Fuel Specifications of Aqueous Ethanol-Butanol-Gasoline in Stable Emulsio Hanny F. Sangian, Letia R. Benaino, Gerald H. Tamuntuan, Guntur Pasau, Messiah C. Sangian, Henry F. Aritonang, Silvya Yusnica Agnesty, Tun Sriana, Ripal A. Setiawan, Nina M. Kusumaningrum, Arief Widjaja, Bayu Achil Sadjab, Tri Oldy Rotinsulu Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society, 2026 This study investigates the fuel properties of ethanol-butanol-gasoline emulsions prepared with varying ethanol concentrations (80, 90, and 96%) to develop stable and efficient alternative fuels. Key parameters evaluated include the research octane number (RON), Reid vapor pressure (RVP), fuel density, specific gravity (SG), distillation characteristics, and copper strip corrosion resistance, with an emphasis on stability and performance at temperatures between 15 and 30 °C. The results indicate that these fuel blends exhibit high octane ratings, with RON values ranging from 91.8 to 94.1, demonstrating strong anti-knock characteristics suitable for high-performance engines. The RVP increases from 41 to 50 kPa as ethanol content rises, supporting stability under diverse environmental conditions. Fuel density decreases from 0.798 to 0.759 g cm-3, while SG ranges from 0.770 to 0.715, reflecting the influence of ethanol content on fuel mass and volume. Copper strip corrosion tests conducted in accordance with American Society for Testing and Materials, ASTM D130 standards confirmed that all blends are non-corrosive, achieving a “Class 1” corrosion rating and ensuring compatibility with engines containing copper or other metallic components. Distillation tests revealed initial boiling points (IBP) between 41 and 45 °C and final boiling points (FBP) from 122 to 177 °C. Overall, these findings suggest that ethanol-butanol-gasoline emulsions offer notable benefits for enhancing engine performance, reducing emissions, and improving fuel stability.
Enhanced solar desalination performance via integrated interfacial heating and PV-assisted water circulation in a modified single-slope solar still Dolfie P. Pandara, Ardiansyah Ardiansyah, Guntur Pasau, Verna A. Suoth, Gerald H. Tamuntuan, Marco A. Laoh, Rafly A. Abudu, Hanny F. Sangian, Dahlang Tahir Results in Engineering, 2025 • Single Slope Solar Still (SSSS) is a simple, low-cost, and environmentally sustainable desalination solution. • Development SSSS with interface heating (SSSS-IH), integrated with photovoltaic panels to electrical energy for seawater heating. • For SSSS average daily water production of 3.26 L•m⁻² and energy efficiency of 13.69% • For SSSS-IH daily water productivity of 7.45 L•m⁻², with energy efficiency of 28.68%. Freshwater scarcity remains a critical global challenge, particularly in remote and coastal regions where access to clean water is limited and conventional desalination methods are energy-intensive and costly. Addressing this issue requires sustainable, decentralized, and cost-effective water-purification technologies. This study aims to enhance the performance of single-slope solar stills (SSSS), which often suffer from low productivity and thermal inefficiency, despite their design simplicity and affordability. To overcome these limitations, a modified SSSS that integrates interfacial heating (IH) and photovoltaic (PV)-assisted seawater circulation was developed and evaluated. The system incorporates a floating absorber made of coconut-shell charcoal and a solar-powered water heater to improve the evaporation rates and energy conversion efficiency. The objective of this study is to systematically investigate the thermal behavior, freshwater yield, and energy efficiency of the integrated SSSS-IH system and compare it with that of the conventional configuration. Experimental results show that the integrated system achieved an average daily freshwater productivity of 7.45 L·m⁻² and energy efficiency of 28.68%, compared to 3.26 L·m⁻² and 13.69% for the unmodified system. Maximum productivity reached 9.31 L·m⁻²/day. Water quality analysis confirmed that the distilled water met clean water standards, reducing the salinity from 32,300 ppm to below 60 ppm. These findings highlight the effectiveness of the system in improving freshwater yield and energy efficiency and offer a practical solution for sustainable desalination in water-scarce regions.
