Dr. Shahnawaz Anwer

Scopus Publications

Mobilization with movement enhances early rehabilitation outcomes in knee osteoarthritis: a six-week randomized controlled trial
Shahnaz Hasan, Amir Iqbal, Abeer Ramadan Ibrahim, Reham H. Diab, Zaheen A. Iqbal, Tabinda Hasan, Shahnawaz Anwer, Ahmad H. Alghadir
Chiropractic and Manual Therapies, 2026
Abstract Background Exercise is a first-line approach for knee osteoarthritis (KOA), yet pain during movement may limit adherence. Mulligan’s mobilization with movement (MWM) is proposed to facilitate pain-free exercise and hasten early clinical gains. Objective To determine whether adding MWM to isometric training (IT) improves pain, quadriceps strength, and disability over six weeks compared with IT alone. Methods Two-arm, double-masked RCT in adults with radiographic KOA (Kellgren–Lawrence grade 2–3). Participants were randomized to MWM + IT or IT-only (n = 25/group), 5 supervised sessions/week for 6 weeks. Outcomes: pain (VAS), quadriceps strength (strain-gauge dynamometry), disability (WOMAC) measured at baseline, weeks 1, 3, and 6. Primary analyses used linear mixed-effects models with fixed effects for Group, Time, and Group × Time and a random intercept for Subject; joint Wald tests evaluated factor significance. Results Significant Time effects indicated improvement across outcomes (VAS χ2(3) = 456.338, p < 0.0001; STN χ2(3) = 186.876, p < 0.0001; WOMAC χ2(3) = 1515.459, p < 0.0001). Group×Time interactions were significant for VAS (χ2(3) = 170.550, p < 0.0001), STN (χ2(3) = 204.327, p < 0.0001), and WOMAC (χ2(3) = 71.041, p < 0.0001), demonstrating faster and larger six-week gains with MWM + IT. The Group main effect was significant for VAS (χ2(1) = 42.599, p < 0.0001) and non-significant for STN (χ2(1) = 0.613, p = 0.4336) and WOMAC (χ2(1) = 0.019, p = 0.8901). Conclusion Adding MWM to IT accelerated and amplified six-week improvements in pain, strength, and function compared with IT alone. Early integration of MWM may enhance pain-free exercise and short-term rehabilitation outcomes in KOA. Larger multicentre trials with extended follow-up and economic evaluation are warranted. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05577403; prospectively registered on 12 /07/2021 (last updated on 14/09/2025).; available at https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05577403 .
Comparative efficacy of myofascial release versus stretching combined with high-powered pulsed therapeutic ultrasound in amateur overhead athletes with active trapezius trigger point pain: a randomized clinical trial
Nizamuddin Khan, Tushita Ghai, Richa Kashyap, Priyadarshani Bhat, Fuzail Ahmad, Amir Iqbal, Talal Alghadir, Faisal Alghadir, Shahnawaz Anwer, Ahmad H. Alghadir
BMC Sports Science Medicine and Rehabilitation, 2026
Active myofascial trigger points (MTrPs) in the upper trapezius are a leading source of neck pain and functional limitation in athletes. Although myofascial release (MFR) and stretching are frequently used, their comparative effectiveness when combined with high-power pulsed therapeutic ultrasound (HPPT-US) remains unclear. To compare the efficacy of MFR + HPPT-US versus stretching + HPPT-US on pain intensity, cervical range of motion (Cx-ROM), muscle length (ML), and neck disability in amateur overhead athletes with unilateral upper trapezius active MTrPs. Trial design: A two-arm parallel group, randomized clinical trial design. Thirty-two athletes meeting Travell and Simons’ criteria for active MTrPs were randomized to receive either MFR + HPPT-US (Group A) or stretching + HPPT-US (Group B), administered thrice weekly for two weeks. Primary outcome measure—Pain intensity and secondary outcomes—Cx-ROM, ML, and Neck Disability Index (NDI) were recorded using a visual analog scale (VAS), universal goniometer, Vernier caliper, and neck disability index (NDI) questionnaire, at baseline, week 1, week 2, and one-week follow-up. 26 out of 32 data of enrolled participants were analyzed using a two-way mixed repeated-measures ANOVA (Group × Time) with Bonferroni-adjusted post-hoc tests; statistical significance was set at p < 0.05, and effect sizes were reported as partial eta-squared (η²ₚ) for ANOVA and Cohen’s d for pairwise differences. Significant main effects of Group (η²ₚ = 0.07–0.26) and Time (η²ₚ = 0.83–0.92) were observed for all outcomes, with a significant Group × Time interaction for ML (η²ₚ = 0.34). Both interventions produced significant improvements across time points; however, Group A demonstrated greater gains following treatment. At follow-up, between-group differences favored Group A for VAS (MD = − 0.77; 95% CI − 1.31 to − 0.39; d = 1.12), Cx-ROM (MD = 2.69°; 95% CI 0.80 to 4.58; d = 1.07), ML (MD = 0.80 cm; 95% CI 0.27 to 1.33; d = 1.14), and NDI (MD = − 4.70; 95% CI − 8.04 to − 1.36; d = 1.09). Improvements were consistent across post-baseline assessments, although the magnitude of change varied by outcome. The combination of MFR and HPPT-US was more effective than stretching with HPPT-US in reducing pain, increasing ML and Cx-ROM, and improving functional outcomes in amateur overhead athletes with active upper trapezius MTrPs. This combined approach may offers superior clinical benefits for managing MTrP-related neck pain and promoting faster recovery in athletic rehabilitation settings. The study protocol was retrospectively registered to the “ClinicalTrials.gov” under an assigned Identifier: NCT07002593 on 25/05/2025 ( https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT07002593 ).
The Effectiveness of Patient Education and Self-management Program on Pain and Disability Among Adult Patients With Osteoarthritis: An Overview of Systematic Reviews
Ching Long Chan, Hau Yan Chan, Cheuk Him Curtis Yu, Yan Yu Chan, Yung Chuen Tsoi, Siu-Ngor Fu, Shahnawaz Anwer, Owis Eilayyan, Arnold Y. L. Wong, Nathan Hutting, Fadi M. Al Zoubi
Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy, 2026
OBJECTIVE: To estimate the effectiveness of patient education and self-management interventions for osteoarthritis (OA) in adults aged ≥18 years. DESIGN: Overview of intervention systematic reviews (SRs). LITERATURE SEARCH: Eight databases (MEDLINE [Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online], Cochrane Library, EMBASE [Excerpta Medica Database], Epistemonikos, Web of Science, Scopus, PEDro [Physiotherapy Evidence Database], and CINAHL [Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature]) were searched from inception to June 26, 2024. STUDY SELECTION CRITERIA: We included intervention SRs, with or without meta-analysis (MA), that evaluated patient education or self-management interventions for adults with OA, reporting pain or functional outcomes. DATA SYNTHESIS: Data were extracted using a standardized template. We extracted intervention effects on pain and function. Methodological quality was evaluated using the AMSTAR-2 (A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews) checklist. We assessed the overlap of studies included in the SRs using the corrected covered area (CCA) method. RESULTS: Nineteen SRs (12 with MA) encompassing 171 trials were included. Patient education interventions had modest effects on reducing short-term pain (standardized mean difference [SMD], −0.22 to −0.35). There were no sustained or consistent effects of patient education interventions on function. Self-management interventions yielded small and consistent effects on reducing pain (SMDs ranging approximately from −0.20 to −1.51) and improving function (SMDs up to 1.95), especially over the long term and when combined with patient education. Methodological quality was generally low; 1 SR was rated as high quality. There was a slight overlap among included trials (CCAs of 1.5% for patient education and 4.6% for self-management). CONCLUSION: Self-management interventions, particularly when integrated with patient education or other therapies, may offer more robust and lasting benefits for OA management than patient education alone. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2026;56(3):176-192. Epub 4 February 2026. doi:10.2519/jospt.2026.13407
Recent Advances in Neuromuscular Sciences in Sports
Sumbul Ansari, Firdaus Jawed, Rabia Aziz, Sohrab Ahmad Khan, Shahnawaz Anwer
Bioengineering and Iot Shaping the Future of Healthcare, 2026
Sport and exercise science have been significantly influenced by technical advancements as have other aspects of life. It is challenging to imagine modern sports and many branches of exercise without the use of technology. The convergence of bioengineering and the Internet of Things (IoT) is transforming sports science, ushering in a new era of data-driven performance optimization and injury prevention. The neuromuscular system plays a significant role in sports, and this chapter discusses current advancements in the field of neuromuscular sciences related to sports and exercise. These advances link to the physical components of the neuromuscular system such as force production, velocity, muscular activity, joint ranges, etc. Wearable technologies, such as smartwatches, GPS trackers, and muscle activity monitors, are now essential tools for monitoring athlete performance. These devices gather extensive data about physiological factors, movement patterns, and ambient circumstances, allowing for immediate feedback and decision-making based on data. Moreover, these devices are cloud-connected and can analyze and share data to foster collaboration among athletes, coaches, and scientists. The field of neuromuscular science has significantly benefitted from such advancements. Muscle activation patterns, joint kinematics as well as kinetics have been studied through electromyography (EMG), inertial measurement units (IMUs) plus other biomechanical sensors with great precision by researchers. This information can be used to develop effective training programs, improve movement efficiency, and minimize the risk of injuries. Additionally, the chapter explains how biofeedback systems coupled with virtual reality and augmented reality enhance sports performance. These technologies provide immersive training environments that give instantaneous feedback on movement patterns thus enhancing skill acquisition and motor learning.
Risk management in sustainable building projects: A systematic literature review and scientometric analysis
Fuwei Wang, Maxwell Fordjour Antwi-Afari, Shahnawaz Anwer, Waleed Umer, Imran Mehmood
Cleaner Production Letters, 2025
Given the extensive research on risk management in sustainable projects, there is a need to comprehensively synthesize the extant literature to enhance current research development and practical application. Therefore, the current study conducts a systematic literature review and scientometric analysis of risk management in sustainable building projects to identify mainstream research topics, research gaps, and future research directions. By following the PRISMA framework, 61 journal articles were finally retrieved from Scopus and Web of Science databases. In addition, scientometric analyses such as keywords and countries/regions co-occurrence analysis were conducted. The results identified four mainstream topics, including (1) risk management in green building, (2) supply chain risk management for sustainable projects, (3) application of building information modeling (BIM) in risk management of sustainable construction projects, and (4) risk assessment of sustainable construction projects. Moreover, this study developed a framework identifying four key research gaps and future research directions. Ultimately, the current study contributes to broadening the academic discourse on risk management in sustainable building projects as well as providing risk management strategies and policies towards a sustainable built environment. • A review of risk management in sustainable building projects was studied. • Networks of keywords and countries/regions co-occurrence analyses were visualized. • Four mainstream research topics were discussed. • Four key research gaps and future research directions were identified.
Global age-sex-specific all-cause mortality and life expectancy estimates for 204 countries and territories and 660 subnational locations, 1950–2023: a demographic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023
