Phytosynthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles using Thymus vulgaris leaf extract: characterization and dual biological efficacy Abdullah H. Maad, Muaaz Alajlani, Hazem Choukaife, Loai Aljerf Results in Chemistry, 2026 Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) were green-synthesized using aqueous leaf extract of Thymus vulgaris as a reducing and stabilizing agent. Comprehensive characterization using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)- Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX), and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) confirmed the formation of pure, hexagonal wurtzite ZnO NPs with an average crystallite size of 13.1 nm. The findings confirmed the formation of crystalline hexagonal ZnO with moderate colloidal stability. The average hydrodynamic diameter was 243.24 nm, attributed to particle agglomeration and phytochemical capping effects. Biologically, the ZnO NPs exhibited dose-dependent antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria and significant cytotoxicity toward MCF-7 breast cancer cells (IC₅₀ = 34.36 μg/mL) . Mechanistic investigations revealed enhanced intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, Zn 2+ ion release, and caspase-3 activation, indicating ROS-mediated apoptotic cell death. This study highlights the dual antibacterial and anticancer potential of T. vulgaris -mediated ZnO NPs and provides mechanistic insights into their bioactivity, supporting their promise as multifunctional green nanomaterials. • Phytochemical capping by thymol and carvacrol enhances nanoparticles bioactivity. • Achieved crystalline ZnO NPs with primary size of ~13 nm via eco-friendly route. • Exceptional MCF-7 cytotoxicity with IC₅₀ of 34.36 μg/mL via ROS-mediated apoptosis. • Controlled Zn 2+ release profile links structure to multifunctional efficacy. • Predictive synthesis–function framework for plant-mediated nanotherapeutics.
Emerging Trends, Applications and Future Directions Pertaining to Metal Nanoparticles: A Bibliometric Analysis Wan Khaima Azira Wan Mat Khalir, Azimah Ismail, Hazem Choukaife, Megat Ahmad Kamal Megat Hanafiah, Nur Zulaikha Mohd Afandi, et al. Recent Innovations in Chemical Engineering, 2026 Introduction: Numerous international research articles on metal nanoparticles have indicated a significant interest in metal nanoparticles and their applications. Methods: This study examined research trends in metal nanoparticles, including methods and applications, using a bibliometric analysis of Scopus data. The search covered a period extending from 1998 to 2024. In particular, this study relied on the analysis of published articles, authorship across countries and academic organisations, as well as the occurrence of authors’ keywords and terms. The language of the selected paper was English, the publication was at the final stage, and the document type was an article. At the same time, the analysis excluded review articles, conference and proceeding papers, as well as book chapters from the search results. Results: A total of 3,678 articles were retrieved from various journals based on the topic, title, abstract, keywords, and authors’ keywords. Data reveal that the "biological method" and the "physical method" were the most popular methods for synthesizing metal nanoparticles. According to the keyword co-occurrence mapping, the main applications for metal nanoparticle research are "antibacterial" and "catalysis." Discussion: Most of the biological and physical methods used indicate that factors such as green technology, reduced toxicity, and cost-effectiveness were considered when synthesising metal nanoparticles. Following this, major applications of metal nanoparticles in antibacterial and catalytic applications were closely related to their properties. Conclusion: These data help identify current research trends in metal nanoparticles, their prospects, and the preparation and application of these nanoparticles. In addition, it contributes to future research and innovation in this field.
