Entropy-Heat Transfer Coupling in Vibrational Non-Newtonian Nanofluid Flow with two phase study Amrita Tripure, Santosh Kumar Mishra, Amrit Shende, Pushpendra Singh Evergreen, 2026 This study investigates the coupled effects of mechanical vibration on heat transfer and entropy generation in non-Newtonian nanofluid flow under constant wall temperature conditions.The introduction of vibration promotes radial mixing and temperature uniformity, leading to a marked increase in convective heat transfer.Parametric analysis reveals that amplitude is the most influential factor, followed by frequency, Reynolds number, and nanoparticle concentration.Increasing vibration amplitude consistently enhances the Nusselt number across all Reynolds numbers, with values rising from approximately 38-118 in the static case to 202-224 at 4 mm amplitude and 100 Hz.The frequency effect becomes more prominent at higher amplitudes, with optimal enhancement observed between 25-100 Hz.Entropy-based analysis shows that vibration reduces total irreversibility by mitigating thermal gradients; however, excessive vibration can elevate viscous dissipation, increasing entropy generation.Thus, optimal thermal performance is achieved at moderate amplitudes and relatively high frequencies, balancing enhanced heat transfer with minimized entropy production.Two-phase numerical modeling accurately captures nanoparticle slip, diffusion, and clustering effects, exhibiting better agreement with experimental data than single-phase models.The findings provide valuable insights for the design and optimization of nanofluid-based thermal systems operating under vibrational environments.
Exploring heat transfer augmentation and entropy generation in nanofluid flow induced by vibration: Influence of velocity and rheological properties Santosh Kumar Mishra, Amrit Shende, Alka Mishra, Pushpendra Singh Numerical Heat Transfer Part A Applications, 2026 This study numerically investigates the heat transfer and entropy generation of nanofluid flow under mechanical vibration, employing approved formulations to model the nanofluid density, specific heat, viscosity, and conductivity. Specifically, the impact of vibration on laminar forced convection thermal flow of both pure water and Al2O3-water nanofluid within a pipe is explored using CFD. Various Reynolds numbers are examined under constant heat flux conditions, with nanofluid properties determined using established correlations. Results indicate that applying Al2O3 nanofluid slurry instead of pure water at low Reynolds numbers reduces entropy generation, proving advantageous. Vibration enhances heat transfer by intensifying fluid agitation and promoting particle dispersion near the wall, resulting in a significantly more uniform temperature distribution along the pipe, approximately 100 times more than steady-state flow. Analysis reveals vibration’s effectiveness in reducing irreversibility, especially at lower Reynolds numbers, with substantial enhancements in heat transfer coefficients, up to approximately fivefold compared to steady-state flow, particularly for nanofluid flows. Optimal conditions for maximizing heat transfer enhancement emphasize nanoparticle size and concentration. Mechanical vibration with different frequencies produces significant improvements in heat transfer compared to amplitude variations, primarily influenced by the Reynolds number. Overall, this study offers valuable insights into the intricate relationship between vibration, fluid dynamics, and heat transfer in nanofluid flows, with practical implications for optimizing thermal management systems across various engineering applications.
Refining cell classification for cervical cancer detection using an improved high dimensional feature fusion approach Seema Singh, Chandrahas Sahu, Pushpendra Singh, Alka Mishra, Santosh Kumar Mishra, Pawan Kumar Patnaik Medical Engineering and Physics, 2025 INTRODUCTION: Early and accurate classification of cervical cell images is essential for timely detection and prevention of cervical cancer. Traditional cytological analysis methods, such as manual interpretation of Pap smears, are often labor-intensive and susceptible to human error. Recent advances in deep learning offer promising solutions, yet many existing models lack generalization across datasets and struggle with multi-class classification challenges. METHOD: To address these limitations, this work introduces a Modified High-Dimensional Feature Fusion (HDFF) framework. The proposed method integrates normalized feature vectors extracted from seven diverse pre-trained CNN architectures-VGG16, VGG19, ResNet50, XceptionNet, InceptionV3, DenseNet121, and a Lightweight Feature extractor. These features are concatenated to form a unified representation, which is then processed by a fully connected classifier with dropout and batch normalization to enhance generalization and reduce redundancy. RESULTS: The model is evaluated on four benchmark datasets: Herlev, SIPaKMeD, Mendeley LBC, and Malhari. It achieves an accuracy of up to 99.85 % in binary classification tasks and maintains high precision, recall, F1-score, specificity, and AUC in more complex multi-class settings. On the Herlev dataset, for example, it attains a precision of 0.995, recall of 0.987, and F1-score of 0.985. Compared to existing approaches, the Modified HDFF demonstrates lower misclassification rates and stable performance across class imbalances and dataset variations. CONCLUSION: The results confirm the robustness and adaptability of the Modified HDFF framework, making it a reliable candidate for real-world cervical cancer screening. Its ability to generalize across datasets underscores its clinical relevance and diagnostic value.