Austin E Schumacher, Peng Zheng, Ryan M Barber, Bhoomadevi A, Mohammad Amin Aalipour, Hasan Aalruz, Hazim S Ababneh, Ukachukwu O Abaraogu, Cristiana Abbafati, Nasir Abbas, Mitra Abbasifard, Faezeh Abbaspour, Abdallah H A Abd Al Magied, Samar Abd ElHafeez, Mohammed Altigani Abdalla, Emad M Abdallah, Nadin M I Abdel Razeq, Reda Abdel-Hameed, Wael M Abdel-Rahman, Sherief Abd-Elsalam, Omar Ahmed Abdelwahab, Parsa Abdi, Arash Abdollahi, Meriem Abdoun, Arman Abdous, Deldar Morad Abdulah, Rizwan Suliankatchi Abdulkader, Auwal Abdullahi, Abdullahi Salahudeen Abdulraheem, Habtamu Abebe Abebe Getahun, Parisa Abedi, Armita Abedi, Asrat Agalu Abejew, Roberto Ariel Abeldaño Zuñiga, Syed Hani Abidi, Alemwork Abie, Olumide Abiodun, Olugbenga Olusola Abiodun, Richard Gyan Aboagye, Shady Abohashem, Ulric Sena Abonie, Nagah M Abourashed, Mohamed Abouzid, Dmitry Abramov, Lucas Guimarães Abreu, Dariush Abtahi, Rana Kamal Abu Farha, Fuad Hamdi A Abuadas, Aminu Kende Abubakar, Bilyaminu Abubakar, Eman Abu-Gharbieh, Sawsan Abuhammad, Ahmad Y Abuhelwa, Hana J Abukhadijah, Salahdein Aburuz, Dina Abushanab, Ahmed Abu-Zaid, Anirudh Balakrishna Acharya, Meshack Achore, Juan Manuel Acuna, Tim Adair, Lisa C Adams, Oladimeji Muritala Adebayo, Tajudeen Adesanmi Adebisi, David Adedia, Kamoru Ademola Adedokun, Oluwatobi E Adegbile, Nurudeen A Adegoke, Olumide Thomas Adeleke, Miracle Ayomikun Adesina, Isaac Ayodeji Adesina, Olatunji O Adetokunboh, Temitayo Esther Adeyeoluwa, Mache Tsadik Adhana, Kishor Adhikari, Ripon Kumar Adhikary, Usha Adiga, Tanin Adl Parvar, Mohd Adnan, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah Adnani, Leticia Akua Adzigbli, David Adzrago, Giuseppina Affinito, Aanuoluwapo Adeyimika Afolabi, Rotimi Felix Afolabi, Saira Afzal, Gizachew Beykaso Agafari, Navidha Aggarwal, Mahdi Aghaalikhani, Sepehr Aghajanian, Seyed Mohammad Kazem Aghamir, Feleke Doyore Agide, Mary Dada Agoi, César Agostinis Sobrinho, Anurag Agrawal, Williams Agyemang-Duah, Bright Opoku Ahinkorah, Rabbiya Ahmad, Danish Ahmad, Faisal Ahmad, Aqeel Ahmad, Muayyad M Ahmad, Khurshid Ahmad, Tauseef Ahmad, Waqas Ahmad, Aram Mahmood Ahmed, Muktar Beshir Ahmed, Ayman Ahmed, Ali Ahmed, Anisuddin Ahmed, Mushood Ahmed, Naveed Ahmed, Oli Ahmed, Meqdad Saleh Ahmed, Akeem Olayiwola Ahmed, Mehrunnisha Sharif Ahmed, Syed Anees Ahmed, Gasha Salih Ahmed, Shabbir Ahmed, Haroon Ahmed, Luai A Ahmed, Gulzhanat Aimagambetova, Janardhana P Aithala, Marjan Ajami, Budi Aji, Hossein Akbarialiabad, Saeid Akbarifard, Oluwasefunmi Akeju, Roland Eghoghosoa Akhigbe, Muhammad Nadeem Akhtar, Karolina Akinosoglou, Yagiz Matthew Akiska, Mohammed Ahmed Akkaif, Wole Akosile, Hammad Akram, Ashley E Akrami, Hanadi Al Hamad, Syed Mahfuz Al Hasan, Mohammad Khaled Al Nawayseh, Omar Al Omari, Mohammad Al Qadire, Zain Al Ta'ani, Yazan Al Thaher, Omar Ali Mohammed Al Zaabi, Mohammad Ahmmad Mahmoud Al Zoubi, Mousa Ali Al-Abbadi, Tariq A Alalwan, Ziyad Al-Aly, Mohammad Khursheed Alam, Khurshid Alam, Mostafa Alam, Manjurul Alam, Rasmieh Mustafa Al-Amer, Abebaw Alamrew, Amani Alansari, Turki M Alanzi, Fahmi Y Al-Ashwal, Mohammed Albashtawy, Khalifah A Aldawsari, Mohammed S Aldossary, Robert W Aldridge, Shereen M Aleidi, Bezawit Abeje Alemayehu, Tekletsadik Tekleslassie Alemayehu, Fentahun Alemnew, Ayman Al-Eyadhy, Ali M Alfalki, Abdelazeem M Algammal, Fadwa Naji Alhalaiqa, Mohammed Khaled Al-Hanawi, Aminu Alhassan Alhassan Ibrahim, Ashraf Alhumaidi, Fahad A Alhumaydhi, Shahid Ali, Mohammed Usman Ali, Kamran Ali, Mohammad Daud Ali, Irfan Ali, Syed Shujait Ali, Waad Ali, Haroon Muhammad Ali, Amjad Ali, Rafat Ali, Maratab Ali, Syed Yusuf Ali, Sameer Afif Ali, Akram Al-Ibraheem, Gianfranco Alicandro, Montaha Al-Iede, Sheikh Mohammad Alif, Hamid Alinejad Rokny, Samah W Al-Jabi, Mohamad Aljofan, Moath Saleh Aljohani, Adel Al-Jumaily, Syed Mohamed Aljunid, Ahmad Alkhatib, Mustafa Alkhawam, Atefeh Allahbakhshian, Mohammed Z Allouh, Wesam Taher Almagharbeh, Wael Almahmeed, Md. Al-Mamun, Sabah Al-Marwani, Joseph Uy Almazan, Hesham M Al-Mekhlafi, Omar Almidani, Amr Almobayed, Khaldoon Aied Alnawafleh, Hasan Yaser Alniss, Margret Beaula Alocious Sukumar, Mohammad R Alosta, Saleh A Alqahtani, Jaber S Alqahtani, Mohammad R Alqudimat, Ahmad Rajeh Al-Qudimat, Ahmad Alrawashdeh, Rami H Al-Rifai, Intima Alrimawi, Sahel Majed Alrousan, Salman Khalifah Al-Sabah, Mohammed A Alsabri, Najim Z Alshahrani, Zaid Altaany, Awais Altaf, Alaa B Al-Tammemi, Jaffar A Al-Tawfiq, Malik A Althobiani, Khalid A Altirkawi, Javier Alvarez-Galvez, Nelson Alvis-Guzman, Mohammad Al-Wardat, Yaser Mohammed Al-Worafi, Hany Aly, Mohammad Sharif Ibrahim Alyahya, Karem H Alzoubi, Md. Akib Al-Zubayer, Uchenna Anderson Amaechi, Joy Amafah, Ekiyor Joseph Amafah, Masoud Aman Mohammadi, Faten Amer, Bardia Amidi, Tarek Tawfik Amin, Amr Amin, Alireza Amindarolzarbi, Saeed Amini, Ehsan Amini-Salehi, Nafiu Aminu, Majid Aminzare, Sohrab Amiri, Mohammad Hosein Amirzade-Iranaq, Joanne O Amlag, Dickson A Amugsi, Ganiyu Adeniyi Amusa, Filippos Anagnostakis, Roshan A Ananda, Nazanin Anaraki, Robert Ancuceanu, Deanna Anderlini, David B Anderson, Tudorel Andrei, Song Peng Ang, Nguyen Hoang Anh, Samuel Egyakwa Ankomah, Kabilan Annadurai, Amir Anoushiravani, Sumbul Ansari, Umair Ansari, Alireza Ansari-Moghaddam, Catherine M Antony, Ernoiz Antriyandarti, Boluwatife Stephen Anuoluwa, Iyadunni Adesola Anuoluwa, Saleha Anwar, Sumadi Lukman Anwar, Razique Anwer, Shahnawaz Anwer, Anayochukwu Edward Anyasodor, Geminn Louis Carace Apostol, Juan Pablo Arab, Hossein Arabi, Jalal Arabloo, Mosab Arafat, Demelash Areda, Abdulfatai Aremu, Jorge Arias de la Torre, Ghazal Arjmand, Benedetta Armocida, Johan ārnlöv, Jesu Arockiaraj, Mahwish Arooj, Anton A Artamonov, Deepavalli Arumuganainar, Nurila Aryntayeva, Mahsa Asadi Anar, Majid Asadi-Samani, Syed Mohammed Basheeruddin Asdaq, Saeed Asgary, Mohammad Asghari-Jafarabadi, Tahira Ashraf, Muhammad Abdul Basit Ashraf, Syed Amir Ashraf, Mitra Ashrafi, Milad Ashrafizadeh, Bernard Kwadwo Yeboah Asiamah-Asare, Muhammad Shahzad Aslam, Saeed Aslani, Yuni Asri, Anil Raj Assariparambil, Dereje Zewdu Assefa, Batyrbek Assembekov, Thomas Astell-Burt, Mirbahador Athari, Maha Moh'd Wahbi Atout, Alok Atreya, Julie Alaere Atta, Zeenah A Atwan, Marcel Ausloos, Abolfazl Avan, Núbia Carelli Pereira Avelar, Sana Javaid Awan, Amlaku Mulat Aweke, Babafela B Awosile, Adedapo Wasiu Awotidebe, Beatriz Paulina Ayala Quintanilla, Fekadu Belay Ayalew, Lemessa Assefa A Ayana, Haleh Ayatollahi, Olatunde O Ayinde, Yusuf Oloruntoyin Ayipo, Berrak Itir Itir Ayli, Seyed Mohammad Ayyoubzadeh, Sina Azadnajafabad, Arian Azadnia, James Mba Azam, Alireza Azarboo, Ali Azargoonjahromi, Gulrez Shah Azhar, Farya Azimi, Sadat Abdulla Aziz, Mohd Yusmaidie Aziz, Amin Azizan, Ahmed Y Azzam, Domenico Azzolino, Shahram Babadoust, Abraham Samuel Babu, Giridhara Rathnaiah Babu, Ashish D Badiye, Hunter Baggen, Elahe Baghizadeh, Sana Baghizadeh, Khlood K Baghlaf, Ahmed Salem BaHammam, Najmeh Bahmanziari, Razieh Bahreini, Yogesh Bahurupi, Ruhai Bai, Atif Amin Baig, Arun Balachandran, Wondu Feyisa Balcha, Maher Balkis, Jose Balmori-de-la-Miyar, Mohammadreza Balooch Hasankhani, Ovidiu Constantin Baltatu, Soham Bandyopadhyay, Palash Chandra Banik, Rajon Banik, Angelo Barbato, Suzanne Lyn Barker-Collo, Hiba Jawdat Barqawi, Amadou Barrow, Sandra Barteit, Zarrin Basharat, Shahid Bashir, Azadeh Bashiri, Guido Basile, Pritish Baskaran, Mohammad-Mahdi Bastan, Abdul-Monim Batiha, Kavita Batra, Bernhard T Baune, Mahdis Bayat, Mohammad Amin Bayat Tork, Mohsen Bayati, Mulat Tirfie Bayih, Thomas Beaney, Neeraj Bedi, Narasimha M Beeraka, Jina Behjati, Babak Behnam, Payam Behzadi, Diana Fernanda Bejarano Ramirez, Bezawit K Bekele, Almaz Nibret Belay, Melesse Belayneh, Asnake Gashaw Belayneh, Gokce Belge Bilgin, Bashir Bello, Muhammad Bashir Bello, Umar Muhammad Bello, Olorunjuwon Omolaja Bello, Luis Belo, Apostolos Beloukas, Riyad Bendardaf, Samiun Nazrin Bente Kamal Tune, Habib Benzian, Maria Bergami, Alemshet Yirga Berhie, Abiye Assefa Berihun, Amiel Nazer C Bermudez, Robert S Bernstein, Ajeet Singh Bhadoria, Akshaya Srikanth Bhagavathula, Jeetendra Bhandari, Charmi Bhanushali, Pankaj Bhardwaj, Nikha Bhardwaj, Ashish Bhargava, Sonu Bhaskar, Arushee Bhatnagar, Shuvarthi Bhattacharjee, Priyadarshini Bhattacharjee, Manpreet S Singh Bhatti, Rajbir Bhatti, Gurjit Kaur Bhatti, Jasvinder Singh Bhatti, Soumitra S Bhuyan, Sibhatu Kassa Biadgilign, Raluca Bievel-Radulescu, Can Bilgin, Naif Kandash Binsaleh, Catherine Bisignano, Raaj Kishore Biswas, Mohammad Shahangir Biswas, Bijit Biswas, Ahmad Naoras Bitar, Molalegne Bitew, Bruno Bizzozero-Peroni, Virginia Bodolica, Mahmut Bodur, Lucimere Bohn, Obasanjo Afolabi Bolarinwa, Archith Boloor, Paria Bolourinejad, Sri Harsha Boppana, Berrak Bora Basara, Hamed Borhany, Arturo Borzutzky, Alejandro Botero Carvajal, Souad Bouaoud, Soufiane Boufous, Rupert R A Bourne, Christopher Boxe, Nicola Luigi Bragazzi, Dejana Braithwaite, Susanne Breitner, Hermann Brenner, Edmond D Brewer, Gabrielle Britton, Julie Brown, Annie J Browne, Raffaele Bugiardini, Linh Phuong Bui, Tsion Samuel Bunare, Richard A Burns, Felix Busch, Reinhard Busse, Yasser Bustanji, Zahid A Butt, Nadeem Shafique Butt, Lucero Cahuana-Hurtado, Tianji Cai, Rose Cairns, Daniela Calina, Luis Alberto Cámera, Luciana Aparecida Campos, Ismael Campos-Nonato, Si Cao, Yuchen Cao, Chao Cao, Angelo Capodici, Giulia Carreras, Austin Carter, Andrea Carugno, Márcia Carvalho, Andre F Carvalho, Ana Paula Carvalho-e-Silva, Joao Mauricio Castaldelli-Maia, Carlos A Castañeda-Orjuela, Giulio Castelpietra, Ferrán Catalá-López, Alberico L Catapano, Maria Sofia Cattaruzza, Luca Cegolon, Francieli Cembranel, Muthia Cenderadewi, Ester Cerin, Pamela Roxana Chacón-Uscamaita, Chiranjib Chakraborty, Sandip Chakraborty, Jeffrey Shi Kai Chan, Joht Singh Chandan, Rama Mohan Chandika, Miyuru Chandradasa, Jung-Chen Chang, Vijay Kumar Chattu, Victoria Chatzimavridou-Grigoriadou, Sirshendu Chaudhuri, Akhilanand Chaurasia, Galmesa Bekana Chemeda, An-Tian Chen, Hui Chen, Haowei Chen, Xiang Chen, Hana Chen, Meng Xuan Chen, Haojin Cheng, Ka Ching Cheung, Nicholas WS Chew, Fatemeh Chichagi, Ju-Huei Chien, Odgerel Chimed-Ochir, William C S Cho, Daniel Youngwhan Cho, Bryan Chong, Hitesh Chopra, Shivani Chopra, Sonali Gajanan Choudhari, Shanjida Chowdhury, Mohiuddin Ahsanul Kabir Chowdhury, Sreshtha Chowdhury, Dinh-Toi Chu, Hongyuan Chu, Isaac Sunday Chukwu, Stephen Chukwudeh, Eric Chung, Sheng-Chia Chung, Erin Chung, Sunghyun Chung, Cain C T Clark, Alyssa Columbus, Haley Comfort, Joao Conde, Nathalie Conrad, Samuele Cortese, Paolo Angelo Cortesi, Claudia Cosma, Michael H Criqui, Natalia Cruz-Martins, Garland T Culbreth, Nour Dababo, Ali Dabbagh, Omid Dadras, Zainab Umar Dahiru, Tukur Dahiru, Xiaochen Dai, Mayank Dalakoti, Koustuv Dalal, Gloria Dalla Costa, Emanuele D´Amico, Rakhi Dandona, Lalit Dandona, Lucio D´Anna, Pojsakorn Danpanichkul, Samuel E Danso, Samuel Demissie Darcho, Latefa Ali Dardas, Chengetai Dare, Jai K Das, Barbara A D´Avanzo, Claudio Alberto Dávila-Cervantes, Dimash Davletov, Kairat Davletov, Fernando Pio De la Hoz, Alejandro de la Torre-Luque, Edward Christopher Dee, Sindhura Deekonda, Louisa Degenhardt, Paria Dehesh, Lee Deitesfeld, Denise Myriam Dekker, Pouria Delbari, Mohammad Delsoz, Dessalegn Demeke, Andreas K Demetriades, Edgar Denova-Gutiérrez, Ismail Dergaa, Kebede Deribe, Hunegnaw Almaw Derseh, Emina Derviševic, Hardik Dineshbhai Desai, Abraham Aregay Desta, Vinoth Gnana Chellaiyan Devanbu, Pradeep Kumar Devarakonda, Devananda Devegowda, Arkadeep Dhali, Kuldeep Dhama, Rajinder K Dhamija, Samath Dhamminda Dharmaratne, Meghnath Dhimal, Bibha Dhungel, Marcello Di Pumpo, Diana Dias da Silva, Luis Antonio Diaz, Daniel Diaz, Diego Diaz-Milanes, Elangovan Dilipan, Lauren K Dillard, Zhendong Ding, Xueting Ding, M Ashworth Dirac, Huyen Do, Thao Huynh Phuong Do, Phidelia Theresa Doegah, Sushil Dohare, Klara Georgieva Dokova, Regina-Mae Villanueva Dominguez, Francesco Dondi, Mario D´Oria, Fariba Dorostkar, Ojas Prakashbhai Doshi, Robert Kokou Dowou, Menayit Tamrat Dresse, Tim Robert Driscoll, Jiang Du, Judy R Dubno, Emeka W Dumbili, Samuel C Dumith, Bruce B Duncan, Jennifer Dunne, Andre Rodrigues Duraes, Senbagam Duraisamy, Oyewole Christopher Durojaiye, Siddhartha Dutta, Angel Belle Cheng Dy, Abdel Rahman E'mar, Osamudiamen Ebohon, Ejemai Eboreime, Mohammad Hossein Ebrahimi, Abdelaziz Ed-Dra, David Edvardsson, Ferry Efendi, Behrad Eftekhari, Foolad Eghbali, Shayan Eghdami, Fatemeh Ehsani, Ashkan Eighaei Sedeh, Terje Andreas Eikemo, Ebrahim Eini, Michael Ekholuenetale, Temitope Cyrus Ekundayo, Rabie Adel El Arab, Maysaa El Sayed Zaki, Mohamed Ahmed Eladl, Reza Elahi, Said El-Ashker, Rana Elbeshbeishy, Faris El-Dahiyat, Marwa Eldegwi, Marwan El-Deyarbi, Noha Mousaad Elemam, Ghada Metwally Tawfik ElGohary, Muhammed Elhadi, Mohamed Elhoumed, Waseem El-Huneidi, Omar Abdelsadek Abdou Elmeligy, Mohamed A Elmonem, Adel B Elmoselhi, Mohamed Hassan Elnaem, Mohammed Elshaer, Ibrahim Elsohaby, Chadi