Oxygen sensing properties of room temperature phosphorescent halogenated hexahydroxanthene derivatives Mageshwari Anandan, Sohrab Nasiri, Praveen B. Managutti, Sharmarke Mohamed, Jean Michel Nunzi, Venkatramaiah Nutalapati, Yuning Li Materials Science and Engineering B, 2026 A series of halogenated hexahydroxanthene (XAN) derivatives, XAN-F, XAN-Cl, XAN-Br, XAN-I, and XAN-5F, were synthesized to investigate their room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) and optical oxygen-sensing performance. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction revealed that heavier halogens (Br and I) induce nearly orthogonal dihedral angles between the xanthene and phenyl rings (84.87° for XAN-Br and 86.18° for XAN-I), enhancing molecular rigidity and spin–orbit coupling (SOC). This structural configuration promotes efficient intersystem crossing (ISC) and suppresses nonradiative decay, enabling pronounced RTP. In contrast, XAN-Ph without halogen substitution displayed fluorescence, while derivatives bearing lighter halogens (F, Cl, and 5F) exhibited only low-temperature phosphorescence. Thin films of XAN-Br and XAN-I containing 1 wt% Zeonex displayed strong RTP with lifetimes up to 4.48 ms. They also showed exceptional ISC quantum yields (93.02 % for XAN-Br and 93.51 % for XAN-I) and large vacuum-to-air photoluminescence intensity ratios (14.67 and 15.33, respectively). These features translated to excellent oxygen sensitivity, with Stern-Volmer quenching constants (K sv ) of 6.08 × 10 −5 and 1.11 × 10 −4 ppm −1 for XAN-Br and XAN-I, respectively. This high oxygen sensitivity arises from efficient triplet–triplet energy transfer from the XAN's triplet excited state to ground-state triplet oxygen, leading to nonradiative quenching. With their metal-free composition, efficient RTP, excellent oxygen responsiveness, and good solution-processability into thin films, XAN-Br and XAN-I represent promising candidates for use in optical oxygen sensors for biomedical diagnostics, food preservation, and environmental monitoring. • Six halogenated xanthene derivatives are designed for optical oxygen sensing. • XAN-Br and XAN-I films exhibit RTP and strong sensitivity to oxygen. • High Stern–Volmer constant (K sv ) up to 1.11 × 10 −4 ppm −1 is achieved. • Emission color shifts from blue/green to white to enable visual detection. • Simple, metal-free synthesis supports low-cost oxygen sensor development.
Oxygen sensing properties of room temperature phosphorescent halogenated hexahydroxanthene derivatives M Anandan, S Nasiri, PB Managutti, S Mohamed, JM Nunzi, V Nutalapati, ... Materials Science and Engineering: B 324, 118997 , 2026 2026
Structural and optical properties of Sr3Gd(PO4)3: x Ho3 BC Jamalaiah, PS Khan, N Madhu, M Anandan, V Nutalapati, SK Jakka MATERIALS TODAY COMMUNICATIONS 49 , 2025 2025
Structural and optical properties of Sr3Gd (PO4) 3: xHo3+ single phased phosphors for photonic applications BC Jamalaiah, PS Khan, N Madhu, M Anandan, V Nutalapati, SK Jakka Materials Today Communications, 114069 , 2025 2025 Citations: 1
Triphenylamine-porphyrin conjugates as antenna modular systems towards the detection of 1-hexanol through surface photovoltage under UV and visible light illumination using the … P Palanisamy, M Anandan, S Sasi, A Bora, RP Reji, SKC Balaji, ... Sustainable Materials and Technologies 43, e01239 , 2025 2025 Citations: 4
Orthogonal effect of pyrene–porphyrin conjugates on the detection of volatile organic compounds under UV and visible light illumination through surface photovoltage P Palanisamy, M Anandan, S Sasi, A Bora, SKC Balaji, RP Reji, ... Materials Advances 6 (8), 2549-2561 , 2025 2025 Citations: 1
Biosensors for disease biomarker detections P Gawas, M Anandan, V Nutalapati Applications of Biosensors in Healthcare, 439-494 , 2025 2025
Antenna effect on Zn (II) porphyrin–based molecular ensembles for the detection of 2, 4-dinitrophenol through energy and electron transfer process P Palanisamy, M Anandan, G Raman, V Nutalapati Microchimica Acta 192 (1), 1 , 2025 2025 Citations: 5
Orthogonal and antenna effects on the chemosensing behaviour of porphyrins towards 2, 4, 6-trinitrophenol: Colour recognition and portable photodiode device P Palanisamy, M Anandan, HK Vikraman, G Raman, ... Journal of Luminescence 277, 120988 , 2025 2025 Citations: 2
High triplet hexahydroacridine derivatives as a host prevent exciton diffusion to adjacent layers in solution processed OLEDs M Anandan, S Kment, R Zboril, S Kalytchuk, G Janusas, PB Managutti, ... Organic Electronics 136, 107162 , 2025 2025 Citations: 5
Anthrapyrazolone functionalized Oligo (ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylates based fluorescent polymeric hydrogel for selective detection of Tetracycline drug G Sivakumar, A Babu, M Anandhan, V Nutalapati, S Maji European Polymer Journal 211, 113038 , 2024 2024 Citations: 4
Role of intermolecular charge transfer towards fluorometric detection of fluoride ions with anthrapyrazolone derivatives G Sivakumar, A Babu, A Das, M Anandhan, V Nutalapati, S Maji Materials Advances 5 (22), 8909-8918 , 2024 2024 Citations: 3
