Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, 71524 Assiut, Egypt. Al–Azhar university Faculty of science (71524) Assiut Branch. Egypt
My scientific interest is biomonitoring of environmental pollution using bioindicator organisms, in both field and via experimental assy. Also, collection, identification, fixation, and preservation of aquatic and terrestrial specimens. Determination of physicochemical properties of ecosystem. Laboratory techniques for some histopathological studies, genotoxicity, biochemical tests as biomarkers to assess the pollution status in the environment, and biodiversity and climate change
EDUCATION
1. B.Sc. in Marine Biology 2002, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, 71524 Assiut, Egypt.
2. M.Sc. in Marine Biology 2009 (Invertebrates) , Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, 71524 Assiut, Egypt.
3. Ph.D. in environmental pollution 2013, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, 71524 Assiut, Egypt.
RESEARCH, TEACHING, or OTHER INTERESTS
Environmental Science, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Aquatic Science, Ecology
Ecotoxicological Impacts of Perfluorooctane Sulfonate on the Freshwater Snail Lanistes carinatus: Oxidative Stress, Neurotoxicity, and Histopathological Alterations Mohamed Hamed, Mohammed Abdel-Wahab, Rashad E. M. Said, Alaa El-Din H. Sayed International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2025 Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), which is known for its environmental persistence and bioaccumulation, poses substantial impacts to aquatic ecosystems. This study assesses the toxic effects of PFOS in the freshwater snail Lanistes carinatus using biomarkers for antioxidant activity, neurotoxicity, and tissue damage. Snails exposed to PFOS (1, 3, 10 mg/L for 14 days) displayed lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels that increased by 16.3–67.5%, and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels that rose by 10.0–58.4%, indicating oxidative damage. Enzyme activities for glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and catalase (CAT) increased, ranging from 10.0 to 58.3%, 10.0 to 58.4%, and 10.0 to 58.4%, respectively, whereas levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) dropped by 15.0–41.5% and Superoxide dismutase (SOD) decreased by 15.0–41.4%. The activity of acetylcholinesterase (AchE) was reduced by a range of 15.0–40.0%, suggesting neurotoxic effects. Histopathological changes in the digestive gland were also noted. Further research on the effects of PFOS on mollusks is required, and investigation into sex-specific toxicity is needed. This shed light on L. carinatus as a sentinel species, providing helpful information for the monitoring and regulation of PFOS in aquatic environments.
Impact of Polyonchobothrium magnum on health and gut microbial ecology of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus): Insights from morphological, molecular, and microbiological analyses Alamira Marzouk Fouad, Haitham G. Abo‐Al‐Ela, Eman A. Negm, Maha Abdelhaseib, Abdallah Alian, et al. Journal of Fish Diseases, 2025 Parasites pose significant challenges to aquaculture and fisheries industries. Our study focuses on the Polyonchobothrium magnum and African catfish to address a potential health issue in aquaculture, explore host–parasite interactions that can help develop effective management practices to ensure fish health and industry sustainability. P. magnum was isolated from the stomach of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) as the primary site of infection, with a prevalence of 10%. Most affected fish were heavily infected (8 out of 10). Infection was confirmed by sequencing the PCR‐targeted region of the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide dehydrogenase subunit 1 (ND1) gene, along with light and scanning electron microscopes. The parasite had an elongated scolex with deep bothria, a prominent apical disc wider than the scolex itself, and a four‐lobed appearance. The scolex contained a central rostellum divided into two semicircles, bearing 26–30 hooks, with an average of 28. The apical disc had large hooks arranged in four quadrants, with 6–8 hooks each, averaging 7 per quadrant. No neck was observed. Phylogenetic analysis of our sequence showed a 100% match with isolates from Guangzhou, China. In infected fish, the anterior kidney showed increased expression levels of nuclear factor kappa B and lysozyme, but decreased levels of in major histocompatibility complex antigen II. Plasma analysis revealed a significant drop in superoxide dismutase, a rise in interleukin‐1 beta, and lower IgM levels compared to non‐infected controls. Non‐infected fish displayed greater gut microbiota diversity, with dominant families including Moraxellaceae, Enterobacteriaceae, Fusobacteriaceae, and Caulobacteraceae, and prevalent genera such as Acinetobacter, Cetobacterium, and Brevundimonas. In contrast, infected fish exhibited very low diversity, with significantly higher proportions of Enterobacteriaceae (45.99%) and Aeromonadaceae (41.79%) compared to non‐infected fish, which had 13.76% and 3.64% respectively. Cetobacterium somerae was prevalent in non‐infected fish, while infected fish harboured Aeromonas fluvialis, Plesiomonas shigelloides, and Gallaecimonas xiamenensis. Overall, P. magnum disrupted the immune status and gut microbiota of the host, thereby impacting its health.