Eltaha, Abdelgawad Salah Abdelgawad Eltahawy, Tadele Emagneneh, Syed Emdadul Haque, Theophilus I Emeto, Victor Oghenekparobo Emojevwe, Stanley Chinedu Eneh, Christopher Imokhuede Esezobor, Babak Eshrati, Sharareh Eskandarieh, Majid Eslami, Rafaela Cavalheiro do Espírito Santo, Kara Estep, Elochukwu Ezenwankwo, Natalia Fabin, Heidar Fadavian, Adeniyi Francis Fagbamigbe, Ayesha Fahim, Razana Faiz, Ildar Ravisovich Fakhradiyev, Aliasghar Fakhri-Demeshghieh, Luca Falzone, Qiping Fan, Mohammad Farahmand, Seyed Nooreddin Faraji, Ali Faramarzi, Mohammad Fareed, Andre Faro, Syed Muhammad Yousaf Farooq, Fatemeh Farshad, Farima Farsi, Md. Omar Faruk, Abidemi Omolara Fasanmi, Folorunso Oludayo Fasina, Modupe Margaret Fasina, Ali Fatehizadeh, Davood Fathi, Zareen Fatima, Timur Fazylov, Valery L Feigin, maryam feili, Alireza Feizkhah, Ginenus Fekadu, Xiaoqi Feng, Talukdar Raian Ferdous, Seyed-Mohammad Fereshtehnejad, Nuno Ferreira, Bikila Regassa Feyisa, Alexander Finnemore, Claudio Fiorilla, Ida Fitriana, Luisa S Flor, Artem Alekseevich Fomenkov, Marco Fonzo, Arianna Fornari, Behzad Foroutan, Daniela Fortuna, Matteo Foschi, Maryam Fotouhi, Kayode Raphael Fowobaje, Richard Charles Franklin, Alberto Freitas, Takeshi Fukumoto, Ami Fukunaga, John E Fuller, Nancy Fullman, Blima Fux, Sridevi G, Peter Andras Gaal, Muktar A Gadanya, Dominic Dormenyo Gadeka, Márió Gajdács, Emmanuela Gakidou, Yaseen Galali, Silvano Gallus, Dhanraj Ganapathy, Balasankar Ganesan, Shivaprakash Gangachannaiah, Xiang Gao, Yijie Gao, Bashiru Garba, Miguel Garcia-Argibay, David Garcia-Azorin, Jacopo Garlasco, Zisis Gatzioufas, Rupesh K Gautam, Prem Gautam, Bamba Gaye, Federica Gazzelloni, Hong-Han Ge, Feven Sahle Gebre, Miglas Welay Gebregergis, Haftay Gebremedhin Gebreslassie, Miesa Gelchu, Stefano Gelibter, Nsikakabasi Samuel George, Ali Gerami Matin, Lemma Getacher, Genanew K Getahun, Kalab Yigermal Gete, Peter W Gething, Delaram J Ghadimi, Keyghobad Ghadiri, Arin Ghamkhar, Ali Ghandili, Mohammad-Reza Ghasemi, Moein Ghasemi, Shakiba Ghasemi Assl, Fariba Ghassemi, Ramy Mohamed Ghazy, Nermin Ghith, Zainab Gholami, Nasim Gholizadeh, Elena Ghotbi, Arun Ghuge, Alessandro Gialluisi, Konstantinos Giannakis, Ruth Margaret Gibson, Syed Abdullah Gilani, Tiffany K Gill, Alem Abera Girmay, Alessandro Girombelli, Laszlo Göbölös, Rajesh Kumar Goel, Anil Kumar Goel, Archit Goel, Kimiya Gohari, Mahaveer Golechha, Ali Golestani, Mohsen Golkar, Nelson G M Gomes, Philimon N Gona, Wenping Gong, Sameer Vali Gopalani, Giuseppe Gorini, Yitayal Ayalew Goshu, Alessandra C Goulart, Ayman Grada, Simon Matthew Matthew Graham, Michal Grivna, Ashna Grover, Habtamu Alganeh Guadie, Bin Guan, Shi-Yang Guan, Giovanni Guarducci, Mohammed Ibrahim Mohialdeen Gubari, Avirup Guha, Stefano Guicciardi, Zhifeng Guo, Xingzhi Guo, Zhaoyu Guo, Cui Guo, Zheng Guo, Rajat Das Gupta, Rajeev Gupta, Sapna Gupta, Lalit Gupta, Himanshu Gupta, Roberth Steven Gutiérrez-Murillo, Jose Guzman-Esquivel, Abrham Tesfaye Tesfaye Habteyes, Awoke Derbie Derbie Habteyohannes, Tesfahun Simon Hadaro, Zahra Hadian, Sarah Hafsia, Faraidoon Haghdoost, Arian Haghtalab, Nguyen Hai Nam, Arvin Haj-Mirzaian, Pritam Halder, Sebastian Haller, Rabih Halwani, Islam M Hamad, Randah R Hamadeh, Nadia M Hamdy, Samer Hamidi, Erin B Hamilton, Ahmad Hammoud, Mohammad Hamza, Didem Han Yekdes, Asif Hanif, Nasrin Hanifi, Graeme J Hankey, Fahad Hanna, Md Nuruzzaman Haque, Ashanul Haque, Obaid I Haque, Harapan Harapan, Hilda L Harb, Arief Hargono, Andy Martahan Andreas Hariandja, Josep Maria Haro, Eka Mishbahatul Marah Has, Ahmed I Hasaballah, Md Kamrul Hasan, Faizul Hasan, Towhid Hasan, Hamidreza Hasani, Ali Hasanpour- Dehkordi, Arezou Hashem Zadeh, Mohammad Hashem Hashempur, Nada Tawfig Hashim, Ammarah Hasnain, Ikrama Hassan, Ibrahim Nagmeldin Hassan, Nageeb Hassan, Yusuf Wada Hassan Wada, Mahgol Sadat Hassan Zadeh Tabatabaei, Rasmus J Havmoeller, Simon I Hay, Khezar Hayat, Jiawei He, Jeffrey J Hebert, Mohammad Heidari, Golnaz Heidari, Mehdi Hemmati, Claire A Henson, Claudiu Herteliu, Hamed Hesami, Sumudu Avanthi Hewage, Majid Heydari, Zahra Heydarifard, Yuta Hiraike, Ramesh Holla, Nobuyuki Horita, Md Belal Hossain, Md Mahbub Hossain, Md Sabbir Hossain, Alamgir Hossain, Mohammad Bellal Hossain, Lubna Hossain, Sorin Hostiuc, Mihaela Hostiuc, Peter J Hotez, Jada Averianna Houser, Amir Human Hoveidaei, Hanno Hoven, Alexander Win Hsu, Chengxi Hu, Guoqing Hu, Yefei Huang, Zhenyao Huang, Junjie Huang, Weijun Huang, Mega Hasanul Huda, Ayesha Humayun, Waqar Husain, Kiavash Hushmandi, Javid Hussain, Nawfal R Hussein, Mohamed Ibrahim Husseiny, Hong-Han Huynh, Bing-Fang Hwang, Luigi Francesco Iannone, Segun Emmanuel Ibitoye, Umar Idris Ibrahim, Ismail A. Atef Ismail Ahmed Ibrahim, Ramzi Ibrahim, Anel Ibrayeva, Fidelia Ida, Pulwasha Maria Iftikhar, Adalia Ikiroma, Kevin S Ikuta, Olayinka Stephen Ilesanmi, Irena M Ilic, Milena D Ilic, Masoud Imani, Mustapha Immurana, Lucius Chidiebere Imoh, Leeberk Raja Inbaraj, Arit Inok, Mujahid Iqbal, Muhammad Iqhrammullah, Mustafa Alhaji Isa, Benni Iskandar, Teresa R Iskander, Dr. Md. Shahinul Islam, Md Rabiul Islam, Md Shariful Islam, Farhad Islami, Nahlah Elkudssiah Ismail, Faisal Ismail, Yerlan Ismoldayev, Gaetano Isola, Masao Iwagami, Ihoghosa Osamuyi Iyamu, Mahalaxmi Iyer, Vinothini J, Jalil Jaafari, Udeme Samuel Jacob, Kathryn H Jacobsen, Ali Jadidi, Mohammadsadegh Jafari, Ali Jafari-Khounigh, Morteza Jafarinia, Vennila Jaganathan, Haitham Jahrami, Ayushi Jain, Ammar Abdulrahman Jairoun, Mihajlo Jakovljevic, Ali Jaliliyan, Mohamed Jalloh, Qazi Mohammad Sajid Jamal, Armaan Jamal, Jazlan Jamaluddin, Melika Jameie, Jerin James, Safayet Jamil, Masoud Jamshidi, Shaghayegh JamshidiRastabi, Esmaeil Jarrahi, Tahereh Javaheri, Syed Sarmad Javaid, Anita Javanmardi, Javad Javidnia, Shubha Jayaram, Ruwan Duminda Jayasinghe, Yovanthi Anurangi Jayasinghe, Achala Upendra Jayatilleke, Felix K Jebasingh, Jayakumar Jeganathan, Seogsong Jeong, Bijay Mukesh Jeswani, Zixiang Ji, Min Jiang, Wenyi Jin, Shuai Jin, Mohammad Jokar, Jost B Jonas, Darwin Phan Jones, Tamas Joo, Abu Jor, Nitin Joseph, Abel Joseph, Charity Ehimwenma Joshua, Katie Joskowitz, Kripa Josten, George Joy, Jacek Jerzy Jozwiak, Malik E Juweid, Vaishali K, Zubair Kabir, Dler H. Hussein Kadir, Ashish Kumar Kakkar, Pradnya Vishal Kakodkar, Khalil Kalavani, Sanjay Kalra, Md Moustafa Kamal, Mehnaz Kamal, Sivesh Kathir Kamarajah, Rajesh Kamath, Saltanat Kamenova, Arun Kamireddy, Ramat T Kamorudeen, Devanish Narasimhasanth Kamtam, Naser Kamyari, Oleksandr Kamyshnyi, Mona Kanaan, Saddam Fuad Kanaan, Jiseung Kang, Samuel Berchi Kankam, Kehinde Kazeem Kanmodi, Rami S Kantar, Neeti Kapoor, Sujita Kumar Kar, Paschalis Karakasis, Reema A Karasneh, Mohammad Amin Karimi, Salah Eddin Karimi, Mohmed Isaqali Karobari, Tomasz M Karpinski, Sadanand Karun, Manoj Kumar Kashyap, Eden Asmare Kassahun, Nigussie Assefa Kassaw, Nicholas J Kassebaum, Molly B Kassel, Adarsh Katamreddy, Kanica Kaushal, Foad Kazemi, Nastaran Kazemi rad, Sina Kazemian, Hafte Kahsay Kebede, Chukwudi Keke, John H Kempen, Jessica A Kerr, Emmanuelle Kesse-Guyot, Reza Khademi, Inn Kynn Khaing, Himanshu Khajuria, Nauman Khalid, Sidra Khalid, Hazim O Khalifa, Anas Husam Khalifeh, Anees Ahmed Khalil, Pantea Khalili, Anita Khalili, Alireza Khalilian, Ghazaleh Khalili-Tanha, Mohamed khalis, Faham Khamesipour, Muhammad Mueed Khan, Zahid Khan, Zahid Khan, Abdul A Khan, Md Abdullah Saeed Khan, Serab Khan, Yusuf Saleem Khan, Ramsha Mushtaq Khan, Ajmal Khan, Mohammad Jobair Khan, Muhammad Hamza Khan, Iman Waheed Khan, Muhammad Umer Khan, Sumaiya Khan, Maseer Khan, Fayaz Khan, Srijana Khanal, Shaghayegh Khanmohammadi, Zenith Khashim, Khaled Khatab, Haitham Khatatbeh, Moawiah Mohammad Khatatbeh, Kavin Khatri, Hamid Reza Khayat Kashani, Khalid A Kheirallah, Sunil Kumar Khokhar, Mohammad Saeid Khonji, Zahra Khorrami, Najmaddin Salih Husen S.H. Khoshnaw, Atulya Aman Khosla, Sepehr Khosravi, Majid Khosravi, Mahmood Khosrowjerdi, Jagdish Khubchandani, Zemene Demelash Kifle, Min Seo Kim, Hye Jun Kim, Jinho Kim, Yun Jin Kim, Ruth W Kimokoti, Yohannes Kinfu, Sanjay Kini B, Mary Kirk, Adnan Kisa, Sezer Kisa, Ladli Kishore, Juniper Boroka Kiss, Mika Kivimäki, Shivakumar KM, Ann Kristin Skrindo Knudsen, Nazarii Kobyliak, Sonali Kochhar, Michail Kokkorakis, Ali-Asghar Kolahi, Diana Gladys Kolieghu Tcheumeni, Farzad Kompani, Aida Kondybayeva, Anastasios Georgios Panagiotis Konstas, Isaac Koomson, Gerbrand Koren, Tapos Kormoker, Oleksii Korzh, Karel Kostev, Archana Koul, Sindhura Lakshmi Koulmane Laxminarayana, James-Paul Kretchy, Irene Akwo Kretchy, Kewal Krishan, Chong-Han Kua, Ananya Kuanar, Barthelemy Kuate Defo, Mohammed Kuddus, Ilari Kuitunen, Shikha Kukreti, Mukhtar Kulimbet, Vishnutheertha Kulkarni, Shweta Kulshreshtha, Sanjay Kirshan Kumar, Manasi Kumar, Dewesh Kumar, Tushar Kumar, Vijay Kumar, Jogender Kumar, Nithin Kumar, G Anil Kumar, Avinash Kumar, Jibin Kunjavara, Setor K Kunutsor, Almagul Kurmanova, Maria Dyah Kurniasari, Pramod Kumar Kushawaha, Asep Kusnali, Christina Yeni Yeni Kustanti, Dian Kusuma, Tezer Kutluk, Assylkhan Kuttybayev, Wai Hang Patrick Kwong, Grace Kwakyewaa Kyei, Evans F Kyei, Frank Kyei-Arthur, Ville Kytö, Hmwe Hmwe Kyu, Pallavi L C, Adriano La Vecchia, Carlo La Vecchia, Alessio Lachi, Muhammad Awwal Ladan, Lucie Laflamme, Chandrakant Lahariya, Daphne Teck Ching Lai, Balzhan Lakanova, Anita Lakhani, Dharmesh Kumar Lal, Ratilal Lalloo, Tea Lallukka, Iván Landires, Berthold Langguth, Ariane Laplante-Lévesque, Dylan Lasher, Kamaluddin Latief, Mahrukh Latif, Colleen L L Lau, Saheed Akinmayowa Lawal, Aliyu Lawan, Trang Diep Thanh Le, Huu-Hoai Le, Nhi Huu Hanh Le, Minh Huu Nhat Le, Thao Thi Thu Le, Caterina Ledda, Wei-Chen Lee, Ivan Lee, Seung Won Lee, Yo Han Lee, Vasileios Leivaditis, Matthew J Lennon, Matilde Leonardi, Elvynna Leong, An Li, Jinbo Li, Hui Li, Yongze Li, Jianan Li, Ming-Chieh Li, Wei Li, Wei Li, Chengfeng Li, Wang-Zhong Li, Zhengrui Li, Zhaolong Adrian Li, Weilong Li, Jiaying Li, Yanxue Lian, Xue-Zhen Liang, Virendra S Ligade, Stephen S Lim, Ro-Ting Lin, Queran Lin, Shuzhi Lin, Jialing Lin, Daniel Lindholm, Yuewei Ling, Xuefeng Liu, Xiaofeng Liu, Haipeng Liu, Xianliang Liu, Zhe Liu, Jue Liu, Gang Liu, Yubo Liu, Erand Llanaj, Michael J Loftus, Valerie Lohner, José Francisco López-Gil, Masoud Lotfizadeh, Surbala Devi Lourembam, Rafael Lozano, Shanjie Luan, Jailos Lubinda, Giancarlo Lucchetti, Susu Luo, Jay B Lusk, Angelina M Lutambi, Miltiadis D Lytras, Ellina Lytvyak, Hawraz Ibrahim M. Amin, Zheng Feei Ma, Kevin Sheng-Kai Ma, Kelsey Lynn Maass, Mahmoud Mabrok, Nikolaos Machairas, Monika Machoy, Firoozeh Madadi, Seyed Ataollah Madinezad, Christian Madsen, Aurea Marilia Madureira-Carvalho, Pasquale Maffia, Azzam A Maghazachi, D.R. Mahadeshwara Prasad, Sasikumar Mahalingam, Preeti Maharjan, Mina Maheri, Nozad Hussein Mahmood, Alireza Mahmoudi, Farhad Mahmoudi, Panagiota Maikanti-Charalampous, Rituparna Maiti, Marek Majdan, Abdelrahman M Makram, Reza Malekzadeh, Hardeep Singh Malhotra, Farihah Malik, Ahmad Azam Malik, Deborah Carvalho Malta, Mustapha Mangdow, Emery Manirambona, Lokesh Manjani, Yosef Manla, Fahmida Mannan, Kamaruddeen Mannethodi, Farheen Mansoor, Marjan Mansourian, Mohammad Ali Mansournia, Lorenzo Giovanni Mantovani, Changkun Mao, Tahir Maqbool, Hamid Reza Marateb, Joemer C Maravilla, Konstantinos Margetis, Mirko Marino, Adilson Marques, Gabriel Martinez, Bernardo Alfonso Martinez-Guerra, Ramon Martinez-Piedra, Daniela Martini, Francisco Rogerl∘ndio Martins-Melo, Miquel Martorell, Roy Rillera Marzo, Sammer Marzouk, Sugeng Mashudi, Soroush Masrouri, Clara N Matei, Yasith Mathangasinghe, Stephanie Mathieson, Alexander G Mathioudakis, Medha Mathur, Neeta Mathur, Fernanda Penido Matozinhos, Rita Mattiello, Khurshid A Mattoo, Richard James Maude, Pallab K Maulik, Erin A May, Mahsa Mayeli, Mohsen Mazidi, John J McGrath, Martin McKee, Steven M McPhail, Michael A McPhail, Enkeleint A Mechili, Rishi P Mediratta, Riffat Mehboob, Ravi Mehrotra, Vini Mehta, Tesfahun Mekene Meto, Berhanu Abebaw Mekonnen, Hadush Negash Meles, Addisu Melese, Satish Melwani, Walter Mendoza, Godfred Antony Menezes, Emiru Ayalew Mengistie, George A Mensah, Sultan Ayoub Ayoub Meo, Michelangelo Mercogliano, Tuomo J Meretoja, Atte Meretoja, Tomislav Mestrovic, Chamila Dinushi Kukulege Mettananda, Sachith Mettananda, Mohamed M M Metwally, Tomasz Miazgowski, Irmina Maria Michalek, Andrea Michelerio, Hiwot Soboksa Mideksa, Ted R Miller, Giuseppe Minervini, GK Mini, Mojgan Mirghafourvand, Seyed Ali Mirshahvalad, Mizan Kiros Mirutse, Maryam Mirzaei, Awoke Misganaw, Archana Mishra, Philip B Mitchell, Sayan Mitra, Chaitanya Mittal, Malihe Moazeni, Shivani Modi, Nouh Saad