Dr. Apoorv Saraswat was born in Allahabad (Uttar Pradesh), India. He received his M.Sc. degree in chemistry from the University of Allahabad, Prayagraaj, in 2007. He was awarded a National Eligibility Test (NET) Scholarship in 2009. His D.Phil. works on the green aspect of electro-organic synthesis under the supervision of Prof. (Dr.) R. K. P. Singh. After completing his D.Phil., he pursued his research in the UGC-sponsored project at the University of Allahabad, Prayagraaj. He has published more than 20 studies in different reputed national and international journals. He is currently working as an assistant professor at L. N. Mithila University, Darbhanga. His current research interest embrace expansion in the field of Organic and Molecular Electrochemistry, Environmental Electrochemistry, Fundamental & Theoretical electrochemistry, innovative methods in electrochemistry, and amine-based Conducting polymers and their applications
EDUCATION
Dr. Apoorv Saraswat received his M.Sc. degree in chemistry from the University of Allahabad, Prayagraaj, in 2007. He was awarded a National Eligibility Test (NET) Scholarship in 2009. His D.Phil. works on the green aspect of electro-organic synthesis under the supervision of Prof.. (Dr.) R. K. P. Singh. After completing his D.Phil., he pursued his research in the UGC-sponsored project at the University of Allahabad, Prayagraaj.
RESEARCH, TEACHING, or OTHER INTERESTS
Electrochemistry, Materials Science, Catalysis, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry
FUTURE PROJECTS
Electrochemistry of Conducting polymer and their future Prospects
Applications Invited
29
Scopus Publications
281
Scholar Citations
9
Scholar h-index
9
Scholar i10-index
Scopus Publications
Exploring the Application of Polyaniline Nanocomposites in the Fabrication of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells Sudhanshu Shekhar, Apoorv Saraswat Russian Journal of General Chemistry, 2025 Abstract Many chemists are keen to advocate improved materials and fragments for the fabrication of solar devices with enhanced photochemical conversion efficiency. Here, we focused on the fabrication of polyaniline-based nanocomposite designs that were transformed to expand them technologically through allied hybrid materials. These nanocomposite materials are very operative in present-day energy storage devices because of their amplified dynamic catalytic surface area and boosted charge transfer from the counter electrode to the electrolyte, which demonstrates potential candidate to be employed as the counter electrode in dye-sensitized solar cells. Consequently, an inclusive investigation of polyaniline-based counter electrode as an intrinsic conducting polymer has been accelerated in photovoltaic solar cells, which exploits the skills of electrochemical tools to transform solar radiation effectively into electrical power, which will signifyan eco-friendly and high-demand energy source towards low carbon emissions. This could be an imminent revolution that benefits administrators to preserve control, and a balanced tactic to further gain practical requirements.
Analysis of DFT-Based Investigated Nanomaterial for Future Promising Aspects for Storing Hydrogen (A Mini-Review) Dheeraj Kumar Pandey, Sudhanshu Pandey, Apoorv Saraswat Russian Journal of General Chemistry, 2025 Abstract Hydrogen is a viable clean energy carrier for the upcoming time frame. Sustainable and renewable energy sources are now essential for tackling the world’s climate issues. In the energy sector, hydrogen storage technology is a crucial frontier, especially as countries throughout the world quicken their shift away from fossil fuels. With its environmental advantages and increased energy security, hydrogen is now a more attractive alternative to traditional fossil fuels thanks to recent developments in nano-based materials. With a focus on recent developments in material science and storage efficiency, this paper provides a thorough review of Density Functional Theory (DFT) studies of functionalized nanomaterials for hydrogen storage in nano-based systems. Our review precisely looks at several changes made to nano-based structures to maximize their capacity to store hydrogen. Numerous DFT-based theoretically investigated nanomaterials have shown amazing potential for effective hydrogen storage and will serve as a basis for experimental confirmation. A thorough review is conducted of the many alterations made to nano-based structures to enhance their hydrogen-storing capabilities. The DFT-based theoretical studies examined in this review should encourage experimental teams to verify the theoretical predictions through experimentation since numerous modified nano-based systems have been demonstrated to be promising options for storing hydrogen.