Enhancing ECG analysis through parametric quartic spline modeling and machine learning classification Alka Mishra, Surekha Bhusnur, Santosh Kumar Mishra, Pushpendra Singh Computational Intelligence for Connective Cognition Networks Advances and Applications, 2025 This chapter presents a comprehensive investigation into electrocardiogram (ECG) modeling and classification methods. The primary focus is on utilizing parametric quartic splines to model ECG signals, allowing for the generation of a new dataset. This approach offers a novel perspective on ECG signal representation and opens avenues for further research into signal analysis and interpretation. In addition to ECG modeling, the study explores the application of machine learning techniques for ECG classification. Three different algorithms are employed: K-nearest neighbors (KNN), Naïve Bayes, and AdaBoost. The reported classification accuracy is 94% for KNN, 99% for Naïve Bayes, and 98% for AdaBoost. These methods are implemented using the Orange software platform, which provides a user-friendly interface for data analysis and machine learning tasks. The classification task encompasses distinguishing between normal sinus rhythms and abnormal sinus rhythms in ECG signals. By leveraging the power of machine learning, the study aims to achieve high accuracy in classifying ECG patterns, which is crucial for accurate diagnosis and patient management in clinical settings.
Strategic cancer therapy planning: optimizing treatment and quality of life with Markov decision processes Seema Singh, Chandrahas Sahu, Pushpendra Singh, Alka Mishra, Santosh Kumar Mishra, Pawan Kumar Patnaik Reports of Practical Oncology and Radiotherapy, 2025 Background: In managing the progression of diseases, particularly cancer, Markov decision processes (MDP) and dynamic therapy regimes are gaining prominence. Despite this, cancer treatments often negatively impact patients' quality of life, leading many to abandon effective, accessible, and affordable therapies. Materials and methods: This paper introduces a novel MDP-based mathematical framework for optimizing multi-therapy treatment schedules in malignancy therapy. Through practical illustrations, we demonstrate the utility and applicability of the proposed framework. Our approach integrates both patient utility and the physician's net benefit function, accounting for treatment options and survival probabilities across diverse clinical profiles. The system state in our MDP model is defined by tumor progression and normal tissue side effects, while the response field encompasses treatment outcomes categorized into recurrence, tumor regression, and healthy tissue safety. At each decision stage, the physician assesses the patient's condition and selects the optimal treatment strategy to maximize the final reward, determined by the patient's health at the end state. Results/Conclusions: This framework offers a holistic approach to improving overall treatment outcomes while recognizing the importance of preserving patients' quality of life.
Effects of vibrational flow on nanofluid flow behavior under different temperature boundary conditions Santosh Kumar Mishra, Amrita Tripure, Alka Mishra, Pushpendra Singh Numerical Heat Transfer Part A Applications, 2025 A comparative study was conducted using a well-validated computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model to investigate the effects on heat transfer. The study focused on forced convection internal flow of both base fluid and nanofluid, subjecting them to different boundary conditions. Vibration was applied in the transverse direction to the flow. The simulations were performed with varying Reynolds numbers, volume fractions, vibration frequencies, and amplitudes. In order to improve the predictive capabilities of the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model for single-phase flow systems, rheological properties dependent on temperature were incorporated. The introduction of transverse vibrations swiftly disrupted the thermal boundary layer, resulting in an axial temperature increase for low Reynolds number flows. Consequently, under constant wall temperature conditions, this led to heightened heat transfer rates. The observed enhancement in heat transfer rate, achieved through variations in volume fraction and particle diameter, aligned with typical behavior exhibited by nanofluids under steady-state flow. However, under vibrational conditions, the heat transfer enhancement surpassed that of the pure liquid significantly. As frequency levels rose, the impact of vibrations diminished, while changes in amplitude exerted a more pronounced influence. The most substantial increase, approximately 540%, was witnessed under vibrational flow conditions compared to steady-state flow. The ratio of the heat transfer coefficient was about 28% higher when the flow was subjected to uniform heat flux but under unsteady-state conditions. However, there was not much growth in the outlet temperature observed.
