Mechanical Engineering, Material, Renewable Energy
34
Scopus Publications
Scopus Publications
THE EFFECT OF ADDING QUICKLIME ON STABILIZATION OF EXPANSIVE SOILS Agus Tugas Sudjianto, Arnol Da Costa De Jesus Vili, Aji Suraji, Riman Riman, Sugeng Hadi Susilo Technology Audit and Production Reserves, 2025 The object of this research is Ampelgading clay (Malang, East Java), known for its high plasticity and low strength, which impact building stability. This study focuses on how varying proportions of quicklime affect soil properties. One of the main issues is clay instability, caused by volume changes due to water fluctuations, which poses a major challenge for infrastructure, particularly in high-rainfall and humid areas. In the study, expansive clay from Ampelgading with quicklime percentages of 0 %, 5 %, 10 %, 15 %, and 20 % was tested. Geotechnical and mechanical tests, including water content, specific gravity, Atterberg limits, compressive strength, and swelling, were conducted. The results show that adding quicklime significantly alters the physical and mechanical properties of the clay, reducing water content from 58.20 % to 35.64 % and specific gravity from 3.362 to 2.118. Volumetric weight initially increases at low quicklime levels but decreases at higher levels. Quicklime alters soil microstructure through a pozzolanic reaction with calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)₂) and silica/alumina, forming calcium hydrates that enhance cohesion and strength. However, excessive quicklime creates non-uniform aggregates, reducing density and stability. Optimal compressive strength occurs at 15 % quicklime, but at 20 %, stability decreases, plasticity reduces, and swelling accelerates. Furthermore, lower moisture content improves compaction and enhances soil stability. Compared to cement or fly ash, quicklime reacts faster, provides immediate stability, and minimizes long-term swelling and shrinkage. The pozzolanic reaction further strengthens the soil by forming stable calcium hydrate and calcium aluminate compounds.
STUDY OF STATOR SLOT CONFIGURATION AND COIL DIAMETER ON BLDC MOTOR EFFICIENCY AND STABILITY Sugeng Hadi Susilo, Eko Yudiyanto, Fatkhur Rohman, Wirawan Wirawan, Satworo Adiwidodo, Muhammad Arif Nur Huda, Dwi Pebrianti, Mohammad Fadhil Bin Abas Technology Audit and Production Reserves, 2025 The object of research is the axial flux BLDC (Brushless DC) motor, widely used in electric vehicles and industrial applications due to its compact design and high efficiency. One of the most problematic areas is optimizing the stator slot configuration and coil diameter to enhance efficiency and stability. Previous studies show that these parameters significantly affect magnetic field distribution, losses, and overall performance. However, a systematic investigation is still needed. Therefore, this study aims to identify optimal parameters to improve BLDC motor efficiency and stability. In the course of the study, an experimental setup with a BLDC motor, controller, power supply, and measurement tool were used. The motor was tested with different stator slots (12 and 24) and coil diameters (0.2 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.7 mm). Measurements included power, current, speed, and temperature. Data analysis assessed the impact on efficiency and stability, supported by numerical simulations for validation and optimization. Received results show that increasing stator slots from 12 to 24 improves magnetic field distribution and motor efficiency, with power output reaching 3060 W in the optimal configuration. This is due to the proposed stator slot variation, which reduces magnetic losses and enhances thermal efficiency. In particular, motors with 24 slots and a 0.5 mm coil diameter achieved the highest efficiency, while a 0.7 mm coil led to performance decline due to increased resistance. The findings highlight the need for an optimal balance between coil diameter and stator slot configuration for stable and efficient operation. This ensures the development of high-performance BLDC motors with improved efficiency and stability. Compared to similar configurations, it offers higher power output, lower magnetic losses, and better thermal regulation. These findings support the advancement of reliable, energy-efficient BLDC motors for electric vehicles and industry, with future research focusing on advanced materials and manufacturing techniques for further optimization.
