Two-Step Ligand-Directed Covalent Fluorescent Labeling of the Adenosine A1-Receptor That Maintains Its Orthosteric Binding Site’s Availability to Bind Ligands Chia-Yang Lin, Simon Platt, Joelle Goulding, Stephen J. Briddon, Nicholas D. Kindon, Clare R. Harwood, Chih-Wei Lai, Barrie Kellam, Stephen J. Hill Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 2026 receptor using click chemistry. We also describe a range of biophysical approaches to confirm that the orthosteric binding site remains available to interact with endogenous ligands, agonists and antagonists, and access to the orthosteric binding site is not sterically hindered by the transferred cargo (fluorophore or click-reactive group).
Cannabinoid CB2 receptor drives trastuzumab resistance and predicts durable anti-HER2 response Marta Seijo-Vila, Sofía A. Balsinde, Sandra Blasco-Benito, Isabel Tundidor, María Rubert-Hernández, Ana Montero-Calle, Rodrigo Barderas, Laura E. Kilpatrick, Simon Platt, Noemi Karsai, Isabel Philps, Olga M. Antón, Déborah Gómez-Domínguez, Ignacio Pérez de Castro, Carmen González-Lois, Diego García-Fresnadillo, Gala Silvestre-Egea, Antonio J. Sánchez-López, Esther Ramírez-Medina, María Catalina Rivas Prieto, Belén Almoguera Pérez-Cejuela, Luis Manso, Sandra Zazo, Noemí López-Ejeda, Francisco Palomino-Duque, María Turienzo-Durán, Nuria G. Martínez-Illescas, María Salazar-Roa, Sonia Castillo-Lluva, Stephen J. Hill, Manuel Guzmán, Eduardo Pérez-Gómez, Cristina Sánchez Oncogene, 2026 Acquired or innate lack of response to standard HER2-targeted therapies remains a clinical issue in patients with HER2-positive breast cancer. Here, we investigated the role of the cannabinoid CB 2 receptor (CB 2 R) in trastuzumab resistance. In human breast cancer samples, a decreased expression of HER2-CB 2 R heterodimers following neoadjuvant treatment, due to CB 2 R downregulation, was linked to poor long-term outcomes. Using various preclinical models, we demonstrate that CB 2 R drives trastuzumab resistance. Mechanistically, CB 2 R loss enabled cancer cells to evade antitumor IFN-γ signaling while promoting a shift from HER2-CB 2 R to HER2-EGFR heterodimers, thus reducing dependence on HER2 and increasing reliance on EGFR-mediated pathways. Moreover, EGFR inhibition restored trastuzumab sensitivity. In summary, we reveal an unprecedented role for CB 2 R as a key regulator of oncogenic and immune signaling in response to anti-HER2 therapy and its potential as a predictive biomarker of therapeutic efficacy. We also propose dual HER2/EGFR targeting and non-CB 2 R-selective cannabinoid therapies as potential strategies to overcome CB 2 R-mediated trastuzumab resistance. Together, these findings position the endocannabinoid system as a pivotal and actionable node to elucidate, anticipate, and counteract resistance to HER2-targeted therapies.
