Future Outlook and Opportunities in Sustainable Fuel Cell Technologies: Pathways to a Clean Energy Future A. Santhoshkumar, Vinoth Thangarasu, Ponmurugan Muthusamy, S. Jaisankar, A. Gnana Sagaya Raj, K. Manoj Prabhakar, Muthu Dinesh Kumar Ramaswamy Sustainable Materials for Fuel Cell Technologies, 2025 There is a need to transition to a future energy system that is more ecologically friendly because the existing state of the energy supply is considered unsustainable. During this shift, hydrogen appears as a promising fuel. This paper explores specific developments in technology and design issues related to fuel cell and hydrogen generating technologies. The evolution of fuel cell technology has progressed, technology is closely related to the advancement of hydrogen-based technologies. This paper explores the advancements in stationary power production devices and electric cars powered by fuel cells in the commercial market. It also discusses specific policy implications and key economies’ roadmaps for the hydrogen transition, as well as the potential and problems associated with the commercial acceptance of these products.
Bayesian Regularization Neural Network-Based Machine Learning Approach on Optimization of CRDI-Split Injection with Waste Cooking Oil Biodiesel to Improve Diesel Engine Performance Babu Dharmalingam, Santhoshkumar Annamalai, Sukunya Areeya, Kittipong Rattanaporn, Keerthi Katam, Pau-Loke Show, Malinee Sriariyanun Energies, 2023 The present study utilized response surface methodology (RSM) and Bayesian neural network (BNN) to predict the characteristics of a diesel engine powered by a blend of biodiesel and diesel fuel. The biodiesel was produced from waste cooking oil using a biocatalyst synthesized from vegetable waste through the wet impregnation technique. A multilevel central composite design was utilized to predict engine characteristics, including brake thermal efficiency (BTE), nitric oxide (NO), unburned hydrocarbons (UBHC), smoke emissions, heat release rate (HRR), and cylinder peak pressure (CGPP). BNN and the logistic–sigmoid activation function were used to train the experimental data in the artificial neural network (ANN) model, and the errors and correlations of the predicted models were calculated. The study revealed that the biocatalyst was capable of producing a maximum yield of 93% at 55 °C under specific reaction conditions, namely a reaction time of 120 min, a stirrer speed of 900 rpm, a catalyst loading of 7 wt.%, and a molar ratio of 1:9. Further, the ANN model was found to exhibit comparably lower prediction errors (0.001–0.0024), lower MAPE errors (3.14–4.6%), and a strong correlation (0.984–0.998) compared to the RSM model. B100-80%-20% was discovered to be the best formulation for emission property, while B100-90%-10% was the best mix for engine performance and combustion at 100% load. In conclusion, this study found that utilizing the synthesized biocatalyst led to attaining a maximum biodiesel yield. Furthermore, the study recommends using ANN and RSM techniques for accurately predicting the characteristics of a diesel engine.
A Comprehensive Review of Bio-catalyst Synthesis, Characterization, and Feedstock Selection for Biodiesel Synthesis Using Different Methods Babu Dharmalingam, Malinee Sriariyanun, Anand Ramanathan, A. Santhoshkumar, Selvakumar Ramalingam, R. Deepakkumar, Kasturi Bhattacharya Waste to Profit Environmental Concerns and Sustainable Development, 2023 Petroleum diesel prices have been increased every day due to continuous usage in automobile industries and agricultural vehicles as well as depletion of fossil fuels and industrialization. Diesel engines emit undesirable emissions which are harmful to human beings and create environmental pollution and global warming. The scarcity of traditional fossil fuels and the increased pollution produced by fossil fuel combustion requires a new alternative sustainable biofuel for the CI engine. Biodiesel has been utilized as a sustainable alternative fuel for diesel engines for many years, due to its fuel properties, availability, and cost of the feedstock. Biodiesel is synthesized from different feedstock through the transesterification process using a homogeneous catalyst. Despite the good reaction rate and biodiesel yield, it could not recover and reuse the catalyst for further reaction. Therefore, it increased the biodiesel production cost. As a result, this chapter has comprehensively discussed the various heterogeneous catalysts, bio-catalyst synthesis, and characterization for biodiesel production. In addition, different feedstock for biodiesel production and also different production techniques such as microwave-assisted transesterification and ultrasonic-assisted transesterification are discussed in this chapter.