IDENTIFYING THE ENERGY CONSUMPTION TO MATERIAL REMOVAL RATE IN ABRASIVE CUTTING PROCESS USING THE THIN GRINDING WHEEL Eko Yudiyanto, Satworo Adiwidodo, Sugeng Hadi Susilo, Bayu Pranoto Eastern European Journal of Enterprise Technologies, 2025 The object of this study is the abrasive cutting process using thin grinding wheels, which is applied for cutting materials with various mechanical properties. The problem to be solved is mapping the energy consumption characteristics in this process through the control of cutting parameters such as grinding wheel thickness and feed rate. An experiment was conducted using grinding wheels with 1.2, 1.6, 2.0, and 3.0 mm for cutting metals. Various feed rates were used to cut Al, ST37, and cast iron, which are ductile, ductile-hard, and brittle materials. The results of the experiment show an inverse exponential relationship between the feed rate and specific energy. The 1.2 mm grinding wheel consumes up to 10% less power than the 3.0 mm wheel at low feed rates. The mapping of these characteristics enables the selection of recommended parameters. Achieving stability during the cutting process of ductile materials, the utilization of a 1.6 mm grinding wheel operating at a feed rate of 0.166 mm/s. The rigidity of the wheel determines the stability of the rotation, which depends on the thickness of the grinding wheel. The thickness of the grinding wheel determines the material removal rate of the abrasive process. Ductile-hard materials, such as ST37, require more energy because the abrasive particles must be able to break down the properties of the material to erode its surface. Ductile materials tend to cause high friction and generate heat, melting the material. The space between the abrasive particles can be filled with liquid material, causing BUE to cover the cutting edge of the abrasive particles. The application of the outcome is aimed at the machining, as a scientific basis for energy control at the manufacturing process
IDENTIFYING THE INFLUENCE OF ADDING PLASTIC AND PAPER WASTE ON STABILIZATION OF SUBGRADE FOR TOLL ROADS Moch. Khamim, Raden Ajeng Mariyana, Roland Gasenda Suryaningrat, Mohamad Zenurianto, Sugeng Hadi Susilo Eastern European Journal of Enterprise Technologies, 2025 This paper discusses soil stability with high water content and low bearing capacity, which can damage the pavement and shorten the lifespan of the toll road. The problem is that high water content and low soil carrying capacity can trigger subgrade instability and decreased pavement performance. Experimental variations using plastic waste with a percentage of 7%, 10%, and 15%, paper waste with a percentage of 4%, 8%, and 10%into the original soil. The results showed that the addition of plastic and paper waste increases soil strength and CBR values significantly compared to conventional stabilizers. Plastic increases shear resistance and decreases development potential, while paper increases cohesion A combination of 10% plastic waste and 8% paper waste provides optimal results that meet the subgrade stabilization criteria, with a CBR value reaching 10.5% on the 11th day. Excessive use of these materials decreases soil density and CBR. This result is caused by a complementary mechanism, where plastic acts as a binder that reduces soil moisture content and plasticity, while paper fibers strengthen the soil matrix through increased cohesion. The synergy of two types of waste in the optimum proportion produces reliable, sustainable, and more economical stabilization performance than traditional alternatives such as cement or lime. Use is suitable for regions with unstable subgrade and high water content, with prerequisites for the availability of waste material, controlling proportions (± 10% plastic, ± 8% paper), homogeneous mixing, and compaction according to technical specifications. This approach offers practical, cost-effective and environmentally friendly solutions to improve road infrastructure.
Performance analysis of solar electric scooters with different charger controllers Asrori Asrori, Sugeng Hadi Susilo, Satworo Adiwidodo, Elka Faizal, Mira Esculenta Martawati, Moh. Hartono International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences, 2024 This study investigates the impact of solar charge controller (SCC) type on battery charging in solar-powered electric scooters (e-scooters). The research compared maximum power point tracking (MPPT) and pulse width modulation (PWM) controllers by monitoring average output power, current, and voltage every 10 minutes. Results showed that under stationary conditions, MPPT controllers delivered higher efficiency, generating 5.87 W of power compared to PWM's 5.05 W. This advantage persisted even during scooter operation, with MPPT controllers producing 4.91 W versus PWM's 4.31 W. Overall, the findings demonstrate that MPPT SCCs offer a more efficient solution for charging e-scooter batteries.
Vinyl-ester-based polymer concrete incorporating high volume fly ash under tensile, compressive, and flexural loads Taufiq Rochman, Sumardi, Sugeng Hadi Susilo, Handra Adhi Wardhana Journal of King Saud University Engineering Sciences, 2024 The utilization of innovative, lightweight, durable, and ecologically friendly polymer concrete is becoming more popular. Therefore, this research was conducted to investigate the mechanical performance of polymer concrete produced using Vinyl Ester (VE) resin and high-volume Fly Ash (FA) filler with a focus on compressive, tensile, and flexural strength of strong and weak axes using a three-point flexural test. It is important to note that the resin varied from 20 to 90%, FA from 10 to 20%, Mepoxe (MK) catalyst was 4.5%, and Cobalt (Co) was 1% of resin volume. Moreover, cube specimens were used to determine compressive strength and specific gravity at 3 days, cylindrical specimens were also used to determine compressive strength at the age of 1 and 2 days, and dog-bone-shaped specimens were used for tensile strength. This research also applied a three-point flexural test to both the strong and weak axes of the specimens. The result showed that the specimen with 30% VE and 70% FA (RUN-3) had the most effective compressive strength, specific gravity, price, and casting simplicity or workability as by the 66,2 MPa recorded for compressive strength and 1.88 gr/cm3 for specific gravity with two stages of elastic and plastic failures. The RUN-3 mixture was also used to produce cylindrical specimens and tensile strength was found to be 11.55 MPa while flexural strength in the transverse and lateral axis was 53.74 MPa, and 57.69 MPa respectively.
