Interactive cardiovascular disease prediction system using learning techniques: Insights from extensive experiments Purnima Pal, Harsh Vikram Singh, Veena Grover, R. Manikandan, Rasoul Karimi, Mohammad Khishe Results in Control and Optimization, 2025 In Today's medical field, cardiovascular disease prediction is a significant challenge due to the influence of multiple variables affecting the circulatory system, such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and irregular pulse rates. Accurately classifying cardiac diseases proves to be a complex task. Consequently, the deep and machine learning techniques hold substantial potential for facilitating early identification. In this research paper, we explore the effectiveness of various models of machine learning, ensemble machine learning, and deep learning for predicting heart disease. These models undergo comprehensive experiments and cross-validation to evaluate their performance. To prepare the dataset, we apply standard scaling to numerical features, aligning them on a similar scale and enhancing the performance of specific learning algorithms. Our results demonstrate that deep learning models achieve high accuracy and robustness in predicting cardiovascular disease risk, with the InceptionNet model achieving an impressive 98.89 % accuracy. Additionally, ensemble learning models also show promise, with the Random Forest model delivering competitive accuracy, effectively capturing attributes and temporal dependencies within cardiovascular disease data. The findings of this study underscore the possibilities of deep learning and ensemble machine learning approaches in accurately predicting heart disease risk. Ultimately, this contributes to improved patient care and reduced mortality rates amidst the rising prevalence of heart-related conditions.
A Novel Deep Learning Based Dual Watermarking System for Securing Healthcare Data Kumari Suniti Singh, Harsh Vikram Singh Computational Intelligence, 2025 The sharing of patient information on an open network has drawn attention to the healthcare system. Security is the primary issue while sharing documents online. Thus, a dual watermarking technique has been developed to improve the security of shared data. The classical watermarking schemes are resilient to many attacks. Protecting the authenticity and copyrights of medical images is essential to prevent duplication, modification, or unauthorized distribution. This paper proposes a robust, novel dual watermarking system for securing healthcare data. Initially, watermarking is performed based on redundant lifting wavelet transform (LWT) and turbo code decomposition for COVID‐19 patient images and patient text data. To achieve a high level of authenticity, watermarks in the form of encoded text data and decomposed watermark images are inserted together, and an inverse LWT is used to generate an initial watermarked image. Improve imperceptibility and robustness by incorporating the cover image into the watermarked image. Cross‐guided bilateral filtering (CG_BF) improves cover image quality, while the integrated Walsh–Hadamard transform (IWHT) extracts features. The novel adaptive coati optimization (ACO) technique is used to identify the ideal location for the watermarked image in the cover image. To improve security, the watermarked image is dissected using discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and encrypted with a chaotic extended logistic system. Finally, the encrypted watermarked image is implanted in the desired place using a novel deep‐learning model based on the Hybrid Convolutional Cascaded Capsule Network (HC3Net). Thus, the secured watermarked image is obtained, and the watermark and text data are extracted using the decryption and inverse DWT procedure. The performance of the proposed method is evaluated using accuracy, peak signal‐to‐noise ratio (PSNR), NC, and other metrics. The proposed method achieved an accuracy of 99.26%, which is greater than the existing methods.
Analysis of spectral characteristics of Kaiser Window Function for various application Yatresh Mishra, Harsh Vikram Singh, Anurag Singh, Eti Srivastava, Shweta Singh, Pallavi Singh 2025 International Conference on Electrical and Electronics Engineering Ice3 2025, 2025 Window method is one of most convenient and popular method for the designing of FIR filter. We know the Kaiser Window function has adjustable behaviour as well as superior performance as compared to other window function currently in use which make it more convenient and suitable for the designing of FIR filter. In this paper we will analyse the spectral characteristics parameter like Main-lobe width, leakage factor, Side lobe roll-off ratio and ripple ratio of Kaiser Window function for different value of controlling parameter beta and window size. The research work’s goal is to obtain the most appropriate window size and controlling parameter on which the Kaiser Window function has better performance. Based on outcomes we can say that the Kaiser Window function has superior performance for the various applications like bio-medical image processing, Speech signal filtering, geophysical image processing and signal filtering.