Acute vascular and cardiac effects of lenvatinib in mice Dustin N. Krüger, Patrizia Pannucci, Callan D. Wesley, Cedric H. G. Neutel, Wim Martinet, Guido R. Y. De Meyer, Stephen J. Hill, Jeanette Woolard, Constantijn Franssen, Pieter-Jan Guns Cardio Oncology, 2025 BACKGROUND: Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) targeting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor signalling are used in cancer therapy to inhibit angiogenesis. Unfortunately, VEGF inhibitors are known to induce severe hypertension in patients. This study aimed to elucidate the impact of the TKI lenvatinib on blood pressure, arterial stiffness, vascular reactivity, as well as cardiac function in a short-term murine model to shed light on potential contributors to cardiovascular (CV) toxicities associated with VEGF inhibition. METHODS: Male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into 2 cohorts, either treated for 4 days with lenvatinib 4 mg/kg/day or 40% hydroxypropyl β-cyclodextrin as control. In an additional study, mice were subjected to a 4-day treatment followed by a 4-day wash-out, with echocardiography and blood pressure measurements performed on day 2 and 7. Subsequently, ex vivo vascular reactivity of thoracic aortic segments was determined. RESULTS: Lenvatinib induced hypertension and arterial stiffness (i.e., increased pulse wave velocity), starting from day 2 of treatment. Further, left ventricular ejection fraction was reduced and the ventricle dilated upon treatment. Lenvatinib induced neither endothelial dysfunction nor impaired vascular smooth muscle cell reactivity to nitric oxide (NO). Interestingly, lenvatinib demonstrated a concentration-dependent increase in ATP-mediated relaxation. In addition, after the 4-day wash-out period, lenvatinib-treated mice did not show complete remission of hypertension. However, arterial stiffness, ATP-mediated relaxation and cardiac adaptation were recovered. CONCLUSION: This comprehensive investigation provides valuable insights into the interplay between VEGF inhibition, vascular function and cardiac outcomes, emphasising the need for nuanced understanding and further exploration of the differential effects of lenvatinib on the CV system. Additionally, the study proposes a synergistic formation between VEGF and ATP, indicating an enhanced response via P2Yx receptor signalling.
Quantitative analysis of human umbilical vein endothelial cell morphology and tubulogenesis Viviane Mignone, Maria Augusta Arruda, Laura Kilpatrick, Benjamin Moore, Jeanette Woolard, Stephen Hill, Joëlle Goulding Journal of Microscopy, 2025 Primary human umbilical vein endothelial cells can grow as both a monolayer in culture and also as a capillary‐like network making them an ideal model system in order to study vascular remodelling. Image‐based analysis can allow assessment of cell morphology and motility but is dependent on accurate cell segmentation which requires high‐contrast images not normally achievable without fluorescent markers. Here, ptychography is employed as a label‐free image‐based modality in order to extract quantitative metrics of morphology and tubulogenesis from cultured HUVECs over time in an automated multiwell assay. Phase‐specific parameters of dry mass, optical thickness and sphericity were extracted and assessed alongside other metrics of cell number and shape. Tubulogenesis could be captured dynamically without any imaging artefacts from use of a basement membrane matrix and metrics of tube number, growth and branching exported alongside morphology metrics at early time‐points. Utilising ptychography‐based image analysis, all VEGF165a isoforms studied, elicited a concentration‐dependent effect on cell elongation and survival within a HUVEC monolayer. Pharmacologically relevant parameters of potency (EC50) and efficacy were derived, exemplifying this label‐free approach for the multiparameter and multiwell quantitative study of vascular remodelling in physiologically relevant cells at 37°C.
Mechano-sensitivity of β2-adrenoceptors enhances constitutive activation of cAMP generation that is inhibited by inverse agonists Sean A. Cullum, Simon Platt, Natasha Dale, Oliver C. Isaac, Edward S. Wragg, Mark Soave, Dmitry B. Veprintsev, Jeanette Woolard, Laura E. Kilpatrick, Stephen J. Hill Communications Biology, 2024 The concept of agonist-independent signalling that can be attenuated by inverse agonists is a fundamental element of the cubic ternary complex model of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) activation. This model shows how a GPCR can exist in two conformational states in the absence of ligands; an inactive R state and an active R* state that differ in their affinities for agonists, inverse agonists, and G-protein alpha subunits. The proportion of R* receptors that exist in the absence of agonists determines the level of constitutive receptor activity. In this study we demonstrate that mechanical stimulation can induce β2-adrenoceptor agonist-independent Gs-mediated cAMP signalling that is sensitive to inhibition by inverse agonists such as ICI-118551 and propranolol. The size of the mechano-sensitive response is dependent on the cell surface receptor expression level in HEK293G cells, is still observed in a ligand-binding deficient D113A mutant β2-adrenoceptor and can be attenuated by site-directed mutagenesis of the extracellular N-glycosylation sites on the N-terminus and second extracellular loop of the β2-adrenoceptor. Similar mechano-sensitive agonist-independent responses are observed in HEK293G cells overexpressing the A2A-adenosine receptor. These data provide new insights into how agonist-independent constitutive receptor activity can be enhanced by mechanical stimulation and regulated by inverse agonists.
