Extraction of lignin from Eucalyptus and Casuarina wood chips and coating on paperboard for sustainable food packaging applications Hariharan Narayanan, Vishnuvarthanan Mayakrishnan EPJ Web of Conferences, 2025 The increasing demand for sustainable and biodegradable food packaging materials has encouraged the use of lignin-based coatings. In this work, lignin was extracted from Eucalyptus and Casuarina wood chips (in the ratio of 1:1) as a byproduct of the kraft pulping process and applied as a coating material. To improve its performance, lignin was blended with acrylic latex, a binder for pigment. The coating was applied on 160 gsm paperboard using a laboratory bar coater and dried in a hot-air oven at 105°C. The coated paperboard was tested for its physical and mechanical properties. To understand the effect of Lignin, sheets coated with acrylic latex also studied. The resulting paper had a GSM of 160.9 and a coat weight of 0.71 g/m². The tensile strength and stiffness (GM) were measured as 11667 N/m and 41 mN respectively. Cobb60 value is 20.1 g/m², the burst strength reached 560.1 kPa also exhibited an opacity of 99.99%. In addition, shade and colour difference were also analysed. Overall, the results indicate that lignin can be effectively utilized as a bio-based coating material, providing an eco-friendly material that has prominent light stopping and UV absorbing ability than conventional polymer coatings for sustainable packaging applications.
Regulations and Laws Related to Use of Edible Coating and Films Jian Ju, Fangyuan Zhao, M. Vishnuvarthanan Edible Film and Coatings Innovative Applications for Packaging and Food Preservation, 2025 In the modern area of food science and technology, the exploration of innovative solutions for food preservation and packaging has become increasingly imperative. Among these solutions, edible coatings and films have emerged as promising alternatives offering a blend of functionality, sustainability and consumer appeal. The application of edible coatings and films represents a standard shift in food packaging and preservation, driven by consumer demand for safer, fresher and more sustainable food products. Unlike conventional packaging materials, which often contribute to environmental pollution and waste, edible barriers are designed to be consumed along with the food, eliminating the need for disposal and reducing the carbon footprint associated with packaging. This inherent sustainability aligns with the growing global emphasis on environmental stewardship and circular economy principles. However, the widespread adoption of edible coatings and films is contingent upon compliance with many regulations and laws governing food additives, packaging materials and safety standards. The regulatory bodies such as the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the United States, the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) in Europe and their counterparts worldwide play a pivotal role in ensuring the safety, efficacy and labelling transparency of food products and additives.
Recent Advances in PBAT (Nano) Composite Materials for Food Packaging: A Comprehensive Review Raja Venkatesan, Vishnuvarthanan Mayakrishnan, Maher M. Alrashed, Seong‐Cheol Kim Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2025 Advancements in food packaging aim to meet consumers' evolving preferences for healthier and eco‐friendly products. Traditional plastics used in packaging are unsustainable and harm the environment, prompting interest in eco‐friendly alternatives. However, bio‐plastic materials often have low barrier and mechanical properties that can be improved with reinforcement. Bio‐degradable polymers, such as PBAT, have unique properties that make them suitable for food packaging applications. PBAT‐based composites with nanofillers have attracted attention due to their ability to enhance the mechanical and thermal stability, barrier, contact angle, and antimicrobial activity of the material. The present review comprehensively discusses the progress in PBAT‐based food packaging materials. Furthermore, a brief insight is given into the fabrication methods used to create these composites, the various techniques employed to characterize their properties, and the potential applications of these innovative materials in the food packaging industry.