Robust watermarking of medical images using SVM and hybrid DWT-SVD Kumari Suniti Singh, Harsh Vikram Singh International Journal of Information and Computer Security, 2024 In the present scenario, the security of medical images is an important aspect in the field of image processing. Support vector machines (SVMs) are a supervised machine learning technique used in image classification. The roots of SVM are from statistical learning theory. It has gained excellent significance because of its robust, accurate, and very effective algorithm, even though it was applied to a small set of training samples. SVM can classify data into binary classification or multiple classifications according to the application's needs. Discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and singular value decomposition (SVD) transform techniques are utilised to enhance the image's security. In this paper, the image is first classified using SVM into ROI and RONI, and thereafter, to enhance the images diagnostic capabilities, the DWT-SVD-based hybrid watermarking technique is utilised to embed the watermark in the RONI region. Overall, our work makes a significant contribution to the field of medical image security by presenting a novel and effective solution. The results are evaluated using both perceptual and imperceptibility testing using PSNR and SSIM parameters. Different attacks were introduced to the watermarked image, which shows the efficacy and robustness of the proposed algorithm.
Enhancing medical image security through machine learning and dual watermarking-based technique Kumari Suniti Singh, Harsh Vikram Singh Automatika, 2024 As the world becomes increasingly digital, healthcare is no exception. With the ease of sharing e-healthcare records over open networks, smart healthcare systems have become a popular way to manage patient information. But as the popularity of these systems has grown, so has the concern for their security. That's where image security techniques come in. In this paper we have developed a new approach to secure e-patient records like DICOM images. By combining the redundant discrete wavelets transform (RDWT), Hessenberg Decomposition (HD), and randomized singular value decomposition (RSVD). We developed a robust and dual watermarking scheme. This scheme uses multiple watermarks, including Electronic Patient Record (EPR) as text and images, to ensure high-level authentication. In order to attain a balance between imperceptibility and robustness, a PSO-based optimization of scale factor is employed and Turbo code is utilized to encode the EPR and minimize channel noise. Additionally, the marked image undergoes encryption using a 3D chaotic-based encryption technique, and the extracted watermark is denoised through a deep neural network. The result shows that the proposed scheme is both secure and reliable. With this dual watermarking scheme, we have made great strides in securing e-patient records.
Security of E-healthcare data using DWT-SVD based Hybrid watermarking Kumari Suniti Singh, Pushpanjali Singh, Harsh Vikram Singh International Conference on Emerging Trends in Engineering and Technology Icetet, 2022 Due to advancement in technology nowadays, it is easy to manipulate and produce illegal multimedia data. As a consequent, different strategy of information security has been created by the researchers and specialists every day. Digital watermarking is one of the various techniques used these days to secure the data in efficient manner. In this data has been embedded using a suitable algorithm and watermark. Again at the receiving end watermark has been extracted for the reconstruction of original data. Watermarking can be done using spatial domain or transform domain. In this paper watermarking has been done using transform domain techniques on digital images. The proposed method includes DWT-SVD hybrid watermarking technique in addition to watermark generation. This method has been performed on medical images for securing the data. The original image is firstly processed by using DWT followed by SVD. The results have been tested by applying various attacks for the robustness of algorithm. The quality of an image can be evaluated by different parameters as PSNR, SNR and SSIM. The proposed method achieved a good value of PSNR and SSIM.
Design and Analysis of BFO-PBFO based Optimized Watermarking Algorithm for Medical Images Kumari Suniti Singh, Pushpanjali Singh, Harsh Vikram Singh 7th IEEE International Conference on Recent Advances and Innovations in Engineering Icraie 2022 Proceedings, 2022 Day by day digital watermarking is getting more attention in medical image security related research area. As we know digital multimedia applications provide a robust and easy data modification and data alteration. However it requires a special attention related to owners privacy and authenticity of data while data transmission. Digital data can be easily copied and used by some-one else, which affects the copyright holders in safeguarding the intellectual property right of owner. Thus a lot of research has been carried in this area to secure the image. There are several methods in image security like Cryptography, Steganography and Digital Watermarking. The technique for embedding the data into some advanced digital media is digital watermarking. Image watermarking can be done in Spatial and Transform domain. Trans-form domain techniques are most frequently used. Transform domain techniques uses DWT (Discrete Wavelet Transform), DCT (Discrete Cosine Transform) and SVD (Singular Value Decomposition) etc. There are a few strategies have been discussed in the literature based on DWT and DCT. In this work, we have proposed a DWT-DCT based watermarking and BFO (Bacterial Foraging optimization) and PSO/PBFO (Particle Swarm optimization) based optimization technique for secure medical image transmission. The PBFO optimization improves the efficiency of watermarking scheme. It is used in several applications of optimization of algorithm. The imperceptibility and robustness of algorithm has been computed using PSNR (Peak-signal-Noise Ratio), NCC (Normalized Cross Correlations) and IF (Image Fidelity). The results show a best performance in case of DWT-DCT-PBFO watermarking.
