Performance Evaluation of Nanoparticle Dispersed Phase Change Material Charging in Thermal Energy Storage System Featuring Longitudinal Fins Ammar M. Abdulateef, M. A. H. Mithu, Mohammed A. Karim, Hakeem Niyas, Jasim Abdulateef Heat Transfer, 2026 Enhancing heat transfer during the charging process of latent heat thermal energy storage (LHTES) systems remains a critical challenge due to the low thermal conductivity of phase change materials. This study presents an experimental and numerical investigation of a finned LHTES unit employing paraffin RT82 enhanced with 0–10 vol.% Al 2 O 3 nanoparticles. Longitudinal fins and multiple heating configurations were examined to elucidate their effects on conduction‐ and convection‐dominated heat transfer during melting. A transient enthalpy–porosity model was developed and validated against experimental data, with temperature deviations remaining within 3%. Dual‐sided heating provided the most uniform thermal distribution, achieving complete melting within 4 h at an HTF inlet temperature of 90°C and a mass flow rate of 37.5 kg/min. The dispersion of Al 2 O 3 nanoparticles increased the effective thermal conductivity of the PCM to 0.265 W/m·K at 10 vol.%, accelerating heat diffusion and reducing charging time, particularly under external and dual‐sided heating. Axial temperature measurements revealed reduced thermal gradients due to the combined effects of fin‐assisted conduction and nano‐enhanced heat transport. Under transient HTF inlet conditions, optimal thermal response occurred at a flow rate of 29.4 kg/min, reflecting a balance between convective transport and residence time. A nearly constant HTF inlet–outlet temperature difference during melting indicated stable latent heat absorption. The analysis is limited to charging behavior under controlled conditions. Uncertainty analysis confirmed high measurement reliability, with onset and peak melting temperatures of 70.13°C ± 0.15°C and 82.18°C ± 0.05°C, respectively.
Investigating the Performance Enhancement of Thermal Storage Using Nanoparticle-Infused Phase Change Material With Triangular Fin Integration M. A. H. Mithu, Ammar M. Abdulateef, Mohammed A. Karim, Hakeem Niyas, Muhammad M. Hasan, Jasim Abdulateef Energy Storage, 2026 Thermal energy storage (TES) systems play a vital role in enhancing energy efficiency and reducing dependence on nonrenewable resources. This study investigates the synergistic integration of triangular fins and nanoparticle‐infused phase change materials (PCMs) to enhance heat transfer in a large triplex tube heat exchanger (TTHX). Numerical simulations, conducted using ANSYS Fluent 15 software, supported by experimental validation with an average deviation of around 2%, were used to evaluate fin placement, fin geometry, and the effect of 10 wt% Al 2 O 3 nanoparticles into the PCM. Results show that triangular fins significantly improve heat transfer, with external fins providing the fastest melting. The addition of nanoparticles increases thermal conductivity by nearly 25% and, when combined with optimized fins, reduces the melting time to 163 min. Energy‐performance analysis confirms that nano‐PCM accelerates charging due to enhanced conductivity, while pure PCM retains higher total stored energy. The optimal configuration, where eight external copper fins of 141 mm length and an 18% aspect ratio, delivered the best overall performance. These findings demonstrate that combining fin‐geometry optimization with nanoparticle enhancement substantially improves TES efficiency. The proposed approach is well‐suited for solar thermal systems, industrial waste‐heat recovery, and compact TES applications.
Revolutionizing battery thermal management: hybrid nanofluids and PCM in cylindrical pack cooling Hussein Togun, Ali Basem, Muhsin Jaber Jweeg, Ali E. Anqi, Maher T. Alshamkhani, Anirban Chattopadhyay, Bhupendra K. Sharma, Hakeem Niyas, Nirmalendu Biswas, Abdellatif M. Sadeq, Muataz S. Alhassan Materials for Renewable and Sustainable Energy, 2025 The thermal management of cylindrical battery packs, widely used in electric vehicles and energy storage systems, is a critical aspect of ensuring their safety, performance, and longevity. As energy densities increase, effective cooling solutions become essential to address the challenges posed by excessive heat generation and uneven temperature distribution. This review has highlighted the promising potential of hybrid nanofluids and phase change materials (PCMs) in advancing thermal management systems for battery packs. Hybrid nanofluids, offering enhanced heat transfer properties, and PCMs, capable of storing and dissipating latent heat, represent a promising synergy for improving thermal management systems. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the role of hybrid nanofluids and PCM in addressing the thermal challenges of cylindrical battery packs. The paper discusses heat generation mechanisms, the drawbacks of existing cooling methods, and the advantages of integrating these advanced materials into thermal management systems. By identifying research gaps and opportunities, this review offers a pathway for optimizing battery performance and highlights future research directions necessary for scalable and sustainable solutions. According to this review, future research should concentrate on creating hybrid cooling systems that effectively combine active, passive, and hybrid cooling techniques. Additional advancements in computer modeling, nanotechnology, and material science will be crucial to achieving the full potential of these innovative materials and overcoming existing limitations.