Mohamed, Mona Gamal Mohamed, Jama Mohamed, Khabab Abbasher Hussien Mohamed Ahmed, Taj Mohammad, Sakineh Mohammad-Alizadeh-Charandabi, Abdollah Mohammadian-Hafshejani, Saeed Mohammadpour, Ibrahim Mohammadzadeh, Shafiu Mohammed, Yahaya Mohammed, Hussen Mohammed, Abdulwase Mohammed, Omer Mohammed, Mustapha Mohammed, Suleiman Mohammed, Ammas Siraj Mohammed, Mohammad Mohseni, Ali H Mokdad, Sabrina Molinaro, Amirabbas Mollaei, Shaher Momani, Lorenzo Monasta, Himel Mondal, Stefania Mondello, Mohammad Ali Moni, Marco Montalti, Yousef Moradi, Maziar Moradi-Lakeh, Paula Moraga, Rafael Silveira Moreira, Shane Douglas Morrison, Mahmoud M Morsy, Reza Mosaddeghi Heris, Jonathan F Mosser, Elias Mossialos, Simin Mouodi, Mariana Mourgova, Asma Mousavi, Seyede Zohre Mousavi, Amin Mousavi Khaneghah, Seyed Mohamad Sadegh Mousavi Kiasary, Amanda Movo, Hagar Lotfy Mowafy, Kimia Mozahheb Yousefi, Matías Mrejen, Rabia Mubarak, Faraz Mughal, Syed Aun Muhammad, Oscar J Mujica, Sumoni Mukherjee, Sukhes Mukherjee, Amartya Mukhopadhyay, George Duke Mukoro, M A Muktadir, Francesk Mulita, Chalie Mulugeta, Mulyadi Mulyadi, Malaisamy Muniyandi, Kavita Munjal, Yanjinlkham Munkhsaikhan, Javier Muñoz Laguna, Michio Murakami, Efren Murillo-Zamora, B.V. Murlimanju, Sani Musa, Ali Mushtaq, Sherzad Ibrahim Mustafa, Mubarak Taiwo Mustapha, Sathish Muthu, Saravanan Muthupandian, Claude Mambo Muvunyi, Muhammad Muzaffar, Woojae Myung, Amin Nabavi, Ahamarshan Jayaraman Nagarajan, Shankar Prasad Nagaraju, Mohsen Naghavi, Ganesh R Naik, Firzan Nainu, Hastyar Hama Rashid Najmuldeen, Noureddin Nakhostin Ansari, Gopal Nambi, Vinay Nangia, Jobert Richie Nansseu, Yvonne Nartey, Bruno Ramos Nascimento, Gustavo G Nascimento, Abdallah Y Naser, Abdulqadir J Nashwan, Hamide Nasiri, Mahmoud Nassar, Zuhair S Natto, Zakira Naureen, Samidi Nirasha Kumari Navaratna, Nawsherwan, Biswa Prakash Nayak, Shalini Ganesh Nayak, Smitha Nayak, Shumaila Naz, G. Takop Nchanji, Amanuel Tebabal Nega, Masoud Negahdary, Wubshet D Negash, Ruxandra Irina Negoi, Ionut Negoi, Jalil Nejati, Nikita A Nekliudov, Samata Nepal, Henok Biresaw Netsere, Charles Richard James Newton, Marie Ng, Georges Nguefack-Tsague, Josephine W Ngunjiri, The Phuong Nguyen, Van Thanh Nguyen, Dang Nguyen, Long Nguyen, Nghia Phu Nguyen, Tu Anh Nguyen, Cuong Tat Nguyen, Ambe Marius Ngwa, Robina Khan Niazi, Luciano Nieddu, Ali Nikoobar, Vikram Niranjan, Abebe Melis Nisro, Jan Rene Nkeck, Chukwudi A Nnaji, Shuhei Nomura, Syed Toukir Ahmed Noor, Sana Noreen, Masoud Noroozi, Jean Jacques Noubiap, Valentine C Nriagu, Chisom Adaobi Nri-Ezedi, Jean Claude Nshimiyimana, Mpiko Ntsekhe, Fred Nugen, Atoma Negera Nugusa, Mengistu H Nunemo, Nurfatimah Nurfatimah, Dieta Nurrika, Sylvester Dodzi Dodzi Nyadanu, Felix Kwasi Nyande, Ogochukwu Janet Nzoputam, Bogdan Oancea, Fabio Massimo Oddi, Ismail A Odetokun, Oluwakemi Ololade Odukoya, Joseph Kojo Oduro, Michael Safo Oduro, Akinyemi O D Ofakunrin, Onome Bright Oghenetega, Oluwafunmilayo Tosin Ogundeko-Olugbami, In-Hwan Oh, Sarah Oh, Edel T O'Hagan, Hassan Okati-Aliabad, Sylvester Reuben Okeke, Deborah Oluwatosin Okeke-Obayemi, Olalekan John Okesanya, Osaretin Christabel Okonji, Oluwaseyi Isaiah Olabisi, Andrew T Olagunju, Oladotun Victor Olalusi, Matthew Idowu Olatubi, Arão Belitardo Oliveira, Gláucia Maria Moraes Oliveira, Abdulhakeem Abayomi Olorukooba, Oluseye Olalekan Oludoye, Jacob Olusegun Olusanya, Bolajoko Olubukunola Olusanya, Goran Latif Omer, Sandersan Onie, Obinna E Onwujekwe, Marcel Opitz, Aksoltan Shyhdurdyevna Oradova, Michal Ordak, Verner N Orish, Raffaele Ornello, Atakan Orscelik, Alberto Ortiz, Esteban Ortiz-Prado, Augustus Osborne, John W Ostrominski, Uchechukwu Levi Osuagwu, Olayinka Osuolale, Godfred Otchere, Elham H Othman, Adrian Otoiu, Oche Joseph Otorkpa, Abdu Oumer, Jerry John Ouner, Amel Ouyahia, Mayowa O Owolabi, Irene Amoakoh Owusu, Kolapo Oyebola, Tope Oyelade, Oyetunde T Oyeyemi, Ilker Ozsahin, Mahesh P A, Alicia Padron-Monedero, Jagadish Rao Padubidri, Dimpal Manilal Paija, Keyvan Pakshir, Tamás Palicz, Raffaele Palladino, Raul Felipe Palma-Alvarez, Tejasri Paluvai, Feng Pan, Sujogya Kumar Panda, Songhomitra Panda-Jonas, Seithikurippu R Pandi-Perumal, Carlo Irwin Able Panelo, Helena Ullyartha Pangaribuan, Georgios D Panos, Leonidas D Panos, Ioannis Pantazopoulos, Anca Pantea Stoian, Giovanni Paolino, Ilias Papadimopoulos, Paraskevi Papadopoulou, Parinaz Paranjkhoo, Shahina Pardhan, Peyvand Parhizkar Roudsari, Romil R Parikh, Chulwoo Park, Eun-Kee Park, Seoyeon Park, Arpit Parmar, Swapnil Parve, Maja Pasovic, Roberto Passera, Jay Patel, Satyananda Patel, Mitesh Patel, Sangram Kishor Patel, Hemal M Patel, Bhumi Hemal Patel, Heta Pavan Patel, Riya Jayesh Patel, Neel Navinkumar Patel, Angel J Paternina-Caicedo, Bharat Smita Umakant Patil, Shankargouda Patil, Ashlesh Patil, Apurba Patra, Venkata Suresh Patthipati, Shubhadarshini Pawar, Shrikant Pawar, Hamidreza Pazoki Toroudi, Spencer A Pease, Amy E Peden, Paolo Pedersini, Jarmila Pekarcikova, Veincent Christian Filipino Pepito, Prince Peprah, Emmanuel K Peprah, João Perdigão, Gavin Pereira, Maria Odete Pereira, Pablo Perez-Lopez, Arokiasamy Perianayagam, Norberto Perico, Simone Perna, Pavlo Petakh, Olumuyiwa James Peter, Fanny Emily Petermann-Rocha, Hoang Nhat Pham, Tung Thanh Pham, Hoang Tran Pham, Nhat Truong Pham, Anil K Philip, Michael R Phillips, Zayar Phyo, David M Pigott, Zahra Zahid Piracha, Edoardo Pirera, Moein Piroozkhkah, Enrico Pisoni, Florian Ploeckl, Evgenii Plotnikov, Dimitri Poddighe, Roman V Polibin, Ramesh Poluru, Ville T Ponkilainen, Ion Popa, Djordje S Popovic, Sajjad Pourasghary, Reza Pourbabaki, Farzad Pourghazi, Naeimeh Pourtaheri, Sergio I Prada, Pranil Man Singh Pradhan, Jalandhar Pradhan, Akila Prashant, Elton Junio Sady Prates, Harsh Priya, Nicola Riccardo Pugliese, Hery Purnobasuki, Shuby Puthussery, Jagadeesh Puvvula, Nameer Hashim Qasim, Zhipeng Qi, Xiang Qi, Jia-Yong Qiu, Zahiruddin Syed Quazi, Basuki Rachmat, Raghu Anekal Radhakrishnan, Hadi Raeisi Shahraki, Alberto Raggi, Pracheth Raghuveer, Hawbash Mohammed-Amin Rahim, Sajjad Rahimi, Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar, Muhammad Aziz Rahman, Mahbubur Rahman, Fryad Majeed Rahman, Md Mijanur Rahman, Mohammad Hifz Ur Rahman, Md. 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Lancet, 2025
BACKGROUND: Comprehensive, comparable, and timely estimates of demographic metrics-including life expectancy and age-specific mortality-are essential for evaluating, understanding, and addressing trends in population health. The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the importance of timely and all-cause mortality estimates for being able to respond to changing trends in health outcomes, showing a strong need for demographic analysis tools that can produce all-cause mortality estimates more rapidly with more readily available all-age vital registration (VR) data. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) is an ongoing research effort that quantifies human health by estimating a range of epidemiological quantities of interest across time, age, sex, location, cause, and risk. This study-part of the latest GBD release, GBD 2023-aims to provide new and updated estimates of all-cause mortality and life expectancy for 1950 to 2023 using a novel statistical model that accounts for complex correlation structures in demographic data across age and time. METHODS: We used 24 025 data sources from VR, sample registration, surveys, censuses, and other sources to estimate all-cause mortality for males, females, and all sexes combined across 25 age groups in 204 countries and territories as well as 660 subnational units in 20 countries and territories, for the years 1950-2023. For the first time, we used complete birth history data for ages 5-14 years, age-specific sibling history data for ages 15-49 years, and age-specific mortality data from Health and Demographic Surveillance Systems. We developed a single statistical model that incorporates both parametric and non-parametric methods, referred to as OneMod, to produce estimates of all-cause mortality for each age-sex-location group. OneMod includes two main steps: a detailed regression analysis with a generalised linear modelling tool that accounts for age-specific covariate effects such as the Socio-demographic Index (SDI) and a population attributable fraction (PAF) for all risk factors combined; and a non-parametric analysis of residuals using a multivariate kernel regression model that smooths across age and time to adaptably follow trends in the data without overfitting. We calibrated asymptotic uncertainty estimates using Pearson residuals to produce 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs) and corresponding 1000 draws. Life expectancy was calculated from age-specific mortality rates with standard demographic methods. For each measure, 95% UIs were calculated with the 25th and 975th ordered values from a 1000-draw posterior distribution. FINDINGS: In 2023, 60·1 million (95% UI 59·0-61·1) deaths occurred globally, of which 4·67 million (4·59-4·75) were in children younger than 5 years. Due to considerable population growth and ageing since 1950, the number of annual deaths globally increased by 35·2% (32·2-38·4) over the 1950-2023 study period, during which the global age-standardised all-cause mortality rate declined by 66·6% (65·8-67·3). Trends in age-specific mortality rates between 2011 and 2023 varied by age group and location, with the largest decline in under-5 mortality occurring in east Asia (67·7% decrease); the largest increases in mortality for those aged 5-14 years, 25-29 years, and 30-39 years occurring in high-income North America (11·5%, 31·7%, and 49·9%, respectively); and the largest increases in mortality for those aged 15-19 years and 20-24 years occurring in Eastern Europe (53·9% and 40·1%, respectively). We also identified higher than previously estimated mortality rates in sub-Saharan Africa for all sexes combined aged 5-14 years (87·3% higher in GBD 2023 than GBD 2021 on average across countries and territories over the 1950-2021 period) and for females aged 15-29 years (61·2% higher), as well as lower than previously estimated mortality rates in sub-Saharan Africa for all sexes combined aged 50 years and older (13·2% lower), reflecting advances in our modelling approach. Global life expectancy followed three distinct trends over the study period. First, between 1950 and 2019, there were considerable improvements, from 51·2 (50·6-51·7) years for females and 47·9 (47·4-48·4) years for males in 1950 to 76·3 (76·2-76·4) years for females and 71·4 (71·3-71·5) years for males in 2019. Second, this period was followed by a decrease in life expectancy during the COVID-19 pandemic, to 74·7 (74·6-74·8) years for females and 69·3 (69·2-69·4) years for males in 2021. Finally, the world experienced a period of post-pandemic recovery in 2022 and 2023, wherein life expectancy generally returned to pre-pandemic (2019) levels in 2023 (76·3 [76·0-76·6] years for females and 71·5 [71·2-71·8] years for males). 194 (95·1%) of 204 countries and territories experienced at least partial post-pandemic recovery in age-standardised mortality rates by 2023, with 61·8% (126 of 204) recovering to or falling below pre-pandemic levels. There were several mortality trajectories during and following the pandemic across countries and territories. Long-term mortality trends also varied considerably between age groups and locations, demonstrating the diverse landscape of health outcomes globally. INTERPRETATION: This analysis identified several key differences in mortality trends from previous estimates, including higher rates of adolescent mortality, higher rates of young adult mortality in females, and lower rates of mortality in older age groups in much of sub-Saharan Africa. The findings also highlight stark differences across countries and territories in the timing and scale of changes in all-cause mortality trends during and following the COVID-19 pandemic (2020-23). Our estimates of evolving trends in mortality and life expectancy across locations, ages, sexes, and SDI levels in recent years as well as over the entire 1950-2023 study period provide crucial information for governments, policy makers, and the public to ensure that health-care systems, economies, and societies are prepared to address the world's health needs, particularly in populations with higher rates of mortality than previously known. The estimates from this study provide a robust framework for GBD and a valuable foundation for policy development, implementation, and evaluation around the world. FUNDING: Gates Foundation.