Exploring the Coexposure Effects of Pyrogallol and Microplastic on the Red Swamp Crayfish Procambarus clarkii Rashad E. M. Said, Mohamed Hamed, Walaa M. Shaalan, Heba Allah M. Elbaghdady, Alaa El-Din H. Sayed Aquaculture Research, 2025 Investigating the impact of two or more toxic chemicals on aquatic organisms is one of the main objectives of toxicological research. Microplastics (MPs) are identified as a carrier or vector for other pollutants. Therefore, the current study investigated the effects of both pyrogallol (PG) and MPs, individually and in combination, on freshwater crayfish (Procambarus clarkii). Following a 15‐day exposure to 10 mg/L of PG and100 mg/L MPs and their combination (10 mg/L PG + 100 mg/L MPs), the hemocyte count, hepatopancreatic parameters, antioxidant variables, and histopathological markers were all assessed in the crayfish. The results revealed that PG and MPs potentially individually or combined altered the hemocyte count (including granular and semigranular) compared to control group (0.001 ≥ p < 0.0001). The levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and protein showed significant elevation (p < 0.05) in PG–MP‐exposed fish compared to control ones. In comparison to control P. clarkii, the measured oxidation indicators, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC), showed a significant reduction after single exposure to PG and MPs (0.001 > p < 0.0001), while catalase (CAT) and malondialdehyde (MDA) elevated drastically (0.05 > p < 0.0001). The histology of the hepatopancreas has shown many deformities and abnormalities after individual or combined toxicity, such as vacuolations, degraded hepatopancreatic tubules, eosinophilic deposits, hemocytic infiltrations, and aberrant tubules. Accordingly, there is a synergistic relationship between PG and MP toxicity to crayfish. Therefore, it is crucial to routinely check and assess the discharge of waste into waterways.
Seasonal variations of some heavy metal concentrations in seawater, sediment, and the surf clam, Mactra olorina (Philippi, 1846) in the Great Bitter Lake, Suez Canal, Egypt Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries, 2022
Toxic effects of MPs and Up Grade® herbicide on the Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus): Oxidative stress, immune responses, and histopathological investigations REM Said, AEA Badrey, M Hamed, IA Mohamed, HAM Soliman, ... 2026
Developmental and Neurobehavioural Toxicity of Per-and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Aquatic Organisms: Mechanistic Insights from Molecular Disruption to Behavioural Dysfunction M Hamed, M Abbas, AKMM Hasan, SM Kteeba, H Taher, M Abdel-Wahab, ... Aquatic Toxicology, 107719 , 2026 2026
Interactive effects of black sand and heat stress on coral reefs at red Sea, Egypt AEDH Sayed, MY Omer, A Farrag, REM Said, HAM Soliman, Z Bakr, ... Marine Pollution Bulletin 222, 118601 , 2026 2026 Citations: 3
Resilient reefs in crisis: A 25-year synthesis of coral reef change, stressors, and conservation in Egyptian Red Sea coasts MHM Mohammed, REM Said, A Mahdy Archives of Agriculture Sciences Journal 8 (3), 112-138 , 2025 2025
Botanical remedies ameliorate oxidative stress, immune response, and histopathology in Clarias gariepinus exposed to pyrogallol M Hamed, REM Said, MH Kotob, AEDH Sayed Environmental Pollution 382, 126628 , 2025 2025 Citations: 2
Ecotoxicological Impacts of Perfluorooctane Sulfonate on the Freshwater Snail Lanistes carinatus : Oxidative Stress, Neurotoxicity, and Histopathological Alterations M Hamed, M Abdel-Wahab, REM Said, AEDH Sayed International Journal of Molecular Sciences 26 (18), 8898 , 2025 2025 Citations: 1
Impact of Polyonchobothrium magnum on health and gut microbial ecology of African catfish ( Clarias gariepinus ): Insights from morphological, molecular, and … AM Fouad, HG Abo‐Al‐Ela, EA Negm, M Abdelhaseib, A Alian, ... Journal of Fish Diseases 48 (9), e14013 , 2025 2025 Citations: 3
Immunological, neurological, and intestinal changes in red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) exposed to the combined toxicity of Pyrogallol and microplastics M Hamed, REM Said, WM Shaalan, HAM Elbaghdady, AEDH Sayed Marine pollution bulletin 213, 117641 , 2025 2025 Citations: 20
