Classical Archaeology, Roman archaeology, Museology
30
Scopus Publications
Scopus Publications
THE CHILD BURIAL WITH A GLASS RHYTON FROM THE PANTIKAPAION NECROPOLIS Л.А. Голофаст, Д.В. Журавлев, О.С. Румянцева Kratkiye Soobshcheniya Instituta Arkheologii, 2025 В статье публикуется комплекс находок из детского погребения некрополя Пантикапея, исследованного в 1903 г. В. В. Шкорпилом. Материалы комплекса были разделены Императорской археологической комиссией и хранятся в Государственном историческом музее в Москве и в Государственном Эрмитаже в Санкт-Петербурге. Уникален найденный в захоронении выдутый в форму зооморфный ритон с ромбовидными выступами на тулове, интерпретируемыми как чешуйки сосновых шишек. Белое непрозрачное стекло сосуда позволяет предположить его производство в Сирии. Этой гипотезе не противоречит состав стекла находки: его основой стало, очевидно, т. н. римское стекло левантийского происхождения, в которое для получения белого непрозрачного сосуда была добавлена сурьма – в соответствии с распространенным в римское время «рецептом». Особую ценность имеет происхождение ритона из закрытого комплекса, в состав которого входили керамическая ойнохоя с глазурованным покрытием, бронзовая фибула с эмалью в виде фигурки павлина, бронзовая подвеска в виде голубя, кольцо с выступами, круглый фрагмент золотой фольги и бусины. Местонахождение упомянутого в отчете фрагмента терракотовой маски не установлено. Состав находок позволяет датировать захоронение второй половиной I в. н. э. The paper publishes an assemblage of finds from a child burial at the Pantikapaion necropolis excavated by V. V. Shkorpil in 1903. The materials from this assemblage were divided by the Imperial Archaeological Commission into two parts, one part of the collection is now held in the State Historical Museum in Moscow whereas the second part is kept in the State Hermitage Museum in St. Petersburg. A unique zoomorphic rhyton blown into form that has rhomboid bosses on its body interpreted as pine cone scales was found in the burial. The white opaque glass of the vessel suggests that it was produced in Syria. The composition of the glass is consistent with this hypothesis. The find was apparently made of the so called Roman glass from the Levantine production centers; to produce an opaque white glass vessel, antimony was added to base glass according to the recipe used during the Roman period. Of special value is the fact that the rhyton was discovered in a closed assemblage that also included a ceramic oenochoe with glazed coating, a bronze enameled fibula shaped as a peacock, a bronze pendant showing a dove, a ring with bosses, a round fragment of golden foil and beads. The location of the fragment of a terracotta mask mentioned in the report has not been identified. The assemblage suggests that it dates back to the second half of the 1st century AD.
Pursuing Authenticity in Counterfeits: Kerch-Produced Terracotta “Roman” Pastiche, Late 19th Century Denis Zhuravlev, Polina Guryeva, Elena Tereschenko, Ekaterina Yatsishina Stratum Plus, 2025 The collections of many museums include various terracotta figurines and plastic vessels acquired in the second half of the 19th century by museums or private collectors from Kerch antique dealers, for example, E. R. Zaporozhskiy. These figurines were composed of fragments of authentic objects from different periods and supplemented with clay, plaster, and other materials to give them a solid, marketable form. Traditionally, in museums, they are considered fake and are not of interest to researchers. The article examines several terracotta figurines and plastic vessels of “Roman times” from the collection of the State Historical Museum (SHM, Moscow), which were purchased from E. R. Zaporozhskiy or entered the collection of V. I. Sizov in the 1880s —1890s. The National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute” carried out an X-ray tomographic study of these terracotta pieces, including the creation of 3D models of structural elements, which made it possible to identify all the genuine antique details and later inclusions clearly. As a result of the research, these objects can be considered not only as examples of forgery of the 19th century, but also as a set of authentic fragments of terracotta figurines and vessels of the first centuries AD.
