require up to 71 minutes for IEQ stabilization, whereas building designs with square-shaped inlet vents independent of outlet profile reduce by 60.5% to 28 minutes. This study highlights the importance of ventilation strategies to mitigate occupant activity-driven impacts, enhancing thermal comfort and IEQ stability in indoor office spaces.
Numerical Analysis to Investigate the Effect of Inlet Diffuser Orientation of Naturally Ventilated Occupied Office on Turbulence Intensity Using CFD Abhijeet Ganesh Ghogare, Shobha Lata Sinha, Tikendra Nath Verma, Satish Kumar Dewangan Aip Conference Proceedings, 2023 The study presents the influence of Inlet Diffuser Orientation (IDO) on turbulent on an indoor environment quality (IEQ). The indoor thermal comfort in the cold climate room can be established employing a heat-generating radiation panel that can maintain the indoor comfort within an acceptable temperature range as per the cold climate conditions. Indoor occupants in cold weather conditions commonly feel uncomfortable in the presence of excessive eddies and circulations that result from turbulent flow intensity. Several case studies have been carried out to analyze the effect of IDO on indoor turbulent intensity. The alteration in IDO considerably affects the intensity of the indoor turbulence, the buoyancy force, the natural convection pattern, and, therefore indoor occupant comfort. The advancement in the IDO reduces the area mixing zone and increases the turbulent intensity near the inlet diffuser, radiator, walls, and furniture. To evade the perception of cold air draft due to increased turbulent intensity in the occupancy, it must be far enough left from the mixing zone. The study will be valuable in design and IEQ modeling of domestic buildings.
Synergistic analysis of hydrogen-enriched diesel combustion: An integrated CFD and experimental method GA Ganesh, U Rajak, TN Verma, E Cuce International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 230, 154825 , 2026 2026
Multi-objective optimization of indoor comfort, contamination, and energy in mixed ventilated buildings using Taguchi and ANOVA methods AG Ghogare, SL Sinha, V Panchore, TN Verma Advances in Building Energy Research, 1-26 , 2026 2026
Investigation of combustion and emission of ethanol-diesel blended fuel in diesel engine using CFD GA Ganesh, V Panchore, U Rajak, TN Verma Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 1-21 , 2026 2026
CFD analysis of natural ventilation’s role in modulating transient metabolic rate and enhancing indoor comfort GA Ganesh, SL Sinha, V Panchore, TN Verma Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects 47 … , 2025 2025 Citations: 1
Impact of Outlet Vent Configurations on Indoor Environmental Quality, Occupant Comfort, and Energy Efficiency: An Optimisation Study GA Ganesh, SL Sinha, V Panchore, TN Verma International Journal of Automotive and Mechanical Engineering 22 (4), 12887 … , 2025 2025 Citations: 1
Response surface model-based multi-objective optimization of Box–Behnken building design for indoor comfort and energy GA Ganesh, SL Sinha, V Panchore, TN Verma Energy & Environment, 0958305X251385241 , 2025 2025
Energy consumption and thermal comfort assessment using CFD in a naturally ventilated indoor environment under different ventilations GA Ganesh, SL Sinha, TN Verma, SK Dewangan Thermal Science and Engineering Progress 50, 102557 , 2024 2024 Citations: 44
Numerical analysis to investigate the effect of inlet diffuser orientation of naturally ventilated occupied office on turbulence intensity using CFD GA Ganesh, SL Sinha, TN Verma, SK Dewangan AIP Conference Proceedings 3006 (1), 020005 , 2023 2023
Numerical analysis of naturally ventilated indoor environment for different turbulence models A Patel, B Saikiran, GN Suraj, R Kumar, SWA Chisty, GA Ganesh, ... AIP Conference Proceedings 2821 (1), 080023 , 2023 2023 Citations: 3
Numerical simulation for energy consumption and thermal comfort in a naturally ventilated indoor environment under different orientations of inlet diffuser GA Ganesh, SL Sinha, TN Verma, SK Dewangan Building and Environment 217, 109071 , 2022 2022 Citations: 30