Advancements in 2D TMDs as Sensors: From Materials to Real-World Applications Subia Ambreen, Dinesh K. Gupta, Hemaunt Kumar, Archana Sharma, Shiva Arun, et al. Luminescence, 2025 This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the performance of transition‐metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) and their hybrid nanostructures in various sensing applications, including gas sensors, photodetectors, biosensors and wearable sensors. It focuses on categorizing the mechanisms involved, such as chemiresistive, field‐effect transistor (FET), surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and piezoresistive methods, which illustrate the sensor functionalities of TMDs. The review emphasizes the importance of several properties like charge transfer processes, surface interactions and structural dynamics. The interaction between TMDs and target molecules leads to necessary modifications that influence the sensor's output signal, including defect formation, doping effects and bandgap adjustments (ranging from 1 to 2 eV). Additionally, the review investigates other critical parameters that enhance sensor performance, like the number of TMD layers, functionalization methods and various chemical and physical environments. These factors can significantly improve selectivity by up to 200% and decrease response times to just a few milliseconds. To further enhance the sensitivity, selectivity and stability of TMD‐based sensors, reproducibility and other relevant parameters are also discussed in light of recent advancements. The key findings presented here provide valuable insights for researchers aiming to leverage TMDs in the development of next‐generation sensor technologies, with a focus on optimizing sensitivity and selectivity.
Innovative Application of Functionalized Polyaniline-Based Nanocomposite Electrode Material for Supercapacitor (A Review) A. Saraswat, S. Shekhar, D. Kumar Pandey Russian Journal of General Chemistry, 2025 Abstract Energy supply is a crucial topic that is currently being discussed in many countries for an assortment of applications, encompassing medical, transportation, and communication. Consequently, many chemists are eager to propose superior materials and components for the fabrication of devices with positive electrochemical performances. It is important to remember that the efficacy of electrochemistry determines the material utilized in energy supply devices like supercapacitors. Many chemists are motivated by this to develop appropriate materials and composites for energy gadgets. Composites of nanocarbon conducting polyaniline show promise as electrode ingredients for these kinds of energy storage classifications. Composite hybrids are predicted to have a noteworthy impression on the clean and efficient energy systems of the future because of their stability in a foreseeable environment, inexpensive, and high electroactivity, and pseudo-capacitance polymers. An outline of recent studies and significant developments regarding the fabrication of conducting polyaniline-based hybridized nanocomposite electrodes for supercapacitors is presented in this article. The electrochemistry of functionalized polyaniline polymer nano-composites is discussed in this manuscript due to its wide-ranging effects on energy production through strong redox reactions. Here, we have focused on developing polyaniline-based nanocomposite architectures that have been altered to advance them technologically through allied pendant sulfonic acid groups, carbonaceous materials, and transition metal oxide groups. These materials are very effective in today’s energy supply devices because of their ion exchange, low reaction energy, and simple electrochemical reactions. Discussions are held regarding the difficulties and viewpoints associated with the logical design and production of polyaniline hybridized nanocomposites for energy storage. This could be a future innovation that helps administrators maintain control and a balanced approach to further meet practical needs.
Electrochemical Aspect of the Synthesis of 2-Nitroethanol-Based Heteroarchitecture A. Saraswat Russian Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2023 Abstract The compatibility of several functional groups appeared much tapered in classical coupling organic reaction due to the use of strong bases, organic solvents, and reagents. Therefore, an innovative electrochemical strategy of activating an acidic hydrogen in the ethanol/lithium perchlorate system has been described to accomplish the criteria of ecological footprint for the synthesis of 2-nitroethanol-based heteroarchitecture. This innovative protocol is simple and clean, and it sets the stage for designing molecular hydrogen via in situ electrogenerated base (EGBS). After screening different solvents, it has been found that the ethanol/lithium perchlorate electrolyte system has unleashed power that indirectly activates an acidic hydrogen in an active methylene compound. For clarity, a concise study has been performed on dissociation constant value and its effect on redox potential that is stimulated indirectly through electrical input. This tactic offers several advantages such as a cleaner reaction profile, shorter reaction time, simple workup procedure, and excellent yield.