On the Technology of Production of Antique Red-Glazed Pottery (Bosporan, Pontic, and Eastern Sigillata) A. V. Mandrykina, D. V. Zhuravlev, P. V. Guryeva, E. S. Kovalenko, O. A. Kondratyev, D. N. Khmelenin, E. Yu. Tereschenko, E. B. Yatsishina Crystallography Reports, 2024 Abstract Based on comprehensive studies of fragments of antique red-glazed pottery (terra sigillata) of the Pontic, Bosporan, and Eastern groups, characteristic technological features of the slip layer and ceramic bulk have been identified. The Eastern-sigillata samples exhibited the best quality. The small size of the pores and inclusions suggests the use of finely dispersed clay. In addition, a mixture of two types of clay (ferrous and more refractory calcareous) was revealed. The special and, apparently, careful preparation of the clay suspension for the slip layer production included addition of a potassium-containing preparation, presumably, potassium potash (to glaze better the layer), as well as an iron-containing pigment, likely, ochre. The firing temperature for this group of samples was about 1000°C. Pontic sigillata products differed from the Eastern pottery by a lower content of potassium potash and the absence of specially added pigment in the varnish layer. The firing temperature was lower: 850–900°C. The Bosporan products are characterized by much less thorough preparation of both the clay raw material as a base and the varnish layer, as well as the lowest firing temperature in comparison with other groups (500–900°C).
Attic Polychrome Plastic Vessels from the State Historical Museum Collection: Comprehensive Studies D. V. Zhuravlev, T. A. Ilyina, E. Yu. Tereschenko, P. V. Guryeva, E. S. Kovalenko, O. A. Kondratyev, E. A. Kuzmina, E. S. Kulikova, A. V. Mandrykina, N. B. Shaliavina, E. B. Yatsishina Crystallography Reports, 2024 Abstract Comprehensive studies of three Attic plastic vessels dated to the 4th century BC from the State Historical Museum collection have been performed. The use of X-ray tomography (XRT), large-scale X-ray fluorescence (XRF) mapping, energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis (EDX) under scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and synchrotron X-ray diffraction (XRD-SR) analysis made it possible to study in detail their state of preservation (including restoration traces) and the manufacturing technology, as well as to identify the pigments used in painting the surface. Based on the pigment residues, identified visually and on XRF maps, a reconstruction of the polychrome painting of the vessels was proposed. Because of the poor state of preservation of the coating on the surface of two vessels, the reconstruction of their possible polychrome painting was performed based on a comparison with known analogues.
TWO CNIDIAN PLASTIC VESSELS OF THE 2nd CENTURY AD FROM THE COLLECTION OF THE STATE HISTORICAL MUSEUM: TECHNOLOGICAL RESEARCH Denis V. Zhuravlev, Polina V. Guryeva, Ekaterina S. Kovalenko, Elena Yu. Tereschenko, Ekaterina B. Yatsishina Rossijskaja Arheologija, 2024 The article considers two textbook-famous Cnidian plastic vessels from the collection of the State Historical Museum in Moscow. One of them, shaped as a ram, comes from the excavations of N.I. Veselovsky in the Kuban region, the second one – a lagynos with erotic scenes on its body – was found by I.I. Gushchina at the Late Scythian burial ground Belbek IV in the Southwestern Crimea. As part of a project to do research on monuments of the classical period from the State Historical Museum collection, an X-ray tomographic study of these vessels was conducted at the National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute”, which made it possible to clarify the technology of their manufacture.
X-ray Fluorescence Analysis of the Composition of the Alloy of Rare Figural Weights of the 5th Century with an Image of the Emperor on the Throne T. N. Smekalova, D. V. Zhuravlev Nanobiotechnology Reports, 2023 Abstract For the first time, the results of X-ray fluorescence analysis of the composition of the alloy of two similar weights of the 5th century are presented with an image of the emperor sitting on the throne, originating from Chersonesos and Voronezh oblast. The opinions of researchers on identification of the image are divided. Most are inclined to believe that the figures are replicas from a large triumphal sculpture of Emperor Constantine. The weight from Chersonesos is made from gold-like brass, perhaps for greater decorative appeal. The second weight, stored in the State Historical Museum, is made from high-tin bronze with a large amount of lead. This alloy is also characterized by a beautiful golden hue. Initially, the weights were bimetallic; the cavity inside them was filled with lead to adjust specific instances of “fast” scales to the rocker arms. The figures are made in a highly artistic manner and, very likely, were a standard of reference or temple weights. The image of the emperor and the gold-like alloy of the weights served both to impart absolute authority to the ruling body and to propagate imperial power on the periphery and far beyond the borders of the Empire.
Photogrammetry for archaeology: Collecting pieces together A. G. Chibunichev, V. A. Knyaz, D. V. Zhuravlev, V. M. Kurkov International Archives of the Photogrammetry Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences ISPRS Archives, 2018
Research in the ancient settlement "Golubickaja-2" on the southern Russian Taman Peninsula. Archaeology - Geoarchaeology - Historical interpretation Eurasia Antiqua, 2013
Geoarchaeology of taman peninsula (Kerch Strait, South-West Russia) - The example of the ancient Greek settlement of Golubitskaya 2 Erde, 2011
