Enhancing Energy Efficiency in IoT Via Cellular Network Integration Manoj Singh Adhikari, Ritika Gupta, Dharm Raj, Anil Kumar Sagar, Danish Ather, Amrit Kumar Agrawal Energy Efficient Internet of Things Based Wireless Sensor Network, 2026 IoT has been very innovative in the ways it has been used to change how humans go about their interactions with their surroundings. Oct 2016 Originally it was just an idea, and now, with the trend of seamless connectivity of devices, systems, and data, it has come forward to become an integral part of life. At the heart of this connected revolution is the Sphere of Cellular IoT, an extraordinary web of mobile and internet technologies that links cyber and physical landscapes. What Cellular IoT has brought forward is a myriad of applications including smart city management and industrial process control, healthcare system and agricultural management, and far beyond – proving that devices are getting smarter, data is becoming more open, and decisions are accelerating. On that note, this paper offers a detailed discussion on Cellular IoT based on the following subtopics: a) Cellular IoT technologies and architectural integration of cellular IoT with other IoT technologies; b) Security and privacy considerations unique with Cellular IoT; c) Communication interface that facilitates device-to-device communication; d) Recent developments in the era of 5G and Beyond-5G networks for cellular IoT.
Contextfuse: Advanced Container Security with Contextual Intelligence Pranav Bhandari, Sonia Setia, Krishan Kumar, Seema Shukla, Kunchanapaalli Rama Krishna, Dharm Raj International Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 2025 Container security became a particularly key problem with the widespread use of containerized architecture in organizations. Current ap-approaches typically focus on isolated security dimensions, creating gaps in detection and leading to both false positives and false negatives. This paper introduces ContextFuse, an integrated container security system that combines vulnerability assessment, behavioral analysis, and contextual intelligence to provide comprehensive security evaluation. ContextFuse implements a novel weighted consensus algorithm for vulnerability assessment, applies transfer learning for behavioral analysis, and uses a graph-based approach for modeling security relationships, while incorporating an adaptive learning framework that continuously improves based on feedback. Our evaluation using a dataset of 1,000 containers demonstrates significant improvements over existing security tools, with 51.8% higher accuracy, 4.2% higher precision, and 18.0% higher recall than baseline approaches. The system successfully identified 85% of simulated attacks with a false positive rate of only 10%, and improved security assessment accuracy from 70% to 85% after processing just 10 feedback instances. ContextFuse effectively identifies complex security risks that would be missed by conventional tools while providing explainable security scores and actionable recommendations, demonstrating that an integrated, context-aware approach can significantly improve container security practices.
Web security framework for vulnerability detection and policy enforcement Akshita Sharma, Astitva Bhardwaj, Dharm Raj, Amrit Kumar Agrawal, Murari Kumar Singh, Anil Kumar Sagar Enhancing Safety Security and Service in Organizations Communication Leadership and Performance, 2025 In an era, full of digital interactions and online connectivity, the importance of web security has become increasingly paramount. As our lives become more intertwined with the virtual realm, protecting sensitive data and countering cyber threats have gained unprecedented importance. Web security, comprising an extensive array of methods, tools, and tactics, can be used as the shield that can safeguard individuals and organizations against threats in the online domain. In this paper, we offer a concise yet comprehensive description of several attacks related to the web, the array of tools and techniques to tackle them, and the latest innovations in security measures. The paper delves into detail about different kinds of attacks from cross-site scripting to SQL injections, and therefore, customized defenses are imperative. Further, the paper discusses several tools and techniques that can be used to keep web services secure. Finally, the paper provides a peep into the future with insight into recent advancements in security mechanisms.