Recent Advancements in CSP: Evaluating High-Temperature Heat Transfer Fluids, Corrosion Prevention, and Alloy Selection for Enhanced Energy Density Mohd Naqueeb Shaad Jagirdar, Satya Sekhar Bhogilla, Ashmore Mawire, Hakeem Niyas Solar Compass, 2025 Remarkable progress has been made in harnessing solar energy for electricity generation through Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) plants, which now exceed 6 GW in global installed capacity. The utilization of high-temperature heat transfer fluids (HTFs) has significantly improved system efficiencies; for instance, nitrate-based molten salts commonly operate at 300–565 °C, while newer chloride and carbonate salts can reach 700-800 °C enabling advanced supercritical CO₂ cycles with potential thermal-to-electric efficiencies of up to 50%. However, salts often cost $0.2-2.5 per kg and require carefully selected corrosion-resistant alloys. Meanwhile, liquid metals such as lead-bismuth can handle temperatures above 800 °C, offering high volumetric energy densities (often >20,000 MJ/m³) and strong heat-transfer properties. Yet, they demand rigorous corrosion mitigation and elevated capital expenditures. This paper provides an in-depth review of HTF selection, corrosion prevention strategies, material costs, and energy density aspects in CSP. It further examines the feasibility of liquid metals relative to molten salts, covering suitable alloy materials for storage. By highlighting practical performance data and cost considerations, this review offers key insights into advancements and challenges of CSP technology ultimately proposing pathways toward more efficient, high-temperature solar energy generation.
Phase Change Materials in Heat Exchangers Mohd Naqueeb Shaad Jagirdar, Kaustav Moni Goswami, Hakeem Niyas Advanced Applications in Heat Exchanger Technologies AI Machine Learning and Additive Manufacturing, 2025 The chapter overviews phase change materials (PCMs) and their integration into heat exchanger (HE) systems. The literature consists of basic underlying principles and design considerations connecting PCM-filled HEs. Improving the heat transfer mechanism resulting from the optimal integration of PCMs is a primary focus of this study. As design considerations are valuable to researchers in developing optimum heat exchanger designs, emphasis has been placed on the most current trends in PCM technology, pushing the boundaries of conventional HE designs. As a result, this work identifies optimization with appropriate models and future PCM applications. Furthermore, the application of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) to the study of thermal behavior is examined. Recent studies have demonstrated that AI can improve the efficiency of PCM's melting and coagulation processes at high levels, resulting in greater heat transfer. Real-world applications and their advantages emphasize the major influence of PCM integration into several spheres. The environmental and financial effects of PCM reveal its sustainability and economy. Anticipating future trends and research objectives, the chapter closes with a view toward PCM application evolution. From that standpoint, the chapter will help researchers improve heat transfer processes using PCM technology.
