Hydraulics and Hydroinformatics National Research University "Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Mechanization Engineers" Tashkent 100000, Uzbekistan
Assessment of the trophic level and self-cleaning ability of water polluted by nutrients in the Zarafshan River, Uzbekistan Shobegim Shoergashova, Erkin Karimov, Luqmon Samiev, Bakhtiyor Karimov Environmental Research and Technology, 2026 The aim of this study was to assess the water quality of the Zarafshan River through a comprehensive evaluation of its trophic state, nutrient loads, self-cleaning ability, and the toxicity of nitrogen compounds for hydrobionts. This is the first study of its kind conducted on the Zarafshan River. The trophic state was determined by nutrient content, the self-cleaning ability was assessed using the nitrification index method, and the toxicity of nitrogen compounds was evaluated using the aggregation index. Eutrophication was observed at all studied river Gauging Stations (GS), primarily caused by high nitrate nitrogen concentrations. The self-cleaning ability of the water was classified as “high” in the lower reaches of the river and “medium” along its length. Major pollution sources were identified as agricultural influence from Siab collector (GS-3) and industrial wastewater from Navoiazot chemical factory (GS-8). It is recommended to intensify the monitoring of total phosphorus at GS-3 and mineral nitrogen at GS-8, alongside implementing measures to prevent anthropogenic pollution to mitigate nutrient contamination in the Zarafshan River.
Trends in Sediment Modeling Research and Their Ecological Implications for Ecosystem Sustainability: Web of Science Bibliometric Analysis (2006–2025) Arifjanov Aybek Muhamedjanovich, Samiev Luqmon Naimovich, Allayorova Latofat Normengli qizi, Ochilov Hasan, Xodjayeva Sevara Research in Ecology, 2026 Sediment transport and deposition in rivers, lakes, and reservoirs are influenced by both natural processes and human activities. Excessive sediment accumulation in clarifiers reduces efficiency, increases turbidity, and deteriorates water quality. Despite growing research, there is limited bibliometric evidence on global trends and methodological approaches in clarifier modeling. This study addresses this gap by conducting a bibliometric analysis of sediment transport and turbidity management research from 2006 to 2025. Data were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection using the keywords “Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)” and “sedimentation tank.” A total of 110 publications were systematically reviewed to identify thematic patterns, leading authors and institutions, and influential journals. The results show that China and India are the most active contributors, with the National Institute of Technology (India) ranking as the top institution (7 publications). Approximately 90% of studies employed CFD or related mathematical and hydrodynamic models to investigate sediment behavior and flow dynamics. Water Research emerged as the most influential journal in this domain.This review demonstrates that clarifier research remains technically oriented, dominated by engineering and hydrodynamic modeling, while ecological perspectives are gradually emerging. The findings provide a clearer understanding of global research directions and highlight the need for cross-disciplinary collaboration to strengthen ecological applications of sediment modeling.
Analysis and Design of the Trajectory of Water Droplets from Sprinklers Using Optical Observation and Mathematical Modelling Aybek Arifjanov, Lukmon Samiev, Khumora Jalilova, Sirojiddin Jalilov, Umida Vokhidova, Elza Tursunova Journal of Sustainable Development of Energy Water and Environment Systems, 2026 In this study, the trajectory of water droplets in a sprinkler irrigation system was studied using the optical tracking method. The analysis was carried out on the basis of 1920×1080 pixel, 60 frame/s video recordings taken in real field conditions. Image segmentation and trajectory detection algorithms were developed on the OpenCV and Python platforms to determine the trajectory of water droplets. The main focus of the study was to determine the dynamics of the movement of water droplets with a diameter of 0.002 meters after exiting a sprinkler head rotating at an angle of 360°. The following parameters were taken into account in the mathematical modeling process: exit velocity - 11 m/s, exit angle - 30°. Based on these data, the trajectory of the droplet was calculated using the equations of ballistic motion and air resistance (drag). The Random Forest model was used to assess the influence of factors. The results showed that the factors that have the greatest impact on the water spray trajectory are wind (31.2%) and terrain slope (25.6%). This means that small changes in wind speed and slope significantly reduce the water spray radius and cause uneven water distribution. The Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) model was used to spatially analyze and classify areas, achieving 93% accuracy in flat terrain and 74–79% accuracy in windy and uneven areas. This result indicates that the modeled system works with high reliability even in real field conditions. At the end of the study, the sprinkler exit angle and installation spacing were optimized, and the drift zones of water due to wind were reduced from 21.8% to 7.1%. This change has increased the stability of water distribution and allowed for a significant reduction in water consumption in crop production.