Transesterified palm oil as an alternate fuel for compression ignition engine IEEE International Conference on Advances in Engineering Science and Management Icaesm 2012, 2012
Transesterified palm oil as an alternate fuel for compression ignition engine IEEE International Conference on Advances in Engineering Science and Management Icaesm 2012, 2012
Modeling and prediction of air conditioning condensate generation: Experimental validation and environmental benefits P Dhamodharan, T Mohanraj, S Annamalai, R Prabakaran, GS Choi, ... Case Studies in Thermal Engineering, 108086 , 2026 2026
Enhancing energy efficiency and reducing emissions in biodiesel-powered diesel engines through PCCI combustion approach and response surface methodology optimization A Tamilvanan, P Yuvarani, T Mohanraj, B Ashok, P Selvakumar, ... Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 1-23 , 2026 2026 Citations: 1
Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carriers (LOHCs) DN Bukke, M Ramaswamy, V Thangarasu, S Annamalai Hydrogen Energy Production and Fuel Generation, 473-488 , 2025 2025 Citations: 1
Future Outlook and Opportunities in Sustainable Fuel Cell Technologies: Pathways to a Clean Energy Future A Santhoshkumar, V Thangarasu, P Muthusamy, S Jaisankar, AGS Raj, ... Sustainable Materials for Fuel Cell Technologies, 299-310 , 2025 2025
Analyses of Cold Thermal Energy Storage Systems Using Eutectic Mixtures of Inorganic Hydrated Salts as Phase Change Materials P Vasanthkumar, A Santhoshkumar, P Gopika, M Murali, C Meera Automotive Technical Papers , 2025 2025 Citations: 2
Development and analysis of air-conditioning condensate assisted compact cooler unit: a novel approach in condensate recovery SCK Palanisamy Dhamodharan, Bakthavatsalam Kannappan Ayalur, Santhoshkumar ... Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 1-14 , 2024 2024 Citations: 5
Current state of research in air-conditioning condensate utilization and challenges: A review approach P Dhamodharan, BK Ayalur, R Prabakaran, AS Kumar, GS Choi, SC Kim Applied Thermal Engineering 233, 121171 , 2023 2023 Citations: 23
A Comprehensive Review of Bio-catalyst Synthesis, Characterization, and Feedstock Selection for Biodiesel Synthesis Using Different Methods B Dharmalingam, M Sriariyanun, A Ramanathan, A Santhoshkumar, ... Waste to Profit, 261-270 , 2023 2023
Bayesian regularization neural Network-Based machine learning approach on optimization of CRDI-Split injection with waste cooking oil biodiesel to improve diesel engine performance B Dharmalingam, S Annamalai, S Areeya, K Rattanaporn, K Katam, ... Energies 16 (6), 2805 , 2023 2023 Citations: 18
Challenges and Evolution of Low Temperature Combustion Techniques in Internal Combustion Engines for Biodiesel Fuel B Dharmalingam, A Santhoshkumar วารสาร วิชาการ พระจอมเกล้า พระนครเหนือ 33 (2), 351-354 , 2023 2023 Citations: 1
Experimental and empirical analysis of performance, combustion and emission characteristics of diesel engine fueled with pyrolysis waste engine oil under single and split … A Santhoshkumar, V Thangarasu, A Ramanathan Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments 55, 102893 , 2023 2023 Citations: 19
Enhancement of energy conversion and emission reduction of Calophyllum inophyllum biodiesel in diesel engine using reactivity controlled compression ignition strategy and … A Tamilvanan, T Mohanraj, B Ashok, A Santhoshkumar Energy 264, 126168 , 2023 2023 Citations: 39
ความ ท้้า ท้าย และ ความ ก้้า ว ห น้้า ของ เท้ ค น้ิ ค ก้า ร เผา ไหม้ ไบ โอ ดีี เซล ท้ี อุณห ภูู มิ ต่ ำ ภูา ย ใน้ เค ร่ อง ย น้ ต่์ สัั น้ ดีา ป Challenges and Evolution of Low Temperature Combustion … A Santhoshkumar, B Dharmalingam, M Sriariyanun 2023
A review on different additives and advanced injection strategy on diesel engine characteristics fuelled with first, second and third generation biodiesel B Dharmalingam, S Ramalingam, A Santhoshkumar, MP Gundupalli, ... Materials Today: Proceedings 72, 2909-2914 , 2023 2023 Citations: 16
Experimental and empirical analysis of a diesel engine fuelled with ternary blends of diesel, waste cooking sunflower oil biodiesel and diethyl ether BD Naik, U Meivelu, V Thangarasu, S Annamalai, V Sivasankaralingam Fuel 320, 123961 , 2022 2022 Citations: 39
Impact of exhaust gas recirculation and split injection strategy combustion behavior on premixed charge compression ignition engine fuelled with moringa oleifera methyl ester S Ramalingam, D Babu, A Santhoshkumar, R Deepakkumar, D Ravikanth Fuel 319, 123702 , 2022 2022 Citations: 15
An experimental investigation of the effect of liquified petroleum gas addition on dual fuel diesel engine fuelled with pyrolysis waste engine oil AR A.Santhoshkumar, Zahir Hussain A Materials today proceedings , 2020 2020 Citations: 10
Assessment of pyrolysis waste engine oil as an alternative fuel source for diesel engine: A. Zahir Hussain et al. A Zahir Hussain, A Santhoshkumar, A Ramanathan Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 141 (6), 2277-2293 , 2020 2020 Citations: 42