Kinetic analysis of fluorescent ligand binding to cell surface receptors: Insights into conformational changes and allosterism in living cells Stephen J. Hill, Laura E. Kilpatrick British Journal of Pharmacology, 2024 Equilibrium binding assays are one of the mainstays of current drug discovery efforts to evaluate the interaction of drugs with receptors in membranes and intact cells. However, in recent years, there has been increased focus on the kinetics of the drug–receptor interaction to gain insight into the lifetime of drug–receptor complexes and the rate of association of a ligand with its receptor. Furthermore, drugs that act on topically distinct sites (allosteric) from those occupied by the endogenous ligand (orthosteric site) can induce conformational changes in the orthosteric binding site leading to changes in the association and/or dissociation rate constants of orthosteric ligands. Conformational changes in the orthosteric ligand binding site can also be induced through interaction with neighbouring accessory proteins and receptor homodimerisation and heterodimerisation. In this review, we provide an overview of the use of fluorescent ligand technologies to interrogate ligand–receptor kinetics in living cells and the novel insights that they can provide into the conformational changes induced by drugs acting on a variety of cell surface receptors including G protein‐coupled receptors (GPCRs), receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) and cytokine receptors.
Role of endothelin ETA receptors in the hypertension induced by the VEGFR-2 kinase inhibitors axitinib and lenvatinib in conscious freely-moving rats Patrizia Pannucci, Marieke Van Daele, Samantha L. Cooper, Edward S. Wragg, Julie March, Marleen Groenen, Stephen J. Hill, Jeanette Woolard Biochemical Pharmacology, 2024 Receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (RTKIs) suppress tumour growth by targeting vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2) which is an important mediator of angiogenesis. Here, we demonstrate that two potent RTKIs, axitinib and lenvatinib, are associated with hypertensive side effects. Doppler flowmetry was used to evaluate regional haemodynamic profiles of axitinib and lenvatinib. Male Sprague Dawley rats (350–500 g) were instrumented with Doppler flow probes (renal and mesenteric arteries and descending abdominal aorta) and catheters (jugular vein and distal abdominal aorta, via the caudal artery). Rats were dosed daily with axitinib (3 or 6 mg.kg−1) or lenvatinib (1 or 3 mg.kg−1) and regional haemodynamics were recorded over a maximum of 4 days. Both RTKIs caused significant (p < 0.05) increases in mean arterial pressure (MAP), which was accompanied by significant (p < 0.05) vasoconstriction in both the mesenteric and hindquarters vascular beds. To gain insight into the involvement of endothelin-1 (ET-1) in RTKI-mediated hypertension, we also monitored heart rate (HR) and MAP in response to axitinib or lenvatinib in animals treated with the ETA receptor selective antagonist sitaxentan (5 mg.kg−1) or the mixed ETA/ETB receptor antagonist bosentan (15 mg.kg−1) over two days. Co-treatment with bosentan or sitaxentan markedly reduced the MAP effects mediated by both RTKIs (p < 0.05). Bosentan, but not sitaxentan, also attenuated ET-1 mediated increases in HR. These data suggest that selective antagonists of ETA receptors may be appropriate to alleviate the hypertensive effects of axitinib and lenvatinib.