An Overview of 3d Metalla-Electrochemical Functionalization for Sustainable Organic Transformations (A Review) A. Saraswat, S. Kumar Russian Journal of General Chemistry, 2023 Abstract To enhance the potency of molecular synthesis, selective oxidative alteration of otherwise inert C–H bonds via transition metal has perceived major attention in the field of coordination chemistry. Academicians wish to capitalize such Csp2–H bond activation/functionalization via cross-coupling such as amination, oxygenation, thiolation, annulation reaction, etc. Despite substantial progress, conventional oxidative C–H activations are generally dominated by precious 4d or 5d transition metal catalysts such as palladium, ruthenium, iridium, and rhodium and less towards economical 3d transition metals such as nickel, cobalt, copper, and manganese. Both approaches compromise the sustainable nature of the C–H activation protocol as it employs the stoichiometric amount of oxidant under a mild condition causing the selective issue of reductive elimination from the metal center and so forth thus forming by-products which is difficult to separate and thus reduce atom economy that limit catalyst turnover that is a major problem in C–H activation step. Favorable sustainability can be procured by the application of electrochemical tools as renewable resources on the stage of C–H activation chemistry catalyzed by transition metals thus, making the procedure environmentally benign. In this scenario, electro-organic mediated functionalization via 3d transition metals is a resource-economical alternative technique that inherits the general idea of economic sustainability due to its inexpensive nature, variable oxidation state, and high chemical reactivity towards various functional groups with unmet site selectivity in an organic molecule. Such electro-organic mediated functionalization via 3d transition metals inspires to develop of selective products via minimization of undesired side reactions which in turn excites the reaction developments on the enhanced energy efficiency of atom economy products with a wide range of functional groups tolerance and thus replacing classical reaction methods and chemical oxidants. This mini-review pays attention to the C–H activation/functionalization of the bond to C–C, C–N, and C–Miscellaneous (P, O, and S) bond linkage by employing different earth-abundant 3d transition metals such as nickel, copper, cobalt and manganese’s using the electrochemical tool until 2023.
Anodic mediated synthesis and antifungal study of bis-1,3,4-oxadiazoles (Journal of the Indian Chemical Society (2013) 90, (991-996)) Journal of the Indian Chemical Society, 2013
Anodic mediated synthesis and antifungal study of bis-1,3,4-oxadiazoles Journal of the Indian Chemical Society, 2013
Electrogenerated base: A green protocol for synthesis of arylidene malononitrile Journal of the Indian Chemical Society, 2012
Electrochemical methoxylation of some benzaldehyde derivatives at platinum electrode Journal of the Indian Chemical Society, 2011
One-step synthesis of carbon-sulphur heterocyclic ring by electrochemical reduction of carbon disulphide at platinum electrode Journal of the Indian Chemical Society, 2010
RECENT SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
Exploring the Application of Polyaniline Nanocomposites in the Fabrication of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells S Shekhar, A Saraswat Russian Journal of General Chemistry 95 (11), 3308-3319 , 2025 2025
Sulfonate/sulfonic-acid pendant chain containing reactive polymer composites for green energy technologies: future prospects A Saraswat, S Kumar Polymer Bulletin 82 (15), 9747-9786 , 2025 2025 Citations: 4
Analysis of DFT-Based Investigated Nanomaterial for Future Promising Aspects for Storing Hydrogen (A Mini-Review) DK Pandey, S Pandey, A Saraswat Russian Journal of General Chemistry 95 (9), 2336-2349 , 2025 2025