Recycling of waste engine oil through pyrolysis process for the production of diesel like fuel and its uses in diesel engine AR A.Santhoshkumar Energy , 2020 2020 Citations: 58
Energy and life cycle assessment of solar assisted microwave pyrolysis of waste biomass A Santhoshkumar, A Ramanathan IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 312 (1), 012017 , 2019 2019 Citations: 9
MOST CITED SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
Use of palm oil biodiesel blends as a fuel for compression ignition engine. B Deepanraj, C Dhanesh, R Senthil, M Kannan, A Santhoshkumar, ... 2011 Citations: 76
Recycling of waste engine oil through pyrolysis process for the production of diesel like fuel and its uses in diesel engine AR A.Santhoshkumar Energy , 2020 2020 Citations: 58
Assessment of pyrolysis waste engine oil as an alternative fuel source for diesel engine: A. Zahir Hussain et al. A Zahir Hussain, A Santhoshkumar, A Ramanathan Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 141 (6), 2277-2293 , 2020 2020 Citations: 42
Performance, combustion, and emission characteristics of DI diesel engine using mahua biodiesel A Santhoshkumar, V Thangarasu, R Anand Advanced Biofuels, 291-327 , 2019 2019 Citations: 40
Enhancement of energy conversion and emission reduction of Calophyllum inophyllum biodiesel in diesel engine using reactivity controlled compression ignition strategy and … A Tamilvanan, T Mohanraj, B Ashok, A Santhoshkumar Energy 264, 126168 , 2023 2023 Citations: 39
Experimental and empirical analysis of a diesel engine fuelled with ternary blends of diesel, waste cooking sunflower oil biodiesel and diethyl ether BD Naik, U Meivelu, V Thangarasu, S Annamalai, V Sivasankaralingam Fuel 320, 123961 , 2022 2022 Citations: 39
Modification and analysis of compressor intercooler fin in turbocharger using FEM NS Kumar, CK Dhinakarraj, B Deepanraj, NM Babu, A Santhoshkumar Procedia Engineering 38, 379-384 , 2012 2012 Citations: 25
Current state of research in air-conditioning condensate utilization and challenges: A review approach P Dhamodharan, BK Ayalur, R Prabakaran, AS Kumar, GS Choi, SC Kim Applied Thermal Engineering 233, 121171 , 2023 2023 Citations: 23
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Experimental and empirical analysis of performance, combustion and emission characteristics of diesel engine fueled with pyrolysis waste engine oil under single and split … A Santhoshkumar, V Thangarasu, A Ramanathan Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments 55, 102893 , 2023 2023 Citations: 19
Bayesian regularization neural Network-Based machine learning approach on optimization of CRDI-Split injection with waste cooking oil biodiesel to improve diesel engine performance B Dharmalingam, S Annamalai, S Areeya, K Rattanaporn, K Katam, ... Energies 16 (6), 2805 , 2023 2023 Citations: 18
A review on different additives and advanced injection strategy on diesel engine characteristics fuelled with first, second and third generation biodiesel B Dharmalingam, S Ramalingam, A Santhoshkumar, MP Gundupalli, ... Materials Today: Proceedings 72, 2909-2914 , 2023 2023 Citations: 16
Impact of exhaust gas recirculation and split injection strategy combustion behavior on premixed charge compression ignition engine fuelled with moringa oleifera methyl ester S Ramalingam, D Babu, A Santhoshkumar, R Deepakkumar, D Ravikanth Fuel 319, 123702 , 2022 2022 Citations: 15
An experimental investigation of the effect of liquified petroleum gas addition on dual fuel diesel engine fuelled with pyrolysis waste engine oil AR A.Santhoshkumar, Zahir Hussain A Materials today proceedings , 2020 2020 Citations: 10
Transesterified palm oil as an alternate fuel for compression ignition engine B Deepanraj, V Sivaramakrishnan, P Lawrence, NS Kumar, ... IEEE-International Conference On Advances In Engineering, Science And … , 2012 2012 Citations: 10
Energy and life cycle assessment of solar assisted microwave pyrolysis of waste biomass A Santhoshkumar, A Ramanathan IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 312 (1), 012017 , 2019 2019 Citations: 9
Performance and emission characteristics of low heat rejection diesel engine fuelled with rice bran oil biodiesel G Arunkumar, A Santhoshkumar, M Vivek, LA Raman, ... Advanced Materials Research 768, 245-249 , 2013 2013 Citations: 9
Effective utilization of high-grade energy through thermochemical conversion of different wastes A Santhoshkumar, R Muthu Dinesh Kumar, D Babu, V Thangarasu, ... Pollutants from Energy Sources: Characterization and Control, 189-251 , 2018 2018 Citations: 6
Thermal performance of a two phase closed thermosyphon charged with different working fluids M Kannan, J Murugan, B Deepanraj, A Santhoshkumar Daffodil International University Journal of Science And Technology 9 (1) , 2014 2014 Citations: 6