A novel and selective fluorescent ligand for the study of adenosine A2B receptors Foteini Patera, Sarah J. Mistry, Nicholas D. Kindon, Eleonora Comeo, Joelle Goulding, Barrie Kellam, Laura E. Kilpatrick, Hester Franks, Stephen J. Hill Pharmacology Research and Perspectives, 2024 Fluorescent ligands have proved to be powerful tools in the study of G protein‐coupled receptors in living cells. Here we have characterized a new fluorescent ligand PSB603‐BY630 that has high selectivity for the human adenosine A2B receptor (A2BR). The A2BR appears to play an important role in regulating immune responses in the tumor microenvironment. Here we have used PSB603‐BY630 to monitor specific binding to A2BRs in M1‐ and M2‐like macrophages derived from CD14+ human monocytes. PSB603‐BY630 bound with high affinity (18.3 nM) to nanoluciferase‐tagged A2BRs stably expressed in HEK293G cells. The ligand exhibited very high selectivity for the A2BR with negligible specific‐binding detected at NLuc‐A2AR, NLuc‐A1R, or NLuc‐A3R receptors at concentrations up to 500 nM. Competition binding studies showed the expected pharmacology at A2BR with the A2BR‐selective ligands PSB603 and MRS‐1706 demonstrating potent inhibition of the specific binding of 50 nM PSB603‐BY630 to A2BR. Functional studies in HEK293G cells using Glosensor to monitor Gs‐coupled cyclic AMP responses indicated that PSB603‐BY630 acted as a negative allosteric regular of the agonist responses to BAY 60–6583. Furthermore, flow cytometry analysis confirmed that PSB603‐BY630 could be used to selectively label endogenous A2BRs expressed on human macrophages. This ligand should be an important addition to the library of fluorescent ligands which are selective for the different adenosine receptor subtypes, and will enable study of the role of A2BRs on immune cells in the tumor microenvironment.
Ligand-Directed Labeling of the Adenosine A1 Receptor in Living Cells Eleonora Comeo, Joëlle Goulding, Chia-Yang Lin, Marleen Groenen, Jeanette Woolard, Nicholas D. Kindon, Clare R. Harwood, Simon Platt, Stephen J. Briddon, Laura E. Kilpatrick, Peter J. Scammells, Stephen J. Hill, Barrie Kellam Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 2024 The study of protein function and dynamics in their native cellular environment is essential for progressing fundamental science. To overcome the requirement of genetic modification of the protein or the limitations of dissociable fluorescent ligands, ligand-directed (LD) chemistry has most recently emerged as a complementary, bioorthogonal approach for labeling native proteins. Here, we describe the rational design, development, and application of the first ligand-directed chemistry approach for labeling the A1AR in living cells. We pharmacologically demonstrate covalent labeling of A1AR expressed in living cells while the orthosteric binding site remains available. The probes were imaged using confocal microscopy and fluorescence correlation spectroscopy to study A1AR localization and dynamics in living cells. Additionally, the probes allowed visualization of the specific localization of A1ARs endogenously expressed in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons. LD probes developed here hold promise for illuminating ligand-binding, receptor signaling, and trafficking of the A1AR in more physiologically relevant environments.
Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of a New Chemotype Fluorescent Ligand for the P2Y2 Receptor Rebecca Knight, Laura E. Kilpatrick, Stephen J. Hill, Michael J. Stocks ACS Medicinal Chemistry Letters, 2024 The P2Y2 receptor (P2Y2R) is a target for diseases including cancer, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, and atherosclerosis. However, there are insufficient P2Y2R antagonists available for validating P2Y2R function and future drug development. Evaluation of how (R)-5-(7-chloro-2-((2-ethoxyethyl)amino)-4H-benzo[5,6]cyclohepta[1,2-d]thiazol-4-yl)-1-methyl-4-thioxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-one, a previously published thiazole-based analogue of AR-C118925, binds in a P2Y2R homology model was used to design new P2Y2R antagonist scaffolds. One P2Y2R antagonist scaffold retained millimolar affinity for the P2Y2R and upon further functionalization with terminal carboxylic acid groups affinity was improved over 100-fold. This functionalized P2Y2R antagonist scaffold was employed to develop new chemotype P2Y2R fluorescent ligands, that were attainable in a convergent five-step synthesis. One of these fluorescent ligands demonstrated micromolar affinity (pKd = 6.02 ± 0.12, n = 5) for the P2Y2R in isolated cell membranes and distinct pharmacology from an existing P2Y2R fluorescent antagonist, suggesting it may occupy a different binding site on the P2Y2R.
