Betaherpesvirus Incidence in Saliva Samples From Patients With Hematological Neoplasms: Frequency, Clinic and Diagnostic Insights Ana Carolina Silva Guimarães, Jéssica Pereira Gonçalves, Nathália de Sousa Pereira, Flávia Freitas de Oliveira Bonfim, Katrini Guidolini Martinelli, et al. Journal of Medical Virology, 2026 Hematological neoplasms (HN) are disorders originating in blood cells that hold significant epidemiological importance. Treatments available for these conditions can induce immunosuppression, and it increases the risk of viral infections and reactivations, mainly by Human betaherpesviruses (HCMV, HHV‐6, and HHV‐7). Studies have suggested that these viruses play potential oncogenic role in hematological neoplasms, although results remain inconclusive. This study aimed to evaluate the frequency and viral load of betaherpesviruses in saliva samples from patients with hematological neoplasms, and to explore their relevance to clinicopathological characteristics. In total, 260 saliva samples collected from patients with Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) ( n = 29), non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) ( n = 106), leukemia ( n = 85) and multiple myeloma (MM) ( n = 40) were analyzed in multiplex qPCR. The result was compared with control group samples from patients without hematological neoplasm ( n = 159). HHV‐7 was the most frequently detected betaherpesvirus, identified in 15.8% (41/260) of patients with hematological neoplasms. In comparison, HCMV and HHV‐6 were detected in 12 (4.6%) and 11 (4.2%) patients, respectively. In the control group, HCMV was detected in 2 individuals (1.3%), HHV‐6 in 6 (3.8%), and HHV‐7 in 14 (8.8%). A statistically significant difference in HHV‐7 detection was observed between patients and controls ( p = 0.005). Additionally, HCMV detection showed a significant difference between patients with HL and MM ( p = 0.036). The detection of betaherpesviruses, particularly HHV‐7, was more frequent and viral in patients with hematologic malignancies compared to the control group, with statistically significant differences observed. In summary, HHV‐7 was the most frequently detected virus, found in 15.8% of patients versus 8.8% of controls. However, its presence in saliva alone does not confirm disease association. Our findings reinforce the need for longitudinal studies to clarify the potential pathogenic role of HHV‐7 and other betaherpesviruses in hematological neoplasms, and their possible impact on patient outcomes.
Sophorolipids from Starmerella bombicola: an alternative for treating skin lesions caused by herpes simplex virus type 1 Briani Gisele Bigotto, Débora Dahmer, André Luiz Dyna, Mario Gabriel Lopes Barboza, Ricardo Luis Nascimento de Matos, et al. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 2025 Aims This study aims to evaluate the antiviral activity of sophorolipids against herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and develop an anti-herpetic formulation for treatment of cutaneous lesions caused by HSV-1. Methods and results The antiherpetic activity of sophorolipids was evaluated in vitro against both sensitive (KOS) and acyclovir-resistant HSV-1 strains. used as a model to assess the antiviral activity of sophorolipids against non-enveloped viruses Poliovirus was used as a model to assess the antiviral activity of sophorolipids against non-enveloped viruses. The results showed that sophorolipids exhibit effective antiviral activity against both strains with low cytotoxicity to VERO cells. However, antiviral activity against poliovirus was not observed, suggesting that sophorolipids specifically target enveloped virus. In vivo, the sophorolipid-based cream formulation demonstrated good stability and efficacy in reducing herpetic lesions, including those caused by the drug-resistant strain. Promising antiviral activity was confirmed through histopathological analysis, indicating a reduced occurrence of tissue damage in the treated group compared to the viral control. Conclusions Sophorolipids, whether isolated or incorporated as an active ingredient in a cream formulation, represent a promising and innovative alternative for the treatment of cutaneous lesions caused by HSV-1, including strains resistant to the reference drug.
Production and characterization of rhamnolipids by Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated in the Amazon region, and potential antiviral, antitumor, and antimicrobial activity Sidnei Cerqueira dos Santos, Chayenna Araújo Torquato, Darlisson de Alexandria Santos, Alexandre Orsato, Karoline Leite, et al. Scientific Reports, 2024 Biosurfactants encompass structurally and chemically diverse molecules with surface active properties, and a broad industrial deployment, including pharmaceuticals. The interest is growing mainly for the low toxicity, biodegradability, and production from renewable sources. In this work, the optimized biosurfactant production by Pseudomonas aeruginosa BM02, isolated from the soil of a mining area in the Brazilian Amazon region was assessed, in addition to its antiviral, antitumor, and antimicrobial activities. The optimal conditions for biosurfactant production were determined using a factorial design, which showed the best yield (2.28 mg/mL) at 25 °C, pH 5, and 1% glycerol. The biosurfactant obtained was characterized as a mixture of rhamnolipids with virucidal properties against Herpes Simplex Virus, Coronavirus, and Respiratory Syncytial Virus, in addition to antimicrobial properties against Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecium), at 50 µg/mL. The antitumor activity of BS (12.5 µg/mL) was also demonstrated, with potential selectivity in reducing the proliferation of breast tumor cells, after 1 min of exposure. These results demonstrate the importance of studying the interconnection between cultivation conditions and properties of industrially important compounds, such as rhamnolipid-type biosurfactant from P. aeruginosa BM02, a promising and sustainable alternative in the development of new antiviral, antitumor, and antimicrobial prototypes.
Antiviral therapies: advances and perspectives Bruna Carolina Gonçalves, Mário Gabriel Lopes Barbosa, Anna Paula Silva Olak, Natalia Belebecha Terezo, Leticia Nishi, et al. Fundamental and Clinical Pharmacology, 2021
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