Global burden of 292 causes of death in 204 countries and territories and 660 subnational locations, 1990–2023: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023
Mohsen Naghavi, Hmwe Hmwe Kyu, Bhoomadevi A, Mohammad Amin Aalipour, Hasan Aalruz, Hazim S Ababneh, Bedru J Abafita, Ukachukwu O Abaraogu, Cristiana Abbafati, Madineh Abbasi, Faezeh Abbaspour, Hedayat Abbastabar, Abdallah H A Abd Al Magied, Samar Abd ElHafeez, Ashraf Nabiel Abdalla, Mohammed Altigani Abdalla, Emad M Abdallah, Barkhad Aden Abdeeq, Nadin M I Abdel Razeq, Ahmed Abdelrahman Abdelgalil, Reda Abdel-Hameed, Michael Abdelmasseh, Mahmoud Abdelnabi, Wael M Abdel-Rahman, Arman Abdous, Mostafa M Abdrabou, Jeza Muhamad Abdul Aziz, Deldar Morad Abdulah, Auwal Abdullahi, Toufik Abdul-Rahman, Habtamu Abebe Getahun, Aidin Abedi, Armita Abedi, Parisa Abedi, Asrat Agalu Abejew, Roberto Ariel Abeldaño Zuñiga, Shehab Uddin Al Abid, Syed Hani Abidi, Alemwork Abie, Olugbenga Olusola Abiodun, Richard Gyan Aboagye, Shady Abohashem, Hassan Abolhassani, Ulric Sena Abonie, Nagah M Abourashed, Mohamed Abouzid, Dmitry Abramov, Lucas Guimarães Abreu, Dariush Abtahi, Rana Kamal Abu Farha, Fuad Hamdi A Abuadas, Aminu Kende Abubakar, Nermeen Abu-Elala, Eman Abu-Gharbieh, Sawsan Abuhammad, Ahmad Y Abuhelwa, Hana J Abukhadijah, Niveen ME Abu-Rmeileh, Salahdein Aburuz, Dina Abushanab, Manfred Mario Kokou Accrombessi, Anirudh Balakrishna Acharya, Apurba Acharya, Ousman Adal, Lisa C Adams, Abdu A Adamu, Isaac Yeboah Addo, Oluwafemi Atanda Adeagbo, Tajudeen Adesanmi Adebisi, Isaac Akinkunmi Adedeji, Kamoru Ademola Adedokun, Oluwatobi E Adegbile, Nurudeen A Adegoke, Olumide Thomas Adeleke, Bulcha Guye Adema, Bashir Aden, Isaac Ayodeji Adesina, Miracle Ayomikun Adesina, Juliana Bunmi Adetunji, Habeeb Omoponle Adewuyi, Temitayo Esther Adeyeoluwa, Mache Tsadik Adhana, Ripon Kumar Adhikary, Usha Adiga, Tanin Adl Parvar, Mohd Adnan, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah Adnani, Prince Owusu Adoma, Leticia Akua Adzigbli, David Adzrago, Giuseppina Affinito, Ahmed M Afifi, Clifford Afoakwah, Aanuoluwapo Adeyimika Afolabi, Rotimi Felix Afolabi, Vlad-Adrian Afrăsânie, Saira Afzal, Gizachew Beykaso Agafari, 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Lancet, 2025
BACKGROUND: Timely and comprehensive analyses of causes of death stratified by age, sex, and location are essential for shaping effective health policies aimed at reducing global mortality. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2023 provides cause-specific mortality estimates measured in counts, rates, and years of life lost (YLLs). GBD 2023 aimed to enhance our understanding of the relationship between age and cause of death by quantifying the probability of dying before age 70 years (70q0) and the mean age at death by cause and sex. This study enables comparisons of the impact of causes of death over time, offering a deeper understanding of how these causes affect global populations. METHODS: GBD 2023 produced estimates for 292 causes of death disaggregated by age-sex-location-year in 204 countries and territories and 660 subnational locations for each year from 1990 until 2023. We used a modelling tool developed for GBD, the Cause of Death Ensemble model (CODEm), to estimate cause-specific death rates for most causes. We computed YLLs as the product of the number of deaths for each cause-age-sex-location-year and the standard life expectancy at each age. Probability of death was calculated as the chance of dying from a given cause in a specific age period, for a specific population. Mean age at death was calculated by first assigning the midpoint age of each age group for every death, followed by computing the mean of all midpoint ages across all deaths attributed to a given cause. We used GBD death estimates to calculate the observed mean age at death and to model the expected mean age across causes, sexes, years, and locations. The expected mean age reflects the expected mean age at death for individuals within a population, based on global mortality rates and the population's age structure. Comparatively, the observed mean age represents the actual mean age at death, influenced by all factors unique to a location-specific population, including its age structure. As part of the modelling process, uncertainty intervals (UIs) were generated using the 2·5th and 97·5th percentiles from a 250-draw distribution for each metric. Findings are reported as counts and age-standardised rates. Methodological improvements for cause-of-death estimates in GBD 2023 include a correction for the misclassification of deaths due to COVID-19, updates to the method used to estimate COVID-19, and updates to the CODEm modelling framework. This analysis used 55 761 data sources, including vital registration and verbal autopsy data as well as data from surveys, censuses, surveillance systems, and cancer registries, among others. For GBD 2023, there were 312 new country-years of vital registration cause-of-death data, 3 country-years of surveillance data, 51 country-years of verbal autopsy data, and 144 country-years of other data types that were added to those used in previous GBD rounds. FINDINGS: The initial years of the COVID-19 pandemic caused shifts in long-standing rankings of the leading causes of global deaths: it ranked as the number one age-standardised cause of death at Level 3 of the GBD cause classification hierarchy in 2021. By 2023, COVID-19 dropped to the 20th place among the leading global causes, returning the rankings of the leading two causes to those typical across the time series (ie, ischaemic heart disease and stroke). While ischaemic heart disease and stroke persist as leading causes of death, there has been progress in reducing their age-standardised mortality rates globally. Four other leading causes have also shown large declines in global age-standardised mortality rates across the study period: diarrhoeal diseases, tuberculosis, stomach cancer, and measles. Other causes of death showed disparate patterns between sexes, notably for deaths from conflict and terrorism in some locations. A large reduction in age-standardised rates of YLLs occurred for neonatal disorders. Despite this, neonatal disorders remained the leading cause of global YLLs over the period studied, except in 2021, when COVID-19 was temporarily the leading cause. Compared to 1990, there has been a considerable reduction in total YLLs in many vaccine-preventable diseases, most notably diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus, and measles. In addition, this study quantified the mean age at death for all-cause mortality and cause-specific mortality and found noticeable variation by sex and location. The global all-cause mean age at death increased from 46·8 years (95% UI 46·6-47·0) in 1990 to 63·4 years (63·1-63·7) in 2023. For males, mean age increased from 45·4 years (45·1-45·7) to 61·2 years (60·7-61·6), and for females it increased from 48·5 years (48·1-48·8) to 65·9 years (65·5-66·3), from 1990 to 2023. The highest all-cause mean age at death in 2023 was found in the high-income super-region, where the mean age for females reached 80·9 years (80·9-81·0) and for males 74·8 years (74·8-74·9). By comparison, the lowest all-cause mean age at death occurred in sub-Saharan Africa, where it was 38·0 years (37·5-38·4) for females and 35·6 years (35·2-35·9) for males in 2023. Lastly, our study found that all-cause 70q0 decreased across each GBD super-region and region from 2000 to 2023, although with large variability between them. For females, we found that 70q0 notably increased from drug use disorders and conflict and terrorism. Leading causes that increased 70q0 for males also included drug use disorders, as well as diabetes. In sub-Saharan Africa, there was an increase in 70q0 for many non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Additionally, the mean age at death from NCDs was lower than the expected mean age at death for this super-region. By comparison, there was an increase in 70q0 for drug use disorders in the high-income super-region, which also had an observed mean age at death lower than the expected value. INTERPRETATION: We examined global mortality patterns over the past three decades, highlighting-with enhanced estimation methods-the impacts of major events such as the COVID-19 pandemic, in addition to broader trends such as increasing NCDs in low-income regions that reflect ongoing shifts in the global epidemiological transition. This study also delves into premature mortality patterns, exploring the interplay between age and causes of death and deepening our understanding of where targeted resources could be applied to further reduce preventable sources of mortality. We provide essential insights into global and regional health disparities, identifying locations in need of targeted interventions to address both communicable and non-communicable diseases. There is an ever-present need for strengthened health-care systems that are resilient to future pandemics and the shifting burden of disease, particularly among ageing populations in regions with high mortality rates. Robust estimates of causes of death are increasingly essential to inform health priorities and guide efforts toward achieving global health equity. The need for global collaboration to reduce preventable mortality is more important than ever, as shifting burdens of disease are affecting all nations, albeit at different paces and scales. FUNDING: Gates Foundation.
Burden of 375 diseases and injuries, risk-attributable burden of 88 risk factors, and healthy life expectancy in 204 countries and territories, including 660 subnational locations, 1990–2023: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023
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Stanaway, Antonina V Starodubova, Simona Cătălina Ştefan, Caroline Stein, Dan J Stein, Caitlyn Steiner, Timothy J Steiner, Jaimie D Steinmetz, Paschalis Steiropoulos, Aleksandar Stevanović, Leo Stockfelt, Lars Jacob Stovner, Kurt Straif, Peter Stubbs, Yu Su, Omer Subasi, Narayan Subedi, Claudia Kimie Suemoto, Alisha Suhag, Liang Sui, Thitiporn Sukaew, Surajo Kamilu Sulaiman, Auwal Garba Suleiman, Muritala Suleiman Odidi, Muhammad Suleman, Desy Sulistiyorini, Mark J M Sullman, Anusha Sultan Meo, Haitong Zhe Sun, Jing Sun, Mao-ling Sun, Xiaodong Sun, Zhong Sun, Zhuanlan Sun, Suraj Sundaragiri, Thanigaivel Sundaram, Johan Sundström, David Sunkersing, Sumam Sunny, Vinay Suresh, Chandan Kumar Swain, Vivianne M Swart, Dayinta Annisa Syaiful, Lukasz Szarpak, Mindy D Szeto, Sree Sudha T Y, Payam Tabaee Damavandi, Rafael Tabarés-Seisdedos, Seyed-Amir Tabatabaeizadeh, Shima Tabatabai, Celine Tabche, Ramin Tabibi, Mohammad Tabish, Jyothi Tadakamadla, Santosh Kumar Tadakamadla, Buhari Abdullahi Tafida, Farzad Taghizadeh-Hesary, Yasaman Taheri Abkenar, Moslem Taheri Soodejani, Amir Taherkhani, Jabeen Taiba, Shima Tajabadi, Iman M Talaat, Stella Talic, Byomkesh Talukder, Mircea Tampa, Jacques Lukenze Tamuzi, Jianye Tan, Ker-Kan Tan, Shynar Tanabayeva, Haosu Tang, Ekamol Tantisattamo, Ingan Ukur Tarigan, Mengistie Kassahun Tariku, Saba Tariq, Md Tariqujjaman, Nathan Y Tat, Razieh Tavakoli Oliaee, Rahele Tavakoly, Seyed Mohammad Tavangar, Mebrahtu G Tedla, Amare Teshome Tefera, Mojtaba Teimoori, Mohamad-Hani Temsah, Corey Teply, Masayuki Teramoto, Amensisa Hailu Tesfaye, Azimeraw Arega Tesfu, Jay Tewari, Alireza Teymouri, Omar Thaher, Pugazhenthan Thangaraju, Kavumpurathu Raman Thankappan, Rekha Thapar, Ismaeel Tharwat, Samar Tharwat, Hadiza Theyra-Enias, Mehakpreet Kaur Thind, Arun James Thirunavukarasu, Muthu Thiruvengadam, Rekha Thiruvengadam, Arulmani Thiyagarajan, Nihal Thomas, Geethika P Thota, Wei Tian, Jansje Henny Vera Ticoalu, Tenaw Yimer Tiruye, Madi Tleshev, Musliu Adetola Tolani, Sojit Tomo, Marcello Tonelli, Roman Topor-Madry, Ali Torkashvand, Mathilde Touvier, Marcos Roberto Tovani-Palone, Khaled Trabelsi, Eugenio Traini, Mai Thi Ngoc Tran, Nghia Minh Tran, Ngoc Ha Tran, Quynh Thuy Huong Tran, Tam Quoc Minh Tran, Thang Huu Tran, Nguyen Tran Minh Duc, Domenico Trico, Indang Trihandini, Samuel Joseph Tromans, Quynh Xuan Nguyen Truong, Thien Tan Tri Tai Truyen, Aristidis Tsatsakis, Gary Tse, Evangelia Eirini Tsermpini, Lorainne Tudor Car, Mike Tuffour Amirikah, Munkhtuya Tumurkhuu, Zhouting Tuo, Sok Cin Tye, Aniefiok John Udoakang, Atta Ullah, Himayat Ullah, Irfan Ullah, Saeed Ullah, Muhammad Umair, Krishna Kishore Umapathi, Lawan Umar, Muhammad Umar, Muhammad Umar, Shehu Salihu Umar, Andrew Underwood-Nakamura, Dinesh Upadhya, Era Upadhyay, Dipan Uppal, Daniele Urso, Jibrin Sammani Usman, Kelechi Julian Uzor, Dilber Uzun Ozsahin, Hande Uzunçıbuk, Pratyusha Vadagam, sara Vahdati, Asokan Govindaraj Vaithinathan, Omid Vakili, Alireza Vakilian, Pascual R Valdez, Mario Valenti, Gelareh Valizadeh, Jef Van den Eynde, Giloume Van Der Walt, Aaron van Donkelaar, Javad Varasteh, Ravi Prasad Varma, Priya Vart, Tommi Juhani Vasankari, Sampara Vasishta, Srivatsa Surya Vasudevan, Prabhakar Veginadu, Ashleigh S Vella, Balachandar Vellingiri, Narayanaswamy Venketasubramanian, Baskar Venkidasamy, Megan Verma, Poonam Verma, Massimiliano Veroux, Georgios-Ioannis Verras, Dominique Vervoort, Simone Vidale, Simone Villa, Jorge Hugo Villafañe, David Villarreal-Zegarra, Francesco S Violante, Sharath Chaitanya Vipparthy, Rachel Visontay, Luciano Magalhães Vitorino, Vasily Vlassov, Martin Vojtek, Stein Emil Vollset, Avina Vongpradith, Mehdi Vosoughi, Elpida Vounzoulaki, Hai Nam Vu, Linh Vu, Yasir Waheed, Mugi Wahidin, Megha Walia, Agnes Wamuyu Wamai, Jin-Yi Wan, Cong Wang, Fang Wang, Lei Wang, Liang Wang, Ruixuan Wang, Shaopan Wang, Shu Wang, Wei Wang, Xing Wang, Xuequan Wang, Yanzhong Wang, Yichen Wang, Yuan-Pang Wang, Zhihua Wang, Tanveer A Wani, Mary Njeri Wanjau, Ahmed Bilal Waqar, Muhammad Waqas, Paul Ward, Toyiba Hiyaru Wassie, Kosala Gayan Weerakoon, Ishanka Weerasekara, Fei-Long Wei, Xueying Wei, Robert G Weintraub, Daniel