Numerical Investigation to Study the Effect of Inlet Inclination on the Turbulence Intensity of the Naturally Ventilated Room Using CFD GA Ganesh, SL Sinha, TN Verma, SK Dewangan Advancement in Materials, Manufacturing and Energy Engineering, Vol. II … , 2022 2022 Citations: 6
Investigation of indoor environment quality and factors affecting human comfort: A critical review GA Ganesh, SL Sinha, TN Verma, SK Dewangan Building and Environment 204, 108146 , 2021 2021 Citations: 254
Numerical simulation for optimization of the indoor environment of an occupied office building using double-panel and ventilation radiator GA Ganesh, SL Sinha, TN Verma Journal of Building Engineering 29, 101139 , 2020 2020 Citations: 55
Effect of inlet airflow direction on the indoor environment of a naturally ventilated room using CFD GA Ganesh, SL Sinha, TN Verma Int. J. Eng. Adv. Technol 9 (3), 581-591 , 2020 2020 Citations: 15
MOST CITED SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
Investigation of indoor environment quality and factors affecting human comfort: A critical review GA Ganesh, SL Sinha, TN Verma, SK Dewangan Building and Environment 204, 108146 , 2021 2021 Citations: 254
Numerical simulation for optimization of the indoor environment of an occupied office building using double-panel and ventilation radiator GA Ganesh, SL Sinha, TN Verma Journal of Building Engineering 29, 101139 , 2020 2020 Citations: 55
Energy consumption and thermal comfort assessment using CFD in a naturally ventilated indoor environment under different ventilations GA Ganesh, SL Sinha, TN Verma, SK Dewangan Thermal Science and Engineering Progress 50, 102557 , 2024 2024 Citations: 44
Numerical simulation for energy consumption and thermal comfort in a naturally ventilated indoor environment under different orientations of inlet diffuser GA Ganesh, SL Sinha, TN Verma, SK Dewangan Building and Environment 217, 109071 , 2022 2022 Citations: 30
Effect of inlet airflow direction on the indoor environment of a naturally ventilated room using CFD GA Ganesh, SL Sinha, TN Verma Int. J. Eng. Adv. Technol 9 (3), 581-591 , 2020 2020 Citations: 15
Numerical Investigation to Study the Effect of Inlet Inclination on the Turbulence Intensity of the Naturally Ventilated Room Using CFD GA Ganesh, SL Sinha, TN Verma, SK Dewangan Advancement in Materials, Manufacturing and Energy Engineering, Vol. II … , 2022 2022 Citations: 6
Numerical analysis of naturally ventilated indoor environment for different turbulence models A Patel, B Saikiran, GN Suraj, R Kumar, SWA Chisty, GA Ganesh, ... AIP Conference Proceedings 2821 (1), 080023 , 2023 2023 Citations: 3
CFD analysis of natural ventilation’s role in modulating transient metabolic rate and enhancing indoor comfort GA Ganesh, SL Sinha, V Panchore, TN Verma Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects 47 … , 2025 2025 Citations: 1
Impact of Outlet Vent Configurations on Indoor Environmental Quality, Occupant Comfort, and Energy Efficiency: An Optimisation Study GA Ganesh, SL Sinha, V Panchore, TN Verma International Journal of Automotive and Mechanical Engineering 22 (4), 12887 … , 2025 2025 Citations: 1
Synergistic analysis of hydrogen-enriched diesel combustion: An integrated CFD and experimental method GA Ganesh, U Rajak, TN Verma, E Cuce International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 230, 154825 , 2026 2026
Multi-objective optimization of indoor comfort, contamination, and energy in mixed ventilated buildings using Taguchi and ANOVA methods AG Ghogare, SL Sinha, V Panchore, TN Verma Advances in Building Energy Research, 1-26 , 2026 2026
Investigation of combustion and emission of ethanol-diesel blended fuel in diesel engine using CFD GA Ganesh, V Panchore, U Rajak, TN Verma Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 1-21 , 2026 2026
Response surface model-based multi-objective optimization of Box–Behnken building design for indoor comfort and energy GA Ganesh, SL Sinha, V Panchore, TN Verma Energy & Environment, 0958305X251385241 , 2025 2025
Numerical analysis to investigate the effect of inlet diffuser orientation of naturally ventilated occupied office on turbulence intensity using CFD GA Ganesh, SL Sinha, TN Verma, SK Dewangan AIP Conference Proceedings 3006 (1), 020005 , 2023 2023