Simulation of Cognitive Electronic Warfare System With Sine and Square Waves Krishna K Naik Defence Science Journal, 2023 Today’s Electronic Warfare (EW) receivers need advanced technology to achieve real-time surveillance operations. Dynamic and intelligent systems are required for UAVs and other airborne applications. The airborne Electronic Warfare systems must be knowledge-based systems, learning from the threat scenario with highly integrated capabilities to detect, react, and adapt to radar threats in real-time. Artificial intelligence is a machine-dependent process, by adapting certain rules and logic supported by human intelligence, AI can be used for cognitive processing. Cognitive signal processing is required for making the system autonomous and dynamic in nature. Military action on radar signatures requires a set of commands to be executed dynamically with the help of the proposed EW system. It is proposed to design and develop a cognitive EW architecture and simulation of machine learning that combines neural network architecture with the help of sine and square waves as input. This paper presents the Cognitive signal processing for EW systems with Neural Network, Recurrent Neural Network (RNN), Machine learning (ML), and Deep learning (DL) techniques with their simulation with sine and square waves.
Multi GNSS (IRNSS-L5, IRNSS-S1, and GPS-L1) Hybrid Simulator: A Reconfigurable Low-cost Solution for Research and Defence Applications B. Sathish Nayak, Sidharth Bhonge, K. Krishna Naik, Odelu Ojjela, Surendra Pal Defence Science Journal, 2022 Satellite-based positioning field of research is growing rapidly as there is an increase in demand for precise position requirements in various civil and commercial applications. There are many errors that affect the GNSS signals while propagation from satellite to receiver, which eventually induces errors in pseudo-range measurements. In order to assess the receiver characteristics for a specific error condition, the real-time signals may not be appropriate, and it is challenging to perform repeated experiments with the same error condition. The advantage of the GNSS simulator is that users can model the different scenarios for any given location on the globe, which are repeatable at any point of time. The conventional hardware simulators are expensive and have few limitations. In this paper, a reconfigurable hybrid simulator is proposed with some advantages over traditional hardware simulators, such as low cost, reconfigurability, and controllability over fundamental parameters. It can be able to record intermediate stage data, which makes it more suitable for the GNSS research field. The proposed multi-GNSS simulator considered implementing IRNSS-L5, IRNSS-S1, and GPS-L1 band signals. A general-purpose computer can perform the necessary calculations for signal generation. The hybrid simulator can be able to generate the digital I/Q data, which can be stored as I/Q data or can be connected to a general-purpose SDR (Software Defined Radio) for RF signal generation (bladeRF in this case). The I/Q data can be used with the software receiver to analyse the receiver performance concerning the specific error. The generated GNSS signals are validated with software and hardware receivers, and the obtained position is observed as expected.
NOMURA: A Spectrally Efficient Non-orthogonal 5G Multiple Access Downlink Scheme for Cognitive Radio Ajit Singh, K. Krishna Naik, C.R.S. Kumar IETE Technical Review Institution of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineers India, 2020 Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) is now becoming an impeding rather than a sustainable technology for realizing the vision of 5G due to its tight synchronization, orthogonality constraints, and significant bandwidth wastage due to Cyclic Prefix. To overcome this limitation, several non-orthogonal schemes have been introduced as candidates for upcoming 5G technology for providing flexible, reliable, fair and high-speed multiple access to users and/or devices. A combination of Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) and Universal Filtered Multi-Carrier (UFMC) is found suitable for downlink scenario. We propose NOMA-UFMC-based Radio Access (NOMURA) scheme, which is asynchronous, bandwidth efficient and provides higher throughput. The proposed scheme is non-orthogonal in two aspects: (1) NOMA provides resources to different users via power scaling while utilizing same frequency resources, and (2) UFMC allows for a slight delay in synchronization, hence not strictly compliant with orthogonality requirements. The components of the proposed scheme, namely NOMA and UFMC, are backward compatible with OFDMA ensuring trivial application of Multiple Input Multiple Output and other performance enhancement measures already developed for OFDMA. We provide simulation results benchmarked against OFDMA and Filter Bank Multi-Carrier-Filtered Multi-Tone and show that NOMURA is more apt for flexible bandwidth allocations, active cancellation, higher throughput and provides equivalent Bit Error Rate performance under AWGN and Rayleigh fading conditions.