J Weiss, Eli J Weiss, Yi Feng Wen, Andrea Werdecker, Ronny Westerman, Joanna L Whisnant, Harvey A Whiteford, Taweewat Wiangkham, Yohanes Cakrapradipta Wibowo, Anggi Lukman Wicaksana, Dakshitha Praneeth Wickramasinghe, Nuwan Darshana Wickramasinghe, Samuel Wiebe, Angga Wilandika, Peter Willeit, Shadrach Wilson, Andrew Awuah Wireko, Gemechu Kumera Wirtu, Charles Shey Wiysonge, Abay Tadesse Woday, Marcin W Wojewodzic, Axel Walter Wolf, Tewodros Eshete Wonde, Yohannes Chemere Wondmeneh, Daniel Tarekegn Worede, Minichil Chanie Worku, Nigus Kassie Worku, Ai-Min Wu, Chenkai Wu, Felicia Wu, James Fan Wu, Jiayuan Wu, Jinyi Wu, Shi-Nan Wu, Zenghong Wu, Yihun Miskir Wubie, Yanjie Xia, Zhijia Xia, Guangqin Xiao, Hong Xiao, Na Xiao, Wanqing Xie, Hongquan Xing, Site Xu, Suowen Xu, Wanqing Xu, Xiang Xu, Xiaoyue Xu, Mukesh Kumar Yadav, Vikas Yadav, Mahnaz Yadollahi, Sajad Yaghoubi, Saba Yahoo (Syed), Galal Yahya, Kazumasa Yamagishi, Guangcan Yan, Haibo Yang, Weiguang Yang, Xinxin Yang, Yuichiro Yano, Haiqiang Yao, Laiang Yao, Amir Yarahmadi, Haya Yasin, Mohamed A Yassin, Yuichi Yasufuku, Sanni Yaya, Pengpeng Ye, Meghdad Yeganeh, Ali Cem Yekdeş, Mohammad Hossein YektaKooshali, Kuanysh A Yergaliyev, Renjulal Yesodharan, Subah Abderehim Yesuf, Saber Yezli, Siyan Yi, Muluken Yigezu, Zeamanuel Anteneh Yigzaw, Dehui Yin, Yulai Yin, Paul Yip, Malede Berihun Yismaw, Yazachew Engida Yismaw, Dong Keon Yon, Naohiro Yonemoto, Mustafa Z Younis, Abdilahi Yousuf, Chuanhua Yu, Jian Yu, Yong Yu, Faith H Yuh, Ghazala Yunus, Umar Yunusa, Aminu Abba Yusuf, Monal Yuwanati, Siddhesh Zadey, Vesna Zadnik, Mubashir Zafar, Manijeh Zaghampour, Emilia Zainal Abidin, Fathiah Zakham, Nazar Zaki, Giulia Zamagni, Burhan Abdullah Zaman, Sojib Bin Zaman, Abu Sarwar Zamani, Nelson Zamora, Aurora Zanghì, Heather J Zar, Kourosh Zarea, Mohammed Zawiah, Mohammed G M Zeariya, Abay Mulu Zenebe, Sebastian Zensen, Eyael M Zeru, Tiansong Zhan, Yongle Zhan, Beijian Zhang, Casper J P Zhang, Haijun Zhang, Jingya Zhang, Liqun Zhang, Meixin Zhang, Xiaoyi Zhang, Yunquan Zhang, Zhiqiang Zhang, Jianhui Zhao, Sheng Zhao, Zhongyi Zhao, Jinxin Zheng, Ming-Hua Zheng, Peng Zheng, Claire Chenwen Zhong, Jiayan Zhou, Juexiao Zhou, Maigeng Zhou, Bin Zhu, Zhengyang Zhu, Abzal Zhumagaliuly, Magdalena Zielińska, Liu Zihao, Ghazal Zoghi, Mohamed Ali Zoromba, Zhiyong Zou, Rafat Mohammad Zrieq, Liesl J Zuhlke, Lilik Zuhriyah, Alimuddin Zumla, Ahed H Zyoud, Sa'ed H Zyoud, Shaher H Zyoud, Michael Brauer, Theo Vos, Christopher J L Murray, Emmanuela Gakidou
Lancet, 2025
BACKGROUND: For more than three decades, the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) has provided a framework to quantify health loss due to diseases, injuries, and associated risk factors. This paper presents GBD 2023 findings on disease and injury burden and risk-attributable health loss, offering a global audit of the state of world health to inform public health priorities. This work captures the evolving landscape of health metrics across age groups, sexes, and locations, while reflecting on the remaining post-COVID-19 challenges to achieving our collective global health ambitions. METHODS: The GBD 2023 combined analysis estimated years lived with disability (YLDs), years of life lost (YLLs), and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 375 diseases and injuries, and risk-attributable burden associated with 88 modifiable risk factors. Of the more than 310 000 total data sources used for all GBD 2023 (about 30% of which were new to this estimation round), more than 120 000 sources were used for estimation of disease and injury burden and 59 000 for risk factor estimation, and included vital registration systems, surveys, disease registries, and published scientific literature. Data were analysed using previously established modelling approaches, such as disease modelling meta-regression version 2.1 (DisMod-MR 2.1) and comparative risk assessment methods. Diseases and injuries were categorised into four levels on the basis of the established GBD cause hierarchy, as were risk factors using the GBD risk hierarchy. Estimates stratified by age, sex, location, and year from 1990 to 2023 were focused on disease-specific time trends over the 2010-23 period and presented as counts (to three significant figures) and age-standardised rates per 100 000 person-years (to one decimal place). For each measure, 95% uncertainty intervals [UIs] were calculated with the 2·5th and 97·5th percentile ordered values from a 250-draw distribution. FINDINGS: Total numbers of global DALYs grew 6·1% (95% UI 4·0-8·1), from 2·64 billion (2·46-2·86) in 2010 to 2·80 billion (2·57-3·08) in 2023, but age-standardised DALY rates, which account for population growth and ageing, decreased by 12·6% (11·0-14·1), revealing large long-term health improvements. Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) contributed 1·45 billion (1·31-1·61) global DALYs in 2010, increasing to 1·80 billion (1·63-2·03) in 2023, alongside a concurrent 4·1% (1·9-6·3) reduction in age-standardised rates. Based on DALY counts, the leading level 3 NCDs in 2023 were ischaemic heart disease (193 million [176-209] DALYs), stroke (157 million [141-172]), and diabetes (90·2 million [75·2-107]), with the largest increases in age-standardised rates since 2010 occurring for anxiety disorders (62·8% [34·0-107·5]), depressive disorders (26·3% [11·6-42·9]), and diabetes (14·9% [7·5-25·6]). Remarkable health gains were made for communicable, maternal, neonatal, and nutritional (CMNN) diseases, with DALYs falling from 874 million (837-917) in 2010 to 681 million (642-736) in 2023, and a 25·8% (22·6-28·7) reduction in age-standardised DALY rates. During the COVID-19 pandemic, DALYs due to CMNN diseases rose but returned to pre-pandemic levels by 2023. From 2010 to 2023, decreases in age-standardised rates for CMNN diseases were led by rate decreases of 49·1% (32·7-61·0) for diarrhoeal diseases, 42·9% (38·0-48·0) for HIV/AIDS, and 42·2% (23·6-56·6) for tuberculosis. Neonatal disorders and lower respiratory infections remained the leading level 3 CMNN causes globally in 2023, although both showed notable rate decreases from 2010, declining by 16·5% (10·6-22·0) and 24·8% (7·4-36·7), respectively. Injury-related age-standardised DALY rates decreased by 15·6% (10·7-19·8) over the same period. Differences in burden due to NCDs, CMNN diseases, and injuries persisted across age, sex, time, and location. Based on our risk analysis, nearly 50% (1·27 billion [1·18-1·38]) of the roughly 2·80 billion total global DALYs in 2023 were attributable to the 88 risk factors analysed in GBD. Globally, the five level 3 risk factors contributing the highest proportion of risk-attributable DALYs were high systolic blood pressure (SBP), particulate matter pollution, high fasting plasma glucose (FPG), smoking, and low birthweight and short gestation-with high SBP accounting for 8·4% (6·9-10·0) of total DALYs. Of the three overarching level 1 GBD risk factor categories-behavioural, metabolic, and environmental and occupational-risk-attributable DALYs rose between 2010 and 2023 only for metabolic risks, increasing by 30·7% (24·8-37·3); however, age-standardised DALY rates attributable to metabolic risks decreased by 6·7% (2·0-11·0) over the same period. For all but three of the 25 leading level 3 risk factors, age-standardised rates dropped between 2010 and 2023-eg, declining by 54·4% (38·7-65·3) for unsafe sanitation, 50·5% (33·3-63·1) for unsafe water source, and 45·2% (25·6-72·0) for no access to handwashing facility, and by 44·9% (37·3-53·5) for child growth failure. The three leading level 3 risk factors for which age-standardised attributable DALY rates rose were high BMI (10·5% [0·1 to 20·9]), drug use (8·4% [2·6 to 15·3]), and high FPG (6·2% [-2·7 to 15·6]; non-significant). INTERPRETATION: Our findings underscore the complex and dynamic nature of global health challenges. Since 2010, there have been large decreases in burden due to CMNN diseases and many environmental and behavioural risk factors, juxtaposed with sizeable increases in DALYs attributable to metabolic risk factors and NCDs in growing and ageing populations. This long-observed consequence of the global epidemiological transition was only temporarily interrupted by the COVID-19 pandemic. The substantially decreasing CMNN disease burden, despite the 2008 global financial crisis and pandemic-related disruptions, is one of the greatest collective public health successes known. However, these achievements are at risk of being reversed due to major cuts to development assistance for health globally, the effects of which will hit low-income countries with high burden the hardest. Without sustained investment in evidence-based interventions and policies, progress could stall or reverse, leading to widespread human costs and geopolitical instability. Moreover, the rising NCD burden necessitates intensified efforts to mitigate exposure to leading risk factors-eg, air pollution, smoking, and metabolic risks, such as high SBP, BMI, and FPG-including policies that promote food security, healthier diets, physical activity, and equitable and expanded access to potential treatments, such as GLP-1 receptor agonists. Decisive, coordinated action is needed to address long-standing yet growing health challenges, including depressive and anxiety disorders. Yet this can be only part of the solution. Our response to the NCD syndemic-the complex interaction of multiple health risks, social determinants, and systemic challenges-will define the future landscape of global health. To ensure human wellbeing, economic stability, and social equity, global action to sustain and advance health gains must prioritise reducing disparities by addressing socioeconomic and demographic determinants, ensuring equitable health-care access, tackling malnutrition, strengthening health systems, and improving vaccination coverage. We live in times of great opportunity. FUNDING: Gates Foundation and Bloomberg Philanthropies.
Climatic Heat Stress Management Systems in Hong Kong’s Construction Industry: A Scoping Review
Mohammed Abdul-Rahman, Shahnawaz Anwer, Maxwell Fordjour Antwi-Afari, Mohammad Nyme Uddin, Heng Li
Buildings, 2025
Climatic heat stress in Hong Kong’s construction industry has been exacerbated by global climate change in recent times and the city has been taking proactive measures in protecting its workforce. Heat stress management systems refer to integrated frameworks, including policies, technologies, and practices, designed to monitor, mitigate, and prevent heat-related risks to workers’ health and productivity in hot environments. This scoping review investigates the existing heat stress management systems within Hong Kong’s construction industry, analyzing policies and academic research, and highlighting challenges and proposing solutions. A systematic scoping method was used to review and synthesize findings from 49 peer-reviewed articles (updated to 2025) and nine policy documents. This study highlights the interplay between research innovations like AI-driven models and wearable cooling technologies and policy frameworks. The results indicate substantial progress in Hong Kong’s drive to manage heat strain and accidents among construction workers over the years, with advancements in real-time advisory systems and protective equipment, improving worker safety and productivity. However, limited scalability, costs, socio-cultural compliance issues, gaps in addressing equity concerns among vulnerable workers, policy implementation, and other challenges persist. This review underscores the importance of building resilient systems against the escalating heat stress risks by proposing the integration of research-based technological innovation with policies and socio-organizational considerations. It contributes to providing the first updated scoping review post-2020, identifying implementation gaps (e.g., 40% non-compliance rate) and proposing a concrete action framework for future interventions. Recommendations for future research include cross-regional adaptations, cost-effective solutions for medium-sized construction enterprises, and the continuous re-evaluation and improvement of current interventions.
Occupational stress in the construction industry: a bibliometric-qualitative analysis of literature and future research directions
Dephanie Cheok Ieng Chiang, Maxwell Fordjour Antwi-Afari, Shahnawaz Anwer, Saeed Reza Mohandes, Xiao Li
International Journal of Building Pathology and Adaptation, 2025
PurposeGiven the growing concern about employees' well-being, numerous researchers have investigated the causes and effects of occupational stress. However, a review study on identifying existing research topics and gaps is still deficient in the extant literature. To fill this gap, this review study aims to present a bibliometric and science mapping approach to review the state-of-the-art journal articles published on occupational stress in the construction industry.Design/methodology/approachA three-fold comprehensive review approach consisting of bibliometric review, scientometric analysis and in-depth qualitative discussion was employed to review 80 journal articles in Scopus.FindingsThrough qualitative discussions, mainstream research topics were summarized, research gaps were identified and future research directions were proposed as follows: versatile stressors and stress model; an extended subgroup of factors in safety behavior; adaptation of multiple biosensors and bio-feedbacks; evaluation and comparison of organizational stress interventions; and incorporation of artificial intelligence and smart technologies into occupational stress management in construction.Originality/valueThe findings of this review study present a well-rounded framework to identify the research gaps in this field to advance research in the academic community and enhance employees' well-being in construction.