Exploring the Vulnerabilities and Risks in Assessing Internet of Things (IoT) Devices: A Comprehensive Analysis and Proposed Solutions Luis Cambosuela, Dharm Raj, Rani Astya, Anil kumar Sagar, Parma Nand 2025 International Conference on Networks and Cryptology Netcrypt 2025, 2025 In the past couple of decades, The researchershave witnessed revolutionary growth in the Internet of Things (IoT), specifically in smart devices that make the human world full of sensors in all aspects of everyday life. Furthermore, in addition to regular household electronics, multiple devices and services are connected remotely to enhance a specific service's capabilities or make it smart. Even though the ongoing highlights the value and potential of IoT, the dark side reveals that these devices are also weak points in the network, which can be exploited for malicious activities. The major challenge faced in enhancing the capabilities of IoT is the use of limited hardware that makes it harder to incorporate any security design provisions. Furthermore, involving security may not only increase costs, but some limitations demand trade-offs, making the device vulnerable. Data breaches and the privacy of data are two major concerns that are being raised widely today.
Smart Contract-Based Crowdfunding: Ensuring Security and Transparency with Ethereum Abhinav Singh, Pranjal Tripathi, Nishant Gupta, Dharm Raj, Archana Sar 2025 International Conference on Networks and Cryptology Netcrypt 2025, 2025 This paper introduces a crowdfunding platform that enhances the security and transparency of fundraising activities by leveraging Ethereum's blockchain technology. The system uses contracts based on Solidity to create a decentralized space, for setting up campaigns and receiving donations securely online. By recording donations in the blockchain and allowing refunds if fundraising goals are not reached the smart contract ensures accountability and safely manages transferring funds to campaign organizers. In contrast to traditional crowdfunding websites this platform provides transaction fees and enhanced transparency, making it easier for people worldwide, from various backgrounds to participate in the system. The design of the platform tackles problems such as, transaction costs and limited user autonomy that are common, in traditional crowdfunding approaches. Showcasing how blockchain technology can offer a fairer and more decentralized option.
An Evaluation of BCI-Based Communication Systems for Locked-In Syndrome Patients Deepayan Thakur, Avni Nehru, Yash Chauhan, Amrit Kumar Agrawal, Dharm Raj Jaiswal 2025 IEEE 7th International Conference on Computing Communication and Automation Iccca 2025, 2025 Brain Computer Interfaces (BCIs) are disruptive technologies that enable communication between brain and external devices by providing alternative assisting means for patients with serious motor impairments (e.g., for the patients in state of Locked-In Syndrome, LIS). In this review, we give an overview of BCI studies from classical BCI paradigims (Motor imagery (MI), P300, SSVEP) to modern hybrid BCIs that integrate Electroencephalography (EEG) with other modalities (EMG, pupillometry, affective computing). The reviewed works improve the classification accuracy, robustness and information transfer rates by using deep learning architectures (e.g., CNNs, LSTMs, 3D-CNNs), transfer learning methods, synthetic data generation and adaptive frameworks such as SessionNet and SRLS. We believe that hybrid BCIs have the potential to overcome the weakness of single-modality BCIs, i.e., low signal reliability and narrow communication channels, by improving signal reliability and enriching communication channels. There are still many challenges to be further explored, such as inter-subject variability, small dataset, longitudinal validation in healthy subjects as well as LIS/CLIS population, and the existence of cognitive integrity in advanced stages of motor impairment. By summarizing above findings from 28 representative works, we conclude that hybrid BCIs should be developed towards a convergence of multimodal sensing, intelligent algorithm and patient-centred design to simultaneously achieve technical development and clinical application.