Biomass-based composite materials: Processing, properties and applications Sustainable Structural Materials from Fundamentals to Manufacturing Properties and Applications, 2025
Additive manufacturing of nanocellulose composites M Vishnuvarthanan, JJ Rino, R Venkatesan, V Subha Processing of Nanocellulose and Nanocellulose-Based Composites, 55-81 , 2026 2026
AI and ML for ingredient discovery and formulation optimization M Vishnuvarthanan, VSV Selvi, R Venkatesan, V Subha Artificial Intelligence in Food Science, 243-261 , 2026 2026 Citations: 3
PLA-Based Composites for Tissue Engineering M Vishnuvarthanan, A Prasad, V Subha Resorbable Polymers for Bioimplants and Fixation Devices, 127-162 , 2025 2025 Citations: 1
Regulations and Laws Related to Use of Edible Coating and Films J Ju, F Zhao, M Vishnuvarthanan Edible Film and Coatings, 418-436 , 2025 2025
Paper and paperboard from agricultural waste—a sustainable waste management approach M Vishnuvarthanan Recent Advances in Bioremediation and Phytoremediation, 189-204 , 2025 2025 Citations: 2
Revolutionizing Healthcare Through Nanomaterials in Medicine M Vishnuvarthanan Sustainable Era of Nanomaterials: Opening Up a Path for a Green Future, 185-203 , 2025 2025 Citations: 3
3D, 4D, and 5D Printing Technology Towards Photoelectric Devices M Vishnuvarthanan Polymer Nanocomposites for 3D, 4D and 5D Printing: Fundamental to … , 2025 2025 Citations: 1
Sulfite pulping: Extraction M Vishnuvarthanan Handbook of Lignin, 1-23 , 2025 2025 Citations: 2
Particleboard from Rice Husk M Vishnuvarthanan Rice Husk Biomass: Processing, Properties and Applications, 271-286 , 2025 2025 Citations: 4
Rheological studies of biomass-based nanocomposites M Vishnuvarthanan Sustainable Packaging Strengthened by Biomass, 71-94 , 2025 2025
Nanocellulose based nanocomposite for packaging M Vishnuvarthanan, AA Madhavan Sustainable Packaging Strengthened by Biomass, 141-164 , 2025 2025
Bio-Nanocomposite and Biofilm: An Overview M Vishnuvarthanan Elsevier , 2025 2025 Citations: 1
Enhancing cherry tomato packaging: Evaluation of physicochemical, mechanical, and antibacterial properties in tannic acid and gallic acid crosslinked cellulose/chitosan blend films SCK Tianyu Hou, Raja Venkatesan, Thulasidhas Dhilipkumar, Vishnuvarthanan ... International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 285, 138276 , 2024 2024 Citations: 36
Development and Characterization of Antimicrobial Nisin/MMT K10/AgNPs Nanocomposite Coatings on Oxygen Plasma Surface Modified Polypropylene for Food Packaging Applications V Mayakrishnan, R Venkatesan, AA Madhavan Food and Bioprocess Technology , 2024 2024 Citations: 24
Band gap engineering of g-C3N4/CuS and its application in Solar Still AAM Joshua Fernandes, Sujith Kalluri, Mohammad Alsuweidi, Vishnuvarthanan ... Chemical Physics Impact 9, 100684 , 2024 2024 Citations: 12
Facile exfoliation and physicochemical characterization of Thespesia populnea plant leaves based bioplasticizers macromolecules reinforced with polylactic acid biofilms for … I Suyambulingam, D Divakaran, NP Sunesh, MK Singh, ... International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 129771-129771 , 2024 2024 Citations: 27
Mechanical, barrier, antibacterial and biodegradable properties of carrageenan/natamycin/graphene hybrid bio nanocomposite film for active antimicrobial food packaging applications M Vishnuvarthanan, V Ramji Journal of Polymer Research 30 (11), 409 , 2023 2023 Citations: 11
Effect of nano‑biochar on mechanical, barrier and mulching properties of 3D printed thermoplastic polyurethane film V Mayakrishnan, JK Mohamed, N Selvaraj, D SenthilKumar, S Annadurai Polymer Bulletin , 2022 2022 Citations: 20
Mechanical, barrier, adhesion and antibacterial properties of pullulan/graphene bio nanocomposite coating on spray coated nanocellulose film for food packaging applications R Shanmugam, V Mayakrishnan, R Kesavan, K Shanmugam, ... Journal of Polymers and the Environment 30 (5), 1749-1757 , 2022 2022 Citations: 41
MOST CITED SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
Effect of mechanical, barrier and adhesion properties on oxygen plasma surface modified PP M Vishnuvarthanan, N Rajeswari Innovative food science & emerging technologies 30, 119-126 , 2015 2015 Citations: 67