Advancements in 2D TMDs as Sensors: From Materials to Real‐World Applications S Ambreen, DK Gupta, H Kumar, A Sharma, S Arun, S Kumar, A Saraswat, ... Luminescence 40 (8), e70273 , 2025 2025 Citations: 7
Innovative application of functionalized polyaniline-based nanocomposite electrode material for supercapacitor (a review) A Saraswat, S Shekhar, DK Pandey Russian Journal of General Chemistry 95 (4), 800-814 , 2025 2025 Citations: 4
Chapter-8 Nanocomposites Based on Polyaniline: A Pathway to High-Performance Supercapacitors A Saraswat Emerging Frontiers in Polymer Composites (Adhesives, Catalysts, and Future … , 2025 2025
Cutting-edge applications of polyaniline composites towards futuristic energy supply devices ASS Kumar European Polymer Journal2 200, 112501 , 2023 2023 Citations: 26
A topical study of electrochemical response of functionalized conducting polyaniline: an overview A Saraswat, S Kumar European Polymer Journal 182, 111714 , 2023 2023 Citations: 47
Electrochemical Aspect of the Synthesis of 2-Nitroethanol-Based Heteroarchitecture A Saraswat Russian Journal of Organic Chemistry 59 (No. 6), pp. 1041–1047 , 2023 2023 Citations: 2
Mini-review on the functionalization of C–H bond to CX linkage via metalla-electrocatalyzed tool A Saraswat, A Sharma Journal of the Indian Chemical Society 98 (12), 100247 , 2021 2021 Citations: 4
Revitalization of electro-catalysis for the formation of organic scaffolds A Saraswat, A Sharma Journal of the Indian Chemical Society 98 (9), 100130 , 2021 2021 Citations: 3
Overview on cumulative synthetic approaches for chalcone based functionalized scaffolds A Sharma, A Saraswat Journal of the Indian Chemical Society 98 (2), 100028 , 2021 2021 Citations: 7
An Ecocentric Electrocatalyzed Oxidation of Aromatic Compounds at Platinum Electrode MK Srivastav, A Saraswat EMERGING TRENDS OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES &, 81 , 2020 2020
Studies on the electrochemical parameters of potentiodynamic electrocopolymerization of aniline A Saraswat, MK Srivastav, RKP Singh Asian Journal of Chemistry 32 (11), 2778-2782 , 2020 2020 Citations: 2
Electro-organic mediated synthesis of bis-1, 3, 4-oxadiazoles and evaluation of their antifungal activity LK Sharma, A Saraswat, S Singh, MK Srivastav, RKP Singh Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India Section A: Physical … , 2015 2015 Citations: 13
Electrochemical behaviour of aldehyde- N -arylhydrazones at platinum electrode and their characterization S Singh, LK Sharma, A Saraswat, IR Siddiqui, RKP Singh Russian Journal of Electrochemistry 50 (9), 831-837 , 2014 2014 Citations: 2
Electrochemical oxidation of aldehyde- N -arylhydrazones into symmetrical-2,5-disubstituted-1,3,4-oxadiazoles S Singh, LK Sharma, A Saraswat, IR Siddiqui, RKP Singh Research on Chemical Intermediates 40 (3), 947-960 , 2014 2014 Citations: 13
Anodic cyclization: a protocol for the green synthesis of 2, 5-disubstituted 1, 3, 4-oxadiazoles S Singh, LK Sharma, A Saraswat, MK Srivastava, IR Siddiqui, RKP Singh Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds 49 (10), 1508-1514 , 2014 2014 Citations: 8
ANODIC CYCLIZATION: A PROTOCOL FOR THE GREEN SYNTHESIS OF 2, 5-DISUBSTITUTED 1, 3, 4-OXADIAZOLES S Singh, LK Sharma, A Saraswat, MK Srivastava, IR Siddiqui, RKP Singh Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds, 1626-1632 , 2013 2013
Anodic fluorination of 4-methoxy-1-naphthol and 4-nitroanisole using Et 3 N · 5 HF in mixed nonaqueous solvent A Saraswat, LK Sharma, S Singh, IR Siddiqui, RKP Singh Russian Journal of Organic Chemistry 49 (9), 1287-1290 , 2013 2013 Citations: 9
MOST CITED SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
A topical study of electrochemical response of functionalized conducting polyaniline: an overview A Saraswat, S Kumar European Polymer Journal 182, 111714 , 2023 2023 Citations: 47
Electrosynthesis and screening of novel 1, 3, 4-oxadiazoles as potent and selective antifungal agents S Singh, LK Sharma, A Saraswat, IR Siddiqui, HK Kehri, RKP Singh RSC advances 3 (13), 4237-4245 , 2013 2013 Citations: 46
