RENGESH BALAKRISHNAN

@ksrct.ac.in

Associate Professor, Department of Biotechnology
K.S.Rangasamy College of Technology

RENGESH BALAKRISHNAN


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https://researchid.co/rengeshb

RESEARCH, TEACHING, or OTHER INTERESTS

Biotechnology, Bioengineering
15

Scopus Publications

344

Scholar Citations

9

Scholar h-index

9

Scholar i10-index

Scopus Publications

  • Rapid Physisorption of Cr(VI) Using Cassava Peel Biosorbents: Kinetics, Isotherm Analysis and Mechanistic Insights
    Karthika A, Priyadarshini Senthilkumar, Karnika Sivavadivel, Janashruthi Karthikeyan, Sivaprakash Sivasamy, Vinetha Mayilesan, Rengesh Balakrishnan
    Turkish Journal of Engineering, 2025
    Increasing environmental concerns and strict discharge regulations have driven the need for efficient and low-cost treatment methods for industrial effluents. Chromium, particularly in its hexavalent form [Cr(VI)], is one of the most hazardous pollutants present in wastewater due to its high toxicity and carcinogenic nature. This study explores the potential of cassava peels (Manihot esculenta), an abundant agricultural byproduct, as a biosorbent for the rapid removal of Cr(VI) from aqueous solutions. Batch adsorption experiments were conducted to assess the influence of various parameters, including adsorbent dosage, initial Cr(VI) concentration, pH, and contact time. Optimal removal was observed at pH 2, with a contact time of just 5 min and an adsorbent dosage of 16 g.L-1, achieving a maximum removal efficiency of 99.53 %. Adsorption equilibrium data were evaluated using Langmuir, Freundlich, and Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherm models. Among these, the Langmuir model provided the best fit, indicating monolayer adsorption, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 5.076 mg.g-1. The mean adsorption energy calculated from the Dubinin-Radushkevich model (E = 0.997 kJ.mol-1) confirmed that the process was dominated by physisorption. Kinetic analysis showed a strong correlation with the pseudo-second-order model (R² = 1.0), suggesting that the rate-limiting step involves surface interaction between the Cr(VI) ions and functional groups on the cassava peel surface. These findings highlight cassava peels as a promising, renewable, and cost-effective material for the rapid removal of Cr(VI) from industrial wastewater, particularly under acidic conditions.
  • Revealing the Potential of Bioactive Peptides from Sheep Milk Casein and Whey: An In-silico Exploration
    Sathika K, Priyadharshini M, Harini B, Puniethaa Prabhu, Rengesh Balakrishnan
    Bio Web of Conferences, 2025
    Sheep casein and whey proteins, α-lactalbumin, β-lactalbumin, and β-lactoglobulin 1/B, are good sources of bioactive peptides that have potential health benefits including antimicrobial, antioxidant, antihypertensive, and immunomodulatory activities. The following paper discusses the in-silico analysis of these proteins retrieved from the UniProtKB database, with emphasis on their amino acid compositions and the bioactive peptides formed after hydrolysis with pepsin and trypsin. Their physicochemical properties, bioactivity, and allergenicity were determined by the use of sophisticated bioinformatics tools. One of the interesting findings includes their inhibition activity against dipeptidyl peptidase IV, which might be of great importance in the management of type 2 diabetes. The allergenicity predictions where a mixed bag as some peptides had the potential to be flagged as allergens due to the similarities in their sequence with the proteins in bovine milk. Others were predicted to be nonallergenic and safer for further use. The results suggest that bioactive peptides from sheep could potentially be used in food and pharmaceutical applications, although the need for further experimental validation, especially on safety, is critical. In-silico approaches provide an efficient and cost-effective means for screening peptides.
  • Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking Analysis of Chrysoeriol for Alzheimer’s Disease
    Hariharasudhan D, Sharmila M, Srihari M, Puniethaa Prabhu, Rengesh Balakrishnan, S. Nadana Sabapathi
    Bio Web of Conferences, 2025
    Alzheimer’s disease is a brain disorder that slowly destroys memory and thinking skills and eventually the ability to carry out daily tasks. Chrysoeriol is a flavone compound that exhibits neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, cholinesterase inhibitor and antioxidant properties. The potential targets of Alzheimer’s disease were identified by Network Pharmacology. As a result of the analysis, 35 overlapping targets among 100 potential targets for chrysoeriol and 1255 for Alzheimer’s disease were identified. Among the 35 overlapping targets, the Hub genes are highly enriched in the Biological Process, Cellular Component and Molecular Function were analyzed. Further the Molecular Docking analysis revealed that PTGS2, MMP2 and KDR have good binding affinity. It’s shown that chrysoeriol has promising role in modulating key pathways involved in Alzheimer’s disease pathogenesis, paving the way for further experimental validation and drug development.
  • Development of Target-Specific gRNAs for CRISPR-Cas9 Mediated Antifungal Resistance in Sweet Pepper
    Sedarshini M, Harini Shree G, Ragavendhran R D, Puniethaa Prabhu, B. Kalpana, Rengesh Balakrishnan
    Bio Web of Conferences, 2025
    Using CRISPR-Cas9, the gRNA for antifungal resistance to mildew diseases in Pepper species, especially Capsicum annuum, is designed. The Downey Mildew Resistance (DMR), and Enhanced Disease Resistance (EDR) genes were chosen, and the target-specific gRNA was designed with CRISPR-Cas9 methodology. The proficient gRNA and secondary structures were obtained for the chosen gRNA, along with the MIT and CFD scores. The prompt genes with low off-targets were considered for the putative homologous genes of PMR, EDR, and DMR. The gRNA for putative homologous genes of antifungal resistance genes was obtained. The highest MIT and CFD-scored gRNA were chosen, and the desired mutation in the Capsicum annuum species was expected to be produced when performed in vitro.
  • Heparosan biosynthesis in recombinant Bacillus megaterium: Influence of N-acetylglucosamine supplementation and kinetic modeling
    Ganesh Nehru, Rengesh Balakrishnan, Nivedhitha Swaminathan, Subbi Rami Reddy Tadi, Senthilkumar Sivaprakasam
    Biotechnology and Applied Biochemistry, 2024
    Heparosan, an unsulfated polysaccharide, plays a pivotal role as a primary precursor in the biosynthesis of heparin—an influential anticoagulant with diverse therapeutic applications. To enhance heparosan production, the utilization of metabolic engineering in nonpathogenic microbial strains is emerging as a secure and promising strategy. In the investigation of heparosan production by recombinant Bacillus megaterium, a kinetic modeling approach was employed to explore the impact of initial substrate concentration and the supplementation of precursor sugars. The adapted logistic model was utilized to thoroughly analyze three vital parameters: the B. megaterium growth dynamics, sucrose utilization, and heparosan formation. It was noted