Entropy generation in newtonian vs non-newtonian nanofluid flow under vibration Santosh Kumar Mishra, Alka Mishra, Pushpendra Singh Physica Scripta, 2024 Numerical investigation into the effects of vibration on heat transfer and entropy generation in Newtonian and Non-Newtonian nanofluid flows through pipes reveals enhanced heat transfer via intensified fluid agitation and improved particle dispersion. Thermal entropy generation analysis shows reduced irreversibility in vibrated flow, indicating improved flow mixing. Vibration enhances heat transfer by intensifying fluid agitation and promoting particle dispersion near the wall, resulting in a significantly more uniform temperature distribution along the pipe, approximately 100 times more than steady-state flow. This study underscores vibration’s potential to optimize heat transfer and reduce entropy generation in nanofluid systems, emphasizing velocity and rheological impacts. Comparison of vibrated flow to steady-state flow for Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids reveals significant improvements under vibration, particularly at lower Reynolds numbers where non-Newtonian fluids exhibit pronounced effects. Future research directions include exploring thermal radiation’s impact on entropy generation, analyzing different nanofluid compositions, and investigating varied boundary conditions and geometries to advance understanding in this field. This study provides valuable insights into the complex interplay among vibration, fluid dynamics, and heat transfer in nanofluid flows. Its findings have practical implications for optimizing thermal management systems in diverse engineering applications.
Wavelet Based Random Noise Removal from Color Images Using Python Devanand Bhonsle, K K Saxena, Ruhi Uzma Sheikh, Anil Kumar Sahu, Pushpendra Singh, Tanu Rizvi 2024 4th International Conference on Advances in Electrical Computing Communication and Sustainable Technologies Icaect 2024, 2024
Silver nanoparticle-enhanced plasmonic front-end for wideband scalp electrometry A Athawale, A Bandyopadhyay, P Singh Journal of Applied Physics 139 (15) , 2026 2026
MHz Triplet of Triplet Sinusoidal Signal as Marker of Consciousness Not Triplet GCS Coma, LC Don't Show Proceedings of Trends in Electronics and Health Informatics: TEHI 2024, 441 , 2026 2026
Room-temperature soliton–polariton condensation in a hierarchical helical-nanowire fractal gel P Singh, P Sahoo, A Bandyopadhyay Nanotechnology 37 (8), 085002 , 2026 2026 Citations: 2
Meninges act as a gate for EEG & DDG: only MHz frequencies can reflect from 14 layers, defining consciousness – a clinical study AB Pushpendra Singh, Sarika Katiyar, Saifullah Tipu, Shanthi Banishetty ... J. Multisc. Neurosci. 4 (1), 64-84 , 2025 2025 Citations: 3
Rectangular Nature of Megahertz Bursts Naturally Eliminates Operation Theater’s Sinusoidal Noises Affecting Anesthetized Subjects: A Clinical Study S Banishetty, S Katiyar, S Tipu, P Singh, T Dutta, R Ranjan, S Hameroff, ... International Conference on Trends in Electronics and Health Informatics … , 2024 2024
Simulating Photonic Interference Using Quantum Walk C Roy, P Singh, CS Yadav, L Behera, A Bandyopadhyay International Conference on Trends in Computational and Cognitive … , 2024 2024
High-Level Clocks Network Simulation for Input Challenges in Quantum Computing P Singh, C Roy, CS Yadav, L Behera, A Bandyopadhyay International Conference on Trends in Computational and Cognitive … , 2024 2024
Optimizing Yagi Antenna Arrays for a Single-Channel Input in Optical Vortex Quantum Computing P Singh, CS Yadav, L Behera, A Bandyopadhyay International Conference on Trends in Computational and Cognitive … , 2024 2024
Revisiting Self-Operating Mathematical Universe (SOMU) as a Theory for Artificial General Intelligence, AGI and G+ Consciousness S Pramanik, J Sarkar, P Singh, K Ray, A Bandyopadhyay Brain-like Super Intelligence from Bio-electromagnetism, 209-349 , 2024 2024 Citations: 2