INVESTIGATION OF ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY AND ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE ABSORPTION CAPABILITIES OF WATER HYACINTH BIOCARBON IMPREGNATED WITH Cu ATOM Sugeng Hadi Susilo, Azam Muzakhim Imanudin, Taufiq Rochman, Supriatna Adhisuwignjo Eureka Physics and Engineering, 2024 This paper discusses the impregnation of Cu atoms at carbonization temperature of water hyacinth bio carbon composite. This composite is used as an absorber of electromagnetic waves. Because the inference of electromagnetic waves can cause damage to other electronic equipment. In addition, electromagnetic wave radiation can cause various human health problems. The purpose of the research is to obtain a material that is able to absorb electromagnetic waves and increase electrical conductivity, impregnation of Cu atoms at carbonization temperature of water hyacinth bio carbon composite. The composite material uses a composition ratio of water hyacinth powder and phenol-formaldehyde of 30:70. The carburization temperatures used were 600 °C, 800 °C, and 1000 °C with a heat increase rate of 7 °C/minute. This study used Scanning Electron Micrograph (SEM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), LCR Meter, and vector network analyzer. The results show that the impregnation of Cu atoms at carbonization temperature can increase the area of the nanostructure, thereby increasing the formation of micropores in the composite. The higher the carbonization temperature, the percentage of Cu and carbon compounds can increase, while the percentage of crystal structure decreases. Impregnation of Cu atoms further strengthens the composite's absorption of electromagnetic wave radiation. Impregnation of Cu atoms in water hyacinth bio carbon composites at carbonization temperature can increase the electrical conductivity of the composite. The results of this research have potential applications in the electronics industry, batteries, and electrical devices, and can be used to protect devices from electromagnetic interference, especially in telecommunications and the medical field
POWER AND EMISSION ESTIMATION OF PLASTIC WASTE PYROLYSIS-DERIVED FUEL BLENDS IN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Sugeng Hadi Susilo, Imam Mashudi, Santoso Santoso, Agus Hardjito, Dwi Pebrianti Eastern European Journal of Enterprise Technologies, 2024 Energy, especially from fossil fuels, is essential for everyday life, while plastic waste is an increasing environmental threat. Plastic waste disposal methods such as landfilling and burning cause pollution. Therefore, a process is needed that converts plastic waste into fuel. The object of the study is the engine performance. The problem to be solved is the relationship between the use of a mixture of fossil fuels and pyrolysis fuel on the performance of internal combustion engines. This research uses a systematic data collection process to obtain accurate and reliable results. The necessary equipment, including a dynamometer and gas analyzer, was prepared, and the engine was warmed up to a stable operating temperature of 80 °C. The motorbike is then positioned on the dynamometer with the rear tires aligned and the front tires secured to prevent movement. Data collection was carried out at engine speeds of 2000, 3000, 4000, 5000, and 6000 rpm, using three fuel mixtures: 10 % plastic pyrolysis fuel with 90 % RON 90, 20 % plastic pyrolysis fuel with 80 % 90 RON, and 30 % plastic pyrolysis fuel with 70 % RON 90. Each test was repeated three times, with the output power measured using a dynamometer and exhaust emissions (CO and HC levels) recorded using a gas analyzer. The test results show that the optimal fuel mixture to produce maximum engine power is a PE-RON 90 mixture with a ratio of 20:80, providing the best performance at medium to high engine speeds (3000–6000 rpm) with low CO emissions. The highest power output (1.05) occurs at 4000 rpm, while the PE-RON 90 30:70 alloy produces the best power performance at 6000 rpm (0.78 % CO). Additionally, the pyrolysis fuel blend significantly reduces CO and HC emissions, with the PE-RON 90 30:70 blend showing the lowest CO (0.78 % at 6000 rpm) and consistently reducing HC emissions across the rpm range