Formulation and evaluation of taste-masked curcumin nanoparticles for improved antioxidant and anticancer efficacy Mulham Alfatama, Zalilawati Mat Rashid, Omar A. Harasstani, Hamzeh Alkhatib, Asif Nawaz, Hazem Choukaife Scientific Reports, 2025 Curcumin, a natural polyphenolic compound derived from turmeric, is well-documented for its therapeutic properties, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anticancer activities. However, its clinical and nutraceutical applications are limited by its poor aqueous solubility, low oral bioavailability, and unpleasant taste. This study aimed to encapsulate curcumin in alginate-based nanoparticles, with and without chitosan coating, to improve its palatability while preserving its therapeutic efficacy. Two optimized formulations uncoated curcumin-loaded alginate nanoparticles (CANPs) and chitosan-coated nanoparticles (CANPs-Cs) were developed, exhibiting average particle sizes of 199.51 ± 9.40 nm and 312.90 ± 10.30 nm, polydispersity indices of 0.26 ± 0.090 and 0.27 ± 0.09, zeta potentials of - 23.10 ± 1.10 mV and + 28.50 ± 1.00 mV, encapsulation efficiencies of 93.6 ± 3.5% and 90.8 ± 0.1%, and drug loading of 1.32 ± 0.15% and 1.25 ± 0.19%, respectively. FTIR analysis confirmed the compatibility and successful encapsulation of curcumin within the nanoparticle matrix. The chitosan-coated formulation (CANPs-Cs) exhibited enhanced antioxidant activity and superior taste-masking ability, as evidenced by a significant reduction (~ 50%) in curcumin release within artificial saliva compared to CANPs. Additionally, both formulations demonstrated potent cytotoxic effects against the CT26 colon cancer cell line, with CANPs-Cs maintaining therapeutic efficacy while offering improved sensory attributes. These findings suggest that CANPs-Cs is a promising delivery system for curcumin, offering enhanced bioactivity and palatability suitable for food and pharmaceutical applications.
3D Printing and Electrospinning Mulham Alfatama, Hazem Choukaife, Abd Almonem Doolaanea Electrospraying and Electrospinning in Drug Delivery Principles Methods and Applications, 2025 The advancement of material fabrication techniques, particularly three-dimensional (3D) printing and electrospinning, has significantly contributed to biomedicine by enabling the precise design and production of scaffolds, grafts, and membranes with tailored properties essential for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Initially developed as a prototyping tool, 3D printing has evolved into a versatile manufacturing platform capable of producing complex 3D structures with interconnected pore networks that facilitate the transport of proteins, oxygen, and nutrients. However, achieving high-resolution filaments and pore sizes compatible with cellular dimensions remains a challenge, as these factors are crucial for efficient cell seeding and tissue formation. In contrast, electrospinning excels in generating nanoscale fibers that closely resemble the native extracellular matrix (ECM), providing a favorable environment for cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation. Despite its advantages, electrospun fibers often exhibit inadequate mechanical strength, and constructing 3D structures using this method remains challenging. By integrating 3D printing with electrospinning, researchers have developed hybrid materials that combine the structural control of 3D printing with the biomimetic properties of electrospun fibers, resulting in highly porous, interconnected structures that enhance cellular activities. These integrated approaches have been successfully applied in tissue engineering, drug delivery, flexible electronics, and filtration systems. This chapter examines recent advancements in combining 3D printing and electrospinning, focusing on fabrication methods, applications, and material properties. Additionally, it discusses strategies for developing multifunctional composite structures and explores current challenges and future research directions. The integration of electrospinning with techniques such as electrospraying, gas foaming, and additive manufacturing demonstrates the potential of these hybrid approaches to revolutionize biomedical applications by enabling the fabrication of 3D scaffolds with multi-scale hierarchical architectures.
Polymyxin B and silver nanoparticles: a nanotechnology-driven approach to overcome antibiotic resistance Mohammad Aljaafrih, Hazem Choukaife, Mulham Alfatama Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy, 2025 OBJECTIVE: This review aims to evaluate the synergistic potential of polymyxin B and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in combating multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial infections. SIGNIFICANCE: The alarming rise of MDR pathogens poses a critical global health challenge, necessitating novel therapeutic strategies beyond conventional antibiotics. METHODS: A comprehensive literature analysis was conducted to assess the mechanisms of bacterial resistance, the pharmacological profile and limitations of polymyxin B, and the antimicrobial activities of AgNPs. Special attention was given to nano-formulations combining both agents. RESULTS: Evidence suggests that the co-delivery of polymyxin B and AgNPs enhances antibacterial efficacy and reduces toxicity. Advanced delivery systems including polymeric nanoparticles, hydrogels, and transdermal platforms further improve drug stability, targeted delivery, and therapeutic performance. CONCLUSIONS: The integration of nanotechnology with traditional antibiotics holds significant promise for overcoming MDR infections, and polymyxin B-AgNP nano-formulations represent a compelling direction for future antimicrobial therapy development.
