Mind the Gap Between UX Data and Visualization Proposals: Analyzing User Dissatisfaction and Driving Interactive System Improvements Maylon Macedo, Luciana Zaina Journal of the Brazilian Computer Society, 2026 Software professionals typically analyze user experience data (i.e., UX data) to identify positive and negative aspects of user interactions with software. While the scientific literature has proposed various UX data visualization approaches, these methods are rarely evaluated by software professionals (i.e., designers and developers) to determine their practical effectiveness in understanding user satisfaction and dissatisfaction. Moreover, professionals often adapt visualization techniques based on their own practical experiences, contributing to a wealth of informal knowledge published in UX blogs and websites (known as grey literature). To consolidate this dispersed knowledge, we conducted an analysis of 144 grey literature articles that discussed UX data definitions and visualization techniques. Our findings revealed three key components that support the investigation of user dissatisfaction: the visualization approach, the purpose of using the visualization, and UX data definitions. To validate the relevance of this three-leg approach, we conducted a study with 31 software professionals, using five UX data visualizations focused on a mobile airline ticketing application. We selected this domain to ensure familiarity and minimize the need for contextual interpretation. Through an online questionnaire, participants provided insights on how well the visualizations helped them identify aspects of the application contributing to user dissatisfaction. The results confirmed the practical value of the three-leg approach, with 78% of positive feedback regarding its effectiveness in UX data analysis. Additionally, 84% of participants acknowledged that the proposed visualizations could be integrated into their daily workflows. In this extended study, we introduced a new research question (i.e., RQ3) to investigate how UX data visualizations can support system improvements beyond identifying dissatisfaction. To address this, we conducted a new analysis of the grey literature, focusing on the potential benefits that UX data visualizations can bring to interactive systems. We also reanalyzed the collected study data, incorporating participant comments on how UX data visualizations could enhance software development processes. The comparison between the new findings and participant feedback highlighted four key themes: understanding users, improving system interaction, fostering self-knowledge about the system, and handling development resources efficiently. These insights reinforced the role of UX data visualizations in bridging the gap between theoretical models and practical applications for software professionals. Our findings update prior conclusions and discussions, demonstrating the broader impact of UX data visualizations beyond dissatisfaction analysis, extending to strategic decision-making, usability improvements, and software evolution.
Integration of UX Research Practices Into Agile Requirements Engineering: A Study in Software Industry Leonardo Ciscon, Marcelo de Oliveira, Adler Diniz, Joelma Choma, Luciana Zaina Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing, 2026 Agile Requirements Engineering (Agile RE) has been widely studied, but gaps remain regarding how user-centered research practices, specifically UX Research, are integrated into Agile RE. This paper investigates how UX Research is applied within Agile RE activities and identifies the positive and negative aspects of this integration. We conducted a multiple-case study with four distinct organizations, collecting data through interviews with 12 agile and UX professionals. Our results revealed that UX Research practices and tools are most frequently employed to discover requirements, both in organizations with and without UX professionals. However, the findings also indicate that although UX Research practices provide valuable input for requirements specification, there remains a need to better structure and communicate UX-related aspects so they become more visible to the agile team in all Agile RE activities. Our study contributes by discussing how UX Research practices and tools are employed across the stages of the Agile RE cycle, as well as the roles of the different stakeholders involved in these stages in different companies.
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RECENT SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
Mind the Gap Between UX Data and Visualization Proposals: Analyzing User Dissatisfaction and Driving Interactive System Improvements M Macedo, L Zaina Journal of the Brazilian Computer Society 32 (1), 1074-1089 , 2026 2026
From Business Meetings to Requirement Artifacts: An Agentic AI Approach with MARARE MA Sami, G Evangelista, KK Kemell, L Zaina, M Waseem, Z Zhang, ... Proceedings of the 2026 International Workshop on Agentic Engineering, 152-156 , 2026 2026 Citations: 1
Integration of UX Research Practices Into Agile Requirements Engineering: A Study in Software Industry L Ciscon, M de Oliveira, A Diniz, J Choma, L Zaina International Conference on Agile Software Development, 211-227 , 2026 2026
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MOST CITED SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
Assessing long-term user experience on a mobile health application through an in-app embedded conversation-based questionnaire D Biduski, EA Bellei, JPM Rodriguez, LAM Zaina, ACB De Marchi Computers in Human Behavior 104, 106169 , 2020 2020 Citations: 179
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UX information in the daily work of an agile team: A distributed cognition analysis LAM Zaina, H Sharp, L Barroca International journal of human-computer studies 147, 102574 , 2021 2021 Citations: 75
UserX story: Incorporating UX aspects into user stories elaboration J Choma, LAM Zaina, D Beraldo International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction, 131-140 , 2016 2016 Citations: 66
A design methodology for user-centered innovation in the software development area LAM Zaina, A Álvaro Journal of Systems and Software 110, 155-177 , 2015 2015 Citations: 62
e-lors: Uma abordagem para recomendacao de objetos de aprendizagem LAM Zaina, G Bressan, MAAC Cardieri, JFR Júnior Revista Brasileira de Informática na Educação 20 (1), 04 , 2012 2012 Citations: 58
Considering emotions and contextual factors in music recommendation: a systematic literature review WG Assuncao, LSG Piccolo, LAM Zaina Multimedia Tools and Applications 81 (6), 8367-8407 , 2022 2022 Citations: 57
UX work in software startups: A thematic analysis of the literature J Saad, S Martinelli, LS Machado, CRB De Souza, A Alvaro, L Zaina Information and Software Technology 140, 106688 , 2021 2021 Citations: 54
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Classification of learning profile based on categories of student preferences LAM Zaina, G Bressan 2008 38th Annual Frontiers in Education Conference, F4E-1-F4E-6 , 2008 2008 Citations: 36
Influences of UX factors in the Agile UX context of software startups J Choma, EM Guerra, A Alvaro, R Pereira, L Zaina Information and Software Technology 152, 107041 , 2022 2022 Citations: 35
UX work in software start-ups: challenges from the current state of practice SAM Silveira, J Choma, R Pereira, EM Guerra, LAM Zaina International Conference on Agile Software Development, 19-35 , 2021 2021 Citations: 34
Challenge-based learning for competency development in engineering education, a prisma-based systematic literature review A Leles, L Zaina, JR Cardoso IEEE Transactions on education 67 (5), 746-757 , 2024 2024 Citations: 29
Acompanhamento do aprendizado do aluno em cursos à distância através da Web: metodologias e ferramenta. LAM Zaina Universidade de São Paulo , 2002 2002 Citations: 29
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Towards an approach matching CMD and DSR to improve the Academia-Industry software development partnership: A case of agile and UX integration J Choma, LAM Zaina, TS Da Silva 2015 29th Brazilian Symposium on Software Engineering, 51-60 , 2015 2015 Citations: 23
Learning HCI from a Virtual Flipped Classroom: improving the students' experience in times of COVID-19 SR Martinelli, LAM Zaina Proceedings of the xx brazilian symposium on human factors in computing … , 2021 2021 Citations: 21
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Analysis and comparison of distance education environments LAM Zaina, G Bressan, RM Silveira, I Stiubiener, WV Ruggiero International Conference on Engineering Education, Oslo 7, 19-24 , 2001 2001 Citations: 21
