Kristijan Skok

@pathologie.medunigraz.at

Diagnostic and Research Institute of Pathology, Medical University Graz
Diagnostic and Research Institute of Pathology, Medical University Graz

Kristijan Skok

RESEARCH, TEACHING, or OTHER INTERESTS

Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Medicine, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, Pathophysiology
41

Scopus Publications

1907

Scholar Citations

14

Scholar h-index

17

Scholar i10-index

Scopus Publications

  • From slides to AI-ready maps: Standardized multi-layer tissue maps as metadata for artificial intelligence in digital pathology
    Gernot Fiala, Markus Plass, Robert Harb, Peter Regitnig, Kristijan Skok, Wael Al Zoughbi, Carmen Zerner, Paul Torke, Michaela Kargl, Heimo Müller, Tomas Brazdil, Matej Gallo, Jaroslav Kubín, Roman Stoklasa, Rudolf Nenutil, Norman Zerbe, Andreas Holzinger, Petr Holub
    Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, 2026
    A Whole Slide Image (WSI) is a high-resolution digital image created by scanning an entire glass slide containing a biological specimen, such as tissue sections or cell samples, at multiple magnifications. These images are digitally viewable, analyzable, and shareable, and are widely used for Artificial Intelligence (AI) algorithm development. WSIs play an important role in pathology for disease diagnosis and oncology for cancer research, but are also applied in neurology, veterinary medicine, hematology, microbiology, dermatology, pharmacology, toxicology, immunology, and forensic science. When assembling cohorts for AI training or validation, it is essential to know the content of a WSI. However, no standard currently exists for this metadata, and such a selection has largely relied on manual inspection, which is not suitable for large collections with millions of objects. We propose a general framework to generate 2D index maps (tissue maps) that describe the morphological content of WSIs using common syntax and semantics to achieve interoperability between catalogs. The tissue maps are structured in three layers: source, tissue type, and pathological alterations. Each layer assigns WSI segments to specific classes, providing AI-ready metadata. We demonstrate the advantages of this standard by applying AI-based metadata extraction from WSIs to generate tissue maps and integrating them into a WSI archive. This integration enhances search capabilities within WSI archives, thereby facilitating the accelerated assembly of high-quality, balanced, and more targeted datasets for AI training, validation, and cancer research.
  • Feasibility and workflow analysis of confocal microscopy in robot-assisted prostatectomy
    Kristijan Skok, Lukas Scheipner, Sebastian Mannweiler, Karl Kashofer, Ariane Aigelsreiter, Ivana Milosevic, Conrad Leitsmann, Herbert Augustin, Martina Rößmann‐Tsybrovskyy, Sascha Ahyai, Bernadette Liegl‐Atzwanger, Johannes Mischinger
    BJU International, 2026
    Objectives To assess the diagnostic accuracy, workflow feasibility, and downstream compatibility of fluorescence confocal microscopy (Histolog® Scanner [HS]; SamanTree Medical SA, Lausanne, Switzerland) compared with frozen section (FS) for intraoperative margin evaluation (IME) during nerve‐sparing robot‐assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP). Patients and Methods Between May 2024 and April 2025, 68 patients undergoing RARP for non‐metastatic prostate cancer were enrolled; two were excluded due to incomplete data, leaving 66 evaluable cases. The IME was performed using both HS and FS. HS images were interpreted intraoperatively by experienced uropathologists, while surgical decisions were based on FS results. The residual tissue following HS was assessed for compatibility with downstream immunohistochemistry (IHC) and next‐generation sequencing (NGS). Diagnostic performance was evaluated against whole‐mount histology as the reference standard. Results The HS identified carcinoma in four cases (three true positives, one false positive) and negative margins in 55 cases (53 true negatives, two false negatives); seven cases (10.6%) were classified as suspicious and resolved by FS. Considering only definite HS calls, sensitivity was 60.0%, specificity 98.1%, positive predictive value (PPV) 75.0%, and negative predictive value (NPV) 96.4%. When suspicious cases were treated as positive, sensitivity increased to 75.0%, specificity decreased to 91.4%, and PPV to 54.5%, while NPV remained 96.4%. HS processing did not impair IHC or NGS analyses. The overall R1 resection rate was 9.1%. Conclusion Fluorescence confocal microscopy demonstrates high specificity and NPV for IME during RARP. A negative HS result can be interpreted with high confidence, potentially reducing the need for FS. Positive or suspicious HS findings should prompt targeted FS confirmation. Confocal laser scanning microscopy preserves tissue integrity for molecular testing and may be integrated into multimodal oncological workflows.