Introduction and Principles of Electrospraying and Electrospinning Mulham Alfatama, Salah Abdalrazak Alshehade, Abd Almonem Doolaanea, Hazem Choukaife Electrospraying and Electrospinning in Drug Delivery Principles Methods and Applications, 2025 Electrospraying and electrospinning are two key electrohydrodynamic techniques that have revolutionized the fabrication of polymeric nanostructures for biomedical applications, particularly in drug delivery and tissue engineering. These methods utilize high-voltage electric fields to generate polymeric fibers and nanoparticles with precise control over size, morphology, and composition. Electrospinning enables the production of nanofibers with tunable porosity and high surface area, making them ideal for controlled drug release, wound healing, and scaffolding in tissue engineering. Similarly, electrospraying facilitates the generation of monodisperse nanoparticles and microparticles with optimized encapsulation efficiency, improving drug stability and targeted delivery. The unique properties of electrospun nanofibers and electrosprayed particles have positioned these technologies as promising tools for developing next-generation drug delivery systems. Their ability to process a wide range of natural and synthetic polymers, incorporate bioactive molecules, and offer controlled degradation profiles enhances their versatility in biomedical applications. Despite their advantages, challenges such as scalability, process stability, and regulatory considerations must be addressed to enable widespread clinical and commercial adoption. Recent advancements, including multi-nozzle systems, hybrid processing methods, and computational modeling, have contributed to improving the reproducibility and efficiency of these techniques. This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of the principles, historical development, and biomedical applications of electrospraying and electrospinning. By understanding these fundamental aspects, researchers can harness the full potential of these techniques to develop innovative drug delivery systems and advanced biomaterials, paving the way for significant improvements in patient-specific therapeutic strategies and medical treatments.
Preparation Methods Used in Electrospinning and Electrospraying Hazem Choukaife, Abd Almonem Doolaanea, Saeid Mezail Mawazi, Mulham Alfatama Electrospraying and Electrospinning in Drug Delivery Principles Methods and Applications, 2025 Electrospraying and electrospinning are electrohydrodynamic (EHD) techniques that utilize an applied electric field to convert polymer solutions into micro- or nanostructured materials. These approaches are extensively employed in the fabrication of fibers and particles with customizable properties, offering benefits such as high encapsulation efficiency, controlled release mechanisms, and compatibility with heat-sensitive compounds. The production of electrospun fibers and electrosprayed particles necessitates a systematic methodology, involving the careful selection of materials, optimization of processing parameters, and regulation of environmental conditions. A conventional electrospinning setup comprises a high-voltage power supply, a syringe pump containing the polymer solution, and a grounded collector. As the polymer solution is dispensed through a needle at a controlled flow rate, the applied voltage induces the formation of a charged jet. This jet undergoes elongation, solvent evaporation, and subsequent solidification, resulting in continuous fiber formation. The morphology and properties of the fibers are governed by critical parameters, including polymer concentration, flow rate, applied voltage, and the tip-to-collector distance. Conversely, electrospraying operates at lower polymer concentrations, causing jet fragmentation into fine droplets that dry to yield micro- or nanoparticles. The characteristics of the resulting particles are influenced by factors such as solvent properties, surface tension, and electric field strength. Recent advancements in EHD techniques, including co-axial electrospinning, emulsion electrospraying, and melt electrospinning, have significantly enhanced their capabilities. These innovations facilitate precise control over structural and compositional attributes, broadening their applications in drug delivery, food technology, and biomedical engineering. This chapter presents a comprehensive examination of electrospinning and electrospraying methodologies, emphasizing their potential in the development of advanced functional materials.