that at an initial sucrose concentration of 30 g L−1 (S1), it caused an inhibitory effect on both cell growth and substrate utilization. Intriguingly, the inclusion of N‐acetylglucosamine (S2) resulted in a significant 1.6‐fold enhancement in heparosan concentration. In addressing the complexities of the dual substrate system involving S1 and S2, a multi‐substrate kinetic models, specifically the double Andrew's model was employed. This approach not only delved into the intricacies of dual substrate kinetics but also effectively described the relationships among the primary state variables. Consequently, these models not only provide a nuanced understanding of the system's behavior but also serve as a roadmap for optimizing the design and management of the heparosan production method.
  • Steps toward a digital twin for functional food production with increased health benefits
    Helena Mylise Sørensen, David Cunningham, Rengesh Balakrishnan, Susan Maye, George MacLeod, Dermot Brabazon, Christine Loscher, Brian Freeland
    Current Research in Food Science, 2023
    Lactobacillus rhamnosus (L. rhamnosus) is a commensal bacterium with health-promoting properties and with a wide range of applications within the food industry. To improve and optimize the control of L. rhamnosus biomass production in batch and fed-batch bioprocesses, this study proposes the application of artificial neural network (ANN) modelling to improve process control and monitoring, with potential future implementation as a basis for a digital twin. Three ANNs were developed using historical data from ten bioprocesses. These ANNs were designed to predict the biomass in batch bioprocesses with different media compositions, predict biomass in fed-batch bioprocesses, and predict the growth rate in fed-batch bioprocesses. The immunomodulatory effect of the L. rhamnosus samples was examined and found to elicit an anti-inflammatory response as evidenced by the inhibition of IL-6 and TNF-α secretion. Overall, the findings of this study reinforce the potential of ANN modelling for bioprocess optimization aimed at improved control for maximising the volumetric productivity of L. rhamnosus as an immunomodulatory agent with applications in the functional food industry.
  • A Review of Polylactic Acid as a Replacement Material for Single-Use Laboratory Components
    Brian Freeland, Eanna McCarthy, Rengesh Balakrishnan, Samantha Fahy, Adam Boland, Keith D. Rochfort, Michal Dabros, Roger Marti, Susan M. Kelleher, Jennifer Gaughran
    Materials, 2022
    Every year, the EU emits 13.4 Mt of CO2 solely from plastic production, with 99% of all plastics being produced from fossil fuel sources, while those that are produced from renewable sources use food products as feedstocks. In 2019, 29 Mt of plastic waste was collected in Europe. It is estimated that 32% was recycled, 43% was incinerated and 25% was sent to landfill. It has been estimated that life-sciences (biology, medicine, etc.) alone create plastic waste of approximately 5.5 Mt/yr, the majority being disposed of by incineration. The vast majority of this plastic waste is made from fossil fuel sources, though there is a growing interest in the possible use of bioplastics as a viable alternative for single-use lab consumables, such as petri dishes, pipette tips, etc. However, to-date only limited bioplastic replacement examples exist. In this review, common polymers used for labware are discussed, along with examining the possibility of replacing these materials with bioplastics, specifically polylactic acid (PLA). The material properties of PLA are described, along with possible functional improvements dure to additives. Finally, the standards and benchmarks needed for assessing bioplastics produced for labware components are reviewed.