Analysis of multipath mitigation techniques in GNSS for pseudorange error reduction Sathish Nayak B, Krishna Naik K, Odelu Ojjela Proceedings 2019 5th International Conference on Computing Communication Control and Automation Iccubea 2019, 2019 In satellite based navigation system the location accuracy depends on how accurately the pseudorange is measured. The pseudorange, the distance from satellite to receiver and is measured by the time taken for the signal to travel from satellite to receiver multiplied by speed of light. There are several factors affecting the measured delay, like ionospheric and tropospheric delays, clock errors, ephemeris error and multipath error, etc. These errors (in terms of delays) are directly reflected in pseudorange error. Among these errors multipath is the type of error which depends on the receiver antenna position. The received signal consists of Line Of Sight (LOS) signal along with reflected signals. The accurate measure of the delay corresponding to LOS is crucial, when the received signal is corrupted with multipath reflected signals. To reduce this error in pseudorange measurements there are several methods in use, starting from simple antenna based methods to sophisticated adaptive filtering based LOS signal estimation methods. The conventional methods follow Early Minus Late delay lock loop approach to measure the code phase by detecting correlation peak of the received signal with locally generated code sequence. Correlator spacing between early and late is limited by the front end bandwidth of the receiver. The advanced multipath mitigation methods use adaptive filtering techniques to estimate the fundamental LOS signal parameters viz delay, amplitude and phase. The approximation of LOS correlation function from the received signal is based on some measurement metrics of the signal. These LOS correlation function estimation based methods are capable of mitigating multipath error in closely spaced multipath scenarios. In this paper the signal model of the received signal, correlation function representation when the three reflected paths present along with the LOS signal and the study of different multipath mitigation methods are discussed.
Heterogeneous Wireless Network for IoT Applications Sagar Shriram Salwe, Karamtot Krishna Naik IETE Technical Review Institution of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineers India, 2019 Internet of Things (IoT) can connect billions of devices and services at anytime, anyplace with diverse applications. Heterogeneous network provides Always Best Connected network between the various technologies. We consider a hybrid network among recent Bluetooth and Wi-Fi technologies to provide the IoT applications. Bluetooth low energy (BLE) works with the minimum amount of power and data rate, sufficient to handle the IoT applications. Wi-Fi Alliance also developed the IEEE 802.11ah which is specifically designed for IoT applications. In this paper, we performed heterogeneous wireless network scenario between the advanced IEEE 802.15.1 (BLE) and IEEE 802.11ah (HaLow) based on Receive Signal Strength as threshold parameter for vertical handover. The simulation results show the Bluetooth versions of Basic Rate, BLE, and Wi-Fi (HaLow) network with the data rate increment after the handover.
ASK Based Image Transmission for Aerial Applications Pallavi Ghorpade, Sangram S. More, K. Krishna Naik Proceedings of the International Conference on Inventive Research in Computing Applications Icirca 2018, 2018
Handover in multiband Transceiver Amit Naik, K Krishna Naik Proceedings of 2016 International Conference on ICT in Business Industry and Government Ictbig 2016, 2017
Wavelet Denoising of Inertial Sensor Input Data for Gnss-ins Integration: Simulation Approach KK Naik 2025
Hexapod for Remote Monitoring Using Internet of Things R Vani, R Athilingam, K Krishna Naik, J Krishnaiah Doctoral Symposium on Computational Intelligence, 171-181 , 2025 2025
Design and Simulation of Cooperative Vehicular Communication Network Using enhanced AODV Protocol FS Sowdagar, KN Karamtot Wireless Personal Communications, 1-28 , 2024 2024
IRNSS/NavIC software receiver design with squared correlators code discriminator (SCCD) multipath mitigation method BS Nayak, KK Naik, O Ojjela, S Pal Sādhanā 49 (3), 200 , 2024 2024 Citations: 1
Simulation and analysis of 5G waveforms to reduce BER for vehicular communications FS Sowdagar, KN Karamtot Vehicular Communications 47, 100777 , 2024 2024 Citations: 6
Network Congestion Visualization for Vehicular Communication using Streamlit Approach MS Kalluri, KN Karamtoti 2024 Citations: 1
Simulation of Radar Modulation Estimation Using Curvelet Transform for EW Applications KK Naik Journal of Information Warfare 23 (2), 1-23 , 2024 2024
GPS Receiver Simplification for Low cost Applications and Multipath Mitigation Analysis on SDR based Re Configurable Software Receiver BS Nayak, KK Naik, O Ojjela, S Pal Defence Science Journal 73 (06), 699-711 , 2023 2023 Citations: 2
Simulation of cognitive electronic warfare system with sine and square waves KK Naik Defence Science Journal 73 (4), 429-436 , 2023 2023 Citations: 1
Multi-Band Transceiver for Tracking Application A Naik International Journal of Computer Applications , 2021 2021
Smart Wireless System For Different Wireless Technologies A Naik, KK Naik JIMS8I International Journal of Information Communication and Computing … , 2021 2021
Analysis of QoS (Quality of service) Parameters and routing protocols in multiband transceiver A Naik, KK Naik JIMS8I-International Journal of Information Communication and Computing … , 2021 2021