Dodecanogram (DDG): advancing EEG technology with a high-frequency brain activity measurement device TDAB P. Singh, J. S. Manna, P. Dey, S. Sarkar, A. Pattanayaka, S. Nag, S ... Journal of Multiscale Neuroscience 3 (1), 13-26 , 2023 2023 Citations: 10
A general-purpose organic gel computer that learns by itself P Sahoo, P Singh, K Saxena, S Ghosh, RP Singh, R Benosman, JP Hill, ... Neuromorphic Computing and Engineering 3 (4), 044007 , 2023 2023 Citations: 7
An optical quantum computer that uses both quantum logic gate and quantum annealing P Singh, P Sahoo, CS Yadav, L Behera, A Bandyopadhyay International Conference on Trends in Computational and Cognitive … , 2023 2023 Citations: 2
Inventing the Potential of a High-Frequency EEG, Namely Dodecanogram (DDG): Human Subjects’ Study P Singh, J Sarkar, P Dey, S Sarkar, A Pattanaya, S Nag, S Pramanik, ... International Conference on Trends in Computational and Cognitive … , 2023 2023 Citations: 6
An Effective Way to Build a Single Photon Source: Double Ratchet Motors Use in Photon Antibunching P Singh, J HILL, T NAKAYAMA, A BANDYOPADHYAY MANA International Symposium 2023 , 2023 2023
1D to 20D tensors like dodecanions and icosanions to model human cognition as morphogenesis in the density of primes S Pramanik, P Singh, P Sahoo, K Ray, A Bandyopadhyay Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Trends in … , 2023 2023 Citations: 4
Self-survival of quantum vibrations of a tubulin protein and microtubule: quantum conductance and quantum capacitance K Saxena, P Singh, S Sahu, S Ghosh, P Sahoo, SD Krishnananda, ... Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Trends in … , 2023 2023 Citations: 9
A third angular momentum of photons P Sahoo, P Singh, J Manna, RP Singh, JP Hill, T Nakayama, S Ghosh, ... Symmetry 15 (1), 158 , 2023 2023 Citations: 8
The century-old picture of a nerve spike is wrong: filaments fire, before membrane S Ghosh, P Singh, J Manna, K Saxena, P Sahoo, SD Krishnanda, K Ray, ... Communicative & Integrative Biology 15 (1), 115-120 , 2022 2022 Citations: 18
A Multiband Tree-shaped Microstrip Antenna for Wireless Communication P Singh, K Ray, BH Ahmad, P Yupapin, A Bandyopadhyay Journal of Telecommunication, Electronic and Computer Engineering (JTEC) 14 … , 2022 2022 Citations: 1
Amyloid-β Can Form Fractal Antenna-Like Networks Responsive to Electromagnetic Beating and Wireless Signaling K Saxena, P Singh, P Dey, MA Wälti, P Sahoo, S Ghosh, SD Krishnanda, ... International Conference on Trends in Electronics and Health Informatics … , 2022 2022 Citations: 1
MOST CITED SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
Fractal, scale free electromagnetic resonance of a single brain extracted microtubule nanowire, a single tubulin protein and a single neuron K Saxena, P Singh, P Sahoo, S Sahu, S Ghosh, K Ray, D Fujita, ... Fractal and Fractional 4 (2), 11 , 2020 2020 Citations: 84
Cytoskeletal Filaments Deep Inside a Neuron Are Not Silent: They Regulate the Precise Timing of Nerve Spikes Using a Pair of Vortices AB Pushpendra Singh, Pathik Sahoo, Komal Saxena, Jhimli Sarkar Manna, Kanad ... Symmetry 13 (5) , 2021 2021 Citations: 55
A Self-Operating Time Crystal Model of the Human Brain: Can We Replace Entire Brain Hardware with a 3D Fractal Architecture of Clocks Alone? DFAB Pushpendra Singh, Komal Saxena, Anup Singhania, Pathik Sahoo, Subrata ... Information 11 (5), 238 , 2020 2020 Citations: 55
Electrophysiology using coaxial atom probe array: live imaging reveals hidden circuits of a hippocampal neural network P Singh, K Saxena, P Sahoo, S Ghosh, A Bandyopadhyay Journal of Neurophysiology 125 (6), 2107-2116 , 2021 2021 Citations: 46