  • Application of design of experiments in bioprocessing: process analysis, optimization, and reliability
    Rengesh Balakrishnan, Naresh Mohan, Senthilkumar Sivaprakasam
    Current Developments in Biotechnology and Bioengineering Advances in Bioprocess Engineering, 2022
  • Recombinant production of poly-(3-hydroxybutyrate) by Bacillus megaterium utilizing millet bran and rapeseed meal hydrolysates
    Subbi Rami Reddy Tadi, Som Dutt Ravindran, Rengesh Balakrishnan, Senthilkumar Sivaprakasam
    Bioresource Technology, 2021
  • Batch and fed-batch fermentation of optically pure D (-) lactic acid from Kodo millet (Paspalum scrobiculatum) bran residue hydrolysate: growth and inhibition kinetic modeling
    Rengesh Balakrishnan, Subbi Rami Reddy Tadi, Shyam Kumar Rajaram, Naresh Mohan, Senthilkumar Sivaprakasam
    Preparative Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 2020
    A low-cost Kodo millet bran residue was utilized as feedstock for the production of D (−) lactic acid (DLA) using Lactobacillus delbrueckii NBRC3202 under anaerobic condition. Data culled from a series of batch fermentation processes with different initial Kodo millet bran residue hydrolysate (KMBRH) and DLA concentrations were used for kinetic model development. Both simulated and experimental data were in good agreement for cell growth, KMBRH utilization, and DLA formation. The values of kinetic constants specific growth rate, (μm = 0.17 h−1); growth (αP = 0.96 g.g−1) and non-growth (βP = 1.19 g.g−1.h−1) associated constant for DLA production and the maximum specific KMBRH utilization rate, (qG, max = 1.18 g.g−1.h−1) were in good agreement with the literature reports. Kinetic analysis elucidated that L. delbrueckii growth was predominantly influenced by KMBRH limitation and highly sensitive to DLA inhibition. Fed-batch fermentation studies demonstrated the existence of substrate and product inhibition paving the scope for process intensification.
  • Effect of nitrogen sources and neutralizing agents on D-lactic acid production from Kodo millet bran hydrolysate: comparative study and kinetic analysis
    Rengesh Balakrishnan, Subbi Rami Reddy Tadi, Allampalli Satya Sai Pavan, Senthilkumar Sivaprakasam, Shyamkumar Rajaram
    Journal of Food Science and Technology, 2020
  • Biovalorization potential of agro-forestry/industry biomass for optically pure lactic acid fermentation: Opportunities and challenges
    Rengesh Balakrishnan, Shyam Kumar Rajaram, Senthilkumar Sivaprakasam
    Biovalorisation of Wastes to Renewable Chemicals and Biofuels, 2019
  • Phytochemical analysis and antioxidant potential of the crude extract of Allium oschaninii scape
    Seenivasaperumal Alagarsamy, Pandiselvam Chellappan, Michel Thomas Jesuraj, Manoj Saravana Guru Mohan, Rengesh Balakrishnan
    Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine, 2018
  • Optimization of acid and enzymatic hydrolysis of kodo millet (Paspalum scrobiculatum) bran residue to obtain fermentable sugars for the production of optically pure D (−) lactic acid
    Rengesh Balakrishnan, Subbi Rami Reddy Tadi, Senthilkumar Sivaprakasam, Shyamkumar Rajaram
    Industrial Crops and Products, 2018
  • Optimization and effect of dairy industrial waste as media components in the production of hyaluronic acid by Streptococcus thermophilus
    Naresh Mohan, Rengesh Balakrishnan, Senthilkumar Sivaprakasam
    Preparative Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 2016

