Faculty of Civil Engineering Faculty of Civil Engineering, Ton Duc Thang University, No. 19 Nguyen Huu Tho Street, Tan Phong Ward, District 7, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
Hyperparameter-tuned Light Gradient Boosting Machine model for predicting breaking wave height Khiem Quang Tran, Nga Quynh Nguyen Tra, Linh Hoang Tran, Loc Xuan Luu, Nga Thanh Duong Coastal Engineering Journal, 2026 This study proposes a new model using Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LightGBM) to predict breaking wave height based on input wave parameters. To determine optimal hyperparameter, Optuna is employed and conducts 100 independent runs with 10-fold cross-validation. Additionally, SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) analysis is applied to investigate behavior of model. Results show that LightGBM model optimized with Optuna shows excellent performance for estimating breaker height. Root mean square error of model is 1.861 cm (for training dataset) and 3.518 cm (for testing dataset). Coefficients of determination are also high with 0.998 and 0.992 for training and testing datasets, respectively. This accuracy is remarkably higher than previous existing breaking wave height models. Besides, SHAP analysis highlights that deep-water wave height and water depth have the greatest impact on breaker height prediction. The results demonstrate that combination of Optuna and LightGBM enhances robustness and generalization of model for predicting breaking wave height.
Investigation of mechanical properties and slope restoration potential of landslide sludge reinforced with palm oil plantation Delima Canny Valentine Simarmata, Khiem Quang Tran, Nga Thanh Duong, Tomoaki Satomi, Hiroshi Takahashi Engineering Geology, 2025 This study focuses on the use of empty fruit bunch (EFB) as a fiber material in fiber-cement stabilized soil method to recycle landslide sludge and reuse the output as cover material for failed slope restorations in Indonesia. The mechanical properties of modified sludge are investigated by conducting tension test on fiber, durability test, and shear box test to determine tensile strength of EFB, soil strength , shear strength , cohesion, and internal friction angle. In addition, the application of modified sludge is analyzed through slope stability analysis for terrain modeling and factor of safety determination. The experiments are carried out under a wide range of mixing conditions including water contents of 60 %, 80 %, and 100 %, cement contents of 50, 60, and 70 kg/m 3 , fiber contents of 0, 10, 20, and 30 kg/m 3 , and fiber lengths of 10 and 20 mm. The tension tests indicate that tensile strength decreases with increasing gauge length from 10 to 30 mm. Durability tests show that EFB inclusion improves compressive strength and soundness of specimens during drying and wetting cycles. Moreover, modified sludge with 30 mm EFB achieves higher failure strength and resists cracking more effectively than 10 mm EFB. Shear box tests display optimal cohesion at 10 kg/m 3 for water content of 60 % and at 20 kg/m 3 for water contents of 80 % and 100 %. Furthermore, GIS-integrated slope stability analysis demonstrates an improvement in the factor of safety when using EFB-cement stabilized sludge as cover material for slope rehabilitation of landslide-prone area.
Unconfined compressive strength of geopolymers based soil: Model development using gene expression programming and a comparison with other computer-based approaches Khiem Quang Tran, Nga Thanh Duong, Loc Xuan Luu, Linh Hoang Tran Mechanics of Advanced Materials and Structures, 2025 The present work aims to propose a model for calculating unconfined compressive strength (UCS) of soil stabilized by geopolymer based on gene expression programming (GEP). The new model is compared with earlier models developed from artificial neural networks (ANN), multivariable regression analysis (MVR), multi-gene genetic programming (MGGP), and support vector machines (SVM) models. The results indicate that the GEP model is superior to MVR and MGGP models and quite comparable to ANN and SVM models. The study demonstrates the robustness of the GEP model through parametric analysis. Additionally, this model is simpler and easier to use in practice.
Development of novel parametric wave model for irregular wave height transformation Khiem Quang Tran, Nga Thanh Duong, Loc Xuan Luu, Linh Hoang Tran, Winyu Rattanapitikon Ocean Engineering, 2023 Wave height transformation is one of the most crucial parameters in studying coastal engineering as well as designing coastal structures. In this study, a wave energy dissipation model for predicting the transformation of root-mean-square wave height is proposed by using a parametric wave approach over enormous measured data. Additionally, 12 existing energy dissipation models are selected in order to verify their reliability in wave height prediction and compared with a novel formula in terms of error indices, standard deviation, capacity prediction, and root-mean-square relative error. Compiled experimental data with 5783 data are collected for examination and development. The results present that the root-mean-square relative error of existing formulas is in a range from 6.4% to 10.9%. The best existing formulas predict wave height pretty well with a root-mean-square relative error of 6.4% and a standard deviation of 11.0%. Regarding the new model, the best novel model which uses breaking wave height formula of Miche (1944) displays a lower value of root-mean-square error (6.1%) and standard deviation (8.8%) in comparison with the best existing formulas. To confirm the superior performance of the proposed model, all existing models and the best developed model are verified and compared with additional data. The accuracy of the proposed formula over verified data is still better than all existing formulas. Therefore, the novel model is strongly recommended for estimating the transformation of root-mean-square wave height. • A new parametric wave model of energy dissipation is proposed. • The reliability of new and existing formulas for wave height prediction is evaluated. • The error of novel model is lower than all existing models. • The prediction capacity of developed formula is the most stable.