Preparation and Characterization of Carrageenan / Silver Nanoparticles / Laponite Nanocomposite Coating on Oxygen Plasma Surface Modified Polypropylene for Food Packaging M Vishnuvarthanan, N Rajeswari Journal of Food Science and Technology , 2019 2019 Citations: 51
Optimization of injection molding cycle time using moldflow analysis M Vishnuvarthanan, R Panda, S Ilangovan Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research 13 (7), 944-946 , 2013 2013 Citations: 51
Food packaging: pectin–laponite–Ag nanoparticle bionanocomposite coated on polypropylene shows low O 2 transmission, low Ag migration and high antimicrobial activity M Vishnuvarthanan, N Rajeswari Environmental Chemistry Letters, 1-7 , 2018 2018 Citations: 50
Mechanical, barrier, adhesion and antibacterial properties of pullulan/graphene bio nanocomposite coating on spray coated nanocellulose film for food packaging applications R Shanmugam, V Mayakrishnan, R Kesavan, K Shanmugam, ... Journal of Polymers and the Environment 30 (5), 1749-1757 , 2022 2022 Citations: 41
Enhancing cherry tomato packaging: Evaluation of physicochemical, mechanical, and antibacterial properties in tannic acid and gallic acid crosslinked cellulose/chitosan blend films SCK Tianyu Hou, Raja Venkatesan, Thulasidhas Dhilipkumar, Vishnuvarthanan ... International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 285, 138276 , 2024 2024 Citations: 36
Influence of NiO supported silica nanoparticles on mechanical, barrier, optical and antibacterial properties of polylactic acid (PLA) bio nanocomposite films for food packaging … V Ramji, M Vishnuvarthanan Silicon 14 (2), 531-538 , 2022 2022 Citations: 31
Facile exfoliation and physicochemical characterization of Thespesia populnea plant leaves based bioplasticizers macromolecules reinforced with polylactic acid biofilms for … I Suyambulingam, D Divakaran, NP Sunesh, MK Singh, ... International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 129771-129771 , 2024 2024 Citations: 27
Development and Characterization of Antimicrobial Nisin/MMT K10/AgNPs Nanocomposite Coatings on Oxygen Plasma Surface Modified Polypropylene for Food Packaging Applications V Mayakrishnan, R Venkatesan, AA Madhavan Food and Bioprocess Technology , 2024 2024 Citations: 24
Environment-friendly packaging material: banana fiber/cowdung composite paperboard M Vishnuvarthanan, R Dharunya, S Jayashree, B Karpagam, ... Environmental Chemistry Letters 17 (3), 1429-1434 , 2019 2019 Citations: 22
Chitosan ternary bio nanocomposite films incorporated with MMT K10 nanoclay and spirulina V Ramji, M Vishnuvarthanan Silicon 14 (3), 1209-1220 , 2022 2022 Citations: 21
Effect of nano‑biochar on mechanical, barrier and mulching properties of 3D printed thermoplastic polyurethane film V Mayakrishnan, JK Mohamed, N Selvaraj, D SenthilKumar, S Annadurai Polymer Bulletin , 2022 2022 Citations: 20
Additives for enhancing the drying properties of adhesives for corrugated boards M Vishnuvarthanan, N Rajeswari Alexandria Engineering Journal 52 (1), 137-140 , 2013 2013 Citations: 20
Effect of alumina silicate (MMT K10) nanoclay on adhesion and barrier properties of cornstarch-based bioadhesive M Vishnuvarthanan, MF Al Shahidah, NR Gobika, B Priyadharshini, ... Silicon 13 (12), 4315-4322 , 2021 2021 Citations: 14
Band gap engineering of g-C3N4/CuS and its application in Solar Still AAM Joshua Fernandes, Sujith Kalluri, Mohammad Alsuweidi, Vishnuvarthanan ... Chemical Physics Impact 9, 100684 , 2024 2024 Citations: 12
Mechanical, barrier, antibacterial and biodegradable properties of carrageenan/natamycin/graphene hybrid bio nanocomposite film for active antimicrobial food packaging applications M Vishnuvarthanan, V Ramji Journal of Polymer Research 30 (11), 409 , 2023 2023 Citations: 11
Challenges in Additive Manufacturing for Metals and Alloys M Ramoni, R Shanmugam, N Thangapandian, M Vishnuvarthanan Innovations in Additive Manufacturing, 57-72 , 2022 2022 Citations: 11
Plant mediated greener approach for synthesis of silver nanoparticles from Digitalis purpurea plant and its antibacterial activity M Vishnuvarthanan, N Rajeswari International Journal of Nanoparticles 9 (3), 166 - 179 , 2017 2017 Citations: 9
Particleboard from Rice Husk M Vishnuvarthanan Rice Husk Biomass: Processing, Properties and Applications, 271-286 , 2025 2025 Citations: 4
Encapsulated Fragrance in Overprint Coatings K Jayashree, A Satya Priya, S Sugumar, M Arul Vanishwari, ... Journal of Applied Sciences Research 9 (1), 141 - 148 , 2013 2013 Citations: 4