RECENT SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS

  • Rapid Physisorption of Cr (VI) Using Cassava Peel Biosorbents: Kinetics, Isotherm Analysis and Mechanistic Insights.
    K Ayyar, P Senthilkumar, K Sivavadivel, J Karthikeyan, S Sivasamy, ...
    Turkish Journal of Engineering (TUJE) 9 (4) , 2025
    2025.0
  • Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking Analysis of Chrysoeriol for Alzheimer’s Disease
    D Hariharasudhan, M Sharmila, M Srihari
    BIO Web of Conferences 172, 02009 , 2025
    2025.0
  • Revealing the Potential of Bioactive Peptides from Sheep Milk Casein and Whey: An In-silico Exploration
    K Sathika, M Priyadharshini, B Harini
    BIO Web of Conferences 172, 02008 , 2025
    2025.0
  • Development of Target-Specific gRNAs for CRISPR-Cas9 Mediated Antifungal Resistance in Sweet Pepper
    M Sedarshini, RD Ragavendhran
    BIO Web of Conferences 172, 04001 , 2025
    2025.0
  • Heparosan biosynthesis in recombinant Bacillus megaterium : Influence of N ‐acetylglucosamine supplementation and kinetic modeling
    G Nehru, R Balakrishnan, N Swaminathan, SRR Tadi, S Sivaprakasam
    Biotechnology and Applied Biochemistry 71 (6), 1346-1359 , 2024
    2024.0
    Citations: 2
  • Steps toward a digital twin for functional food production with increased health benefits
    HM Sørensen, D Cunningham, R Balakrishnan, S Maye, G MacLeod, ...
    Current Research in Food Science 7, 100593 , 2023
    2023.0
    Citations: 19
  • A review of polylactic acid as a replacement material for single-use laboratory components
    B Freeland, E McCarthy, R Balakrishnan, S Fahy, A Boland, KD Rochfort, ...
    Materials 15 (9), 2989 , 2022
    2022.0
    Citations: 107
  • Current developments in biotechnology and bioengineering
    R Balakrishnan, N Mohan, S Sivaprakasam
    Application of design of experiments in bioprocessing: process analysis … , 2022
    2022.0
    Citations: 4
  • Application of design of experiments in bioprocessing: process analysis, optimization, and reliability
    R Balakrishnan, N Mohan, S Sivaprakasam
    Current developments in biotechnology and bioengineering, 289-319 , 2022
    2022.0
    Citations: 9
  • Recombinant production of poly-(3-hydroxybutyrate) by Bacillus megaterium utilizing millet bran and rapeseed meal hydrolysates
    SRR Tadi, SD Ravindran, R Balakrishnan, S Sivaprakasam
    Bioresource technology 326, 124800 , 2021
    2021.0
    Citations: 39
  • Batch and fed-batch fermentation of optically pure D (-) lactic acid from Kodo millet ( Paspalum scrobiculatum ) bran residue hydrolysate: growth and inhibition …
    R Balakrishnan, SRR Tadi, SK Rajaram, N Mohan, S Sivaprakasam
    Preparative biochemistry & biotechnology 50 (4), 365-378 , 2020
    2020.0
    Citations: 13
  • Effect of nitrogen sources and neutralizing agents on D-lactic acid production from Kodo millet bran hydrolysate: comparative study and kinetic analysis
    R Balakrishnan, SRR Tadi, ASS Pavan, S Sivaprakasam, S Rajaram
    Journal of food science and technology 57 (3), 915-926 , 2020
    2020.0
    Citations: 19
  • Stability and rheological study on carbon-based nanofluids
    HR Ong, B Ethiraj, B Rengaraju, S Govindaraj, AR Suresh, WME Iskandar, ...
    Journal of Natural Remedies 21 (6), 271-276 , 2020
    2020.0
  • Biovalorization potential of agro-forestry/industry biomass for optically pure lactic acid fermentation: opportunities and challenges
    R Balakrishnan, SK Rajaram, S Sivaprakasam
    Biovalorisation of Wastes to Renewable Chemicals and Biofuels, 261-276 , 2019
    2019.0
    Citations: 39
  • Phytochemical analysis and antioxidant potential of the crude extract of Allium oschaninii scape: S. Alagarsamy et al.
    S Alagarsamy, P Chellappan, MT Jesuraj, MSG Mohan, R Balakrishnan
    Oriental Pharmacy and experimental medicine 18 (4), 309-316 , 2018
    2018.0
    Citations: 14
  • Optimization of acid and enzymatic hydrolysis of kodo millet (Paspalum scrobiculatum) bran residue to obtain fermentable sugars for the production of optically pure D …
    R Balakrishnan, SRR Tadi, S Sivaprakasam, S Rajaram
    Industrial Crops and Products 111, 731-742 , 2018
    2018.0
    Citations: 44
  • Optimization and effect of dairy industrial waste as media components in the production of hyaluronic acid by Streptococcus thermophilus
    N Mohan, R Balakrishnan, S Sivaprakasam
    Preparative Biochemistry and Biotechnology 46 (6), 628-638 , 2016
    2016.0
    Citations: 35
  • Rapid Physisorption of Cr (VI) Using Cassava Peel Biosorbents: Kinetics, Isotherm Analysis and Mechanistic Insights
    A Karthika, P Senthilkumar, K Sivavadivel, J Karthikeyan, S Sivasamy, ...
    Turkish Journal of Engineering 9 (4), 702-711 , 0