A brain-like computer made of time crystal: could a metric of prime alone replace a user and alleviate programming forever? S Reddy, D Sonker, P Singh, K Saxena, S Singh, R Chhajed, S Tiwari, ... Soft Computing Applications, 1-43 , 2018 2018 Citations: 41
Quaternion, Octonion to Dodecanion Manifold: Stereographic Projections from Infinity Lead to a Self-operating Mathematical Universe AB Pushpendra Singh, Pathik Sahoo, Komal Saxena, Subrata Ghosh, Satyajit ... International Conference on Trends in Computational and Cognitive Engineering , 2020 2020 Citations: 37
Complete dielectric resonator model of human brain from MRI data: a journey from connectome neural branching to single protein P Singh, K Ray, D Fujita, A Bandyopadhyay Engineering Vibration, Communication and Information Processing: ICoEVCI … , 2018 2018 Citations: 29
DNA as an electromagnetic fractal cavity resonator: its universal sensing and fractal antenna behavior P Singh, R Doti, JE Lugo, J Faubert, S Rawat, S Ghosh, K Ray, ... Soft Computing: Theories and Applications: Proceedings of SoCTA 2016, Volume … , 2017 2017 Citations: 29
A space-time-topology-prime, stTS metric for a self-operating mathematical universe uses Dodecanion geometric algebra of 2-20 D complex vectors P Singh, P Sahoo, K Saxena, S Ghosh, S Sahu, K Ray, D Fujita, ... Proceedings of International Conference on Data Science and Applications … , 2020 2020 Citations: 25
Fractal and periodical biological antennas: hidden topologies in DNA, wasps and retina in the eye P Singh, M Ocampo, JE Lugo, R Doti, J Faubert, S Rawat, S Ghosh, K Ray, ... Soft computing applications, 113-130 , 2018 2018 Citations: 25
Analysis of sun flower shaped monopole antenna P Singh, K Ray, S Rawat Wireless Personal Communications 104 (3), 881-894 , 2019 2019 Citations: 24
The century-old picture of a nerve spike is wrong: filaments fire, before membrane S Ghosh, P Singh, J Manna, K Saxena, P Sahoo, SD Krishnanda, K Ray, ... Communicative & Integrative Biology 15 (1), 115-120 , 2022 2022 Citations: 18
Compact design of rectangular patch antenna with symmetrical U slots on partial ground for UWB applications S Toshniwal, S Sharma, S Rawat, P Singh, K Ray Innovations in Bio-Inspired Computing and Applications: Proceedings of the … , 2015 2015 Citations: 18
Design of nature inspired broadband microstrip patch antenna for satellite communication P Singh, K Ray, S Rawat Advances in Nature and Biologically Inspired Computing: Proceedings of the … , 2015 2015 Citations: 18
Polyatomic time crystals of the brain neuron extracted microtubule are projected like a hologram meters away K Saxena, P Singh, J Sarkar, P Sahoo, S Ghosh, SD Krishnananda, ... Journal of Applied Physics 132 (19) , 2022 2022 Citations: 17
All basics that are wrong with the current concept of time crystal: learning from the polyatomic time crystals of protein, microtubule, and neuron K Saxena, P Singh, P Sahoo, S Ghosh, D Krishnanda, K Ray, D Fujita, ... Proceedings of Trends in Electronics and Health Informatics: TEHI 2021, 243-254 , 2022 2022 Citations: 17
Filaments and four ordered structures inside a neuron fire a thousand times faster than the membrane: theory and experiment P Singh, P Sahoo, S Ghosh, K Saxena, JS Manna, K Ray, ... Journal of Integrative Neuroscience 20 (4), 777-790 , 2021 2021 Citations: 17
Circular and elliptical shaped fractal patch antennas for multiple applications A Garhwal, MR Ahmad, BH Ahmad, S Rawat, P Singh, K Ray, ... International Journal of Engineering and advanced Technology (IJEAT) 8 (5 … , 2019 2019 Citations: 14
Biological antenna to the humanoid bot: electromagnetic resonances in biomaterials P Singh, K Ray, A Bandyopadhyay Springer Singapore , 2022 2022 Citations: 12
Designing of UWB monopole antenna with triple band notch characteristics at WiMAX/C-band/WLAN SK Vijay, MR Ahmad, BH Ahmad, S Rawat, P Singh, K Ray, ... Proceedings of International Conference on Data Science and Applications … , 2020 2020 Citations: 12