Scale-Up of Electrospraying and Electrospinning Abd Almonem Doolaanea, Saeid Mezail Mawazi, Hazem Choukaife, Mulham Alfatama Electrospraying and Electrospinning in Drug Delivery Principles Methods and Applications, 2025 Electrospraying and electrospinning are cutting-edge nanofabrication techniques that enable the controlled production of nanoparticles and nanofibers with tailored physicochemical properties. These technologies have gained widespread attention in pharmaceuticals, biotechnology, and materials science, particularly for their applications in drug delivery, tissue engineering, and advanced biomedical devices. The ability of electrospraying and electrospinning to generate nanostructures with high surface area, tunable porosity, and controlled release profiles has positioned them as promising tools for next-generation medical innovations. Despite their advantages, the scalability of these techniques remains a critical challenge, limiting their transition from laboratory-scale research to industrial manufacturing. Key obstacles include low process throughput, instability of the electrohydrodynamic jet, and variations in product uniformity. To address these limitations, researchers have explored novel scale-up strategies, including multi-nozzle and nozzleless configurations, hybrid processing methods, and computational modeling to optimize process stability. Furthermore, the development of solvent-free techniques, such as melt electrospinning and alternating current-driven processes, has expanded the environmental and industrial viability of these approaches. This book chapter provides an in-depth analysis of the challenges and advancements associated with scaling up electrospraying and electrospinning for high-throughput production. It explores the impact of process modifications on nanomaterial properties, discusses the commercialization of electrospraying- and electrospinning-based pharmaceutical products, and highlights regulatory, economic, and environmental considerations. By addressing these critical factors, electrospraying and electrospinning hold the potential to revolutionize nanotechnology applications, paving the way for groundbreaking developments in drug delivery, biomedical engineering, and beyond.
Thymoquinone Pectin Beads Produced via Electrospray: Enhancing Oral Targeted Delivery for Colorectal Cancer Therapy Mulham Alfatama, Hazem Choukaife, Okba Al Rahal, Nur Zahirah Mohamad Zin Pharmaceutics, 2024 Background/Objectives: Thymoquinone (TQ) exhibits diverse biological activities, but its poor solubility and bioavailability limit its cancer efficacy, requiring innovative solutions. This study explores the development of an oral delivery system targeting colon cancer based on TQ pectin beads (TQ-PBs) produced through an adjustable electrospray technique. This study hypothesised that adjusting bead diameter through the electrospray technique enables precise control over water absorption and erosion rates, thereby achieving a controlled release profile for encapsulated TQ, which enhances targeted delivery to the colon. Methods: TQ-PBs were synthesised and optimised using an electrospray technique based on the ionic gelation method. The prepared beads were characterised based on particle size, sphericity, encapsulation efficiency (EE), water uptake, erosion, surface morphology, molecular interactions, and texture. The cumulative TQ release studies, an accelerated stability test, and cytotoxicity evaluation against the colon cancer HT-29 cell line were also assessed. Results: The optimised TQ-PB formulation demonstrated an average bead size of 2.05 ± 0.14 mm, a sphericity of 0.96 ± 0.05, and an EE of 90.32 ± 1.04%. The water uptake was 287.55 ± 10.14% in simulated gastric fluid (SGF), 462.15 ± 12.73% in simulated intestinal fluid (SIF), and 772.41 ± 13.03% in simulated colonic fluid (SCF), with an erosion rate of 45.23 ± 5.22%. TQ release was minimal in SGF (8.13 ± 1.94% after 2 h), controlled in SIF (29.35 ± 3.65% after 4 h), and accelerated in SCF (94.43 ± 2.4% after 3 h). Stability studies over one month showed a size reduction of 17.50% and a 6.59% decrease in TQ content. Cytotoxicity assessments revealed significant anticancer activity of TQ-PB, with an IC50 of 80.59 ± 2.2 μg/mL. Conclusions: These findings underscore the potential of TQ-PB as an effective oral drug delivery system for targeted colorectal cancer therapy.