  • Extraskeletal osteosarcoma harboring ETV6::NTRK3 fusion treated successfully with larotrectinib: a case study
    Kristijan Skok, Florian Ochsenhofer, Raphael Gassner, Andreas Leithner, Joanna Szkandera, Christian Viertler, Sonja Hasenschwandtner, Andreas Reichinger, Bernadette Liegl-Atzwanger
    Communications Medicine, 2025
    Extraskeletal osteosarcoma (ESOS) is a rare, aggressive mesenchymal tumor with limited therapeutic options and a poor prognosis due to frequent metastases. Identifying targetable genetic alterations could improve treatment outcomes. The objective is to report the first worldwide case of ESOS harboring an ETV6::NTRK3 fusion and describe the clinical response to larotrectinib, a selective TRK inhibitor. Case report of a 74-year-old man with a rapidly enlarging, inoperable neck tumor measuring 7.9 ×7.1 ×6.6 cm. The case underwent histopathological, immunohistochemical, and molecular analyses, including targeted RNA sequencing using the Archer Fusion Plex Pan Solid Tumor v2 panel and DNA-based targeted analysis with the Ion Torrent Oncomine Comprehensive Assay Plus. The clinical course was monitored over an 8-month treatment period. Molecular analysis revealed an actionable, in ESOS previously not described, ETV6::NTRK3 fusion. Treatment with larotrectinib (100 mg twice daily) led to a rapid clinical response within 3 weeks. MRI demonstrated partial remission after 2 months (4.7 ×3.9 ×2.8 cm), with further tumor shrinkage at 8 months (4.4 ×3.7 ×2.4 cm). Despite complications, including urothelial carcinoma recurrence requiring chemotherapy and surgery, larotrectinib was resumed with dose adjustments. No significant adverse effects related to TRK inhibition were observed. This case represents the first reported instance of ESOS with an NTRK fusion. The rapid and sustained response to larotrectinib highlights the potential of precision medicine in managing rare and aggressive tumors, emphasizing the importance of molecular profiling to identify actionable targets. Extraskeletal osteosarcoma (ESOS) is a rare and aggressive form of cancer that grows in soft tissue. It is hard to treat and often spreads to other parts of the body. In this report, we describe a 74-year-old patient with a large, fast-growing tumor in the neck. Genetic testing found a rare change in the tumor’s DNA called an ETV6::NTRK3 fusion, which had never been reported in this type of cancer before. The patient was treated with a targeted medicine called Larotrectinib. The tumor quickly shrank and continued to get smaller over several months. This case shows how genetic testing can help find new treatment options, especially for patients with rare or difficult-to-treat cancers. Skok, Ochsenhofer et al. present the first reported instance of extraskeletal osteosarcoma with an NTRK fusion. The rapid and sustained response to larotrectinib highlights the potential of precision medicine in managing rare and aggressive tumors, emphasizing the importance of molecular profiling to identify actionable targets.
  • Urinary catheters: state of the art and future perspectives – a narrative review
    Kristijan Skok, Uroš Bele, Špela Pintar, Zdenka Peršin, Katja Kuzmič, Matej Bračič, Lidija Fras Zemljič, Uroš Maver
    Materials Today Bio, 2025
    Catheter associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) is the most frequent healthcare associated infection, arising from microbial adhesion to catheter surfaces, biofilm development, and the growing problem of antimicrobial resistance. Many publications have addressed CAUTI epidemiology, biofilm biology, or biomaterials for catheters in isolation, yet there is little literature that connects these areas into a coherent translational perspective. This review seeks to fill that gap by combining an overview of biofilm pathophysiology with recent advances in material based innovations for catheter design, including nanostructured and responsive coatings, sensor enabled systems, additive manufacturing, and three dimensional printing. Established approaches such as hydrophilic or antimicrobial impregnated catheters are considered alongside bio inspired surface textures, zwitterionic polymers, and multifunctional hydrogels. Each strategy is evaluated in terms of maturity, clinical applicability, and barriers to translation, with a focus on shifting from antibiotic dependent treatment toward prevention of biofilm formation. By bringing together knowledge from microbiology, engineering, and clinical urology, the review outlines pathways for developing the next generation of catheters that improve outcomes and reduce infection rates.