Tank water flow automation Aniketh Santhan, Aaditya Kumar Tomar, Vikalp Arora, Dharm Raj Artificial Intelligence Blockchain Computing and Security Proceedings of the International Conference on Artificial Intelligence Blockchain Computing and Security Icabcs 2023, 2024
A review on malicious link detection techniques Ashim Chaudhary, K.C. Krishna, Md Shadik, Dharm Raj Artificial Intelligence Blockchain Computing and Security Proceedings of the International Conference on Artificial Intelligence Blockchain Computing and Security Icabcs 2023, 2024
An Exploration on Big Data Analytical Techniques: A Review Abhinav Prajapati, Ayush Gupta, Sanskar Mishra, Dharm Raj, Murari Kumar Singh, Mayank Kumar Goyal Proceedings of the 18th Indiacom 2024 11th International Conference on Computing for Sustainable Global Development Indiacom 2024, 2024
Enhancing Toxic Comment Detection with BiLSTM-Based Deep Learning Model Naitik, Dharm Raj, D. Karthick Rajan, Ajay Kumar Gupta, Amrit Kumar Agrawal, Kunchanapaalli Rama Krishna Proceedings International Conference on Information Science and Communications Technologies Applications Trends and Opportunities Icisct 2024, 2024
Adversarial Attacks on Neural Networks Pranjal, Vaishnavi, Divyansh, Dharm Raj, Vishal Jain, Ambuj Kumar Agarwal Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, 2024
Software Defect Prediction using Machine Learning Proceedings of the 17th Indiacom 2023 10th International Conference on Computing for Sustainable Global Development Indiacom 2023, 2023
Tank water flow automation Aniketh Santhan, Aaditya Kumar Tomar, Vikalp Arora, Dharm Raj Artificial Intelligence Blockchain Computing and Security Volume 1, 2023
A Multilingual Text to Speech Engine Hindi-English: Hinglish Swati Dhoundiyal, Akshat Arora, Simran Mohakud, Kartik Patadia, Ajay Kumar Gupta, Dharm Raj Proceedings of the 2023 12th International Conference on System Modeling and Advancement in Research Trends Smart 2023, 2023
Quantum cryptography-A modern approach Salabh Rai, Ayush Kumar Upadhyay, Divyank Sharma, Dharm Raj, Ajay Kumar Gupta, Danish Ather Journal of Discrete Mathematical Sciences and Cryptography, 2023
Digital watermarking using spatial domain and triple des Proceedings of the 10th Indiacom 2016 3rd International Conference on Computing for Sustainable Global Development Indiacom 2016, 2016
Method for generating 3-dimensional wireframe model from different 2-dimensional drawings Niss2010 4th International Conference on New Trends in Information Science and Service Science, 2010
RECENT SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
Enhancing Energy Efficiency in IoT Via Cellular Network Integration MS Adhikari, R Gupta, D Raj, AK Sagar, D Ather, AK Agrawal Energy Efficient Internet of Things‐Based Wireless Sensor Network, 91-133 , 2026 2026
Web Security Framework for Vulnerability Detection and Policy Enforcement A Sharma, A Bhardwaj, D Raj, AK Agrawal, MK Singh, AK Sagar Enhancing Safety, Security, and Service in Organizations: Communication … , 2026 2026 Citations: 1
Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation in Elastic Optical Networks Using Reinforcement Learning AK Agarwal, H Kaur, N Rakesh, KR Krishna, BK Dewangan, D Raj 2025 Optical Communication, Photonics, Telecommunications, and Intelligent … , 2025 2025
An Evaluation of BCI-Based Communication Systems for Locked-In Syndrome Patients D Thakur, A Nehru, Y Chauhan, AK Agrawal, DR Jaiswal 2025 IEEE 7th International Conference on Computing, Communication and … , 2025 2025 Citations: 1
A Systematic Review of Container Security: Threats, Vulnerabilities, and Defense Mechanisms P Bhandari, S Setia, K Kumar, KR Krishna, D Raj 2025 IEEE 7th International Conference on Computing, Communication and … , 2025 2025