Synergistic Antimicrobial Nanocomposite: Protamine-Loaded PVP-Capped Silver Nanoparticles for Combating Multidrug-Resistant Infections M Jaafreh, W Alshaer, M Alkawareek, Z Zahari, S Alsotari, DA Alqudah, ... Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 101160 , 2026 2026
Phytosynthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles using Thymus vulgaris leaf extract: characterization and dual biological efficacy AH Maad, M Alajlani, H Choukaife, L Aljerf Results in Chemistry, 103173 , 2026 2026 Citations: 1
Formulation and evaluation of taste-masked curcumin nanoparticles for improved antioxidant and anticancer efficacy M Alfatama, ZM Rashid, OA Harasstani, H Alkhatib, A Nawaz, ... Scientific Reports 15 (1), 41055 , 2025 2025 Citations: 1
Polymyxin B and silver nanoparticles: a nanotechnology-driven approach to overcome antibiotic resistance M Aljaafrih, H Choukaife, M Alfatama Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy 51 (11), 1417-1429 , 2025 2025
Introduction and Principles of Electrospraying and Electrospinning M Alfatama, SA Alshehade, H Choukaife Electrospraying and Electrospinning in Drug Delivery, 1-44 , 2025 2025
Preparation Methods Used in Electrospinning and Electrospraying H Choukaife, SM Mawazi, M Alfatama Electrospraying and Electrospinning in Drug Delivery, 117-157 , 2025 2025
Scale-Up of Electrospraying and Electrospinning SM Mawazi, H Choukaife, M Alfatama Electrospraying and Electrospinning in Drug Delivery, 158-187 , 2025 2025
3D Printing and Electrospinning M Alfatama, H Choukaife Electrospraying and Electrospinning in Drug Delivery, 306-336 , 2025 2025 Citations: 1
5 Scale-Up of SMM Abd Almonem Doolaanea, H Choukaife, M Alfatama Electrospraying and Electrospinning in Drug Delivery: Principles, Methods … , 2025 2025
Analysis: The Effect of Surfactant and Co-Surfactant Composition on the Physicochemical Properties of Intranasal Clozapine Microemulsions M Aldeir, H Choukaife, M Othman MAHSA International Pharmacy Conference, 187-202 , 2025 2025
Development of Taste-Masked Curcumin Nanoparticles: Antioxidant, Anticancer, and Palatability Evaluation M Alfatama, ZM Rashid, O Alharasstani, H Alkhatib, A Nawaz, ... 2025
Thymoquinone pectin beads produced via electrospray: enhancing oral targeted delivery for colorectal cancer therapy M Alfatama, H Choukaife, O Al Rahal, NZM Zin Pharmaceutics 16 (11), 1460 , 2024 2024 Citations: 6
Colonic targeting insulin-loaded trimethyl chitosan nanoparticles coated pectin for oral delivery: In vitro and In vivo studies S Seyam, H Choukaife, O Al Rahal, M Alfatama International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 281, 136549 , 2024 2024 Citations: 23
Fish oil alginate microspheres produced via wave-based drop-on-demand jetting electrospray: Improving stability and palatability M Alfatama, H Choukaife Food Bioscience 61, 104852 , 2024 2024 Citations: 9
Recent advances of electrospray technique for multiparticulate preparation: Drug delivery applications M Alfatama, Y Shahzad, H Choukaife Advances in Colloid and Interface Science 325, 103098 , 2024 2024 Citations: 54
A comprehensive review of oral chitosan drug delivery systems: Applications for oral insulin delivery M Alfatama, H Choukaife, H Alkhatib, O Al Rahal, NZM Zin Nanotechnology Reviews 13 (1), 20230205 , 2024 2024 Citations: 34
Emulsification-assisted spectroscopic analysis of black seed oil in alginate beads: method development and validation H Alkhatib, F Mohamed, AS Mohmad Sabere, H Choukaife, ... Analytical Chemistry Letters 13 (3), 234-243 , 2023 2023 Citations: 5
Cationic B-Cyclodextrin-Insulin Loaded Alginate Nanoparticles for Oral Delivery. H Choukaife, AA Doolaanea, M Alfatama Current Trends in Biotechnology & Pharmacy 17 , 2023 2023 Citations: 1
Thymoquinone Extract Loaded Pectin Beads for Colorectal Cancer Targeting. M Alfatama, S Azmi, H Choukaife, TM Elsayed Current Trends in Biotechnology & Pharmacy 17 , 2023 2023
Advanced drug delivery systems for renal disorders B Alallam, H Choukaife, S Seyam, V Lim, M Alfatama Gels 9 (2), 115 , 2023 2023 Citations: 38
MOST CITED SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