Development of Microencapsulated Phase Change Materials Mohammed Fareed Rahi, Pratyush Anand, Mohd Naqueeb Shaad Jagirdar, Hafiz Muhammad Ali, Hakeem Niyas Phase Change Materials for Thermal Energy Management and Storage Fundamentals and Applications, 2024
A comprehensive review of micro/nano enhanced phase change materials Mohamed Teggar, Müslüm Arıcı, Mehmet Selçuk Mert, Seyed Soheil Mousavi Ajarostaghi, Hakeem Niyas, Ekrem Tunçbilek, Kamal A. R. Ismail, Zohir Younsi, Amine Toufik Benhouia, El Hacene Mezaache Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 2022
A novel technique for unlocking wall elements’ thermal sensitivity under dynamic conditions and shedding light on the processes until convergence to a steady-periodic state KJ Kontoleon, S Saboor, M Arıcı, H Niyas, B Pirouz, P Psyllaki, ... Energy and Buildings, 117316 , 2026 2026
Investigating the Performance Enhancement of Thermal Storage Using Nanoparticle‐Infused Phase Change Material With Triangular Fin Integration MAH Mithu, AM Abdulateef, MA Karim, H Niyas, MM Hasan, J Abdulateef Energy Storage 8 (1), e70347 , 2026 2026
Performance Evaluation of Nanoparticle Dispersed Phase Change Material Charging in Thermal Energy Storage System Featuring Longitudinal Fins AM Abdulateef, MAH Mithu, MA Karim, H Niyas, J Abdulateef Heat Transfer , 2026 2026
Strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) analysis of hydrogen production and infrastructure P Darbha, M Mathew, H Niyas, S Sundaram Hydrogen Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles, 25-62 , 2026 2026 Citations: 1
Artificial intelligence in renewable energy: comprehensive insights into challenges, opportunities, and future trends H Togun, A Basem, HA Dhahad, HI Mohammed, N Biswas, RZ Homod, ... Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 1-31 , 2025 2025 Citations: 3
6 Phase Change Materials in Heat Exchangers MNS Jagirdar, KM Goswami, H Niyas Advanced Applications in Heat Exchanger Technologies: AI, Machine Learning … , 2025 2025
Revolutionizing battery thermal management: hybrid nanofluids and PCM in cylindrical pack cooling H Togun, A Basem, MJ Jweeg, AE Anqi, MT Alshamkhani, ... Materials for Renewable and Sustainable Energy 14 (2), 42 , 2025 2025 Citations: 25
Recent Advancements in CSP: Evaluating High-Temperature Heat Transfer Fluids, Corrosion Prevention, and Alloy Selection for Enhanced Energy Density MNS Jagirdar, SS Bhogilla, A Mawire, H Niyas Solar Compass 14, 100118 , 2025 2025 Citations: 6
Fins-nanoparticle combination for phase change material enhancement in a triplex tube heat exchanger: a numerical approach to thermal sustainability MAH Mithu, TA Tahseen, AM Abdulateef, H Niyas International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer 159, 108199 , 2024 2024 Citations: 23
A review on recent advances on improving fuel economy and performance of a fuel cell hybrid electric vehicle H Togun, HSS Aljibori, AM Abed, N Biswas, MT Alshamkhani, H Niyas, ... International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 89, 22-47 , 2024 2024 Citations: 132
3 Development of Microencapsulated Phase Change Materials MF Rahi, P Anand, MNS Jagirdar, HM Ali, H Niyas Phase Change Materials for Thermal Energy Management and Storage … , 2024 2024 Citations: 4
Implementation of adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system in design and process optimization of latent heat storage system MNS Jagirdar, G Priyadarshi, BK Naik, H Niyas Journal of Energy Storage 89, 111810 , 2024 2024 Citations: 12
Unveiling India's Automobile Sector Evolution: Analyzing Current Electric Vehicle Trends H Niyas A Sustainable Future with E-Mobility: Concepts, Challenges, and … , 2024 2024
A Comprehensive Analysis of Fuel Cell-Powered Electric Vehicles in India Through the PESTLE Framework KP Pillai, M Mathew, H Niyas, S Sundaram A Sustainable Future with E-Mobility: Concepts, Challenges, and … , 2024 2024
Evaluation of the Political, Economic, Social, Technical, Legal, and Environmental Perspectives of Second Life Electric Vehicle Batteries in India M Mathew, S Sundaram, H Niyas A Sustainable Future with E-Mobility: Concepts, Challenges, and … , 2024 2024
Composite pin‐fin heat sink for effective hotspot reduction MA Khan, HM Ali, T Rehman, A Arsalanloo, H Niyas Heat Transfer , 2024 2024 Citations: 22
Review on swirl-type microbubble generator: Concept, technology, and applications DI Mawarni, HG Ristiyanto, D Deendarlianto, W Budhijanto, M Salem, ... Mechanical Engineering for Society and Industry 3 (3), 191-205 , 2023 2023 Citations: 6
An IoT-Based Automatic Light Control System for Smart Buildings A Rathore, PK Anuragi, H Niyas, D Lakshmi International Conference on Signal, Machines, Automation, and Algorithm, 599-616 , 2023 2023
Design analysis and performance prediction of packed bed latent heat storage system employing machine learning models P Anand, PKS Tejes, BK Naik, H Niyas Journal of Energy Storage 72, 108690 , 2023 2023 Citations: 24