Exploring the Coexposure Effects of Pyrogallol and Microplastic on the Red Swamp Crayfish Procambarus clarkii REM Said, M Hamed, WM Shaalan, HAM Elbaghdady, AEDH Sayed Aquaculture Research 2025 (1), 6084150 , 2025 2025 Citations: 10
UV-A-induced oxidative stress and immunotoxicity in African catfish ( Clarias gariepinus ): the bioremediation potential of Spirulina platensis for aquaculture M Hamed, CE Monteiro, REM Said, MA Abdel-Maksoud, TN Almanaa, ... Aquaculture International 33 (1), 45 , 2025 2025 Citations: 6
Impacts of climate change and black sand on Red Sea, Egypt. A comprehensive review M Hamed, MA Khaled, REM Said, M Abd El-Aal, SM Ghoneim, MY Omer, ... Regional Studies in Marine Science 78, 103787 , 2024 2024 Citations: 8
Patterns distribution, concentrations and sources of radioactive elements from black sand in the Red Sea coast, Egypt M Hamed, MA Khaled, REM Said, SM Ghoneim, E Saad, M Abd El-Aal, ... Journal of Hazardous Materials 480, 136051 , 2024 2024 Citations: 8
DNA barcoding for different egyptian and qatari common snappers reveals unexpected cryptic lineages in the blackspot snapper Lutjanus ehrenbergii A Galal-Khallaf, AI Elberri, HE Hasieb, REM Said, E Mohammed-AbdAllah, ... Marine Biodiversity 54 (6), 85 , 2024 2024 Citations: 2
Impact of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons on the Ovary of Clarias gariepinus in Two Canals of Al-Minufiya Governorate, Egypt. N Khttab, HMM Khalaf-Allah, WTS Shalaby, REM Said Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology & Fisheries 28 (6) , 2024 2024 Citations: 1
Evaluation of the Impact of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons on the Liver and Kidney of Clarias gariepinus Inhabiting Two Nile Delta Canals, Egypt. N Khattab, WTS Shalaby, HMM Khalaf-Allah, REM Said Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology & Fisheries 28 (6) , 2024 2024 Citations: 1
Black sand nanoparticles and heat stress impacts the neurological and oxidative stress indices and splenic-renal histology of Clarias gariepinus AEDH Sayed, REM Said, MA El-Aal, E Saad, WA Kamel, M Hamed Scientific Reports 14 (1), 21993 , 2024 2024 Citations: 11
Effects of dietary supplementation with Bacillus velezensis on the growth performance, body composition, antioxidant, immune-related gene expression, and histology of … AEM Abdelsamad, REM Said, M Assas, AY Gaafar, AH Hamouda, ... BMC Veterinary Research 20 (1), 368 , 2024 2024 Citations: 23
Neurotoxic and cardiotoxic effects of pyrogallol on catfish (Clarias gariepinus) M Hamed, CJ Martyniuk, HAM Soliman, AGM Osman, REM Said Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology 109, 104481 , 2024 2024 Citations: 14
Age and Growth of the Blackspot Snapper Lutjanus ehrenbergii (Family: Lutjanidae), from the Red Sea and the Arabian Gulf. HE Hasieb, E Mohammed-AbdAllah, REM Said, AGM Osman Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology & Fisheries 28 (4) , 2024 2024 Citations: 3
Status of the sea urchin, Diadema setosum (Echinodermata, Echinoidea, Diadematidae) along the Egyptian Red Sea coasts A Ghallab, REM Said, A Mahdy Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries 28 (4), 647-655 , 2024 2024 Citations: 5
MOST CITED SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
Amphibians as bioindicators of the health of some wetlands in Ethiopia S Saber, W Tito, R Said, S Mengistou, A Alqahtani The Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine 66 (1), 66-73 , 2017 2017 Citations: 67
Exposure to pyrogallol impacts the hemato-biochemical endpoints in catfish (Clarias gariepinus) M Hamed, CJ Martyniuk, REM Said, HAM Soliman, AEA Badrey, ... Environmental Pollution 333, 122074 , 2023 2023 Citations: 36
Oxidative stress, antioxidant defense responses, and histopathology: Biomarkers for monitoring exposure to pyrogallol in Clarias gariepinus M Hamed, HAM Soliman, REM Said, CJ Martyniuk, AGM Osman, ... Journal of Environmental Management 351, 119845 , 2024 2024 Citations: 33