NOMURA: A spectrally efficient non-orthogonal 5G multiple access downlink scheme for cognitive radio A Singh, KK Naik, CRS Kumar IETE Technical Review 37 (1), 56-65 , 2020 2020 Citations: 2
Multipath Mitigation Techniques for Range Error Reduction in PN Ranging Systems S Nayak, KK Naik, O Ojjela International Conference on Communication, Devices and Networking, 237-245 , 2019 2019
Analysis of multipath mitigation techniques in GNSS for pseudorange error reduction S Nayak, K Naik, O Ojjela 2019 5th International Conference On Computing, Communication, Control And … , 2019 2019 Citations: 3
Novel pilot-aided channel estimation scheme for power domain NOMA-UFMC system in fading scenarios A Singh, KK Naik, CRS Kumar 2019 International Conference on Range Technology (ICORT), 1-5 , 2019 2019 Citations: 9
Heterogeneous wireless network for IoT applications SS Salwe, KK Naik IETE Technical Review 36 (1), 61-68 , 2019 2019 Citations: 31
OFDM-based TVWS-IEEE standards: A survey of PHY and cognitive radio features A Singh, SS Salwe, KK Naik, CRS Kumar Wireless Personal Communications 103 (2), 1725-1764 , 2018 2018 Citations: 5
Blind time-domain equalizer for doubly-selective channel with reduced time averaging and computational complexity V Pawar, R Pawar, K Naik AEU-International Journal of Electronics and Communications 94, 187-198 , 2018 2018 Citations: 3
ASK Based Image Transmission for Aerial Applications P Ghorpade, SS More, KK Naik 2018 International Conference on Inventive Research in Computing … , 2018 2018
MOST CITED SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
Heterogeneous wireless network for IoT applications SS Salwe, KK Naik IETE Technical Review 36 (1), 61-68 , 2019 2019 Citations: 31
Impact of SC-FDMA and pilots on PAPR and performance of power domain NOMA-UFMC system A Singh, KK Naik, CRS Kumar 2018 Tenth International Conference on Ubiquitous and Future Networks (ICUFN … , 2018 2018 Citations: 18
Design and implementation of an energy efficient routing approach based on existing AODV protocol in Mobile Adhoc Networks for military N Khanna, KK Naik 2016 International Conference on Emerging Trends in Electrical Electronics … , 2016 2016 Citations: 18
Discrete Image Data Transmission in Heterogeneous Wireless Network using Vertical Handover Mechanism SSSKK Naik IET Image Processing , 2017 2017 Citations: 16
Telemetry applications of SOQPSK and GMSK based modulation for airborne platforms U Balasubramanian, PR Pacharne, P Radhakrishna, KK Naik, ... 2012 International Conference on Communications, Devices and Intelligent … , 2012 2012 Citations: 15
UHF TVWS operation in Indian scenario utilizing wireless regional area network for rural broadband access A Singh, KK Naik, CRS Kumar 2016 International Conference on Next Generation Intelligent Systems (ICNGIS … , 2016 2016 Citations: 12
Modelling and simulation of IDMA-OFDM for underwater acoustic communication S More, KK Naik Defence Science Journal 65 (4), 307-311 , 2015 2015 Citations: 10
Novel pilot-aided channel estimation scheme for power domain NOMA-UFMC system in fading scenarios A Singh, KK Naik, CRS Kumar 2019 International Conference on Range Technology (ICORT), 1-5 , 2019 2019 Citations: 9
A system for locating users of WLAN using dynamic mapping in indoor and outdoor environment-LOIDS KK Naik, MNG Prasad 2008 11th International Conference on Computer and Information Technology … , 2008 2008 Citations: 9
Blind multipath time varying channel estimation using recursive Cholesky update V Pawar, KK Naik AEU-International Journal of Electronics and Communications 70 (1), 113-119 , 2016 2016 Citations: 8
Simulation and analysis of 5G waveforms to reduce BER for vehicular communications FS Sowdagar, KN Karamtot Vehicular Communications 47, 100777 , 2024 2024 Citations: 6
An Energy Efficient Path Routing Protocol Based on AODV Routing Protocol for Mobile Ad hoc Network N Khanna, KK NAik International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology 4, 332-337 , 2015 2015 Citations: 6
OFDM-based TVWS-IEEE standards: A survey of PHY and cognitive radio features A Singh, SS Salwe, KK Naik, CRS Kumar Wireless Personal Communications 103 (2), 1725-1764 , 2018 2018 Citations: 5
Radar signal recovery using compressive sampling matching pursuit algorithm MS Rao, KK Naik, KM Reddy Defence Science Journal 67 (1), 94-99 , 2017 2017 Citations: 5
Compressed sensing: Radar signal detection and parameter measurement for EW applications MS Rao, KK Naik, KM Reddy Radio Science 51 (9), 1457-1469 , 2016 2016 Citations: 5
Discrete electronic warfare signal processing using compressed sensing based on random modulator pre-integrator MS Rao, CC Mishra, KK Naik, KM Reddy Defence Science Journal 65 (6), 472-476 , 2015 2015 Citations: 5
Antenna Design Analysis, Construction and Testing for IEEE802. 11 WLAN Range Improvements KK Naik M. Tech Thesis at IIIT-Allahabad-2004 , 2004 2004 Citations: 5
Analysis of multipath mitigation techniques in GNSS for pseudorange error reduction S Nayak, K Naik, O Ojjela 2019 5th International Conference On Computing, Communication, Control And … , 2019 2019 Citations: 3
Blind time-domain equalizer for doubly-selective channel with reduced time averaging and computational complexity V Pawar, R Pawar, K Naik AEU-International Journal of Electronics and Communications 94, 187-198 , 2018 2018 Citations: 3
Least square solver for wireless communication system V Pawar, KN Karamtot 2016 IEEE International Conference on Advanced Networks and … , 2016 2016 Citations: 3