  • Molecular Landscape and Treatment Paradigms of Hepatocellular and Cholangiocarcinoma: A Multinational Review
    Kristijan Skok, Judith Stift, Peter Schirmacher, Karl Kashofer, Rudolf Stauber, Branislava Ranković, Karoline Lackner
    Zeitschrift Fur Gastroenterologie, 2025
    Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) represent the most prevalent primary liver cancers and pose significant challenges in oncology. While their etiology and incidence vary globally, the molecular landscape of these tumors is increasingly understood, offering new opportunities for precision medicine. In this joint multinational review, we present a comprehensive analysis of the key molecular pathways involved in the pathogenesis of HCC and CCA, highlighting actionable targets for emerging therapies. Recent advances in molecular diagnostics have significantly influenced treatment paradigms for both cancers. In HCC, while genetic alterations have not yet led to established diagnostic or therapeutic applications, targeting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), immune checkpoints, and tyrosine kinase pathways has demonstrated considerable therapeutic potential. In CCA, genetic profiling has uncovered actionable alterations, such as FGFR2 fusions and IDH1 mutations, driving the development of targeted therapies. The growing complexity of precision oncology underscores the need for standardized molecular testing and streamlined diagnostic workflows to ensure timely and effective treatment. This review also emphasizes the importance of collaborative efforts between clinicians, pathologists, and oncologists to optimize outcomes. By synthesizing the latest molecular insights and treatment trends, this review provides a valuable resource to guide the personalized management of HCC and CCA.
  • Gastrointestinal tract, its pathophysiology and in-vitro models: A “quick” reference guide to translational studies
    Kristijan Skok, Boštjan Vihar, Uroš Maver, Lidija Gradišnik, Konstantin Bräutigam, et al.
    World Journal of Gastroenterology, 2025
    The gastrointestinal (GI) tract is essential for digestion, absorption, excretion, and protection, supported by a diverse microbial ecosystem. Traditional in-vitro models often fall short in capturing the physiological complexity of the GI tract, limiting their translational applications. A comprehensive approach is needed to bridge the gap between simple cell cultures and more complex systems used in translational research. This review explores the limitations of conventional two-dimensional cell cultures and emphasizes the emerging use of three-dimensional and microfluidic systems that better replicate the GI tract’s structure and functions. It highlights the importance of incorporating patient-derived cells and engineered microenvironments to enhance model relevance and support personalized medicine. The review also discusses advanced fabrication techniques such as micro-extrusion and laser-assisted bioprinting, which enable the creation of sophisticated tissue models capable of simulating critical GI processes, including molecular transport, peristalsis, and liver coupling. Advancing the complexity of in-vitro systems will help replicate the GI tract’s interactions and physiological phenomena, thus improving the translational potential of GI research. This review provides valuable insights into the advancements and challenges in GI modeling, serving as a comprehensive guide for developing models that bridge the gap between basic cell cultures and clinically relevant systems.
  • Tumor immune microenvironment in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma revisited – Exploring the “Space”
    Konstantin Bräutigam, Kristijan Skok, Krzysztof Szymonski, Charlotte Vestrup Rift, Eva Karamitopoulou
    Cancer Letters, 2025