MOST CITED SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS

  • A review of polylactic acid as a replacement material for single-use laboratory components
    B Freeland, E McCarthy, R Balakrishnan, S Fahy, A Boland, KD Rochfort, ...
    Materials 15 (9), 2989 , 2022
    2022.0
    Citations: 107
  • Optimization of acid and enzymatic hydrolysis of kodo millet (Paspalum scrobiculatum) bran residue to obtain fermentable sugars for the production of optically pure D …
    R Balakrishnan, SRR Tadi, S Sivaprakasam, S Rajaram
    Industrial Crops and Products 111, 731-742 , 2018
    2018.0
    Citations: 44
  • Recombinant production of poly-(3-hydroxybutyrate) by Bacillus megaterium utilizing millet bran and rapeseed meal hydrolysates
    SRR Tadi, SD Ravindran, R Balakrishnan, S Sivaprakasam
    Bioresource technology 326, 124800 , 2021
    2021.0
    Citations: 39
  • Biovalorization potential of agro-forestry/industry biomass for optically pure lactic acid fermentation: opportunities and challenges
    R Balakrishnan, SK Rajaram, S Sivaprakasam
    Biovalorisation of Wastes to Renewable Chemicals and Biofuels, 261-276 , 2019
    2019.0
    Citations: 39
  • Optimization and effect of dairy industrial waste as media components in the production of hyaluronic acid by Streptococcus thermophilus
    N Mohan, R Balakrishnan, S Sivaprakasam
    Preparative Biochemistry and Biotechnology 46 (6), 628-638 , 2016
    2016.0
    Citations: 35
  • Steps toward a digital twin for functional food production with increased health benefits
    HM Sørensen, D Cunningham, R Balakrishnan, S Maye, G MacLeod, ...
    Current Research in Food Science 7, 100593 , 2023
    2023.0
    Citations: 19
  • Effect of nitrogen sources and neutralizing agents on D-lactic acid production from Kodo millet bran hydrolysate: comparative study and kinetic analysis
    R Balakrishnan, SRR Tadi, ASS Pavan, S Sivaprakasam, S Rajaram
    Journal of food science and technology 57 (3), 915-926 , 2020
    2020.0
    Citations: 19
  • Phytochemical analysis and antioxidant potential of the crude extract of Allium oschaninii scape: S. Alagarsamy et al.
    S Alagarsamy, P Chellappan, MT Jesuraj, MSG Mohan, R Balakrishnan
    Oriental Pharmacy and experimental medicine 18 (4), 309-316 , 2018
    2018.0
    Citations: 14
  • Batch and fed-batch fermentation of optically pure D (-) lactic acid from Kodo millet ( Paspalum scrobiculatum ) bran residue hydrolysate: growth and inhibition …
    R Balakrishnan, SRR Tadi, SK Rajaram, N Mohan, S Sivaprakasam
    Preparative biochemistry & biotechnology 50 (4), 365-378 , 2020
    2020.0
    Citations: 13
  • Application of design of experiments in bioprocessing: process analysis, optimization, and reliability
    R Balakrishnan, N Mohan, S Sivaprakasam
    Current developments in biotechnology and bioengineering, 289-319 , 2022
    2022.0
    Citations: 9
  • Current developments in biotechnology and bioengineering
    R Balakrishnan, N Mohan, S Sivaprakasam
    Application of design of experiments in bioprocessing: process analysis … , 2022
    2022.0
    Citations: 4
  • Heparosan biosynthesis in recombinant Bacillus megaterium : Influence of N ‐acetylglucosamine supplementation and kinetic modeling
    G Nehru, R Balakrishnan, N Swaminathan, SRR Tadi, S Sivaprakasam
    Biotechnology and Applied Biochemistry 71 (6), 1346-1359 , 2024
    2024.0
    Citations: 2
  • Rapid Physisorption of Cr (VI) Using Cassava Peel Biosorbents: Kinetics, Isotherm Analysis and Mechanistic Insights.
    K Ayyar, P Senthilkumar, K Sivavadivel, J Karthikeyan, S Sivasamy, ...
    Turkish Journal of Engineering (TUJE) 9 (4) , 2025
    2025.0
  • Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking Analysis of Chrysoeriol for Alzheimer’s Disease
    D Hariharasudhan, M Sharmila, M Srihari
    BIO Web of Conferences 172, 02009 , 2025
    2025.0
  • Revealing the Potential of Bioactive Peptides from Sheep Milk Casein and Whey: An In-silico Exploration
    K Sathika, M Priyadharshini, B Harini
    BIO Web of Conferences 172, 02008 , 2025
    2025.0
  • Development of Target-Specific gRNAs for CRISPR-Cas9 Mediated Antifungal Resistance in Sweet Pepper
    M Sedarshini, RD Ragavendhran
    BIO Web of Conferences 172, 04001 , 2025
    2025.0
  • Stability and rheological study on carbon-based nanofluids
    HR Ong, B Ethiraj, B Rengaraju, S Govindaraj, AR Suresh, WME Iskandar, ...
    Journal of Natural Remedies 21 (6), 271-276 , 2020
    2020.0
  • Rapid Physisorption of Cr (VI) Using Cassava Peel Biosorbents: Kinetics, Isotherm Analysis and Mechanistic Insights
    A Karthika, P Senthilkumar, K Sivavadivel, J Karthikeyan, S Sivasamy, ...
    Turkish Journal of Engineering 9 (4), 702-711 , 0