Immunotoxicological, histopathological, and ultrastructural effects of waterborne pyrogallol exposure on African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) M Hamed, REM Said, HAM Soliman, AGM Osman, CJ Martyniuk Chemosphere 349, 140792 , 2024 2024 Citations: 27
Analysis of SST and Chl-a data from MODIS-Aqua in the Major Egyptian Fishing Zones of the Red Sea MA Khaled, FH Al-Jamali, REM Said, AS Mohammad, MH Ahmed, ... Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Research 49 (4), 520-529 , 2023 2023 Citations: 27
First record of red-tide in Elba protectorate coast using Sentinel-3 and its impacts on ecosystem A Mahdy, REM Said, MA Khaled, AA Abdelsalam The Egyptian Journal of Remote Sensing and Space Sciences 25 (3), 803-813 , 2022 2022 Citations: 26
Effects of dietary supplementation with Bacillus velezensis on the growth performance, body composition, antioxidant, immune-related gene expression, and histology of … AEM Abdelsamad, REM Said, M Assas, AY Gaafar, AH Hamouda, ... BMC Veterinary Research 20 (1), 368 , 2024 2024 Citations: 23
Haematological, serological and genotoxic findings in the African catfish Clarias gariepinus after the administration of copper nanoparticles and penconazole AG Osman EC Vet. Sci 4, 01-14 , 2019 2019 Citations: 21
Immunological, neurological, and intestinal changes in red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) exposed to the combined toxicity of Pyrogallol and microplastics M Hamed, REM Said, WM Shaalan, HAM Elbaghdady, AEDH Sayed Marine pollution bulletin 213, 117641 , 2025 2025 Citations: 20
Using remote sensing and geographic Information system to assess the status of the nesting habitat of hawksbill turtles (Eretmochelys imbricata): At Big Giftun Island, Red Sea … SB El Kafrawy, REM Said, SA Saber, MA Soliman, NM Al Attar The Egyptian Journal of Remote Sensing and Space Science 23 (1), 77-87 , 2020 2020 Citations: 18
Reproductive and endocrine-disrupting toxicity of pyrogallol in catfish (Clarias gariepinus) M Hamed, REM Said, CJ Martyniuk, HAM Soliman, AEDH Sayed, ... Environmental Pollution 352, 124104 , 2024 2024 Citations: 16
Regional variability in remotely sensed data with respect to the distribution of some snapper fishes (Family: Lutjanidae) between the Red Sea and the Arabian Gulf REM Said, HE Hasieb, MA Khaled, E Mohammed-AbdAllah, AGM Osman Scientific African 23, e02104 , 2024 2024 Citations: 16
The efficiency of Sclerophrys regularis as a bioindicator N Khattab, S Saber, B El-Salkh, R Said Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, B. Zoology 13 (1), 91-101 , 2021 2021 Citations: 16
The first record of the lessepsian migrant Pteragogus trispilus Randall 2013 (Osteichthyes: Labridae) off the Libyan coast, east Mediterranean Sea A Fitori, A Mahdy, REM Said, A Al-Faturi Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Research 47 (4), 381-385 , 2021 2021 Citations: 15
Genotoxicity and limbs asymmetry in the Egyptian toad (Sclerophrys regularis) as biomarkers for heavy metals toxicity K MA Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries 25 (4), 705-717 , 2021 2021 Citations: 15
Neurotoxic and cardiotoxic effects of pyrogallol on catfish (Clarias gariepinus) M Hamed, CJ Martyniuk, HAM Soliman, AGM Osman, REM Said Environmental Toxicology and Pharmacology 109, 104481 , 2024 2024 Citations: 14
Biomarker responses in Sclerophrys regularis (Anura: Bufonidae) exposed to atrazine and nitrate RESM Said, AS Said, SAL Saber, BAEA ElSalkh Pollution 8 (4), 1387-1397 , 2022 2022 Citations: 13
Efficiency of polychaete Nereis (Neanthes) succinea as biomonitor for heavy metals pollution in the Red Sea, Egypt RE Said, AT AbdAllah, MA Mostafa, NA El-Shimy Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences 2 (1), 18-23 , 2017 2017 Citations: 13
Limbs asymmetry as biomarker in the Egyptian toad Amietophrynus regularis Exposed to Atrazine and Nitrates SA Saber, BA El Salkh, AS Said, REM Said, AG Gadel-Rab Inter. J. Ecotoxicol. Ecobiol 1 (3), 103-110 , 2016 2016 Citations: 12
Black sand nanoparticles and heat stress impacts the neurological and oxidative stress indices and splenic-renal histology of Clarias gariepinus AEDH Sayed, REM Said, MA El-Aal, E Saad, WA Kamel, M Hamed Scientific Reports 14 (1), 21993 , 2024 2024 Citations: 11