A hybrid blockchain migration framework for converting traditional databases into blockchain-based EMR systems Ahmed Al-Busaidi, Joseph Mani, Mohamed Sirajudeen Yoosuf, Vijaya P Scientific Reports, 2026 Electronic Medical Records (EMRs) are crucial to modern healthcare. However, traditional relational databases fail to fulfill increased expectations for integrity, auditability, and compliance in regulated environments. This paper proposes a Hybrid Blockchain Migration Framework that integrates a conventional MySQL-based EMR system (OpenMRS) with a permissioned blockchain network (Hyperledger Fabric). Sensitive data fields are selectively mirrored to the blockchain, ensuring tamper-evident logging while retaining the high performance of SQL for routine operations. A middleware layer, implemented using Java Spring Boot, monitors changes in the EMR and commits cryptographic hashes and metadata to the blockchain in near real-time. We evaluate the hybrid system against both standalone MySQL and full-blockchain implementations using controlled benchmarks, analyzing latency, throughput, resource utilization, and auditability. Results show that the hybrid architecture sustains near-native responsiveness (median 2.1 ms versus 1.6 ms for pure MySQL and 60.5 ms for Fabric) and delivers 480 Transaction Per Second (TPS), while incurring only modest overhead (47% of i7-9750H CPU, 1.15 GB RAM) and enhancing data integrity and compliance with regulations such as Oman’s Personal Data Protection Law (PDPL). The framework is extensible to multi-institutional deployments and supports regulatory alignment, making it a viable pathway for blockchain adoption in clinical settings.
Automated Cattle Age Estimation Using Dentition Analysis and Deep Learning Aneesh S Mayya Nitte, Anisha P Rodrigues Nitte, Roshan Fernandes Nitte, Sarika Jain, P. Vijaya International Conference on Innovative Practices in Technology and Management Iciptm 2026, 2026 Proper age estimation has been seen to be vital in livestock management, breeding choices as well as market valuation, but the conventional age estimation approach by dentition is potentially costly in terms of manual handling and expert opinion, which results in inconsistency and subjectivity. To master these bounds, this work tells an automated computer-visionbased cattle dentition classification system using the YOLOv8 object detection framework. Cattle dental visuals were collected, marked into discrete dentition levels, and arranged into training, validation, and testing groups. The framework was trained by built-in augmentation approaches to improve stability under different lighting, angles, and actual-world farm criteria. Experimental outputs demonstrate trustworthy detection and sorting performance, reaching an mAP50 of 74.6% and mAP50-95 of 47.1%, showing a strong generalization around dentition classes. The proposed method offers a fast, stable, and scalable option to manual age calculation and shows stable potential for real-world deployment in cattle management applications.
Assessing OT Cybersecurity Readiness in Critical Infrastructure: Global Frameworks and GCC Applications Al Khazama Al Araimi, Joseph Mani, Mohamed Sirajudeen Yoosuf, Ajay Vikram Singh, Vijaya P International Conference on Innovative Practices in Technology and Management Iciptm 2026, 2026 Operational Technology (OT) systems in critical infrastructure are increasingly integrated with Information Technology (IT), exposing legacy industrial control environments to cyber threats. This paper assesses the readiness of Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) region critical infrastructure operators to adopt and operationalize global OT cybersecurity frameworks and maturity models, focusing on the NIST Cybersecurity Framework (CSF), NIST SP 800-82 (OT security guide), IEC 62443 standards, and the DOE Cybersecurity Capability Maturity Model (C2M2). Through a comprehensive literature review and comparative analysis, we identify key barriers to framework implementation in the GCC, including shortages of skilled OT security professionals, siloed IT/OT organizational structures, and fragmented national policies. Our findings indicate that the energy sector in the GCC is relatively advanced in cybersecurity framework adoption, whereas other sectors such as water utilities and municipal transport lag behind in maturity. To bridge these gaps, we propose actionable strategies including a hybrid multi-layer framework adoption model, the establishment of GCC- specific maturity benchmarks and crosssector collaboration, and targeted workforce development programs. These recommendations aim to enhance OT cyber resilience across the GCC by aligning the best global practices with regional context and improving governance, capacity-building, and policy integration.