Alginate nanoformulation: Influence of process and selected variables H Choukaife, AA Doolaanea, M Alfatama Pharmaceuticals 13 (11), 335 , 2020 2020 Citations: 180
Current Advances in Chitosan Nanoparticles Based Oral Drug Delivery for Colorectal Cancer Treatment H Choukaife, S Seyam, B Alallam, AA Doolaanea, M Alfatama International Journal of Nanomedicine 17, 3933-3966 , 2022 2022 Citations: 121
Recent advances of electrospray technique for multiparticulate preparation: Drug delivery applications M Alfatama, Y Shahzad, H Choukaife Advances in Colloid and Interface Science 325, 103098 , 2024 2024 Citations: 54
Advanced drug delivery systems for renal disorders B Alallam, H Choukaife, S Seyam, V Lim, M Alfatama Gels 9 (2), 115 , 2023 2023 Citations: 38
A comprehensive review of oral chitosan drug delivery systems: Applications for oral insulin delivery M Alfatama, H Choukaife, H Alkhatib, O Al Rahal, NZM Zin Nanotechnology Reviews 13 (1), 20230205 , 2024 2024 Citations: 34
Colonic targeting insulin-loaded trimethyl chitosan nanoparticles coated pectin for oral delivery: In vitro and In vivo studies S Seyam, H Choukaife, O Al Rahal, M Alfatama International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 281, 136549 , 2024 2024 Citations: 23
Formulation and Characterization of SNEDDS of Pandanus tectorius Fruit Extract and in vitro Antioxidant Activity AH Kholieqoh, TST Muhammad, H Mohamad, H Choukaife, S Seyam, ... Oriental Journal of Chemistry 38 (4), 855 , 2022 2022 Citations: 13
Fish oil alginate microspheres produced via wave-based drop-on-demand jetting electrospray: Improving stability and palatability M Alfatama, H Choukaife Food Bioscience 61, 104852 , 2024 2024 Citations: 9
Thymoquinone pectin beads produced via electrospray: enhancing oral targeted delivery for colorectal cancer therapy M Alfatama, H Choukaife, O Al Rahal, NZM Zin Pharmaceutics 16 (11), 1460 , 2024 2024 Citations: 6
Emulsification-assisted spectroscopic analysis of black seed oil in alginate beads: method development and validation H Alkhatib, F Mohamed, AS Mohmad Sabere, H Choukaife, ... Analytical Chemistry Letters 13 (3), 234-243 , 2023 2023 Citations: 5
Phytosynthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles using Thymus vulgaris leaf extract: characterization and dual biological efficacy AH Maad, M Alajlani, H Choukaife, L Aljerf Results in Chemistry, 103173 , 2026 2026 Citations: 1
Formulation and evaluation of taste-masked curcumin nanoparticles for improved antioxidant and anticancer efficacy M Alfatama, ZM Rashid, OA Harasstani, H Alkhatib, A Nawaz, ... Scientific Reports 15 (1), 41055 , 2025 2025 Citations: 1
3D Printing and Electrospinning M Alfatama, H Choukaife Electrospraying and Electrospinning in Drug Delivery, 306-336 , 2025 2025 Citations: 1
Cationic B-Cyclodextrin-Insulin Loaded Alginate Nanoparticles for Oral Delivery. H Choukaife, AA Doolaanea, M Alfatama Current Trends in Biotechnology & Pharmacy 17 , 2023 2023 Citations: 1
Synergistic Antimicrobial Nanocomposite: Protamine-Loaded PVP-Capped Silver Nanoparticles for Combating Multidrug-Resistant Infections M Jaafreh, W Alshaer, M Alkawareek, Z Zahari, S Alsotari, DA Alqudah, ... Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 101160 , 2026 2026
Polymyxin B and silver nanoparticles: a nanotechnology-driven approach to overcome antibiotic resistance M Aljaafrih, H Choukaife, M Alfatama Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy 51 (11), 1417-1429 , 2025 2025
Introduction and Principles of Electrospraying and Electrospinning M Alfatama, SA Alshehade, H Choukaife Electrospraying and Electrospinning in Drug Delivery, 1-44 , 2025 2025
Preparation Methods Used in Electrospinning and Electrospraying H Choukaife, SM Mawazi, M Alfatama Electrospraying and Electrospinning in Drug Delivery, 117-157 , 2025 2025
Scale-Up of Electrospraying and Electrospinning SM Mawazi, H Choukaife, M Alfatama Electrospraying and Electrospinning in Drug Delivery, 158-187 , 2025 2025
5 Scale-Up of SMM Abd Almonem Doolaanea, H Choukaife, M Alfatama Electrospraying and Electrospinning in Drug Delivery: Principles, Methods … , 2025 2025