Determination of the Compositions of Gasoline, Aqueous Ethanol, and Butanol, in Stable Emulsions at Low Temperatures Hanny Frans Sangian Egyptian Journal of Chemistry, 2025 This study aims to identify and examine the compositions of stable emulsions of gasoline (RON 90), aqueous ethanol, and butanol at low temperatures to improve fuel stability in cold environments. The blending process involved combining gasoline and ethanol in different ratios, followed by the gradual addition of butanol to stabilize the emulsion without using synthetic surfactants. Emulsion stability was evaluated by varying the temperature from 29.0°C to -17.0°C and observing phase separation. The analysis centered on the volumetric composition and stability of the emulsions over time and across different temperatures. The compositions were documented and the changes in stability were analyzed to understand the effects of temperature and component ratios. The results indicated that at lower temperatures, the volume percentages of gasoline and ethanol in the emulsion decreased, while the percentage of butanol increased. At -17.0°C, the emulsion composition was 33.68% gasoline, 18.13% aqueous ethanol, and 48.19% butanol, highlighting butanol's key role in maintaining stability at low temperatures. These findings suggest that stable emulsions of gasoline, ethanol, and butanol can be achieved at low temperatures, potentially enhancing the performance and reliability of biofuel blends in cold climates. This could contribute to the development of more efficient and environmentally friendly fuel options for automotive and other combustion engines.
Study of composition of the aqueous ethanol-kerosene in a single phase H. F. Sangian, N. Rawung, G. Pasau, Gerald Tamuntuan, S. H. Tongkukut, A. As’ari, M. D. Bobanto, D. P. Pandara, A. Tanauma, F. Ferdy, H. S. Kolibu, V. A. Suoth, F. S. Sagai, C. Wuwungan, H. I. R. Mosey, Messiah C. Sangian, R. Purwadi, Z. Zulnazri, A. Tuhuloula, R. Thahir, T. Sriana, Z. Furqon, S. Y. Agnesty, Tri Dianpalupidewi, Arif Nurrahman, Hans F. Wowor, Arief Widjaja Aip Conference Proceedings, 2023
Study of the compositions and fuel parameters of the emulsion fuels biodiesel-aqueous ethanol and biodiesel-aqueous ethanol-diesel Journal of Engineering Science and Technology, 2021
Iron sand–derived materials: A review on synthesis routes, magnetic properties, and multifunctional applications GH Tamuntuan, A Ardiansyah, AD Wuntu, G Pasau, D Darwis, D Pandara, ... Minerals Engineering 240, 110124 , 2026 2026
Fuel Specifications of Aqueous Ethanol-Butanol-Gasoline in Stable Emulsion HF Sangian, LR Benaino, GH Tamuntuan, G Pasau, MC Sangian, ... Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society 37, e-20260026 , 2026 2026
Advancing solar steam generation for seawater desalination: Global research trends, photothermal materials, structural innovations, and future directions DP Pandara, G Pasau, GH Tamuntuan, HF Sangian, MA Laoh, ... Desalination, 119496 , 2025 2025
Edukasi dan Pelatihan Mitigasi Bencana Geologis Bagi Jemaat GBIPetra Malalayang dalam Rangka Pengurangan Risiko Bencana G Pasau, PVY Yamlean, MD Bobanto, Ferdy The Studies of Social Science 7 (02), 167-176 , 2025 2025
Enhanced solar desalination performance via integrated interfacial heating and PV-assisted water circulation in a modified single-slope solar still DP Pandara, A Ardiansyah, G Pasau, VA Suoth, GH Tamuntuan, MA Laoh, ... Results in Engineering 27, 105700 , 2025 2025 Citations: 6
Pendampingan Pembuatan Briket Tongkol Jagung Sebagai Energi Alternatif untuk Petani di Desa Tetey HF Aritonang, AD Wuntu, G Pasau Kumawula: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat 8 (2), 634-640 , 2025 2025 Citations: 1