Design of smart polymeric sensor based on poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) and anthrapyrazolone derived fluorescent crosslinker for the detection of nitroaromatics in aqueous medium A Babu, G Sivakumar, M Anandan, P Adhya, T Akash, T Mondal, ... European Polymer Journal 200, 112527 , 2023 2023 Citations: 12
Metal‐Free, Photoredox‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Quinazolin‐4(3 H )‐ones and Benzo[4,5]imidazo[1,2‐ c ]quinazolines Using Trialkylamines as Alkyl Synthon A Arumugam, P Palani, M Anandan, V Nutalapati, GC Senadi European Journal of Organic Chemistry 26 (12), e202300100 , 2023 2023 Citations: 12
Design of fluorescent polymeric thermometers based on anthrapyrazolone functionalized oligo (ethylene glycol) methacrylates S Saravanan, A Babu, R Merckx, Z Zhong, M Anandan, V Nutalapati, ... Materials Chemistry Frontiers 7 (9), 1875-1885 , 2023 2023 Citations: 5
Visible Light‐Promoted Fluorescein/Ni‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Bis‐(β‐Dicarbonyls) using Olefins as a Methylene Bridge Synthon P Palani, A Arumugam, M Anandan, V Nutalapati, K Govindan, WY Lin, ... Asian Journal of Organic Chemistry 11 (10), e202200424 , 2022 2022 Citations: 2
MOST CITED SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
Design of smart polymeric sensor based on poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) and anthrapyrazolone derived fluorescent crosslinker for the detection of nitroaromatics in aqueous medium A Babu, G Sivakumar, M Anandan, P Adhya, T Akash, T Mondal, ... European Polymer Journal 200, 112527 , 2023 2023 Citations: 12
Metal‐Free, Photoredox‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Quinazolin‐4(3 H )‐ones and Benzo[4,5]imidazo[1,2‐ c ]quinazolines Using Trialkylamines as Alkyl Synthon A Arumugam, P Palani, M Anandan, V Nutalapati, GC Senadi European Journal of Organic Chemistry 26 (12), e202300100 , 2023 2023 Citations: 12
Antenna effect on Zn (II) porphyrin–based molecular ensembles for the detection of 2, 4-dinitrophenol through energy and electron transfer process P Palanisamy, M Anandan, G Raman, V Nutalapati Microchimica Acta 192 (1), 1 , 2025 2025 Citations: 5
High triplet hexahydroacridine derivatives as a host prevent exciton diffusion to adjacent layers in solution processed OLEDs M Anandan, S Kment, R Zboril, S Kalytchuk, G Janusas, PB Managutti, ... Organic Electronics 136, 107162 , 2025 2025 Citations: 5
Design of fluorescent polymeric thermometers based on anthrapyrazolone functionalized oligo (ethylene glycol) methacrylates S Saravanan, A Babu, R Merckx, Z Zhong, M Anandan, V Nutalapati, ... Materials Chemistry Frontiers 7 (9), 1875-1885 , 2023 2023 Citations: 5
Triphenylamine-porphyrin conjugates as antenna modular systems towards the detection of 1-hexanol through surface photovoltage under UV and visible light illumination using the … P Palanisamy, M Anandan, S Sasi, A Bora, RP Reji, SKC Balaji, ... Sustainable Materials and Technologies 43, e01239 , 2025 2025 Citations: 4
Anthrapyrazolone functionalized Oligo (ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylates based fluorescent polymeric hydrogel for selective detection of Tetracycline drug G Sivakumar, A Babu, M Anandhan, V Nutalapati, S Maji European Polymer Journal 211, 113038 , 2024 2024 Citations: 4
Role of intermolecular charge transfer towards fluorometric detection of fluoride ions with anthrapyrazolone derivatives G Sivakumar, A Babu, A Das, M Anandhan, V Nutalapati, S Maji Materials Advances 5 (22), 8909-8918 , 2024 2024 Citations: 3
Orthogonal and antenna effects on the chemosensing behaviour of porphyrins towards 2, 4, 6-trinitrophenol: Colour recognition and portable photodiode device P Palanisamy, M Anandan, HK Vikraman, G Raman, ... Journal of Luminescence 277, 120988 , 2025 2025 Citations: 2
Visible Light‐Promoted Fluorescein/Ni‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Bis‐(β‐Dicarbonyls) using Olefins as a Methylene Bridge Synthon P Palani, A Arumugam, M Anandan, V Nutalapati, K Govindan, WY Lin, ... Asian Journal of Organic Chemistry 11 (10), e202200424 , 2022 2022 Citations: 2
Structural and optical properties of Sr3Gd (PO4) 3: xHo3+ single phased phosphors for photonic applications BC Jamalaiah, PS Khan, N Madhu, M Anandan, V Nutalapati, SK Jakka Materials Today Communications, 114069 , 2025 2025 Citations: 1
Orthogonal effect of pyrene–porphyrin conjugates on the detection of volatile organic compounds under UV and visible light illumination through surface photovoltage P Palanisamy, M Anandan, S Sasi, A Bora, SKC Balaji, RP Reji, ... Materials Advances 6 (8), 2549-2561 , 2025 2025 Citations: 1
Oxygen sensing properties of room temperature phosphorescent halogenated hexahydroxanthene derivatives M Anandan, S Nasiri, PB Managutti, S Mohamed, JM Nunzi, V Nutalapati, ... Materials Science and Engineering: B 324, 118997 , 2026 2026
Structural and optical properties of Sr3Gd(PO4)3: x Ho3 BC Jamalaiah, PS Khan, N Madhu, M Anandan, V Nutalapati, SK Jakka MATERIALS TODAY COMMUNICATIONS 49 , 2025 2025
Biosensors for disease biomarker detections P Gawas, M Anandan, V Nutalapati Applications of Biosensors in Healthcare, 439-494 , 2025 2025
