Secondary School at Government Secondary School, Ilorin
B. Sc. at University of Benin Benin City
M. Sc at University of Ilorin, Ilorin
Ph.D. at University of Ilorin, Ilorin
EDUCATION
B. Sc, M. Sc, Ph>D.
RESEARCH, TEACHING, or OTHER INTERESTS
Microbiology, Water Science and Technology, Pollution, Waste Management and Disposal
Optimization of Conditions for Xylanase Production Using Aspergillus tubingensis Under Different Carbon Sources Isiaka Kolade, Kamoldeen Ajijolakewu Fountain Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences, 2021 Xylanases are hydrolytic enzymes with wide range of applications in food processing, bleaching of pulp in paper manufacturing industry, bio-conversion of biomass wastes to fermentable sugars and enhancing nutrient digestibility in animal feeds. The optimization of growth conditions and evaluation of an appropriate substrate as carbon source among cassava peels, corn cobs, wheat bran and rice husk on xylanase production by novel strain of Aspergillus tubingensis under Solid State Fermentation (SSF) was investigated. The fungal isolate was identified based on ribosomal RNA gene and ITS gene sequencing analysis as Aspergillus tubingensis. Results showed that Corn cobs had the highest xylanase production among the four substrates. Corn cobs recorded the highest value of xylanase production at pH of 6.0 (107.97 U/g), after incubation period of 72 hour (111.23 U/g), at temperature of 30oC (44.26 U/g) and at ratio 1:3 (45.68 U/g). The optimum growth conditions for xylanase production by Aspergillus tubingensis were: pH 6.0, incubation period of 72 hours, temperature of 30oC and substrate concentration of 1:3 (4g of substrate per 12ml of fermentation medium). Corn cobs showed the highest yield of xylanase activity (111.23±0.31 U/g), followed by Rice husk (101.91±0.72 U/g), Wheat bran (89.30±1.16 U/g) and Cassava peel (87.03±0.57 U/g). In conclusion, among the various agro residues that were used as carbon sources, Corn cobs had maximum xylanase activity. Various culture conditions were optimized by using one factor at a time method and the maximum xylanase production was obtained at pH of 6.0, incubation period of 72 hour, temperature of 30oC and substrate concentration of 1:3 under solid state fermentation. It is therefore suggested that some other notable environmental and fermentation factors that influence metabolism-mediated production yields of xylanase like aeration, agitation, carbon and nitrogen sources, metal ion requirement, inoculum size etc. should be optimized for maximum production of enzyme. Keywords: Solid State Fermentation, Cassava peels, Corn cobs, Wheat bran, Rice husk
Antibacterial Efficacies of Extracts of Lemon Grass (Cymbopogon citratus) on Some Clinical Microbial Isolates Kamoldeen Ajijolakewu, Muinat Olanike Kazeem, Risikat Nike Ahmed, Rahmat Folashade Zakariyah, Tariq Oluwakunmi Agbabiaka, et al. Fountain Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences, 2021 The spread of new infections and the emergence of multidrug resistant strains of microorganisms necessitate the search for new antimicrobials with focus on plant extracts. In this study, the antimicrobial activity of the extracts (aqueous and ethanolic) of lemon grass known usually for bioactive essential oil (Cymbopogon citratus) was investigated in-vitro, against selected clinical isolates (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans). Antimicrobial efficacy of the extracts was assessed using the agar-well diffusion and broth-dilution techniques. The aqueous extract of C. citratus was more efficacious as it showed higher antimicrobial activity against all the test isolates at all tested concentrations. In contrast, only two of the test isolates; P. aeruginosa and S. aureus were susceptible to the ethanolic extract with minimum inhibitory (MIC) concentrations of 2 mg/ml (against S. aureus) and 12.5 mg/ml (against P. aeruginosa). The MIC of the aqueous extract were (mg/ml): 2, 6.25, 12.5, 25 and 50 against S. aureus, E. faecalis, P. aeruginosa, E. coli and C. albicans respectively. Meanwhile, both the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of C. citratus exerted only a bacteriostatic effect against the five test isolates at all concentrations. Quantitative phytochemical screening of the two extracts revealed the presence of more concentration of active compounds in the aqueous extract than the ethanolic extract which plausibly accounts for its greater antimicrobial activity. This study has shown that, in difference to the use of its conventional essential oil, solvent extraction of Cymbopogon citratus is also a potent source of efficacious antimicrobials. Further works to determine the respective mechanisms of action(s) of the extracts’ active principle is being projected. Keywords: Lemon grass, clinical isolates, antimicrobial efficacies, bioactive compounds
Biofilm-forming bacteria and their antibiotic resistance in treated water supplies in Ilorin Metropolis, Nigeria T. O. Agbabiaka, T. Shitu, T. O. Agbabiaka, F. O. Otuyelu Ceylon Journal of Science, 2021 Several water-related disease outbreaks have been attributed to deficiencies in water distribution systems (WDS). This study determined the relationship between biofilm-producing bacteria and their antibiotic resistance in WDS in Ilorin Metropolis, Nigeria through the assessment of the quality of water, the virulence factors possessed and susceptibility to some antibiotics. The physicochemical and bacteriological quality of the water samples were analyzed using standard methods. A total of 60 samples were collected from seven different locations within Ilorin metropolis. The pH of the water samples ranged from 6.58 – 7.22, turbidity 0.14 – 2.07 NTU and free residual chlorine ranged from 0.00 – 1.14 mg/L. A total of eleven bacteria isolates were identified by biochemical and molecular methods. They included genera of Pseudomonas, Escherichia, Staphylococcus, Klebsiella, Citrobacter, Shigella, Proteus, Yersinia and Serratia. The total bacterial counts were 1.10 – 7.20 × 102 cfu/mL. The isolates consisted of 72.7% biofilm producers using the tube method and 63.6% biofilm producers using the congo red method. Both biofilm and non-biofilm isolates displayed complete resistance to ceftriazone, amoxicillin, tetracycline, and cotrimoxazole. Biofilm producers showed stronger relationship with antibiotic resistance (p < 0.0001) than non-biofilms, thus suggesting the use of bacterial biofilm counts as indicators of water quality.