    regulatory T-cells, play a key role in immune regulation, yet PDAC is largely an immunologically "cold" tumour with limited effector T-cell infiltration. The surrounding cellular microenvironment, particularly Cancer Associated Fibroblasts (CAFs) and macrophages, contributes to immune evasion by promoting a fibrotic and desmoplastic barrier that limits TIL infiltration. The prognostic significance of TILs is increasingly recognized, with higher densities correlating with improved survival, whereas regulatory T-cell infiltration and immunosuppressive stromal interactions are associated with poor outcomes. Emerging therapeutic strategies targeting the TIME (e.g., CAFs), immune checkpoint inhibitors, and TIL-based therapies offer the potential to overcome resistance. Future research must focus on optimizing immunotherapy strategies and unravelling the complex stromal-immune interactions to improve clinical translation.
  • Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes in Breast and Female Genital Tract Cancers: Overlooked Potential and Unexplored Frontiers
    Kristijan Skok, Umberto Maccio, Spencer D. Martin, Konstantin Bräutigam
    Cancer Medicine, 2025
    BackgroundThe growing success of cancer immunotherapies has led to significant advances in oncology. However, despite these promising developments, cancer‐related mortality remains high for common cancer types such as breast and lower female genital tract cancers.MethodHere, we synthesize recent findings on the prognostic relevance of tumor‐infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in breast, endometrial, tubo‐ovarian, and vulvar cancer. Our analysis covers the relationship between TIL counts and density, immune cell subtype combinations, immunotherapy approaches, and patient outcomes.ResultsHigh TIL infiltration, especially CD8+ T‐cells, generally correlates with improved outcomes such as in endometrial cancer (especially the POLE‐ultramutated subgroup), invasive breast cancer, and ovarian epithelial tumors. However, in ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) of the breast, elevated TIL counts are linked to a worse prognosis. Ethnicity, the tumor microenvironment (TME), and molecular profiles further complicate the prognostic utility of TILs.ConclusionsTIL‐based therapies have shown potential in personalized immunotherapy, particularly in recurrent, refractory ovarian cancer. Limited research on rarer gynecologic tumors hinders broader clinical applications.
  • Pathologist-Read vs AI-Driven Assessment of Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes in Melanoma
    Thazin N. Aung, Matthew Liu, David Su, Saba Shafi, Ceren Boyaci, et al.
    JAMA Network Open, 2025
    Importance Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) are a provocative biomarker in melanoma, influencing diagnosis, prognosis, and immunotherapy outcomes; however, traditional pathologist-read TIL assessment on hematoxylin and eosin–stained slides is prone to interobserver variability, leading to inconsistent clinical decisions. Therefore, development of newer TIL scoring approaches that produce more reliable and consistent readouts is important. Objective To evaluate the analytical and clinical validity of a machine learning algorithm for TIL quantification in melanoma compared with traditional pathologist-read methods. Design, Setting, and Participants This multioperator, global, multi-institutional prognostic study compared TIL scoring reproducibility between traditional pathologist-read methods and an artificial intelligence (AI)-driven approach. The study was conducted using retrospective cohorts of patients with melanoma between January 2022 and June 2023 across 45 institutions, with tissue evaluated by participants from academic, clinical, and research institutions. Participants were selected to ensure diverse expertise and professional backgrounds. Main Outcomes and Measures Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) values were calculated for the manual and AI-assisted arms using log-transformed data. Kendall W values were calculated for Clark scores (brisk = 3, nonbrisk = 2, and sparse = 1). Reliabilities of ICC and W values were classified as moderate (0.40-0.60), good (0.61-0.80), or excellent (>0.80). AI TIL measurements were dichotomized using the 16.6 and median cutoffs. Univariable and multivariable Cox regression analyses assessed the prognostic value of TIL scores adjusted for clinicopathologic variables. Results There were 111 patients with melanoma in the independent testing cohort (median [range] age at diagnosis, 61.0 [25.0-87.0] years; 56 [50.5%] male) who contributed melanoma whole tissue sections. A total of 98 participants evaluated TILs on 60 hematoxylin and eosin–stained melanoma tissue sections. All 40 participants in the manual arm were pathologists, while the AI-assisted arm included 11 pathologists and 47 nonpathologists (scientists). The AI algorithm demonstrated superior reproducibility, with ICCs higher than 0.90 for all machine learning TIL variables, significantly outperforming manual assessments (ICC, 0.61 for AI-derived stromal TILs vs Kendall W , 0.44 for manual Clark TIL scoring). AI-based TIL scores showed prognostic associations with patient outcomes (n = 111) using the median cutoff approach with a hazard ratio (HR) of 0.45 (95% CI, 0.26-0.80; P = .005), and using the cutoff of 16.6, with an HR of 0.56 (95% CI, 0.32-0.98; P = .04). Conclusions and Relevance In this prognostic study of TIL quantification in melanoma, the AI algorithm demonstrated superior reproducibility and prognostic associations compared with traditional methods. Although the retrospective nature of the cohorts limits demonstration of clinical utility, the publicly available dataset and open-source AI tool offer a foundation for future validation and integration into melanoma management.
  • Myeloid sarcoma of the heart—A clinicopathological correlation
    Kristijan Skok, Martin Zacharias, Nicolas Verheyen, Stefan Hatzl, Laura Scholz, Cord Langner, Gerald Hoefler, Fotini Rosi Vagena
    Wiener Klinische Wochenschrift, 2025
    SummaryA 63-year-old woman with a history of acute myeloid leukemia followed by stem cell transplantation presented with acute heart failure. Transthoracic echocardiography revealed a preserved left ventricular ejection fraction with severe ventricular hypertrophy and signs of elevated filling pressures indicating infiltrative cardiomyopathy. She died from cardiac arrest due to cardiogenic shock. The autopsy revealed an enlarged heart with a fish-flesh appearance. Here, we describe a rare case of a myeloid sarcoma of the heart.
  • Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis or Acute Cellular Rejection?
    Andreas Entenmann, Hubert Kogler, Wolf‐Dietrich Huber, Marita Kölz, A. S. Knisely, Kristijan Skok
    Pediatric Transplantation, 2024
  • Steatotic liver disease associated with 2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase 1 deficiency
    Benno Kohlmaier, Kristijan Skok, Carolin Lackner, Greta Haselrieder, Thomas Müller, Sabrina Sailer, Johannes Zschocke, Markus A. Keller, A. S. Knisely, Andreas R. Janecke
    International Journal of Obesity, 2024
  • Uncovering the secrets of nature's design: Reply to comments on “Networks behind the morphology and structural design of living systems”
    Marko Gosak, Marko Milojević, Maja Duh, Kristijan Skok, Matjaž Perc
    Physics of Life Reviews, 2023
  • Multilayer Methacrylate-Based Wound Dressing as a Therapeutic Tool for Targeted Pain Relief
    Tanja Zidarič, Kristijan Skok, Kristjan Orthaber, Matevž Pristovnik, Lidija Gradišnik, Tina Maver, Uroš Maver
    Materials, 2023
  • Computational modeling of targeted temperature management in post-cardiac arrest patients
    Maja Duh, Kristijan Skok, Matjaž Perc, Andrej Markota, Marko Gosak
    Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology, 2022
  • Networks behind the morphology and structural design of living systems
    Marko Gosak, Marko Milojević, Maja Duh, Kristijan Skok, Matjaž Perc
    Physics of Life Reviews, 2022
  • Temperature management and its role in cardiac arrest patients—a review
    A. Markota, M. Gosak, Maja Duh, Kristijan Skok
    Signa Vitae, 2022
  • Novel Methacrylate-Based Multilayer Nanofilms with Incorporated FePt-Based Nanoparticles and the Anticancer Drug 5-Fluorouracil for Skin Cancer Treatment
    Kristijan Skok, Tanja Zidarič, Kristjan Orthaber, Matevž Pristovnik, Nina Kostevšek, Kristina Žužek Žužek Rožman, Sašo Šturm, Lidija Gradišnik, Uroš Maver, Tina Maver
    Pharmaceutics, 2022
  • Better Control of Body Temperature Is Not Associated with Improved Hemodynamic and Respiratory Parameters in Mechanically Ventilated Patients with Sepsis
    Andrej Markota, Kristijan Skok, Žiga Kalamar, Jure Fluher, Mario Gorenjak
    Journal of Clinical Medicine, 2022
  • Mfum-brtnbc-1, a newly established patient-derived triple-negative breast cancer cell line: Molecular characterisation, genetic stability, and comprehensive comparison with commercial breast cancer cell lines