Small Molecule Fluorescent Ligands for the Atypical Chemokine Receptor 3 (ACKR3) Sebastian Dekkers, Dehan Comez, Noemi Karsai, Marta Arimont-Segura, Meritxell Canals, Birgit Caspar, Chris de Graaf, Laura E. Kilpatrick, Rob Leurs, Barrie Kellam, Stephen J. Hill, Stephen J. Briddon, Michael J. Stocks ACS Medicinal Chemistry Letters, 2024
Plasma membrane preassociation drives β-arrestin coupling to receptors and activation Jak Grimes, Zsombor Koszegi, Yann Lanoiselée, Tamara Miljus, Shannon L. O’Brien, Tomasz M. Stepniewski, Brian Medel-Lacruz, Mithu Baidya, Maria Makarova, Ravi Mistry, Joëlle Goulding, Julia Drube, Carsten Hoffmann, Dylan M. Owen, Arun K. Shukla, Jana Selent, Stephen J. Hill, Davide Calebiro Cell, 2023
Small-Molecule Fluorescent Ligands for the CXCR4 Chemokine Receptor Sebastian Dekkers, Birgit Caspar, Joëlle Goulding, Nicholas D. Kindon, Laura E. Kilpatrick, Leigh A. Stoddart, Stephen J. Briddon, Barrie Kellam, Stephen J. Hill, Michael J. Stocks Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 2023
Community guidelines for GPCR ligand bias: IUPHAR review 32 Peter Kolb, Terry Kenakin, Stephen P. H. Alexander, Marcel Bermudez, Laura M. Bohn, Christian S. Breinholt, Michel Bouvier, Stephen J. Hill, Evi Kostenis, Kirill A. Martemyanov, Rick R. Neubig, H. Ongun Onaran, Sudarshan Rajagopal, Bryan L. Roth, Jana Selent, Arun K. Shukla, Martha E. Sommer, David E. Gloriam British Journal of Pharmacology, 2022
Kinetic Profiling of Ligands and Fragments Binding to GPCRs by TR-FRET David A. Sykes, Leire Borrega-Roman, Clare R. Harwood, Bradley Hoare, Jack M. Lochray, Thais Gazzi, Stephen J. Briddon, Marc Nazaré, Uwe Grether, Stephen J. Hill, Steven J. Charlton, Dmitry B. Veprintsev Topics in Medicinal Chemistry, 2021
Modulators of CXCR4 and CXCR7/AckR3 function Ilze Adlere, Birgit Caspar, Marta Arimont, Sebastian Dekkers, Kirsten Visser, Jeffrey Stuijt, Chris de Graaf, Michael Stocks, Barrie Kellam, Stephen Briddon, Maikel Wijtmans, Iwan de Esch, Stephen Hill, Rob Leurs Molecular Pharmacology, 2019
Complex Formation between VEGFR2 and the β2-Adrenoceptor Laura E. Kilpatrick, Diana C. Alcobia, Carl W. White, Chloe J. Peach, Jackie R. Glenn, Kris Zimmerman, Alexander Kondrashov, Kevin D.G. Pfleger, Rachel Friedman Ohana, Matthew B. Robers, Keith V. Wood, Erica K. Sloan, Jeanette Woolard, Stephen J. Hill Cell Chemical Biology, 2019
A non-functional galanin receptor-2 in a multiple sclerosis patient Sheila Garcia-Rosa, Daniela BB Trivella, Vanessa D Marques, Rodolfo B Serafim, José GC Pereira, Julio CC Lorenzi, Greice A Molfetta, Paulo P Christo, Guilherme S Olival, Vania BT Marchitto, Doralina G Brum, Thais S Sabedot, Houtan Noushmehr, Alessandro S Farias, Leonilda MB Santos, José A Nogueira-Machado, Jorge ES Souza, Camila M Romano, Rodrigo M Conde, Antonio C Santos, Carlos T Guerreiro, Willem H Schreuder, Frederico O Gleber-Netto, Maria Amorim, Renan Valieris, Israel Tojal da Silva, Wilson A Silva, Diana N Nunes, Paulo SL Oliveira, Valeria Valente, Maria Augusta Arruda, Stephen J Hill, Amilton A Barreira, Emmanuel Dias-Neto Pharmacogenomics Journal, 2019
Visualizing Ligand Binding to a GPCR In Vivo Using NanoBRET Diana C. Alcobia, Alexandra I. Ziegler, Alexander Kondrashov, Eleonora Comeo, Sarah Mistry, Barrie Kellam, Aeson Chang, Jeanette Woolard, Stephen J. Hill, Erica K. Sloan Iscience, 2018