ROS2-Integrated Autonomous Vehicle Simulation with Behavioural Cloning and YOLOv8 Vision Perception Moulya K B, Anisha P Rodrigues, Roshan Fernandes, Ajay Vikram Singh, P. Vijaya International Conference on Innovative Practices in Technology and Management Iciptm 2026, 2026 To ensure that autonomous driving technologies are safe, reliable, and robust under various road conditions, they must undergo thorough testing. However, real-world testing can be expensive, risky, and limited by environmental factors. This study introduces a fully simulation-based framework for autonomous driving, incorporating behavioral cloning, YOLOv8 for traffic light recognition, and ROS2 for sensor communication within the Webots simulator. A neural network for behavioral cloning was developed and trained using manually gathered driving data to predict steering and throttle commands, providing end-to-end vehicle control. The YOLOv8 model detects red, yellow, and green traffic lights in real time, allowing vehicles to adhere to traffic rules. Additionally, a LIDAR-based module for obstacle detection was included to minimize collision risks and ensure safe navigation. Various experimental settings in Webots, such as a simple road without obstacles, an urban environment with intersections and traffic lights, and scenarios with obstacles, were created to evaluate the system. The experimental results show that the system can drive autonomously, follow traffic signals, and avoid obstacles. The proposed framework highlights modularity and extensibility, making it ideal for future research on autonomous navigation, intelligent transportation systems, and the development of simulation-driven AI solutions.
A Hybrid AES-GCM Based Structural Encryption Approach for IoT and Alphabet-Restricted Communication Manjunath Kamath K, Akanksh J K, Sujal Sunil Badde, Shambhu K Jha, Vijaya Padmanabha International Conference on Innovative Practices in Technology and Management Iciptm 2026, 2026 The including the IoT networks, cloud infrastruct rapid expansion of interconnected digital ecosystems,ures, and Real-time communication platforms have increased Significantly, there is a need for encryption schemes resistant to current and developing cryptanalytic attacks. Though AES-GCM is still most a popular standard because of its authenticated encryption, speed, robustness and binary ciphertext structure and deterministic nature. Behavior can inadvertently show patterns in repetitive or Streams of structured data. Constrained environments that have high For instance, plaintext redundancy: sensor telemetry, low-entropy IoT traffic, or communication channels with alphabet restrictions, Quite often, this issue becomes very significant. In this paper, a new hybrid architecture A proposal for encryption is provided that extends the traditional AES-GCM by adding a lightweight, reversible transformation layer to perform structural Obfuscation and alphabet-only compatibility. Of the many security features included in the framework are a memory hard Scrypt-based KDF, Base-26 ciphertext encoding, adaptive Vigenre-style substitution, block-level permutations, CSPRNG-driven rotations, deterministic noise injection, and HMAC SHA256 authentication. Experimental evaluations demonstrate high entropy levels <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$5.23-5.33$</tex> bits/char, reliable execution times (¡ 600 ms for 10 KB), complete reversibility, and robust defenses for these: statistical, brute-force, correlation; replay, and tampering attacks. The following proposed system has considerably improved confidentiality and structural unpredictability while remaining appropriate for IoT devices, secure messaging systems, cloud storage, and Environments restricted to alphabet-only payload compatibility.
Intelligent Theft Management System: A YOLO-Based Real-Time CCTV Monitoring for Jewellers Moulya K B, Anisha P Rodrigues, Roshan Fernandes, P. Vijaya, Sarika Jain International Conference on Innovative Practices in Technology and Management Iciptm 2026, 2026 The Intelligent Theft Management System (ITMS) offers a real-time, CCTV-driven security solution for detecting intrusions and theft in high-risk retail settings, particularly jewelry stores. It utilizes the YOLOv5 deep learning-based object detection model to recognize human presence in live video streams and automatically issue alerts when suspicious or unauthorized behavior is observed. CCTV video is analyzed on a frame-by-frame basis, enabling rapid and reliable detection across diverse lighting conditions and backgrounds. The system incorporates adjustable confidence thresholds, configurable alert channels (SMS and email), and a browser-based administrative dashboard for oversight and control. Experimental validation was performed using a mix of COCO-pretrained models and custom CCTV clips recorded in daylight, low-light, and nighttime scenarios. System performance was measured using precision, recall, <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\mathbf{F 1}$</tex>-score, and detection latency, confirming that YOLOv5 delivers high accuracy alongside real-time processing suitable for continuous surveillance. Overall, the results show that ITMS is an effective, scalable, and practical solution for automated theft detection that also helps minimize the need for manual monitoring.