Determination of the Compositions of Gasoline, Aqueous Ethanol, and Butanol, in Stable Emulsions at Low Temperatures HF Sangian, LR Benaino, G Pasau, MC Sangian, HF Aritonang, ... Egyptian Journal of Chemistry 68 (7), 185-194 , 2025 2025 Citations: 1
Modified household pressure cookers as Hydrothermal Reactor for Production of Carbon Dots from Fish Scale Waste DP Pandara, S Tangdan, G Pasau, F Ferdy, MD Bobanto, GH Tamuntuan, ... INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS 15 (1), 73-83 , 2025 2025
STUDY OF THE COMPOSITION, FUEL PARAMETER, AND TRIANGULAR GRAPH OF A GASOLINE AND AQUEOUS ETHANOL FUEL BLEND IN A SINGLE PHASE HF Sangian, AR Ibrahim, HIR Mosey, JR Rombang, A Tanauma, G Pasau, ... DE CHIMIE Издательство: SC Biblioteca Chimiei SA ISSN: 0034-7752 АННОТАЦИЯ … , 2024 2024 Citations: 1
Profile of equilibrium compositions of the aqueous ethanol-gasoline (RONs 88), aqueous ethanol-gasoline (RONs 90), and aqueous ethanol-gasoline (RONs 92) in stable emulsion HF Sangian, G Pasau, GH Tamuntuan, SH Tongkukut, A As' ari, ... AIP Conference Proceedings 3132 (1), 030010 , 2024 2024 Citations: 1
Probabilistic seismic hazard analysis for East Likupang Special Economic Zones, North Sulawesi G Pasau, GH Tamuntuan, A Tanauma, SN Islam Jurnal Pendidikan Geografi: Kajian, Teori, dan Praktek dalam Bidang … , 2024 2024
Analysis of compositions and fuel specifications of the aqueous emulsion fuels of gasoline (RON 90)-ethanol-water in stable emulsions at low temperatures R Purwadi Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies , 2023 2023 Citations: 3
Analisis Resiko Gempa Bumi di Kota Amurang Menggunakan Fungsi Atenuasi Crouse Campbel dan Mc Guire F Korengkeng, G Pasau, DP Pandara Jurnal LPPM Bidang Sains dan Teknologi Vol 8 (2), 66-71 , 2023 2023 Citations: 1
IDENTIFYING OF THE COMPOSITIONS OF THE BLENDED FUELS OF THE BUTANOL, GASOLINE, AND WATER STABILIZED AT LOW TEMPERATURES. HF Sangian, D Lestari, G Pasau, GH Tamuntuan, A Widjaja, R Purwadi, ... Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 124 (6) , 2023 2023 Citations: 1
The specially explosive behavior of Soputan volcano inferred by characterization of volcanic ash materials from the 2016 and 2018 eruption DP Pandara, MD Bobanto, F Ferdy, G Pasau, G Tamuntuan AIP Publishing LLC 2694 (1), 020013 , 2023 2023
Study of composition of the aqueous ethanol-kerosene in a single phase HF Sangian, N Rawung, G Pasau, G Tamuntuan, SH Tongkukut, A As’ ari, ... AIP Publishing LLC 2694 (1), 070006 , 2023 2023
Design and implementation of the Soputan volcano early warning system based on SMS-gateway VA Suoth, HIR Mosey, DP Pandara, HS Kolibu, HF Sangian, G Pasau, ... AIP Publishing LLC 2694 (1), 030007 , 2023 2023 Citations: 1
Estimation of tsunami run-up triggered by the North Sulawesi subduction megathrust earthquake: A case study of Poigar and Tanamon beaches, South Minahasa G Pasau, A Tanauma, HJ Edy, G Tamuntuan, HF Sangian, DP Pandara, ... AIP Publishing LLC 2694 (1), 020014 , 2023 2023
Magnetic mineral concentration and microcrystalline characteristics of Fe-rich coastal sand from North Sulawesi G Tamuntuan, PA Angmalisang, A Tanauma, SH Tongkukut, HF Sangian, ... AIP Publishing LLC 2694 (1), 020016 , 2023 2023
The spatial variation of magnetic susceptibility on agricultural soil of volcanic origin in Rurukan, North Sulawesi G Tamuntuan, W Kumolontang, G Pasau, SH Tongkukut, D Fitriani, ... AIP Publishing LLC 2694 (1), 020017 , 2023 2023
MOST CITED SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
Pemodelan sumber gempa di Wilayah Sulawesi Utara sebagai upaya mitigasi bencana gempa bumi G Pasau, A Tanauma Jurnal Ilmiah Sains 11 (2), 202-209 , 2011 2011.0 Citations: 69
Study of SEM, XRD, TGA, and DSC of cassava bioplastics catalyzed by ethanol HF Sangian, E Maneking, SHJ Tongkukut, HIR Mosey, V Suoth, H Kolibu, ... IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1115 (1), 012052 , 2021 2021.0 Citations: 29