Optimizing Vertical Handover Using Multi-Criteria Decision Making in Heterogeneous Networks D Raj, AK Sagar, D Ather Journal of Information Technology Management 17 (Special Issue on SI … , 2025 2025 Citations: 13
Smart Medicine Vending Machines Using Arduino: AA Comprehensive Analysis of Current Technologies and Future Directions A Gupta, S Sinha, D Raj, AK Agrawal, AK Sagar 2025 International Conference on Networks and Cryptology (NETCRYPT), 234-239 , 2025 2025 Citations: 1
Smart Contract-Based Crowdfunding: Ensuring Security and Transparency with Ethereum A Singh, P Tripathi, N Gupta, D Raj, A Sar 2025 International Conference on Networks and Cryptology (NETCRYPT), 1399-1404 , 2025 2025 Citations: 1
Secure Demand and Price Prediction Model for Ride Hailing Apps Using User Encrypted Data S Rai, AK Upadhyay, M Sah, N Gupta, M Singh, D Raj 2025 International Conference on Networks and Cryptology (NETCRYPT), 1753-1758 , 2025 2025
Electronic healthcare data sharing application based on hyperledger consortium blockchain network AK Gupta, D Raj, YK Sharma, A Sharma, MK Singh, AK Agrawal 2025 International Conference on Networks and Cryptology (NETCRYPT), 1405-1410 , 2025 2025 Citations: 1
Exploring the Vulnerabilities and Risks in Assessing Internet of Things (IoT) Devices: A Comprehensive Analysis and Proposed Solutions L Cambosuela, D Raj, R Astya, A kumar Sagar, P Nand 2025 International Conference on Networks and Cryptology (NETCRYPT), 240-246 , 2025 2025
Optimized Channel Allocation Algorithm for Performance Enhancement in Heterogeneous Networks D Raj, AK Sagar, D Ather MATRIX Academic International Online Journal Of Engineering And Technology 8 … , 2025 2025 Citations: 6
Event Management System Using Spatial and Event Attribute Information S Setia, K Anjli, U Bisht, Jyoti, D Raj SN Computer Science 6 (3), 290 , 2025 2025 Citations: 3
Secure and Efficient Integration of Blockchain, Digital Twins, and Metaverse for Real-Time Asset Management MK Singh, K Pal, LC Reddy, AS Verma, D Raj 2025 3rd International Conference on Disruptive Technologies (ICDT), 25-29 , 2025 2025 Citations: 2
Eat smart app for preventing IgE-mediated food triggers in patients using auto ML A Kumar, A Shameem, D Raj, R Astya, V Jain, AK Sagar Intelligent Computing and Communication Techniques, 686-693 , 2025 2025
An efficient caffe model based multiple object detection and recognition system using R-CNN S Walia, S Singh, J Mor, D Raj, V Jain, KR Krishna Intelligent Computing and Communication Techniques, 678-685 , 2025 2025
E-health transforming healthcare delivery with AI, blockchain, and cloud R Singhal, V Jain, D Raj Harnessing AI, Blockchain, and Cloud Computing for Enhanced e-Government … , 2025 2025 Citations: 6
Dynamic and scalable privacy-preserving group data sharing in secure cloud computing A Bhardwaj, A Sharma, D Raj, D Ather, AK Sagar, V Jain Advanced Cyber Security Techniques for Data, Blockchain, IoT, and Network … , 2025 2025 Citations: 12
Advancing vehicular ad-hoc network solutions in emerging economies: A comparative analysis of v2v protocols through simulation studies D Raj, D Ather, AK Sagar SN Computer Science 5 (8), 1077 , 2024 2024 Citations: 19
Banana Crop Health: A Deep Learning-Based Model for Disease Detection and Classification S Singh, P Prakash, G Baghel, A Singh, D Raj, AK Agrawal 2024 27th International Symposium on Wireless Personal Multimedia … , 2024 2024 Citations: 6
MOST CITED SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
Fraud detection using machine learning and deep learning A Gandhar, K Gupta, AK Pandey, D Raj SN Computer Science 5 (5), 453 , 2024 2024 Citations: 58
Analysis of environmental factors for smart farming: An internet of things based approach AK Agarwal, D Ather, R Astya, D Parygin, A Garg, D Raj 2021 10th International Conference on System Modeling & Advancement in … , 2021 2021 Citations: 40