Adaptive Cryptographic Confidential Computing Framework for Continuous Cloud Data Protection Varshitha B A, Shravya R, Shreeraksha M, Ajay Vikram Singh, Vijaya Padmanabha International Conference on Innovative Practices in Technology and Management Iciptm 2026, 2026 The Adaptive Cryptographic Confidential Computing framework introduced here aims to keep data protected throughout its entire journey in the cloud whether it is sitting in storage, moving between services or being processed in real time. In many existing systems, encryption tends to stop at storage or transmission which still leaves the data exposed while computations are taking place. The work addresses this gap by bringing together a small simulated confidential execution environment, Azure key vault for handling and rotating keys and the use of Managed Identities so that no passwords or static secrets are involved. A policy engine assigns a sensitivity level to the input and selects one of three AEAD algorithms. AES-256-GCM is applied for high sensitivity data, AES-128-GCM for moderate security needs and ChaCha20-Poly1305 for performance oriented environments. When tested on Azure for Students, the system behaved consistently with predictable throughput and only minor delays caused by key derivation steps. The secure execution checks worked reliably even with larger files of around <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\mathbf{1 0 ~ M B}$</tex>. Since the design includes continuous encryption and automatic key rotation it aligns naturally with the requirements of common regulatory standards.
Design and Implementation of a Hybrid Post-Quantum Cryptography (PQC) Enabled VPN for Quantum Resistant Secure Communication Shreya Irniraya, Bansi S Sinojia, Roshan Fernandes, Anisha P Rodrigues, Ajay Vikram Singh, P. Vijaya International Conference on Innovative Practices in Technology and Management Iciptm 2026, 2026 The current VPN systems that use Classical Cryptography are becoming increasingly vulnerable to attacks on Quantum Computers. This paper examines the creation and implementation of a Quantum-Safe VPN solution that incorporates Post-Quantum Cryptography (PQC) via the Kyber 512 algorithm. The proposal includes a practical client/server implementation using WireGuard as the tunneling protocol and Tailscale for connectivity with an additional level of protection enabling the use of PQC for key exchange via the liboqs library. Selected performance metrics were determined (latency, handshake duration, CPU utilization, throughput) and compared with those of the Classical VPNs. The findings indicate that while PQC will add extra processing overhead (in particular, the Handshake process), it provides a significantly stable and secure channel for communications. Although throughput was less than with Classical VPNs, and CPU usage was increased, the PQC enabled VPN was found to provide acceptable reliability and produce zero packet losses. The results of this study have proven that integration of PQC in a VPN is achievable in real world applications and demonstrates the necessity for secure methods in future networking.
SwitchCrypt: Dynamic Hybrid Multi-Algorithm Encryption with Modified Ciphers and Algorithm Switching Ashmi Kotian, Prajwal S Rao, Aditya Bhat K, T Srijan Shetty, Nitin Pandey, Vijaya Padmanabha International Conference on Innovative Practices in Technology and Management Iciptm 2026, 2026 Modern digital services, particularly cloud-based platforms and large communication systems, are in need of encryption techniques that can match the level of sophistication in the attackers' methods. The use of a single cipher as the sole solution is no longer adequate because it usually faces difficulties from the contemporary analytical techniques and might not provide a uniform performance during the encryption and decryption processes. In view of these drawbacks, the SwitchCrypt framework came into being as a dynamic hybrid model that commingles several symmetric ciphers with asymmetric key encapsulation and at the same time, employing the real-time algorithm switching. The framework uses AES-XR, ChaCha20-Swap, and Blowfish-Rotate for segment-level protection, while RSA-2048 makes sure that the key material exchanged between parties is kept secure. Rather than encrypting the whole dataset as a single continuous stream, SwitchCrypt gets the input data into smaller segments and applies different symmetric algorithms to each part. This segmentation plus the multi-cipher strategy leads to a higher level of randomness in the ciphertext and thus makes it much harder to detect through pattern recognition or structural inference. To find out how well the system performs in real life, benchmarks were done with datasets from 1 KB to 5 MB. The tests determined throughput, accuracy, and scaling behavior. The outcomes revealed that ChaCha20-Swap recorded the highest throughput of 675.85 MB/s, followed by AES-XR, where the hybrid switching engine only added a tiny bit of overhead and kept the throughput steady for various file sizes. The overall results suggest that SwitchCrypt can provide fast, scalable, and strong protection that is suitable for high-security environments requiring continuous secure communication or enterprise-grade data protecting.
Face Detection and Emotion Recognition Using Convolutional Neural Network Aryan Al Zadjali, Abrar Al Balushi, Ajay Vikram Singh, Mohamed Sirajudeen Yoosuf, Joseph Mani, Vijaya P International Conference on Innovative Practices in Technology and Management Iciptm 2026, 2026 Face detection and emotion recognition have gained significant attention in the context of human-computer interaction and intelligent systems. This paper presents a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)-based approach to automatic facial emotion recognition using a publicly available dataset of facial expressions. Images were preprocessed to a uniform resolution of <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$48 \times 48$</tex> pixels and augmented to enhance model robustness. The CNN architecture integrates convolutional, pooling, batch normalization, and fully connected layers with dropout to enhance generalization. The model achieved a training accuracy of 87 % and a validation accuracy of approximately 70 %, highlighting both the promise and limitations of CNNs for this task. Results indicate effective capture of discriminative facial features but also highlight challenges in handling subtle and overlapping emotions such as fear and surprise. The findings provide a foundation for future work aimed at improving accuracy through deeper networks, attention mechanisms, and multimodal data integration. Our model achieved <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$\sim 70 \%$</tex> validation accuracy, which is <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">$+\mathrm{X} \%$</tex> higher than a simple CNN baseline without batch normalization and dropout.