Study on Watermarking Techniques in Digital Images Purnima Pal, Harsh Vikram Singh, Sarvesh Kumar Verma Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Trends in Electronics and Informatics Icoei 2018, 2018
Digital watermarking techniques for security applications Sonam Tyagi, Harsh Vikram Singh, Raghav Agarwal, Sandeep Kumar Gangwar International Conference on Emerging Trends in Electrical Electronics and Sustainable Energy Systems Iceteeses 2016, 2016
DCT-domain robust data hiding using chaotic sequence Siddharth Singh, Tanveer J Siddiqui, Rajiv Singh, Harsh Vikram Singh 2011 International Conference on Multimedia Signal Processing and Communication Technologies Impact 2011, 2011
Minimizing security threats in multimedia systems Harsh Singh, Ashutosh Singh, S.K. Balasubramanian, Anand Mohan Proceedings of Dfma 2006 2nd International Conference on Distributed Frameworks for Multimedia Applications, 2007
Variability and its probable cause in natural populations of spot blotch pathogen Bipolaris sorokiniana of wheat (T. aestivum L.) in India Zeitschrift Fur Pflanzenkrankheiten Und Pflanzenschutz, 2003
SVM based robust watermarking for enhanced medical image security A Rai, HV Singh Multimedia Tools and Applications 76 (18), 18605-18618 , 2017 2017 Citations: 51
SPECIALISATION S Singh School of Buddhist Studies & Civilization–GBU Noida (UP) Thesis submitted on … , 2017 2017
A comparative analysis of different facial action tracking models and techniques PC Yadav, HV Singh, AK Patel, A Singh 2016 International Conference on Emerging Trends in Electrical Electronics … , 2016 2016 Citations: 2
Digital watermarking techniques for security applications S Tyagi, HV Singh, R Agarwal, SK Gangwar 2016 International Conference on Emerging Trends in Electrical Electronics … , 2016 2016 Citations: 60
Secure and robust watermarking using wavelet transform and student t-distribution S Singh, HV Singh, A Mohan Procedia computer science 70, 442-447 , 2015 2015 Citations: 7
DCT based secure data hiding for intellectual property right protection HV Singh, AK Singh, S Yadav, A Mohan CSI transactions on ICT 2 (3), 163-168 , 2014 2014 Citations: 15
Preparation and Analysis of MBS based Glass-Ceramic for LTCC Applications HVS Preeti Kumari, U. S. Yadav, S. P. Gangwar INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH REVIEW IN ENGINEERING SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY … , 2014 2014
Digital Image Watermarking Algorithm Based on DCT and Spread Spectrum HV Singh International Conference on Telecommunication and Networks (TEL -NET 2013) 1 … , 2013 2013 Citations: 3
Intellectual property right protection of image data using DCT and spread Spectrum-based watermarking HV Singh, S Yadav, A Mohan International Journal of Electronic Security and Digital Forensics 5 (3-4 … , 2013 2013 Citations: 3
Study and analysis of wavelet based image compression techniques RK Yadav, SP Gangwar, HV Singh International Journal of Engineering, Science and Technology 4 (1), 1-7 , 2012 2012 Citations: 33
DCT-domain robust data hiding using chaotic sequence S Singh, TJ Siddiqui, R Singh, HV Singh 2011 International conference on multimedia, signal processing and … , 2011 2011 Citations: 28
Robust copyright marking using weibull distribution HV Singh, S Rai, A Mohan, SP Singh Computers & Electrical Engineering 37 (5), 714-728 , 2011 2011 Citations: 14
Secure Spread-Spectrum Watermarking for Telemedicine Applications. B Kumar, HV Singh, SP Singh, A Mohan J. Information Security 2 (2), 91-98 , 2011 2011 Citations: 53
DCT based digital data hiding in image cover S Singh, TJ Siddiqui, HV Singh International Journal of System Simulation 5 (1), 45-49 , 2011 2011 Citations: 4
Study & Analysis of Security Attributes in Windows Operating Systems HV Singh Automation and Autonomous Systems 3 (2), 101-104 , 2011 2011
Statistical modelling of wavelet coefficients of ct scan image B Kumar, SP Singh, A Mohan, A Anand, HV Singh 2009 International Conference on Emerging Trends in Electronic and Photonic … , 2009 2009 Citations: 4
MOS prediction of SPIHT medical images using objective quality parameters B Kumar, SP Singh, A Mohan, HV Singh 2009 International Conference on Signal Processing Systems (ICSPS), 219-223 , 2009 2009 Citations: 15