Analisis Hazard Gempa dan Isoseismal untuk Wilayah Jawa-Bali-NTB J Nugraha, G Pasau, B Sunardi, S Widiyantoro Jurnal Meteorologi dan Geofisika 15 (1) , 2014 2014.0 Citations: 19
Pengamatan seismisitas gempa bumi di wilayah pulau Sulawesi menggunakan perubahan nilai ab G Pasau, F Ferdy, GH Tamuntuan Jurnal Mipa Unsrat Online 6 (1), 31-35 , 2017 2017.0 Citations: 17
Analisis percepatan tanah maksimum dengan menggunakan rumusan esteva dan donovan (studi kasus pada semenanjung utara pulau sulawesi) CG Kapojos, G Tamuntuan, G Pasau Jurnal Ilmiah Sains 15 (2), 99-104 , 2015 2015.0 Citations: 17
Identifikasi Sesar di Wilayah Gorontalo dengan Analisis Mekanisme Bola Fokus N Nurfitriani, G Pasau, SS Raharjo Jurnal Mipa Unsrat Online 3 (1), 40-43 , 0 Citations: 16
Identifikasi Akuifer Air Tanah Menggunakan Metode Geolistrik Tahanan Jenis Konfigurasi Dipol-dipol di Masjid Kampus Universitas Sam Ratulangi OT Gijoha, A As’ari, G Pasau Jurnal MIPA Unsrat Online 6 (1), 17-20 , 2017 2017.0 Citations: 14
Analisis suseptibilitas dan histeresis magnetik pada endapan pasir besi di Sulawesi Utara G Tamuntuan, S Tongkukut, G Pasau Jurnal MIPA Unsrat 6 (2), 105-108 , 2017 2017.0 Citations: 13
Peningkatan Kapasitas Masyarakat Untuk Kesiap-siagaan dan Mitigasi Bencana Tsunami di Desa Borgo Kabupaten Minahasa G Tamuntuan, G Pasau, E Takumansang VIVABIO: Jurnal Pengabdian Multidisiplis 1 (3), 1-7 , 2019 2019.0 Citations: 11
Analisis tingkat seismisitas dan tingkat kerapuhan batuan di Maluku Utara VG Lumintang, G Pasau, SJ Tongkukut Jurnal Ilmiah Sains 15 (2), 94-98 , 2015 2015.0 Citations: 11
Analisis Resiko Gempa Bumi Wilayah Lengan Utara Sulawesi Menggunakan Data Hiposenter Resolusi Tinggi Sebagai Upaya Mitigasi Bencana G Pasau, A Tanauma Spektra: Jurnal Fisika dan Aplikasinya 16 (3), 6-10 , 2015 2015.0 Citations: 9
Simulasi Ketinggian dan Waktu Tiba Gelombang Tsunami di Tahuna Sebagai Upaya Mitigasi Bencana B Mambu, GH Tamuntuan, G Pasau J. MIPA 8 (1), 13 , 2019 2019.0 Citations: 8
Model Percepatan Tanah Maksimum Di Kota Manado Menggunakan Metode Donovan dan McGuire G Pasaua, MD Bobantoa, DP Pandaraa Jurnal MIPA Unsrat Online 7 (1), 52-55 , 2018 2018.0 Citations: 8
Analisis anisotropi suseptibilitas magnetik batuan beku lengan Utara Sulawesi M Rongkonusa, G Tamuntuan, G Pasau Jurnal MIPA Unsrat Online 6 (1), 8-12 , 2017 2017.0 Citations: 8
Simulasi Penjalaran Gelombang Tsunami di Sofifi–Tidore Kepulauan Maluku Utara sebagai Upaya Mitigasi Bencana MI Sumtaki, G Pasau, SHJ Tongkukut Jurnal MIPA Unsrat Online 6 (1), 83-87 , 2017 2017.0 Citations: 8
Penentuan Lokasi Pergerakan Magma Gunung Api Soputan Berdasarkan Studi Sebaran Hiposenter Gempa Vulkanik Periode Mei 2013–Mei 2014 S Dawid, F Ferdy, G Pasau Jurnal Ilmiah Sains 15 (2), 88-93 , 2015 2015.0 Citations: 8
Variasi zona lemah struktur internal gunung Lokon berdasarkan studi seismo-vulkanik S Anthe, G Pasau, A Tanauma Jurnal Ilmiah Sains Vol 15 (1) , 2015 2015.0 Citations: 8
Numerical modelling for tsunami wave propagation (case study: Manado bays) G Pasau, GH Tamuntuan, A Tanauma IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 567 (1), 012005 , 2019 2019.0 Citations: 7
Enhanced solar desalination performance via integrated interfacial heating and PV-assisted water circulation in a modified single-slope solar still DP Pandara, A Ardiansyah, G Pasau, VA Suoth, GH Tamuntuan, MA Laoh, ... Results in Engineering 27, 105700 , 2025 2025.0 Citations: 6
Tensile capacity of steel plate connections with different bolt distribution due to tensile load AM Sayed, WL Ang, A Jedi, N Lohgheswary, R Lubis Journal of Engineering Science and Technology 16 (2), 888-902 , 2021 2021.0 Citations: 6