    Kristijan Skok, Lidija Gradišnik, Helena Čelešnik, Marko Milojević, Uroš Potočnik, Gregor Jezernik, Mario Gorenjak, Monika Sobočan, Iztok Takač, Rajko Kavalar, Uroš Maver
    Cells, 2022
  • Thermoregulation: A journey from physiology to computational models and the intensive care unit
    Kristijan Skok, Maja Duh, Andraž Stožer, Andrej Markota, Marko Gosak
    Wires Mechanisms of Disease, 2021
  • Gynaecological cancers and their cell lines
    Kristijan Skok, Lidija Gradišnik, Uroš Maver, Nejc Kozar, Monika Sobočan, Iztok Takač, Darja Arko, Rajko Kavalar
    Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, 2021
  • Systemic consequences and clinical aspects of SARS-CoV-2 infection
    Sigurd F. Lax, Kristijan Skok, Peter M. Zechner, Lisa Setaffy, Harald H. Kessler, Norbert Kaufmann, Klaus Vander, Natalija Cokić, Urša Maierhofer, Ute Bargfrieder, Michael Trauner
    Pathologe, 2021
  • Practical aspects of COVID-19 autopsies
    Peter Boor, Philip Eichhorn, Arndt Hartmann, Sigurd F. Lax, Bruno Märkl, Thomas Menter, Kristijan Skok, Julia Slotta-Huspenina, Saskia von Stillfried, Alexandar Tzankov, Gregor Weirich
    Pathologe, 2021
  • Post-mortem viral dynamics and tropism in COVID-19 patients in correlation with organ damage
    Kristijan Skok, Evelyn Stelzl, Michael Trauner, Harald H. Kessler, Sigurd F. Lax
    Virchows Archiv, 2021
  • In response
    Sigurd F. Lax, Kristijan Skok, Peter M. Zechner, Michael Trauner
    Annals of Internal Medicine, 2021
  • Weaning from mechanical ventilation with high flow oxygen therapy via tracheal cannula
    Kristijan Skok, Jerneja Golub, Damjana Kunej, Andreja Sinkovič, Andrej Markota
    Zdravniski Vestnik, 2021
  • COVID-19 autopsies: Procedure, technical aspects and cause of fatal course. Experiences from a single-center
    Kristijan Skok, Klaus Vander, Lisa Setaffy, Harald H. Kessler, Stephan Aberle, Ute Bargfrieder, Michael Trauner, Sigurd F. Lax
    Pathology Research and Practice, 2021
  • Pulmonary arterial thrombosis as an important complication of COVID-19 pulmonary disease: letter to the editor
    Sigurd F. Lax, Kristijan Skok, Michael Trauner, and
    Virchows Archiv, 2020
  • Pulmonary arterial thrombosis in COVID-19 with fatal outcome: Results from a prospective, single-center, clinicopathologic case Series
    Sigurd F. Lax, Kristijan Skok, Peter Zechner, Harald H. Kessler, Norbert Kaufmann, Camillo Koelblinger, Klaus Vander, Ute Bargfrieder, Michael Trauner
    Annals of Internal Medicine, 2020
  • Urgent endoscopy in patients with true foreign bodies in the upper gastrointestinal tract - A retrospective study of the period 1994-2018
    Pavel Skok, Kristijan Skok
    Zeitschrift Fur Gastroenterologie, 2020
  • Endometrial cancer and its cell lines
    Kristijan Skok, Uroš Maver, Lidija Gradišnik, Nejc Kozar, Iztok Takač, Darja Arko
    Molecular Biology Reports, 2020
  • Isolation and characterization of the first Slovenian human triple-negative breast cancer cell line
    Kristijan Skok, Lidija Gradišnik, Helena Čelešnik, Uroš Potočnik, Rajko Kavalar, Iztok Takač, Uroš Maver
    Breast Journal, 2020
  • The gastrointestinal tract and cardiovascular diseases-do they have anything in common?
    Pavel Skok, Kristijan Skok
    Zdravniski Vestnik, 2020
  • Surface Body Temperature and Thermoregulation after Cardiac Arrest
    Andrej Markota, Kristijan Skok, Sandra Burja, Jernej Mori
    Therapeutic Hypothermia and Temperature Management, 2019
  • Malignant pleural effusion and its current management: A review
    Kristijan Skok, Gaja Hladnik, Anja Grm, Anton Crnjac
    Medicina Lithuania, 2019
  • Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy
    Kristijan Skok, Nina Skornšek, Marko Hočevar, Pavel Skok
    Zdravniski Vestnik, 2019
  • Human breast cancer cell lines
    Kristijan Skok, Uroš Maver, Lidija Gradišnik, Monika Sobočan, Iztok Takač
    Zdravniski Vestnik, 2019
  • Acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis in a patient with Crohn’s disease: Case report and review of the literature
    Pavel Skok, Kristijan Skok
    Acta Dermatovenerologica Alpina Pannonica Et Adriatica, 2018
  • Skin Cancer and Its Treatment: Novel Treatment Approaches with Emphasis on Nanotechnology
    Kristjan Orthaber, Matevž Pristovnik, Kristijan Skok, Barbara Perić, Uroš Maver
    Journal of Nanomaterials, 2017
  • Multi-locus genetic risk score predicts risk for Crohn's disease in Slovenian population
    Katarina Zupančič, Kristijan Skok, Katja Repnik, Rinse K Weersma, Uroš Potočnik, Pavel Skok
    World Journal of Gastroenterology, 2016