Regional adaptability and integrated evaluation of saline-alkali soil remediation technologies: a comprehensive review Yuanhang Guo, Jianshu Dong, Jingrun Wang, Qiang Meng, Jiajia Ma, Samiev Luqmon, Ping Gong, E Reaihan, Hongguang Liu Ecological Indicators, 2025 Global soil salinization is intensifying and posing serious threats to food security, ecological stability, and sustainable land use. Bibliometric analyses indicate that most existing studies have focused on plant responses to salt stress, salinity tolerance mechanisms, and soil remediation technologies targeting physicochemical properties. However, recent reviews remain limited to isolated technical analyses or parallel comparisons, with insufficient attention to the compatibility of remediation technologies under complex interactions involving climatic conditions, geographical features, and resource endowments. This study systematically evaluated the regional adaptability of saline-alkali soil remediation technologies across three representative zones: inland arid regions, the Hetao irrigation area, and coastal humid regions. The evaluation was based on fundamental reclamation mechanisms and regional pedoclimatic characteristics. A comprehensive assessment incorporating SWOT analysis, modified Delphi method, life cycle assessment, and techno-economic analysis was employed to evaluate the integrated performance of various remediation approaches. The results revealed distinct optimal strategies. Specifically, water-saving and salt-inhibition technologies proved most effective in inland arid regions, integrated engineering and bio-stimulation approaches were optimal in the Hetao irrigation district, and organic amendments combined with ecological remediation performed best in coastal humid zones. These findings provide a theoretical foundation for precision soil management and support the sustainable utilization of reserve cultivated land resources.
SELECTING AN EFFECTIVE SPRINKLER IRRIGATION SYSTEM SPACING: BASED ON ISODENSITY CONTOUR MAPPING-VORONOI-LIKE CONNECTION-HOTSPOT CLUSTERING MODELS Arifjanov Aybek, Samiev Luqmon, Abduraimova Dilbar, Jalilova Khumora Water Conservation and Management, 2025 The main objective of this study is to determine the optimal spacing of sprinkler irrigation systems in arid and water-scarce regions of Uzbekistan. The study used a combination of isodensity contour mapping, Voronoi-like connection, and hotspot overlap analysis methods. Sprinklers with 8 m, 10 m, and 12 m spacing were modeled in zigzag and linear patterns. The results showed that the 10-meter zigzag pattern was the most effective model, ensuring consistent water distribution. The model developed at the end of the study can serve to increase irrigation efficiency and ensure rational use of water resources.
DIGITAL TWIN AND IOT-BASED HYDRUS MODELING APPROACH FOR ADAPTIVE MANAGEMENT OF DRIP IRRIGATION SYSTEMS Arifjanov Aybek, Samiev Luqmon, Jalilov Sirojiddin, Khushnudbek Shamsiddinov Water Conservation and Management, 2025 In regions of Uzbekistan where water resources for irrigation are limited, drip irrigation optimization is of great importance. This study evaluated the effectiveness of the AdaptiveDrip-Uz system. This system includes HYDRUS 2D/3D modeling, artificial intelligence (AI) module, real-time IoT sensors, and GIS-based monitoring components. The model, built on 30 days of field data, automatically controls the irrigation regime based on humidity, temperature, evapotranspiration, and salinity. Of the various AI models, ANN (Artificial Neural Networks) showed the highest accuracy (R2 = 0.951), resulting in a 27% reduction in water consumption and a 24% increase in yield. Moisture and salinity contours, sensor analysis, and a 3D visual interface created through HYDRUS confirmed the high efficiency and flexibility of the system. A SWOT analysis of the system was also conducted, identifying its strengths and weaknesses, and evaluating it as a practical and sustainable innovative solution in the agroecosystems of Uzbekistan. The AdaptiveDrip-Uz model serves as a practical example of a real-time digital agriculture approach adapted to climate change.
STABLE GROUNDWATER TABLE AND RISING SALINITY IN ANGOR DISTRICT OF SURKHANDARYA REGION (UZBEKISTAN): SEASONAL ANALYSIS , Arifjanov Aybek, Samiyev Luqmon, Li Fadong, Gafurov Zafar, Eshboyev Navruz, Abduraimova Dilbar, Xiaohui Pan, Xumora Jalilova, Akramov Jamoliddin, , , , , , , , , and Water Conservation and Management, 2025 Seasonal changes in groundwater levels and salinity were investigated in the irrigated lands of Angor district, Uzbekistan from 2018 to 2023. Using field data from 129 wells and GIS-based interpolation, the study found a generally stable water table (mean depths of 2.28 m in April, 2.29 m in July, 2.23 m in October), but a significant increase in groundwater mineralization from 1.65 g/L in April to 2.04 g/L in October. This rise in salinity after the growing season indicates growing soil salinization risk. Spatial analysis revealed higher salinity near desert margins and in areas of intensive irrigation, highlighting key drivers of degradation. The results suggest current irrigation practices in Angor are unsustainable. To ensure long-term agricultural viability, improved land and water management strategies are urgently needed.
Method designing of open drainages A Fatxulloyev, D Abduraimova, M Otakhonov, D Atakulov, L Samiev Iop Conference Series Materials Science and Engineering, 2020
Distribution of river sediment in channels Aybek Arifjanov, Luqmon Samiev, Tursunoy Apakhodjaeva, Shamshodbek Akmalov Iop Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science, 2019