Novel efficient and secure medical data transmission on WIMAX B Kumar, HV Singh, SP Singh, A Mohan Telemedicine and e-Health 14 (10), 1063-1069 , 2008 2008 Citations: 7
A new algorithm for enhanced robustness of copyright mark HV Singh, SP Singh, A Mohan World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology 17 (5), 816-821 , 2008 2008 Citations: 3
A new robust method of hiding text characters for secure open channel transmission HV Singh, SP Singh, A Mohan International Journal of Computer Science and Network Security 7 (7), 31-36 , 2007 2007 Citations: 9
MOST CITED SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
Digital watermarking techniques for security applications S Tyagi, HV Singh, R Agarwal, SK Gangwar 2016 International Conference on Emerging Trends in Electrical Electronics … , 2016 2016 Citations: 60
Secure Spread-Spectrum Watermarking for Telemedicine Applications. B Kumar, HV Singh, SP Singh, A Mohan J. Information Security 2 (2), 91-98 , 2011 2011 Citations: 53
SVM based robust watermarking for enhanced medical image security A Rai, HV Singh Multimedia Tools and Applications 76 (18), 18605-18618 , 2017 2017 Citations: 51
Study and analysis of wavelet based image compression techniques RK Yadav, SP Gangwar, HV Singh International Journal of Engineering, Science and Technology 4 (1), 1-7 , 2012 2012 Citations: 33
DCT-domain robust data hiding using chaotic sequence S Singh, TJ Siddiqui, R Singh, HV Singh 2011 International conference on multimedia, signal processing and … , 2011 2011 Citations: 28
DCT based secure data hiding for intellectual property right protection HV Singh, AK Singh, S Yadav, A Mohan CSI transactions on ICT 2 (3), 163-168 , 2014 2014 Citations: 15
MOS prediction of SPIHT medical images using objective quality parameters B Kumar, SP Singh, A Mohan, HV Singh 2009 International Conference on Signal Processing Systems (ICSPS), 219-223 , 2009 2009 Citations: 15
Robust copyright marking using weibull distribution HV Singh, S Rai, A Mohan, SP Singh Computers & Electrical Engineering 37 (5), 714-728 , 2011 2011 Citations: 14
Minimizing security threats in multimedia systems HV Singh, AK Singh, SK Balasubramanian, A Mohan The 2nd International Conference on Distributed Frameworks for Multimedia … , 2006 2006 Citations: 12
A new robust method of hiding text characters for secure open channel transmission HV Singh, SP Singh, A Mohan International Journal of Computer Science and Network Security 7 (7), 31-36 , 2007 2007 Citations: 9
Secure and robust watermarking using wavelet transform and student t-distribution S Singh, HV Singh, A Mohan Procedia computer science 70, 442-447 , 2015 2015 Citations: 7
Novel efficient and secure medical data transmission on WIMAX B Kumar, HV Singh, SP Singh, A Mohan Telemedicine and e-Health 14 (10), 1063-1069 , 2008 2008 Citations: 7
Achieving enhanced perceptual quality of stego-images for secure multimedia transmission HV Singh, AK Singh, SK Balasubramanian, A Mohan Image Processing & Communications 12 (1), 47-52 , 2007 2007 Citations: 5
DCT based digital data hiding in image cover S Singh, TJ Siddiqui, HV Singh International Journal of System Simulation 5 (1), 45-49 , 2011 2011 Citations: 4
Statistical modelling of wavelet coefficients of ct scan image B Kumar, SP Singh, A Mohan, A Anand, HV Singh 2009 International Conference on Emerging Trends in Electronic and Photonic … , 2009 2009 Citations: 4
Digital Image Watermarking Algorithm Based on DCT and Spread Spectrum HV Singh International Conference on Telecommunication and Networks (TEL -NET 2013) 1 … , 2013 2013 Citations: 3
Intellectual property right protection of image data using DCT and spread Spectrum-based watermarking HV Singh, S Yadav, A Mohan International Journal of Electronic Security and Digital Forensics 5 (3-4 … , 2013 2013 Citations: 3
A new algorithm for enhanced robustness of copyright mark HV Singh, SP Singh, A Mohan World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology 17 (5), 816-821 , 2008 2008 Citations: 3
A comparative analysis of different facial action tracking models and techniques PC Yadav, HV Singh, AK Patel, A Singh 2016 International Conference on Emerging Trends in Electrical Electronics … , 2016 2016 Citations: 2
SPECIALISATION S Singh School of Buddhist Studies & Civilization–GBU Noida (UP) Thesis submitted on … , 2017 2017