Antibacterial activity of honey (Apis mellifera) on Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli isolated from wastewater T. O. Agbabiaka, O. J. Awelogun, F. O. Otuyelu, T. O. Agbabiaka Ceylon Journal of Science, 2020 The use of honey as a remedy for microbial infections has been the reason behind recent researches on its antimicrobial activity. The research assessed the antibacterial activity of honey on Eschericia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from environmental wastewater, using disc diffusion method at various concentrations of honey ranging from 62.5 - 1000 mg/ml while the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC) were determined using macro-dilution method. The zones of inhibition across the disc were measured after 24 hours of incubation. Results showed that honey has higher antibacterial activity on E. coli compared to other test isolates and also higher on E. coli than ciprofloxacin. Honey showed weaker activity on K. pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa compared to standard antibiotics. MIC was 250 mg/ml for E. coli while K. pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa were at 500 mg/ml. MBC for E. coli, K. pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa were observed at 312. 5 mg/ml, 687.5 mg/ml and 750 mg/ml respectively. Honey has promising antibacterial activity on infections caused by E. coli, K. pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa because of its antibacterial properties such as low pH, high osmolarity, and production of hydrogen peroxide.
Microbiological Assessment of Pollution Level of Agba Dam, in Ilorin Metropolis, Nigeria Toyin Olayemi AGBABIAKA, Frank Olakunle OTUYELU Notulae Scientia Biologicae, 2019 Agba Dam, which is an important source of raw water used in treatment of water for supply of potable water in Ilorin Metropolis, was evaluated for presence of bacteria, pollution level and potability. Samples were collected from four points along the course of the dam. Bacteria isolated included Enterobacter aerogenes, Salmonella enteritidis, Shigella dysenteriae, Proteus vulgaris, Enterobacter cloacae and Escherichia coli using selective media and Microbact identification system. The pH of the water samples ranged between 7.51-7.90, temperature ranged between 22-29 °C, total hardness ranged between 0.38-0.49 gm/l, total suspended solid ranged between 0.17-0.25 mg/l, total solid ranged between 0.86-0.99 mg/l, dissolved solid ranged between 0.61-0.78 mg/l. The average total bacterial and coliform counts ranged from 1.0×102-1.54×102 cfu/ml and 1.1×101-5.9×101 cfu/ml respectively. The presence of these pathogenic microorganisms showed high level of contamination of the raw water body. This might be a consequence of the human activities around the water body, thus posing a great health risk if not properly and adequately treated.
Microbial Diversity in Water and Biofilm Samples from Well Sources in Ilorin Metropolis, Nigeria Toyin Olayemi AGBABIAKA, Blessing Olubunmi OLOFINTOYE Notulae Scientia Biologicae, 2019 The aim of the study was to investigate the microbial populations of water and biofilm samples from seven hand dug wells in Ilorin, Nigeria, which are for private and public use. Physicochemical parameters such as pH, turbidity, total dissolved solids, temperature, conductivity, dissolved oxygen and biological oxygen demand were determined. Biofilm growths were induced from water samples obtained from selected wells. Twenty bacteria isolated were identified using morphological and biochemical characteristics as well as molecular methods and includes Shigella sonnei, Shigella dysenteriae, Micrococcus luteus, Bacillus sphaericus, Salmonella enteritidis, Proteus mirabilis strain IK-MB4-518F, Bacillus licheniformis strain RH104, Bacillus subtilis, Erwinia sp., Proteus vulgaris, Yersina sp., Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Serratia marcescens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain GS1, Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain 218B, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Vibrio sp., Escherichia coli and Bacillus pasteurii. Total bacterial count ranged from 1.8×104-1.53×106 cfu/ml. Water samples from these wells are therefore not potable and some of the isolates are potential health hazards to human population.