RECENT SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS

  • Prospektive Evaluation des Radiology Artificial Intelligence Diagnostic Assistant System (RAIDAS) zur Detektion eines signifikanten Prostatakarzinoms mit kognitiver …
    J Altziebler, D Wasserbauer, D Szolar, M Tillich, J Mischinger, H Zurl, ...
    2026
  • Korrelation metabolomischer Profile mit bildgebenden, genetischen und biologischen Markern bei Verdacht auf ein signifikantes Prostatakarzinom
    J Mischinger, G Pregartner, S Strathmeyer, T Amesmeier, R Geyer, ...
    2026
  • Reevaluation einer unauffälligen multiparametrischen Prostata-MRT bei klinischer Risikokonstellation: Bedeutung für PI-RADS-Upgrading und Karzinomnachweis
    J Mischinger, S Mordhorst, M Katzmann, C Leitsmann, H Zurl, K Pohl, ...
    2026
  • From slides to AI-ready maps: Standardized multi-layer tissue maps as metadata for artificial intelligence in digital pathology
    G Fiala, M Plass, R Harb, P Regitnig, K Skok, W Al Zoughbi, C Zerner, ...
    Artificial Intelligence in Medicine 174, 103368 , 2026
    2026
    Citations: 1
  • P0621 Performance comparison and downstream workflow analysis of fluorescence confocal microscopy versus frozen section during robot-assisted nerve sparing radical prostatectomy
    L Scheipner, K Skok, S Mannweiler, K Kashofer, A Aigelsreiter, I Milosevic, ...
    European Urology 89, S1 , 2026
    2026
  • Extraskeletal osteosarcoma harboring ETV6::NTRK3 fusion treated successfully with larotrectinib: a case study
    K Skok, F Ochsenhofer, R Gassner, A Leithner, J Szkandera, C Viertler, ...
    Communications Medicine 5 (1), 489 , 2025
    2025
    Citations: 1
  • Morphomolecular characterization of hepatocellular adenomas: a single-centre experience
    K Skok, F Sarocchi, M Toth, K Kashofer, M El-Mahrouk, D Kniepeiss, ...
    VIRCHOWS ARCHIV 487, S106-S106 , 2025
    2025
  • Clear views, intact tissue: a non-destructive nano-CT pipeline for liver histology
    K Skok, L Curic, J Vajda, B Vihar, K Panzitt, S Schauer, R Stauber, ...
    VIRCHOWS ARCHIV 487, S313-S313 , 2025
    2025
  • Standardized Multi-Layer Tissue Maps for Enhanced Artificial Intelligence Integration and Search in Large-Scale Whole Slide Image Archives
    G Fiala, M Plass, R Harb, P Regitnig, K Skok, WA Zoughbi, C Zerner, ...
    arXiv preprint arXiv:2508.21418 , 2025
    2025
  • Urinary catheters-state of the art and future perspectives–a narrative review
    K Skok, U Bele, Š Pintar, Z Peršin, K Kuzmič, M Bračič, LF Zemljič, ...
    Materials Today Bio, 102225 , 2025
    2025
    Citations: 8
  • Gastrointestinal tract, its pathophysiology and in-vitro models: A “quick” reference guide to translational studies
    K Skok, B Vihar, U Maver, L Gradišnik, K Bräutigam, M Trapecar, P Skok
    World Journal of Gastroenterology 31 (28), 108297 , 2025
    2025
    Citations: 6
  • Tumor immune microenvironment in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma revisited–Exploring the “Space”
    K Bräutigam, K Skok, K Szymonski, CV Rift, E Karamitopoulou
    Cancer letters 622, 217699 , 2025
    2025
    Citations: 35
  • Pathologist-read vs AI-driven assessment of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in melanoma
    TN Aung, M Liu, D Su, S Shafi, C Boyaci, S Steen, N Tsiknakis, JM Vidal, ...
    JAMA network open 8 (7), e2518906 , 2025
    2025
    Citations: 13
  • Uncertain Benefits of Oral Vancomycin for Prevention of Recurrent Clostridioides difficile Infection
    SH Cohen
    JAMA Network Open 8 (7), e2521084 , 2025
    2025
  • Tumor‐Infiltrating Lymphocytes in Breast and Female Genital Tract Cancers: Overlooked Potential and Unexplored Frontiers
    K Skok, U Maccio, SD Martin, K Bräutigam
    Cancer medicine 14 (13), e71023 , 2025
    2025
    Citations: 5
  • Myeloid sarcoma of the heart—A clinicopathological correlation
    K Skok, M Zacharias, N Verheyen, S Hatzl, L Scholz, C Langner, ...
    Wiener klinische Wochenschrift 137 (7), 251-254 , 2025
    2025
  • Molecular Landscape and Treatment Paradigms of Hepatocellular and Cholangiocarcinoma: A Multinational Review
    K Skok, J Stift, P Schirmacher, K Kashofer, R Stauber, B Ranković, ...
    Zeitschrift für Gastroenterologie , 2025
    2025
  • Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs)–Pathologia, quo vadis?–A global survey
    K Skok, K Braeutigam
    Pathology-Research and Practice 266, 155775 , 2025
    2025
    Citations: 6
  • Molecular Landscape and Treatment Paradigms of Hepatocellular and Cholangiocarcinoma: A Multinational Review Molekulare Landschaft und Therapieparadigmen bei hepatozellulärem …
    K Skok, J Stift, P Schirmacher, K Kashofer, R Stauber, B Ranković, ...
    2025
  • Langerhans cell histiocytosis or acute cellular rejection?
    A Entenmann, H Kogler, WD Huber, M Kölz, AS Knisely, K Skok
    Pediatric Transplantation 28 (8), e14884 , 2024
    2024
    Citations: 2