Application of BRET to monitor ligand binding to GPCRs Leigh A Stoddart, Elizabeth K M Johnstone, Amanda J Wheal, Joëlle Goulding, Matthew B Robers, Thomas Machleidt, Keith V Wood, Stephen J Hill, Kevin D G Pfleger Nature Methods, 2015
The Evolving Pharmacology of GPCRs Lauren T. May, Nicholas D. Holliday, Stephen J. Hill Gpcr Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Targeting Shifting Paradigms and New Directions, 2010
Comparison of duration of agonist action at β1- and β2-adrenoceptors in C6 glioma cells: Evidence that the long duration of action of salmeterol Is specific to the β2-adrenoceptor Molecular Pharmacology, 1996
Inhibition by salbutamol, forskolin and IBMX of AlF4-induced inositol phosphate formation in bovine airway smooth muscle. British Journal of Pharmacology, 1989
The 2-chloroadenosine inhibition of histamine-induced inositol phosphates accumulation in mouse brain and calcium ions. British Journal of Pharmacology, 1989
Kinetic studies on the mechanism by which histamine H1 receptors potentiate cyclic AMP accumulation in guinea pig cerebral cortical slices Molecular Pharmacology, 1988
Cannabinoid CB 2 receptor drives trastuzumab resistance and predicts durable anti-HER2 response M Seijo-Vila, SA Balsinde, S Blasco-Benito, I Tundidor, ... Oncogene, 1-16 , 2026 2026
Homozygosity for rare or common hypomorphic IL23R variants confers a predisposition to tuberculosis in humans DO Calderón, LE Kilpatrick, C Conil, Q Philippot, M Ogishi, J Vellutini, ... bioRxiv, 2026.03. 23.713554 , 2026 2026
Characterization of Janelia Fluor dye conjugated XAC ligands as novel fluorescent tools to study A2A and A2B receptors S Shaalan, J Goulding, SJ Hill, J Woolard, LE Kilpatrick BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY 183 (3) , 2026 2026
BRET-based characterisation of the HER2 nanobody Q17c-HiLyte488 S Evenett-Bowker, L Kilpatrick, R Heukers, S Anbuhl, S Hill, N Karsai BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY 183 (3) , 2026 2026
Two-Step Ligand-Directed Covalent Fluorescent Labeling of the Adenosine A 1 -Receptor That Maintains Its Orthosteric Binding Site’s Availability to Bind Ligands CY Lin, S Platt, J Goulding, SJ Briddon, ND Kindon, CR Harwood, CW Lai, ... Journal of Medicinal Chemistry , 2026 2026
TrkC has distinct spatiotemporal dynamics compared to TrkA and TrkB RT Duffy, SJ Hill, CJ Peach bioRxiv, 2025.11. 13.688325 , 2025 2025
Quantitative analysis of human umbilical vein endothelial cell morphology and tubulogenesis V Mignone, MA Arruda, L Kilpatrick, B Moore, J Woolard, S Hill, ... Journal of Microscopy 300 (2), 234-249 , 2025 2025 Citations: 4
Co-targeting MERTK and EGFR with a Bispecific Antibody Overcomes Drug Resistance Across Mutations in Exons 19, 20, and 21 S Giri, BR Selvadurai, A Simoni-Nieves, N Gupta, M Lindzen, ... bioRxiv, 2025.10. 16.681972 , 2025 2025
Histamine receptors in GtoPdb v. 2025.3 P Chazot, P Panula, W Schunack, JC Schwartz, R Seifert, NP Shankley, ... IUPHAR/BPS Guide to Pharmacology CITE 2025 (3) , 2025 2025 Citations: 1
Dual blockade of adenosine A2A and A 2B receptors is required to reverse NECA-induced immunosuppression in human macrophages: Implications for cancer immunotherapy F Patera, A Malecka, B Heath, T Musarrat, AP Kaur, PM Patel, SJ Hill, ... 2025