House Price Prediction Using Machine Learning Raiyan Al Wahaibi, Mohamed Sirajudeen Yoosuf, P. Vijaya, Joseph Mani, Ajay Vikram Singh 2025 12th International Conference on Reliability Infocom Technologies and Optimization Trends and Future Directions Icrito 2025, 2025
A Voice-Driven AI and IoT Device for Next-Generation Tourist Assistance Harshit Toprani, Joseph Mani, Mohamed Sirajudeen Yoosuf, Vijaya P, Ajay Vikram Singh 2025 12th International Conference on Reliability Infocom Technologies and Optimization Trends and Future Directions Icrito 2025, 2025
SMS Spam Detection using Naïve Bayes and Logistic Regression Rawnaq Al Aufi, Mohamed Sirajudeen Yoosuf, P. Vijaya, Joseph Mani, Ajay Vikram Singh 2025 12th International Conference on Reliability Infocom Technologies and Optimization Trends and Future Directions Icrito 2025, 2025
IoT-Based Health Monitoring and Emergency Response System for Elderly Care Salma Altamtami, P. Vijaya, Mohamed Sirajudeen Yoosuf, Josephmani Puthenparampily, Ajay Vikram Singh 2025 12th International Conference on Reliability Infocom Technologies and Optimization Trends and Future Directions Icrito 2025, 2025
CNN-Based Traffic Sign Recognition System Beylasan Al Ruzaiqi, Amal Krizou, Tasnim Al Busaidi, Haider Al-Lawati, Vijaya Padmanabha 2025 International Conference on Metaverse and Current Trends in Computing Icmctc 2025, 2025
Olympic Games Analysis and Visualization for Medal Prediction Maheswari Raja, P. Sharmila, P. Vijaya, Roshan Fernandes, Anisha P Rodrigues, Manjunath Kamath K 2025 International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Data Engineering Aide 2025 Proceedings, 2025
Deep Learning in Forensic Sketch Analysis Anisha P Rodrigues, Pratham S Shetty, Preethika Shet, Priyal Mariam Cornelio, Samarth N Baliga, Roshan Fernandes, P. Vijaya 2025 International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Data Engineering Aide 2025 Proceedings, 2025
Local Language Handwritten Character Recognition Anisha P Rodrigues, Akshay Prabhu K, Shailesh U Acharya, Adithya MS, Seejan Padmanabha Poojari, Roshan Fernandes, P. Vijaya 2025 International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Data Engineering Aide 2025 Proceedings, 2025
Face Detection and Emotion Recognition Anisha P Rodrigues, Roshan Fernandes, P. Vijaya Cosmic 2024 IEEE International Conference on Computing Semiconductor Mechatronics Intelligent Systems and Communications Proceedings, 2024
Insights from Data Science and Machine Learning: Understanding Global Air Quality Dynamics Ceur Workshop Proceedings, 2024
Human Stress Detection Roshan Fernandes, Anisha P Rodrigues, P. Vijaya, Vijaya Shetty S Cosmic 2024 IEEE International Conference on Computing Semiconductor Mechatronics Intelligent Systems and Communications Proceedings, 2024
Audio Dub Detection Using Machine Learning Roshan Fernandes, Akshata D Bhat, Adithya Rao K, Aditi Diwakar, Anisha P. Rodrigues, Divya Jennifer Dsouza, P. Vijaya 8th IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing VLSI Electrical Circuits and Robotics Discover 2024 Proceedings, 2024
Assistive image caption and tweet development using deep learning Explainable Artificial Intelligence Xai Concepts Enabling Tools Technologies and Applications, 2023
Comparison of artificial intelligence models for prognosis of breast cancer Explainable Artificial Intelligence Xai Concepts Enabling Tools Technologies and Applications, 2023
Efficient virtual reality-based platform for virtual concerts Roshan Fernandes, Arjun P. Gaonkar, Pratheek J. Shenoy, Anisha P. Rodrigues, Mohan B. A., Vijaya Padmanabha Multimedia and Sensory Input for Augmented Mixed and Virtual Reality, 2021
Analysis of leader based clustering algorithms for pattern classification Proceedings of the 2nd Indian International Conference on Artificial Intelligence Iicai 2005, 2005