MOST CITED SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS

  • Pulmonary arterial thrombosis in COVID-19 with fatal outcome: results from a prospective, single-center, clinicopathologic case series
    SF Lax, K Skok, P Zechner, HH Kessler, N Kaufmann, C Koelblinger, ...
    Annals of internal medicine 173 (5), 350-361 , 2020
    2020
    Citations: 957
  • Malignant pleural effusion and its current management: a review
    K Skok, G Hladnik, A Grm, A Crnjac
    Medicina 55 (8), 490 , 2019
    2019
    Citations: 193
  • Skin cancer and its treatment: novel treatment approaches with emphasis on nanotechnology
    K Orthaber, M Pristovnik, K Skok, B Perić, U Maver
    Journal of nanomaterials 2017 (1), 2606271 , 2017
    2017
    Citations: 133
  • Networks behind the morphology and structural design of living systems
    M Gosak, M Milojević, M Duh, K Skok, M Perc
    Physics of Life Reviews 41, 1-21 , 2022
    2022
    Citations: 128
  • Post-mortem viral dynamics and tropism in COVID-19 patients in correlation with organ damage
    K Skok, E Stelzl, M Trauner, H Kessler H., S Lax F.
    Virchows Archiv , 2020
    2020
    Citations: 126
  • COVID-19 autopsies: procedure, technical aspects and cause of fatal course. Experiences from a single-center
    K Skok, K Vander, L Setaffy, HH Kessler, S Aberle, U Bargfrieder, ...
    Pathology-Research and Practice 217, 153305 , 2021
    2021
    Citations: 43
  • Tumor immune microenvironment in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma revisited–Exploring the “Space”
    K Bräutigam, K Skok, K Szymonski, CV Rift, E Karamitopoulou
    Cancer letters 622, 217699 , 2025
    2025
    Citations: 35
  • Endometrial cancer and its cell lines
    K Skok, U Maver, L Gradišnik, N Kozar, I Takač, D Arko
    Molecular Biology Reports 47 (2), 1399-1411 , 2020
    2020
    Citations: 35
  • Thermoregulation: a journey from physiology to computational models and the intensive care unit
    K Skok, M Duh, A Stožer, A Markota, M Gosak
    WIREs Mechanisms of Disease 13 (4), e1513 , 2021
    2021
    Citations: 31
  • Urgent endoscopy in patients with “true foreign bodies” in the upper gastrointestinal tract–a retrospective study of the period 1994–2018
    P Skok, K Skok
    Zeitschrift für Gastroenterologie 58 (03), 217-223 , 2020
    2020
    Citations: 25
  • Gynaecological cancers and their cell lines
    K Skok, L Gradišnik, U Maver, N Kozar, M Sobočan, I Takač, D Arko, ...
    Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine 25 (8), 3680-3698 , 2021
    2021
    Citations: 19
  • Novel methacrylate-based multilayer nanofilms with incorporated FePt-based nanoparticles and the anticancer drug 5-fluorouracil for skin cancer treatment
    K Skok, T Zidarič, K Orthaber, M Pristovnik, N Kostevšek, KŽ Rožman, ...
    Pharmaceutics 14 (4), 689 , 2022
    2022
    Citations: 18
  • Multi-locus genetic risk score predicts risk for Crohn’s disease in Slovenian population
    K Zupančič, K Skok, K Repnik, RK Weersma, U Potočnik, P Skok
    World journal of gastroenterology 22 (14), 3777 , 2016
    2016
    Citations: 17
  • Pulmonary arterial thrombosis as an important complication of COVID-19 pulmonary disease
    SF Lax, K Skok, M Trauner, all coauthors
    Virchows Archiv 477 (3), 467-468 , 2020
    2020
    Citations: 15
  • Pathologist-read vs AI-driven assessment of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in melanoma
    TN Aung, M Liu, D Su, S Shafi, C Boyaci, S Steen, N Tsiknakis, JM Vidal, ...
    JAMA network open 8 (7), e2518906 , 2025
    2025
    Citations: 13
  • Practical aspects of COVID-19 autopsies
    P Boor, P Eichhorn, A Hartmann, SF Lax, B Märkl, T Menter, K Skok, ...
    Der Pathologe 42 (2), 197 , 2021
    2021
    Citations: 13
  • Acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis in a patient with Crohn’s disease: case report and review of the literature
    P Skok, K Skok
    Acta Dermatovenerol Alp Pannonica Adriat 27 (3), 161-163 , 2018
    2018
    Citations: 13
  • MFUM-BrTNBC-1, a Newly established patient-derived triple-negative breast cancer cell line: molecular characterisation, genetic stability, and comprehensive comparison with …
    K Skok, L Gradišnik, H Čelešnik, M Milojević, U Potočnik, G Jezernik, ...
    Cells 11 (1), 117 , 2021
    2021
    Citations: 9
  • Urinary catheters-state of the art and future perspectives–a narrative review
    K Skok, U Bele, Š Pintar, Z Peršin, K Kuzmič, M Bračič, LF Zemljič, ...
    Materials Today Bio, 102225 , 2025
    2025
    Citations: 8
  • Better control of body temperature is not associated with improved hemodynamic and respiratory parameters in mechanically ventilated patients with sepsis
    A Markota, K Skok, Ž Kalamar, J Fluher, M Gorenjak
    Journal of Clinical Medicine 11 (5), 1211 , 2022
    2022
    Citations: 7