Using SPAR to analyze arterial blood pressure waves, following fostamatinib and entospletinib administration in radiotelemetry in rats, to aid in cardiovascular safety testing M Van Daele, MS Pascual, G Virk, M Skinner, M Nandi, SJ Hill, J Woolard Journal of Pharmacological and Toxicological Methods 133, 107609 , 2025 2025
Cardiovascular functional and structural alterations induced by VEGFR-2 inhibitors axitinib and lenvatinib P Pannucci, DN Kruger, CD Wesley, PJDF Guns, J Woolard Journal of Pharmacological and Toxicological Methods 133, 107656 , 2025 2025
Acute vascular and cardiac effects of lenvatinib in mice DN Krüger, P Pannucci, CD Wesley, CHG Neutel, W Martinet, ... Cardio-Oncology 11 (1), 14 , 2025 2025 Citations: 2
Kinetic analysis of fluorescent ligand binding to cell surface receptors: Insights into conformational changes and allosterism in living cells SJ Hill, LE Kilpatrick British Journal of Pharmacology 181 (21), 4091-4102 , 2024 2024 Citations: 10
Role of endothelin ETA receptors in the hypertension induced by the VEGFR-2 kinase inhibitors axitinib and lenvatinib in conscious freely-moving rats P Pannucci, M Van Daele, SL Cooper, ES Wragg, J March, M Groenen, ... Biochemical Pharmacology 228, 116007 , 2024 2024 Citations: 8
A novel and selective fluorescent ligand for the study of adenosine A 2B receptors F Patera, SJ Mistry, ND Kindon, E Comeo, J Goulding, B Kellam, ... Pharmacology Research & Perspectives 12 (4), e1223 , 2024 2024 Citations: 3
Ligand-Directed Labeling of the Adenosine A 1 Receptor in Living Cells E Comeo, J Goulding, CY Lin, M Groenen, J Woolard, ND Kindon, ... Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 67 (14), 12099-12117 , 2024 2024 Citations: 15
Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of a New Chemotype Fluorescent Ligand for the P2Y 2 Receptor R Knight, LE Kilpatrick, SJ Hill, MJ Stocks ACS medicinal chemistry letters 15 (7), 1127-1135 , 2024 2024 Citations: 4
Mechano-sensitivity of β2-adrenoceptors enhances constitutive activation of cAMP generation that is inhibited by inverse agonists SA Cullum, S Platt, N Dale, OC Isaac, ES Wragg, M Soave, DB Veprintsev, ... Communications Biology 7 (1), 417 , 2024 2024 Citations: 9
CXCL17 is an allosteric inhibitor of CXCR4 through a mechanism of action involving glycosaminoglycans CW White, S Platt, LE Kilpatrick, N Dale, RS Abhayawardana, S Dekkers, ... Science signaling 17 (828), eabl3758 , 2024 2024 Citations: 22
MOST CITED SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
International Union of Pharmacology. XIII. Classification of histamine receptors SJ Hill, CR Ganellin, H Timmerman, JC Schwartz, NP Shankley, ... Pharmacological reviews 49 (3), 253-278 , 1997 1997 Citations: 1246
Distribution, properties, and functional characteristics of three classes of histamine receptor. SJ Hill Pharmacological reviews 42 (1), 45-83 , 1990 1990 Citations: 833
Molecular pharmacology of VEGF-A isoforms: binding and signalling at VEGFR2 CJ Peach, VW Mignone, MA Arruda, DC Alcobia, SJ Hill, LE Kilpatrick, ... International journal of molecular sciences 19 (4), 1264 , 2018 2018 Citations: 618
G protein-coupled-receptor cross-talk: the fine-tuning of multiple receptor-signalling pathways LA Selbie, SJ Hill Trends in pharmacological sciences 19 (3), 87-93 , 1998 1998 Citations: 393