Deep learning-based fatigue monitoring of construction workers using physiological signals
Waleed Umer, Imran Mehmood, Yazan Qarout, Maxwell Fordjour Antwi-Afari, Shahnawaz Anwer
Automation in Construction, 2025
A state-of-the-art review of digital twin-enabled human-robot collaboration in smart energy management systems
Shichang FU, Maxwell Fordjour ANTWI-AFARI, Shahnawaz ANWER, Zhen-Song CHEN, Heng LI
Results in Engineering, 2025
The Interplay Between Sleep and Safety Outcomes in the Workplace: A Scoping Review and Bibliographic Analysis of the Literature
Janet Mayowa Nwaogu, Albert P. C. Chan, John A. Naslund, Shahnawaz Anwer
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2025
Cancer Rehabilitation in the Era of Targeted Chemotherapy and Personalized Immunotherapy
Rabia Aziz, Firdaus Jawed, Sumbul Ansari, Shahnawaz Anwar, Sohrab Ahmad Khan
Targeted Chemotherapy with Personalized Immunotherapy an AI Approach, 2025
Advancements in Neuroimaging Techniques in Encephalopathy
Firdaus Jawed, Rabia Aziz, Sohrab Ahmad Khan, Sumbul Ansari, Shahnawaz Anwer
Computational Intelligence Algorithms for the Diagnosis of Neurological Disorders, 2025
Data Privacy and Ethical Challenges in AI-Driven Cancer Care
Firdaus Jawed, Rabia Aziz, Sumbul Ansari, Shahnawaz Anwar, Sohrab Ahmad Khan
Targeted Chemotherapy with Personalized Immunotherapy an AI Approach, 2025
Self-powered wearable Internet of Things sensors for human-machine interfaces: A systematic literature review and science mapping analysis
Qihan Jiang, Maxwell Fordjour Antwi-Afari, Sina Fadaie, Hao-Yang Mi, Shahnawaz Anwer, Jie Liu
Nano Energy, 2024
Artificial Intelligence in Net-Zero Carbon Emissions for Sustainable Building Projects: A Systematic Literature and Science Mapping Review
Yanxue Li, Maxwell Fordjour Antwi-Afari, Shahnawaz Anwer, Imran Mehmood, Waleed Umer, Saeed Reza Mohandes, Ibrahim Yahaya Wuni, Mohammed Abdul-Rahman, Heng Li
Buildings, 2024
Non-invasive detection of mental fatigue in construction equipment operators through geometric measurements of facial features
Imran Mehmood, Heng Li, Waleed Umer, Jie Ma, Muhammad Saad Shakeel, Shahnawaz Anwer, Maxwell Fordjour Antwi-Afari, Salman Tariq, Haitao Wu
Journal of Safety Research, 2024
BUILDING INFORMATION MODELLING-BASED DIGITAL TWIN APPLICATIONS IN CONSTRUCTION SAFETY MANAGEMENT: A REVIEW
Association of Researchers in Construction Management Arcom 2024 Proceedings of the 40th Annual Conference, 2024
Evaluation of sweat-based biomarkers using wearable biosensors for monitoring stress and fatigue: a systematic review
Ma Jie, Heng Li, Shahnawaz Anwer, Waleed Umer, Maxwell Fordjour Antwi-Afari, Eric Bo Xiao
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 2024
Evaluation of Data Processing and Artifact Removal Approaches Used for Physiological Signals Captured Using Wearable Sensing Devices during Construction Tasks
Shahnawaz Anwer, Heng Li, Maxwell Fordjour Antwi-Afari, Aquil Maud Mirza, Mohammed Abdul Rahman, Imran Mehmood, Runhao Guo, Arnold Yu Lok Wong
Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 2024
Critical success factors for implementing blockchain technology in construction
Weihao Sun, Maxwell Fordjour Antwi-Afari, Imran Mehmood, Shahnawaz Anwer, Waleed Umer
Automation in Construction, 2023
Towards automated physical fatigue monitoring and prediction among construction workers using physiological signals: An on-site study
Waleed Umer, Yantao Yu, Maxwell Fordjour Antwi Afari, Shahnawaz Anwer, Arshad Jamal
Safety Science, 2023
Multimodal integration for data-driven classification of mental fatigue during construction equipment operations: Incorporating electroencephalography, electrodermal activity, and video signals
Imran Mehmood, Heng Li, Waleed Umer, Aamir Arsalan, Shahnawaz Anwer, Mohammed Aquil Mirza, Jie Ma, Maxwell Fordjour Antwi-Afari
Developments in the Built Environment, 2023
Sweat Analysis-Based Fatigue Monitoring during Construction Rebar Bending Tasks
Jie Ma, Heng Li, Xinge Yu, Xin Fang, Bo Fang, Zeyu Zhao, Xingcan Huang, Shahnawaz Anwer, Xuejiao Xing
Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 2023
Mechanisms of action of therapeutic exercise for knee and hip OA remain a black box phenomenon: An individual patient data mediation study with the OA Trial Bank
Jos Runhaar, Melanie A Holden, Miriam Hattle, Jonathan Quicke, Emma Louise Healey, Danielle van der Windt, Krysia S Dziedzic, Marienke van Middelkoop, Sita Bierma-Zeinstra, Nadine E Foster, and
Rmd Open, 2023
Identification and Classification of Physical Fatigue in Construction Workers Using Linear and Nonlinear Heart Rate Variability Measurements
Shahnawaz Anwer, Heng Li, Waleed Umer, Maxwell Fordjour Antwi-Afari, Imran Mehmood, Yantao Yu, Carl Haas, Arnold Yu Lok Wong
Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 2023
Fatigue assessment of construction equipment operators using a sweat lactate biosensor
Jie Ma, Heng Li, Xingcan Huang, Bo Fang, Zeyu Zhao, Imran Mehmood, Yiming Liu, Guo Zhang, Xin Fang, Mehrdad Arashpour, Shahnawaz Anwer
International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 2023
Moderators of the effect of therapeutic exercise for knee and hip osteoarthritis: a systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis
Melanie A Holden, Miriam Hattle, Jos Runhaar, Richard D Riley, Emma L Healey, Jonathan Quicke, Danielle A van der Windt, Krysia Dziedzic, Marienke van Middelkoop, Danielle Burke, Nadia Corp, Amardeep Legha, Sita Bierma-Zeinstra, Nadine E Foster, Jenny Brown, Carol Ingram, Sheila Hickson, Robert Taylor, Christine Walker, J Haxby Abbott, Kelli Allen, Kim Bennell, Daniel Bossen, Kanda Chaipinyo, Tom Cochrane, Mariëtte de Rooij, May Arna Risberg, G Kelley Fitzgerald, Helen French, Leigh Hale, Marius Henriksen, Rana S Hinman, Marijke Hopman-Rock, Michael Hurley, Justin Keogh, Cindy Veenhof, Jesper Knoop, Inga Krauss, Pazit Levinger, Christopher McCarthy, Stephen P Messier, Ari Heinonen, Havard Osteras, Shahnawaz Anwer, Ana Cristina R Lacerda, Shankar Ganesh, Benjamin Steinhilber, Yusuke Suzuki, Michael A Hunt, Laura Talbot, Carolien Teirlinck, Michael Doherty, Pao-Feng Tsai, Jason A Wallis, Merve Yilmaz Menek
Lancet Rheumatology, 2023
Effects of Using a Shoulder/Scapular Brace on the Posture and Muscle Activity of Healthy University Students during Prolonged Typing—A Randomized Controlled Cross-Over Trial
Melissa Leung, Mandy M. P. Kan, Hugo M. H. Cheng, Diana E. De Carvalho, Shahnawaz Anwer, Heng Li, Arnold Y. L. Wong
Healthcare Switzerland, 2023
A science mapping-based review of work-related musculoskeletal disorders among construction workers
Maxwell Fordjour Antwi-Afari, Heng Li, Alan Hoi Shou Chan, JoonOh Seo, Shahnawaz Anwer, Hao-Yang Mi, Zezhou Wu, Arnold Yu Lok Wong
Journal of Safety Research, 2023
Deep learning-based construction equipment operators’ mental fatigue classification using wearable EEG sensor data
Imran Mehmood, Heng Li, Yazan Qarout, Waleed Umer, Shahnawaz Anwer, Haitao Wu, Mudasir Hussain, Maxwell Fordjour Antwi-Afari
Advanced Engineering Informatics, 2023
Challenges, Concerns, and Experiences of Community-Dwelling Older Women with Chronic Low Back Pain—A Qualitative Study in Hong Kong, China
Tiffany H. T. Wong, Kaden S. K. Lee, Sharon M. C. Lo, Mandy M. P. Kan, Crystal Kwan, Emmanuelle Opsommer, Shahnawaz Anwer, Heng Li, Arnold Y. L. Wong, Veronika Schoeb
Healthcare Switzerland, 2023
A Composite Resilience Index (CRI) for Developing Resilience and Sustainability in University Towns
Mohammed Abdul-Rahman, Wale Alade, Shahnawaz Anwer
Sustainability Switzerland, 2023
Development and evaluation of a low-cost passive wearable exoskeleton system for improving safety and health performance of construction workers: A pilot study
Shahnawaz Anwer, Heng Li, Mohammed Abdul-Rahman, Maxwell Fordjour Antwi-Afari
Proceedings of the International Symposium on Automation and Robotics in Construction, 2023
Biomechanical principles of exercise prescription in knee rehabilitation
Shahnawaz Anwer, Heng Li, Dilshad Anwar, Arnold Yu Lok Wong
Cartilage Tissue and Knee Joint Biomechanics Fundamentals Characterization and Modelling, 2023
Machine learning-based recognition of mental fatigue in construction equipment operators using facial features.
International Conference on Construction in the 21st Century, 2023
Machine learning-based identification and classification of physical fatigue levels: A novel method based on a wearable insole device
Maxwell Fordjour Antwi-Afari, Shahnawaz Anwer, Waleed Umer, Hao-Yang Mi, Yantao Yu, Sungkon Moon, Md. Uzzal Hossain
International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 2023
Effects of plyometric and whole-body vibration on physical performance in collegiate basketball players: a crossover randomized trial
Pratyakshi Munshi, Moazzam Hussain Khan, Nitin Kumar Arora, Shibili Nuhmani, Shahnawaz Anwer, Heng Li, Ahmad H. Alghadir
Scientific Reports, 2022
Effects of load carrying techniques on gait parameters, dynamic balance, and physiological parameters during a manual material handling task
Shahnawaz Anwer, Heng Li, Maxwell Fordjour Antwi-Afari, Waleed Umer, Imran Mehmood, Arnold Yu Lok Wong
Engineering Construction and Architectural Management, 2022
Validity of facial features’ geometric measurements for real-time assessment of mental fatigue in construction equipment operators
Imran Mehmood, Heng Li, Waleed Umer, Aamir Arsalan, M. Saad Shakeel, Shahnawaz Anwer
Advanced Engineering Informatics, 2022
Effect of static and dynamic jaw positions on postural stability among people with blindness
Ahmad H. Alghadir, Hamayun Zafar, Zaheen Ahmed Iqbal, Shahnawaz Anwer, Amir Iqbal
Brain and Behavior, 2022
Deep learning-based networks for automated recognition and classification of awkward working postures in construction using wearable insole sensor data
Maxwell Fordjour Antwi-Afari, Yazan Qarout, Randa Herzallah, Shahnawaz Anwer, Waleed Umer, Yongcheng Zhang, Patrick Manu
Automation in Construction, 2022
Efficacy of Patellar Taping and Electromyographic Biofeedback Training at Various Knee Angles on Quadriceps Strength and Functional Performance in Young Adult Male Athletes with Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Shahnaz Hasan, Asma Alonazi, Shahnawaz Anwer, Azfar Jamal, Suhel Parvez, Faiz Abdulaziz Saleh Alfaiz, Heng Li
Pain Research and Management, 2022
Associations between vitamin E, oxidative stress markers, total homocysteine levels, and physical activity or cognitive capacity in older adults
Ahmad H. Alghadir, Sami A. Gabr, Shahnawaz Anwer, Heng Li
Scientific Reports, 2021
Test-retest reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a textile-based wearable sensor for real-time assessment of physical fatigue in construction bar-benders
Shahnawaz Anwer, Heng Li, Maxwell Fordjour Antwi-Afari, Waleed Umer, Imran Mehmood, Mohamed Al-Hussein, Arnold Yu Lok Wong
Journal of Building Engineering, 2021
Effects of task complexity or rate of motor imagery on motor learning in healthy young adults
Nargis Heena, Nayeem U. Zia, Stuti Sehgal, Shahnawaz Anwer, Ahmad Alghadir, Heng Li
Brain and Behavior, 2021
Assessment of a passive exoskeleton system on spinal biomechanics and subjective responses during manual repetitive handling tasks among construction workers
Maxwell Fordjour Antwi-Afari, Heng Li, Shahnawaz Anwer, Dawei Li, Yi Yu, Hao-Yang Mi, Ibrahim Yahaya Wuni
Safety Science, 2021
Associations between physical or psychosocial risk factors and work-related musculoskeletal disorders in construction workers based on literature in the last 20 years: A systematic review
Shahnawaz Anwer, Heng Li, Maxwell Fordjour Antwi-Afari, Arnold Yu Lok Wong
International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 2021
Evaluation of Physiological Metrics as Real-Time Measurement of Physical Fatigue in Construction Workers: State-of-the-Art Review
Shahnawaz Anwer, Heng Li, Maxwell Fordjour Antwi-Afari, Waleed Umer, Arnold Yu Lok Wong
Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 2021
Efficacy of electromyographic-biofeedback supplementation training with patellar taping on quadriceps strengthening in patellofemoral pain syndrome among young adult male athletes
Asma Alonazi, Shahnaz Hasan, Shahnawaz Anwer, Azfar Jamal, Suhel Parvez, Faiz Abdulaziz Saleh Alfaiz, Heng Li
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2021
Efficacy of Deep Cervical Flexor Muscle Training on Neck Pain, Functional Disability, and Muscle Endurance in School Teachers: A Clinical Trial
Zaheen A. Iqbal, Ahmad H. Alghadir, Shahnawaz Anwer
Biomed Research International, 2021
Internal consistency, test–retest reliability, and construct validity of the adapted Arabic version of the Oxford shoulder score in patients with shoulder disorders
Hisham Abdulaziz Alsanawi, Ahmad H. Alghadir, Shahnawaz Anwer, Hind Abdulsalam Alenazi, Heng Li
Disability and Rehabilitation, 2021
Energy efficient behavioural trends in residential sectors for low-income cultural background: A case-study of slums in Chittagong, Bangladesh
Proceedings of the 37th Annual Arcom Conference Arcom 2021, 2021
Intermanual transfer effects on performance gain following dominant hand training in community-dwelling healthy adults: A preliminary study
Rashid Ali Beg, Mohammad Abu Shaphe, Mohammed Qasheesh, Fuzail Ahmad, Shahnawaz Anwer, Ahmad H Alghadir
Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare, 2021
Evaluation of sleep habits, generalized anxiety, perceived stress, and research outputs among postgraduate research students in hong kong during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic
Shahnawaz Anwer, Heng Li, Maxwell Fordjour Antwi-Afari, Mohammad Abu Shaphe, Ahmad Alghadir, Arnold YL Wong
Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare, 2021
Effects of TheraBand and Theratube Eccentric Exercises on Quadriceps Muscle Strength and Muscle Mass in Young Adults
Shahnawaz Anwer, Shayista I. Jeelani, Sohrab Ahmad Khan, Nishat Quddus, Sumit Kalra, Ahmad H. Alghadir
Biomed Research International, 2021
Psychometric properties of the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 Scale in Ethiopian university students
Md. Dilshad Manzar, Mohammed Salahuddin, Ahmad Alghadir, Shahnawaz Anwer, Sony Peter, Ahmed S. Bahammam, Seithikurippu R. Pandi-Perumal
Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic, 2021
Psychometric properties of the general anxiety disorders-7 scale using categorical data methods: A study in a sample of university attending ethiopian young adults
Md Dilshad Manzar, Ahmad H Alghadir, Shahnawaz Anwer, Mazen Alqahtani, Mohammed Salahuddin, Habtamu Acho Addo, Wakuma Wakene Jifar, Nofaa Ali Alasmee
Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, 2021
Quantifying workers’ gait patterns to identify safety hazards in construction using a wearable insole pressure system
Maxwell Fordjour Antwi-Afari, Heng Li, Shahnawaz Anwer, Sitsofe Kwame Yevu, Zezhou Wu, Prince Antwi-Afari, Inhan Kim
Safety Science, 2020
Cardiorespiratory and thermoregulatory parameters are good surrogates for measuring physical fatigue during a simulated construction task
Shahnawaz Anwer, Heng Li, Maxwell Fordjour Antwi-Afari, Waleed Umer, Arnold Y. L. Wong
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2020
Incidence, prevalence, and risk factors of hemiplegic shoulder pain: A systematic review
Shahnawaz Anwer, Ahmad Alghadir
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2020
Comparison of simultaneous bilateral versus unilateral total knee replacement on pain levels and functional recovery
Ahmad H. Alghadir, Zaheen A. Iqbal, Shahnawaz Anwer, Dilshad Anwar
BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders, 2020
Physical exertion modeling for construction tasks using combined cardiorespiratory and thermoregulatory measures
Waleed Umer, Heng Li, Yu Yantao, Maxwell Fordjour Antwi-Afari, Shahnawaz Anwer, Xiaochun Luo
Automation in Construction, 2020
Psychometric analysis of the perceived stress scale among healthy university students
Shahnawaz Anwer, Md Dilshad Manzar, Ahmad H Alghadir, Mohammed Salahuddin, Unaise Abdul Hameed
Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, 2020