Temperature based automatic fan speed control system using Arduino A Jain, A Sarkar, D Ather, D Raj Proceedings of the Advancement in Electronics & Communication Engineering , 2022 2022 Citations: 31
Advancing vehicular ad-hoc network solutions in emerging economies: A comparative analysis of v2v protocols through simulation studies D Raj, D Ather, AK Sagar SN Computer Science 5 (8), 1077 , 2024 2024 Citations: 19
Kidney stone detection using ultrasound images T Borges, A Rai, D Raj, D Ather, K Gupta Proceedings of the Advancement in Electronics & Communication Engineering , 2022 2022 Citations: 18
Software Defect Prediction using Machine Learning SA Ali, NR Roy, D Raj 2023 10th International Conference on Computing for Sustainable Global … , 2023 2023 Citations: 14
Optimizing Vertical Handover Using Multi-Criteria Decision Making in Heterogeneous Networks D Raj, AK Sagar, D Ather Journal of Information Technology Management 17 (Special Issue on SI … , 2025 2025 Citations: 13
Dynamic and scalable privacy-preserving group data sharing in secure cloud computing A Bhardwaj, A Sharma, D Raj, D Ather, AK Sagar, V Jain Advanced Cyber Security Techniques for Data, Blockchain, IoT, and Network … , 2025 2025 Citations: 12
A contemporary approach to hybrid expert systems case base reasoning S Kumar, D Raj 2010 International Conference on Computer and Communication Technology … , 2010 2010 Citations: 11
Digital watermarking using spatial domain and triple DES M Srivastava, HM Singh, M Gupta, D Raj 2016 3rd International Conference on Computing for Sustainable Global … , 2016 2016 Citations: 10
Blockchain in Web3. 0 R Gupta, MS Adhikari, D Raj, V Jain, AK Sagar, D Ather Blockchain-Based Solutions for Accessibility in Smart Cities, 171-204 , 2024 2024 Citations: 9
A review on malicious link detection techniques A Chaudhary, KC Krishna, M Shadik, D Raj Artificial Intelligence, Blockchain, Computing and Security Volume 1, 768-777 , 2023 2023 Citations: 8
Vehicular ad-hoc networks: a review on applications and security D Raj, AK Sagar International Conference on Advanced Communication and Intelligent Systems … , 2023 2023 Citations: 8
Detection of Phishing Link Using Different Machine Learning Techniques A Chaudhary, KC Krishna, M Shadik, D Raj International Conference on Recent Developments in Cyber Security, 63-77 , 2023 2023 Citations: 7
Optimized Channel Allocation Algorithm for Performance Enhancement in Heterogeneous Networks D Raj, AK Sagar, D Ather MATRIX Academic International Online Journal Of Engineering And Technology 8 … , 2025 2025 Citations: 6
E-health transforming healthcare delivery with AI, blockchain, and cloud R Singhal, V Jain, D Raj Harnessing AI, Blockchain, and Cloud Computing for Enhanced e-Government … , 2025 2025 Citations: 6
Banana Crop Health: A Deep Learning-Based Model for Disease Detection and Classification S Singh, P Prakash, G Baghel, A Singh, D Raj, AK Agrawal 2024 27th International Symposium on Wireless Personal Multimedia … , 2024 2024 Citations: 6
Enhancing Toxic Comment Detection with BiLSTM-Based Deep Learning Model D Raj, DK Rajan, AK Gupta, AK Agrawal, KR Krishna 2024 International Conference on Information Science and Communications … , 2024 2024 Citations: 6
An Exploration on Big Data Analytical Techniques: A Review A Prajapati, A Gupta, S Mishra, D Raj, MK Singh, MK Goyal 2024 11th International Conference on Computing for Sustainable Global … , 2024 2024 Citations: 6
Quantum cryptography - A modern approach DA Salabh Rai, Ayush Kumar Upadhyay, Divyank Sharma, Dharm Raj*, Ajay Kumar ... Journal of Discrete Mathematical Sciences and Cryptography 26 (7) , 2023 2023 Citations: 6