Numerical investigation and optimization of macro-encapsulated phase change material capsules in building roof slab MF Rahi, M Arıcı, AM Abdulateef, H Niyas Journal of Energy Storage 68, 107806 , 2023 2023 Citations: 39
MOST CITED SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
Performance investigation of a lab–scale latent heat storage prototype–Numerical results H Niyas, S Prasad, P Muthukumar Energy Conversion and Management 135, 188-199 , 2017 2017 Citations: 133
A review on recent advances on improving fuel economy and performance of a fuel cell hybrid electric vehicle H Togun, HSS Aljibori, AM Abed, N Biswas, MT Alshamkhani, H Niyas, ... International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 89, 22-47 , 2024 2024 Citations: 132
Effect of twisted fins on the melting performance of PCM in a latent heat thermal energy storage system in vertical and horizontal orientations: Energy and exergy analysis J Li, ZR Abdulghani, MN Alghamdi, K Sharma, H Niyas, H Moria, ... Applied Thermal Engineering 219, 119489 , 2023 2023 Citations: 132
Experimental investigation on the performance of RT-44HC-nickel foam-based heat sinks for thermal management of electronic gadgets T Ambreen, H Niyas, P Kanti, HM Ali, CW Park International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 188, 122591 , 2022 2022 Citations: 117
Performance tests on lab–scale sensible heat storage prototypes CRC Rao, H Niyas, P Muthukumar Applied Thermal Engineering 129, 953-967 , 2018 2018 Citations: 103
Enhancing the melting of phase change material using a fins–nanoparticle combination in a triplex tube heat exchanger AM Abdulateef, M Jaszczur, Q Hassan, R Anish, H Niyas, K Sopian, ... Journal of Energy Storage 35, 102227 , 2021 2021 Citations: 99
A comprehensive review of micro/nano enhanced phase change materials M Teggar, M Arıcı, MS Mert, SS Mousavi Ajarostaghi, H Niyas, ... Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 147 (6), 3989-4016 , 2022 2022 Citations: 92
Performance enhancement of latent heat storage systems by using extended surfaces and porous materials: A state-of-the-art review M Teggar, SSM Ajarostaghi, Ç Yıldız, M Arıcı, KAR Ismail, H Niyas, ... Journal of Energy Storage 44, 103340 , 2021 2021 Citations: 86
Improving combustion and emission characteristics of a biogas/biodiesel-powered dual-fuel diesel engine through trade-off analysis of operation parameters using response … BJ Bora, T Dai Tran, KP Shadangi, P Sharma, Z Said, P Kalita, A Buradi, ... Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments 53, 102455 , 2022 2022 Citations: 79
Performance investigation of a lab-scale latent heat storage prototype–experimental results H Niyas, CRC Rao, P Muthukumar Solar Energy 155, 971-984 , 2017 2017 Citations: 78
Design of a hydrogen compressor for hydrogen fueling stations SS Bhogilla, H Niyas International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 44 (55), 29329-29337 , 2019 2019 Citations: 67
Comparative study of phase change phenomenon in high temperature cascade latent heat energy storage system using conduction and conduction-convection models JS Prasad, P Muthukumar, R Anandalakshmi, H Niyas Solar Energy 176, 627-637 , 2018 2018 Citations: 60
Performance investigation of high-temperature sensible heat thermal energy storage system during charging and discharging cycles H Niyas, L Prasad, P Muthukumar Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy 17 (2), 501-513 , 2015 2015 Citations: 47
Aerodynamic performance enhancement of the DU99W405 airfoil for horizontal axis wind turbines using slotted airfoil configuration H Bhavsar, S Roy, H Niyas Energy 263, 125666 , 2023 2023 Citations: 41
Numerical investigation and optimization of macro-encapsulated phase change material capsules in building roof slab MF Rahi, M Arıcı, AM Abdulateef, H Niyas Journal of Energy Storage 68, 107806 , 2023 2023 Citations: 39
A novel heat transfer enhancement technique for performance improvements in encapsulated latent heat storage system H Niyas, P Muthukumar Solar Energy 164, 276-286 , 2018 2018 Citations: 27
Revolutionizing battery thermal management: hybrid nanofluids and PCM in cylindrical pack cooling H Togun, A Basem, MJ Jweeg, AE Anqi, MT Alshamkhani, ... Materials for Renewable and Sustainable Energy 14 (2), 42 , 2025 2025 Citations: 25
Design analysis and performance prediction of packed bed latent heat storage system employing machine learning models P Anand, PKS Tejes, BK Naik, H Niyas Journal of Energy Storage 72, 108690 , 2023 2023 Citations: 24
Fins-nanoparticle combination for phase change material enhancement in a triplex tube heat exchanger: a numerical approach to thermal sustainability MAH Mithu, TA Tahseen, AM Abdulateef, H Niyas International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer 159, 108199 , 2024 2024 Citations: 23
Composite pin‐fin heat sink for effective hotspot reduction MA Khan, HM Ali, T Rehman, A Arsalanloo, H Niyas Heat Transfer , 2024 2024 Citations: 22