Psychometric properties of the generalized anxiety disorder scale among saudi university male students
Ahmad Alghadir, Md. Dilshad Manzar, Shahnawaz Anwer, Abdulrhman Albougami, Mohammed Salahuddin
Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, 2020
Efficacy of Combination Therapies on Neck Pain and Muscle Tenderness in Male Patients with Upper Trapezius Active Myofascial Trigger Points
Ahmad H. Alghadir, Amir Iqbal, Shahnawaz Anwer, Zaheen A. Iqbal, Hashim Ahmed
Biomed Research International, 2020
Influence of different jaw positions on dynamic balance using Y-balance test
Hamayun Zafar, Ahmad H. Alghadir, Zaheen Ahmed Iqbal, Amir Iqbal, Shahnawaz Anwer, Ali H. Alnahdi
Brain and Behavior, 2020
Validity and reliability of a wearable insole pressure system for measuring gait parameters to identify safety hazards in construction
Maxwell Fordjour Antwi-Afari, Heng Li, JoonOh Seo, Shahnawaz Anwer, Sitsofe Kwame Yevu, Zezhou Wu
Engineering Construction and Architectural Management, 2020
Knowledge, attitude and implementation of evidence-based practice among physiotherapists working in the kingdom of saudi arabia: A cross-sectional survey
Fatmah Hasani, Joy C. MacDermid, Ada Tang, Michelle Kho, Ahmad H. Alghadir, Shahnawaz Anwer
Healthcare Switzerland, 2020
Performance of the arabic population on the adolescent-adult sensory profile: An observational study
Fidaa Almomani, Ahmad Alghadir, Murad Al-Momani, Sami Alharethy, Alham Al-Sharman, Ro'ya Al Dibi'i, Shahnawaz Anwer
Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, 2020
Effects of selective strengthening of tibialis posterior and stretching of iliopsoas on navicular drop, dynamic balance, and lower limb muscle activity in pronated feet: A randomized clinical trial
Farhan Alam, Shahid Raza, Jamal Ali Moiz, Pooja Bhati, Shahnawaz Anwer, Ahmad Alghadir
Physician and Sportsmedicine, 2019
Effect of 6-week retro or forward walking program on pain, functional disability, quadriceps muscle strength, and performance in individuals with knee osteoarthritis: A randomized controlled trial (retro-walking trial)
Ahmad H. Alghadir, Shahnawaz Anwer, Bibhuti Sarkar, Ashis K. Paul, Dilshad Anwar
BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders, 2019
Psychometric properties of the perceived stress scale in Ethiopian university students
Md Dilshad Manzar, Mohammed Salahuddin, Sony Peter, Ahmad Alghadir, Shahnawaz Anwer, Ahmed S. Bahammam, Seithikurippu R. Pandi-Perumal
BMC Public Health, 2019
Effect of Different Body Postures on the Severity of Stuttering in Young Adults with Developmental Stuttering
Abdulaziz Almudhi, Hamayun Zafar, Shahnawaz Anwer, Ahmad Alghadir
Biomed Research International, 2019
Psychometric analysis of the sleep hygiene index and correlation with stress and anxiety among Saudi University students
Shahnawaz Anwer, Ahmad Alghadir, Md Dilshad Manzar, Majumi M Noohu, Salahuddin Mohammed, Heng Li
Nature and Science of Sleep, 2019
Comparison of diabetes risk estimate in the cities of Riyadh and Amman
Alia A. Alghwiri, Ahmad Alghadir, Hamzeh Awad, Shahnawaz Anwer
Medicine United States, 2018
Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of three scales for measuring balance in patients with chronic stroke
Ahmad H. Alghadir, Einas S. Al-Eisa, Shahnawaz Anwer, Bibhuti Sarkar
BMC Neurology, 2018
Effects of orthopaedic manual therapy in knee osteoarthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Shahnawaz Anwer, Ahmad Alghadir, Hamayun Zafar, Jean-Michel Brismée
Physiotherapy United Kingdom, 2018
Effects of vestibular rehabilitation in the management of a vestibular migraine: A review
Ahmad H. Alghadir, Shahnawaz Anwer
Frontiers in Neurology, 2018
Effect of quadriceps and calf muscles fatigue on standing balance in healthy young adult males
Journal of Musculoskeletal Neuronal Interactions, 2018
A dose-response study of aerobic training for oxygen uptake, oxidative stress and cardiac autonomic function in type 2 diabetes mellitus: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Shalini Verma, Jamal Ali Moiz, Shahnawaz Anwer, Ahmad H. Alghadir, Mohammed Ejaz Hussain
Trials, 2018
Test-retest reliability, validity, and minimum detectable change of visual analog, numerical rating, and verbal rating scales for measurement of osteoarthritic knee pain
Ahmad Alghadir, Shahnawaz Anwer, Amir Iqbal, Zaheen Iqbal
Journal of Pain Research, 2018
Validation of the adapted Leeds sleep evaluation questionnaire in Ethiopian university students
Md. Dilshad Manzar, Mohammed Salahuddin, Tarekegn Tesfaye Maru, Ahmad Alghadir, Shahnawaz Anwer, Ahmed S. Bahammam, Seithikurippu R. Pandi-Perumal
Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 2018
Effect of footwear on standing balance in healthy young adult males
Journal of Musculoskeletal Neuronal Interactions, 2018
Effect of localised vibration on muscle strength in healthy adults: a systematic review
A.H. Alghadir, S. Anwer, H. Zafar, Z.A. Iqbal
Physiotherapy United Kingdom, 2018
Effects of Head-Neck Positions on the Hand Grip Strength in Healthy Young Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study
Hamayun Zafar, Ahmad Alghadir, Shahnawaz Anwer
Biomed Research International, 2018
The relationships between shoulder pain, range of motion, and disability in patients with shoulder dysfunction
Shahnawaz Anwer, Ahmad H. Alghadir, Einas S. Al-Eisa, Zaheen Ahmad Iqbal
Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, 2018
Effect of Upright and Slouched Sitting Postures on the Respiratory Muscle Strength in Healthy Young Males
Ali Albarrati, Hamayun Zafar, Ahmad H. Alghadir, Shahnwaz Anwer
Biomed Research International, 2018
Postactivation Potentiation Following Acute Bouts of Plyometric versus Heavy-Resistance Exercise in Collegiate Soccer Players
Sourabh Kumar Sharma, Shahid Raza, Jamal Ali Moiz, Shalini Verma, Irshad Husain Naqvi, Shahnawaz Anwer, Ahmad H. Alghadir
Biomed Research International, 2018
Implementation and use of standardized outcome measures by physical therapists in Saudi Arabia: Barriers, facilitators and perceptions
Tahani N. Al-Muqiren, Einas S. Al-Eisa, Ahmad H. Alghadir, Shahnawaz Anwer
BMC Health Services Research, 2017
Preconditioning by light-load eccentric exercise is equally effective as low-level laser therapy in attenuating exercise-induced muscle damage in collegiate men
Samar Nausheen, Jamal Ali Moiz, Shahid Raza, Mohammed Yakub Shareef, Shahnawaz Anwer, Ahmad Alghadir
Journal of Pain Research, 2017
Effect of quadriceps and hamstrings muscle cooling on standing balance in healthy young men
Journal of Musculoskeletal Neuronal Interactions, 2017
Cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric analysis of the Arabic version of the oxford knee score in adult male with knee osteoarthritis
Ahmad H. Alghadir, Einas S. Al-Eisa, Shahnawaz Anwer
BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders, 2017
Activities-specific balance confidence scale for predicting future falls in Indian older adults
Jamal Moiz, Vishal Bansal, Majumi Noohu, Shailendra Nath Gaur, M Ejaz Hussain, Shahnawaz Anwer, Ahmad Alghadir
Clinical Interventions in Aging, 2017
Effect of Physiotherapy on Pain and Recovery of Physical Function after Total Knee Arthroplasty: One Month Follow-up
A. Alghadir, Z. Iqbal, S. Anwer
Physikalische Medizin Rehabilitationsmedizin Kurortmedizin, 2016
Effects of two different mobilization techniques on pain, range of motion and functional disability in patients with adhesive capsulitis: A comparative study
Surabhi Agarwal, Shahid Raza, Jamal Ali Moiz, Shahnawaz Anwer, Ahmad H. Alghadir
Journal of Physical Therapy Science, 2016
The psychometric properties of an Arabic numeric pain rating scale for measuring osteoarthritis knee pain
Ahmad H. Alghadir, Shahnawaz Anwer, Zaheen Ahmed Iqbal
Disability and Rehabilitation, 2016
Test-Retest Reliability of Beurer Glass Diagnostic Scale for Measuring Body Mass Index
A. Alghadir, S. Anwer, E. Al-Eisa
Physikalische Medizin Rehabilitationsmedizin Kurortmedizin, 2016
Physical and balance performance following exercise induced muscle damage in male soccer players
Muzaffar Ahmad Khan, Jamal Ali Moiz, Shahid Raza, Shalini Verma, M.Y. Shareef, Shahnawaz Anwer, Ahmad Alghadir
Journal of Physical Therapy Science, 2016
Comparison of the combined effects of hip and knee muscle strengthening vsknee muscle strengthening alone on pain, function and gait parameters in knee osteoarthritis
A. Paul, S. Anwer, S. Rau, A. Alghadir
Physikalische Medizin Rehabilitationsmedizin Kurortmedizin, 2016
Effect of whole body vibration training on quadriceps muscle strength in individuals with knee osteoarthritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Shahnawaz Anwer, Ahmad Alghadir, Hamayun Zafar, Einas Al-Eisa
Physiotherapy United Kingdom, 2016
Effect of Trunk Stabilization Exercises using a Gym Ball with or without Electromyography-Biofeedback in Patients with Chronic Low Back Pain: An Experimental Study
H. Ahmed, Md. Shaphe, A. Iqbal, A. Khan, S. Anwer
Physikalische Medizin Rehabilitationsmedizin Kurortmedizin, 2016
Effect of retro and forward walking on quadriceps muscle strength, pain, function, and mobility in patients with knee osteoarthritis: A protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Ahmad Alghadir, Shahnawaz Anwer
BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders, 2016
Effect of absence of vision on posture
Abdullah Z. Alotaibi, Ahmad Alghadir, Zaheen A. Iqbal, Shahnawaz Anwer
Journal of Physical Therapy Science, 2016
The perceptions and readiness toward interprofessional education among female undergraduate health-care students at King Saud University
Einas Al-Eisa, Asma Alderaa, Arwa AlSayyad, Fatimah AlHosawi, Shahad AlAmoudi, Sara AlTaib, Sara Mahmoud, Tarfah AlGhanim, Ahmad Alghadir, Shahnawaz Anwer
Journal of Physical Therapy Science, 2016
Cross-cultural adaptation, reliability and validity of the Arabic version of the reduced Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis index in patients with knee osteoarthritis
Ahmad Alghadir, Shahnawaz Anwer, Zaheen Ahmed Iqbal, Hisham Abdulaziz Alsanawi
Disability and Rehabilitation, 2016
Recent Evidence About the Effectiveness of Vestibular Rehabilitation
Susan L. Whitney, Ahmad H. Alghadir, Shahnawaz Anwer
Current Treatment Options in Neurology, 2016
Fatigue and oxidative stress response to physical activity in type 2 diabetic patients
Ahmad H. Alghadir, Sami A. Gabr, Shahnawaz Anwer, Einas Al-Eisa
International Journal of Diabetes in Developing Countries, 2016
Effect of Home Exercise Program in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Shahnawaz Anwer, Ahmad Alghadir, Jean-Michel Brismée
Journal of Geriatric Physical Therapy, 2016
Ten-year diabetes risk forecast in the capital of Jordan arab diabetes risk assessment questionnaire perspective-a strobe-complaint article
Ahmad Alghadir, Alia A. Alghwiri, Hamzeh Awad, Shahnawaz Anwer
Medicine United States, 2016
Effect of motivation by "instagram" on adherence to physical activity among female college students
Einas Al-Eisa, Asma Al-Rushud, Ahmad Alghadir, Shahnawaz Anwer, Bashayer Al-Harbi, Noha Al-Sughaier, Noha Al-Yoseef, Reem Al-Otaibi, Hanadi Ali Al-Muhaysin
Biomed Research International, 2016
Cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric properties of an Arabic version of the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index
Hisham A. Alsanawi, Ahmad Alghadir, Shahnawaz Anwer, Kathryn E. Roach, Alia Alawaji
International Journal of Rehabilitation Research, 2015
Effect of galvanic skin resistance-aided biofeedback training in reducing the pulse rate, respiratory rate, and blood pressure due to perceived stress in physiotherapy students
Tushar J. Palekar, Madhav G. Mokashi, Shahnawaz Anwer, Arjun L. Kakrani, Shilpa D. Khandare, Ahmad H. Alghadir
Turkiye Fiziksel Tip Ve Rehabilitasyon Dergisi, 2015
Therapeutic Effects of Whole-Body Vibration Training in Knee Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Hamayun Zafar, Ahmad Alghadir, Shahnawaz Anwer, Einas Al-Eisa
Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 2015
The reliability and minimal detectable change of Timed Up and Go test in individuals with grade 1 - 3 knee osteoarthritis
Ahmad Alghadir, Shahnawaz Anwer, Jean-Michel Brismée
BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders, 2015
The development and validation of hundred paisa pain scale for measuring musculoskeletal pain: A prospective observational study
Ahmad Alghadir, Shahnawaz Anwer, Dilshad Anwar, M. Nezamuddin
Medicine United States, 2015
Physical therapy education in Saudi Arabia
Ahmad Alghadir, Hamayun Zafar, Zaheen Ahmed Iqbal, Shahnawaz Anwer
Journal of Physical Therapy Science, 2015
Prevalence of musculoskeletal pain in construction workers in Saudi Arabia
Ahmad Alghadir, Shahnawaz Anwer
Scientific World Journal, 2015
Effect of modified hold-relax stretching and static stretching on hamstring muscle flexibility
Hashim Ahmed, Amir Iqbal, Shahnawaz Anwer, Ahmad Alghadir
Journal of Physical Therapy Science, 2015
Physical therapy education in Saudi Arabia
Journal of Physical Therapy Science, 2015
Effects of Exercise on Spinal Deformities and Quality of Life in Patients with Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis
Shahnawaz Anwer, Ahmad Alghadir, Md. Abu Shaphe, Dilshad Anwar
Biomed Research International, 2015
Effect of isometric quadriceps exercise on muscle strength, pain, and function in patients with knee osteoarthritis: A randomized controlled study
Shahnawaz Anwer, Ahmad Alghadir
Journal of Physical Therapy Science, 2014
Efficacy of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation techniques versus traditional prosthetic training for improving ambulatory function in transtibial amputees
Pallavi Sahay, Santosh Kr. Prasad, Shahnawaz Anwer, P.K. Lenka, Ratnesh Kumar
Hong Kong Physiotherapy Journal, 2014
Reliability of an assessment of deep neck flexor muscle endurance test: A cross-sectional study
Jai Prakash Painkra, Suraj Kumar, Shahnawaz Anwer, Ratnesh Kumar, Mohammad Nezamuddin, Ameed Equebal
International Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation, 2014
Effect of locomotor training on motor recovery and walking ability in patients with incomplete spinal cord injury: A case series
Shahnawaz Anwer, Ameed Equebal, Tushar J Palekar, M Nezamuddin, Osama Neyaz, Ahmad Alghadir
Journal of Physical Therapy Science, 2014
Effect of foot position during sit-to-stand training on balance and upright mobility in patients with chronic stroke
Rabbani Farqalit, Anwer Shahnawaz
Hong Kong Physiotherapy Journal, 2013
Efficacy of pressure-biofeedback guided deep cervical flexor training on neck pain and muscle performance in visual display terminal operators
Md. Nezamuddin, Shahnawaz Anwer, Sohrab Ahmad Khan, Ameed Equebal
Journal of Musculoskeletal Research, 2013
Effect of gender on strength gains after isometric exercise coupled with electromyographic biofeedback in knee osteoarthritis: A preliminary study
S. Anwer, A. Equebal, M. Nezamuddin, R. Kumar, P.K. Lenka
Annals of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, 2013
Efficacy of low-energy extracorporeal shockwave therapy and a supervised clinical exercise protocol for the treatment of chronic lateral epicondylitis: A randomised controlled study
Bibhuti Sarkar, Pooja Ghosh Das, Ameed Equebal, Puspal Kumar Mitra, Ratnesh Kumar, Shahnawaz Anwer
Hong Kong Physiotherapy Journal, 2013
The prevalence and impact of age and gender on rehabilitation outcomes in spinal cord injury in India: A retrospective pilot study
A Equebal, S Anwer, R Kumar
Spinal Cord, 2013
Effect of closed kinematic chain exercises in improving gait and function in cerebral palsy: A case report
Shahnawaz Anwer, Ameed Equebal, Ratnesh Kumar, Md. Nezamuddin
International Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation, 2012
Effectiveness of electromyographic biofeedback training on quadriceps muscle strength in osteoarthritis of knee
Shahnawaz Anwer, Nishat Quddus, Mohammad Miraj, Ameed Equebal
Hong Kong Physiotherapy Journal, 2011

Dr. Shahnawaz Anwer

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