Cutting-edge applications of polyaniline composites towards futuristic energy supply devices ASS Kumar European Polymer Journal2 200, 112501 , 2023 2023 Citations: 26
Electrochemical assisted synthesis and characterization of perchloric acid-doped aniline-functionalized copolymers A Saraswat, LK Sharma, S Singh, RKP Singh Synthetic metals 167, 31-36 , 2013 2013 Citations: 17
A novel electro‐organic synthesis of aniline‐based copolymers at platinum electrodes A Saraswat, L Kant Sharma, MK Srivastava, IR Siddiqui, RKP Singh Journal of applied polymer science 123 (3), 1479-1485 , 2012 2012 Citations: 17
Chemoselective Henry reaction catalyzed by electro-generated base A Saraswat, LK Sharma, S Singh, IR Siddiqui, RKP Singh Research on Chemical Intermediates 39 (3), 1393-1399 , 2013 2013 Citations: 14
Electrochemically initiated oxidative cyclization: a versatile route for the synthesis of 5-substituted 2-amino-1, 3, 4-oxadiazoles S Singh, LK Sharma, A Saraswat, RKP Singh Monatshefte für Chemie-Chemical Monthly 143 (10), 1427-1430 , 2012 2012 Citations: 14
Electro-organic mediated synthesis of bis-1, 3, 4-oxadiazoles and evaluation of their antifungal activity LK Sharma, A Saraswat, S Singh, MK Srivastav, RKP Singh Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India Section A: Physical … , 2015 2015 Citations: 13
Electrochemical oxidation of aldehyde- N -arylhydrazones into symmetrical-2,5-disubstituted-1,3,4-oxadiazoles S Singh, LK Sharma, A Saraswat, IR Siddiqui, RKP Singh Research on Chemical Intermediates 40 (3), 947-960 , 2014 2014 Citations: 13
Anodic fluorination of 4-methoxy-1-naphthol and 4-nitroanisole using Et 3 N · 5 HF in mixed nonaqueous solvent A Saraswat, LK Sharma, S Singh, IR Siddiqui, RKP Singh Russian Journal of Organic Chemistry 49 (9), 1287-1290 , 2013 2013 Citations: 9
Anodic cyclization: a protocol for the green synthesis of 2, 5-disubstituted 1, 3, 4-oxadiazoles S Singh, LK Sharma, A Saraswat, MK Srivastava, IR Siddiqui, RKP Singh Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds 49 (10), 1508-1514 , 2014 2014 Citations: 8
Advancements in 2D TMDs as Sensors: From Materials to Real‐World Applications S Ambreen, DK Gupta, H Kumar, A Sharma, S Arun, S Kumar, A Saraswat, ... Luminescence 40 (8), e70273 , 2025 2025 Citations: 7
Overview on cumulative synthetic approaches for chalcone based functionalized scaffolds A Sharma, A Saraswat Journal of the Indian Chemical Society 98 (2), 100028 , 2021 2021 Citations: 7
One-step synthesis of carbon-sulphur heterocyclic ring by electrochemical reduction of carbon disulphide at platinum electrode MK Srivastav, A Saraswat, LK Sharma, RKP Singh Journal of the Indian Chemical Society 87 (9), 1131-1135 , 2010 2010 Citations: 6
A one-pot electro oxidative nuclear and side chain acetoxylation of aromatic compounds at platinum electrode MK Srivastav, A Saraswat, RKP Singh Oriental Journal of Chemistry 26 (1), 61 , 2010 2010 Citations: 6
Electrochemical Methoxylation of Some Benzaldehyde Derivatives at Platinum Electrode. LK Sharma, A Saraswat, H Kumar, MK Srivastav, RKP Singh ChemInform 43 (11), no-no , 2012 2012 Citations: 5
Sulfonate/sulfonic-acid pendant chain containing reactive polymer composites for green energy technologies: future prospects A Saraswat, S Kumar Polymer Bulletin 82 (15), 9747-9786 , 2025 2025 Citations: 4
Innovative application of functionalized polyaniline-based nanocomposite electrode material for supercapacitor (a review) A Saraswat, S Shekhar, DK Pandey Russian Journal of General Chemistry 95 (4), 800-814 , 2025 2025 Citations: 4
Mini-review on the functionalization of C–H bond to CX linkage via metalla-electrocatalyzed tool A Saraswat, A Sharma Journal of the Indian Chemical Society 98 (12), 100247 , 2021 2021 Citations: 4
Electrogenerated base: A green protocol for synthesis of arylidene malononitrile A Saraswat, LK Sharma, RKP Singh Journal of the Indian Chemical Society 89 (1), 111-115 , 2012 2012 Citations: 4