Application of BRET to monitor ligand binding to GPCRs LA Stoddart, EKM Johnstone, AJ Wheal, J Goulding, MB Robers, ... Nature methods 12 (7), 661-663 , 2015 2015 Citations: 318
G‐protein‐coupled receptors: past, present and future SJ Hill British journal of pharmacology 147 (S1), S27-S37 , 2006 2006 Citations: 294
Transgenic enrichment of cardiomyocytes from human embryonic stem cells D Anderson, T Self, IR Mellor, G Goh, SJ Hill, C Denning Molecular Therapy 15 (11), 2027-2036 , 2007 2007 Citations: 281
Community guidelines for GPCR ligand bias: IUPHAR review 32 P Kolb, T Kenakin, SPH Alexander, M Bermudez, LM Bohn, CS Breinholt, ... British journal of pharmacology 179 (14), 3651-3674 , 2022 2022 Citations: 253
Agonist and inverse agonist actions of β-blockers at the human β2-adrenoceptor provide evidence for agonist-directed signaling JG Baker, IP Hall, SJ Hill Molecular pharmacology 64 (6), 1357-1369 , 2003 2003 Citations: 250
Kinetics for Drug Discovery: an industry-driven effort to target drug residence time Drug Discovery Today , 2017 2017 Citations: 246
Agonist‐occupied A 3 adenosine receptors exist within heterogeneous complexes in membrane microdomains of individual living cells Y Cordeaux, SJ Briddon, SPH Alexander, B Kellam, SJ Hill The FASEB Journal 22 (3), 850-860 , 2008 2008 Citations: 212
THE BINDING OF [ 3 H]MEPYRAMINE TO HISTAMINE H 1 RECEPTORS IN GUINEA‐PIG BRAIN SJ Hill, PC Emson, JM Young Journal of Neurochemistry 31 (4), 997-1004 , 1978 1978 Citations: 204
Kinetic analysis of antagonist-occupied adenosine-A3 receptors within membrane microdomains of individual cells provides evidence of receptor dimerization and allosterism R Corriden, LE Kilpatrick, B Kellam, SJ Briddon, SJ Hill The FASEB Journal 28 (10), 4211 , 2014 2014 Citations: 186
Reporter-gene systems for the study of G-protein-coupled receptors SJ Hill, JG Baker, S Rees Current opinion in pharmacology 1 (5), 526-532 , 2001 2001 Citations: 185
Evolution of β-blockers: from anti-anginal drugs to ligand-directed signalling JG Baker, SJ Hill, RJ Summers Trends in pharmacological sciences 32 (4), 227-234 , 2011 2011 Citations: 181
Fluorescence‐and bioluminescence‐based approaches to study GPCR ligand binding LA Stoddart, CW White, K Nguyen, SJ Hill, KDG Pfleger British journal of pharmacology 173 (20), 3028-3037 , 2016 2016 Citations: 178
Specific binding of 3 H-mepyramine to histamine H 1 receptors in intestinal smooth muscle SJ Hill, JM Young, DH Marrian Nature 270 (5635), 361-363 , 1977 1977 Citations: 168
Quantitative analysis of the formation and diffusion of A1-adenosine receptor-antagonist complexes in single living cells SJ Briddon, RJ Middleton, Y Cordeaux, FM Flavin, JA Weinstein, ... Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 101 (13), 4673-4678 , 2004 2004 Citations: 155
The Growth Response of Escherichia coli to Neurotransmitters and Related Catecholamine Drugs Requires a Functional Enterobactin Biosynthesis and Uptake … CL Burton, SR Chhabra, S Swift, TJ Baldwin, H Withers, SJ Hill, ... Infection and Immunity 70 (11), 5913-5923 , 2002 2002 Citations: 154
Increases in intracellular calcium via activation of an endogenous P2-purinoceptor in cultured CHO-K1 cells PA Iredale, SJ Hill British journal of pharmacology 110 (4), 1305 , 1993 1993 Citations: 152