Kamaraj Raju

@prist.ac.in

Assistant Professor in the Department of Biotechnology
PRIST Deemed to be University, Thanjavur

Kamaraj Raju


                     Download Compact PDF  
https://researchid.co/kamarajmrk
Feb - Sep, 2021 - NSS Programme Officer

2015 - 2017 - Junior Research Fellow (JRF)

2018 - 2020 - Senior Research Fellow (SRF)

2011 - 2015 - Research Technician (HLA typing + Tissue
Cross Matching for Kidney Failure Patients)

EDUCATION

B.Sc - Zoology with Biotechnology

M.Sc - Biotechnology

Ph.D - Immunology

RESEARCH INTERESTS

Immunology
Immunogenetics
Human Population Genetics
16

Scopus Publications

261

Scholar Citations

7

Scholar h-index

7

Scholar i10-index

Scopus Publications

  • Sustainable biogenic synthesis of silver nanoparticles for oral cancer: a comprehensive review
    Ranil Vikraman Kumarasamy, Prabhu Manickam Natarajan, Isai Mathivanan, Mohanapriya Balasubramaniam, Suresh SN, Dhamodharan Prabhu, Kamaraj Raju, Monica Mironescu, Ion Dan Mironescu
    Frontiers in Nanotechnology, 2026
    The increasing incidence of oral malignancies, coupled with the limitations of conventional treatments such as toxicity and drug resistance, has driven the exploration of novel therapeutic approaches. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have emerged as promising anticancer agents due to their distinctive physicochemical attributes, which facilitate antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and tumor-suppressive activities. Unlike traditional chemical or physical synthesis methods, plant-mediated green synthesis offers a sustainable and ecologically sound alternative, leveraging the natural reducing and stabilizing compounds inherent in botanical extracts. This review provides a detailed analysis of contemporary advancements in the eco-conscious production of AgNPs using diverse plant sources and their potential role in addressing oral cancer. Furthermore, the article evaluates the cytotoxic impact of these biogenic nanoparticles on oral cancer cell models, elucidating molecular pathways such as oxidative stress induction, apoptosis activation, and inhibition of proliferative signaling. Clinical implications are explored, emphasizing the balance between therapeutic efficacy and biocompatibility in normal cells. While plant-derived AgNPs present a groundbreaking avenue for targeted oral cancer therapy, challenges such as scalability, standardization, and long-term safety require resolution for successful clinical translation. This synthesis of current knowledge aims to inspire innovative, nature-driven strategies to enhance oral oncology outcomes.
  • Age-Related Macular Degeneration: Therapeutic Strategies Based on Stem Cells
    Isai Mathivanan, Enzmann Volker, Keerthana Thyagarajan, Anitha Thirugnanasambantham Sivasubramanian, Kamaraj Raju, Annadurai Thangaraj
    Stem Cell Reviews and Reports, 2025
  • HLA Genetic Variants in COVID-19 Susceptibility: Assessing Diversity in Indian and Global Populations
    Kamaraj Raju
    Coronaviruses, 2025
    Background: The rapid spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus has had a global impact on various ethnic groups. In order to assess the genetic predisposition of the Indian population towards COVID-19, a comparative analysis was conducted using the Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) to investigate the frequencies of polymorphisms directly or potentially associated with COVID-19 susceptibility, severity, immune response, and fatal outcomes in comparison to other major populations. Objectives: The objective of this study is to evaluate the genetic predisposition of the Indian population to COVID-19 by analyzing the frequencies and associations of Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) polymorphisms. In addition, by delineating the role of specific HLA variants in the Indian context, the study seeks to enhance our understanding of genetic factors influencing COVID-19 impact and contribute to personalized approaches for disease management and prevention across diverse ethnic groups. Methods: We collected allelic information for DRB1 gene from 653 populations globally, as documented in The Allele Frequency Net Database (AFND). Data on COVID-19 susceptibility, severity, mortality, and protective factors were obtained from a previous global study. This study aimed to compare the specific frequencies of HLA-DRB1* in different ethnic groups, including other Indian populations with COVID-19-associated alleles and protective factors. Results: HLA-DRB1*01 was identified as a significant determinant of COVID-19 susceptibility among patients in 28 states of Mexico, whereas DRB1*08 in Saudi Arabian populations, DRB1*09:01 in Japanese populations, and DRB1*15:01 in Italian populations also showed this association. Likewise, DRB1*04 in the Iranian population played a role in disease severity, and DRB1*08 in the Italian population was associated with mortality in COVID-19 patients. In addition, alleles DRB1*01:01 and DRB1*04:01 were found to exhibit a protective role in Northeast England, whereas DRB1*04 demonstrated protective effects in Saudi Arabian populations. Conclusion: The involvement of HLA in COVID-19 requires further investigation, and epidemiological studies should focus on HLA profiles as determinants of the host immune system. Prolonged homozygosity in particular genomic regions could potentially increase susceptibility to COVID-19 infection. Therefore, prudent management strategies are recommended for this pandemic in isolated communities in India and worldwide.
  • Corneal microstructural changes of precise CHST6 gene mutation: a case series
    Durga Murugan, Senthil Kumar Babu, Ezhil Vendhan Kalaimamani, Kamaraj Raju
    Egyptian Journal of Medical Human Genetics, 2024
    Background Macular corneal dystrophy (MCD) is an inherited, autosomal recessive disorder of defective keratan sulfate (KS) metabolism. It is caused by the mutations in carbohydrate sulfotransferase 6 gene (CHST6) which is essential for the sulfation of KS. Unlike the western world, MCD is the most common corneal stromal dystrophy in India, especially in south Indian population; it could be due to high frequency of consanguineous marriages. Case presentation This study presents the clinical findings of one North Indian MCD family, including 6 patients and 3 unaffected relatives. We used slit lamp examination and in vivo confocal microscopy for assessment. Mutation screening was performed with Sanger sequencing, and corneal structure was analyzed through histochemistry and immunohistochemistry. Our comparative findings revealed that all the patients identified with the deletion of major portion of CHST6 that included the Open Reading Frame (ORF). Although all the patients showed significantly reduced central corneal thickness (CCT-250 μm), a drastic decrease in stromal keratocyte count, and depletion of Bowman’s layer compared to controls. Conclusions This study first time revealed that MCD patients from one family with a deletion of major portion of CHST6 that included ORF leads to severe corneal morphological changes.
  • Integrating engineered nanomaterials with extracellular vesicles: advancing targeted drug delivery and biomedical applications
    Hai Jiang, Ranil Vikraman Kumarasamy, JinJin Pei, Kamaraj Raju, Gopalakrishnan Velliyur Kanniappan, Chella Perumal Palanisamy, Ion Dan Mironescu
    Frontiers in Nanotechnology, 2024
    Extracellular vesicles (EVs), natural membrane-bound structures released by cells, offer a promising platform for precise and targeted delivery of therapeutic payloads, including drugs and nanoparticles. This comprehensive review explores the integration of engineered nanomaterials with EVs to advance drug delivery systems. It covers various aspects of this integration, including techniques for synthesizing, loading, characterizing, and applying nanomaterials within EVs. Methodologies for integrating diverse nanocarriers like nanoparticles, liposomes, and quantum dots into EVs are discussed, along with characterization methods such as electron microscopy and light scattering. Attention is also given to considerations of biological compatibility, safety assessments, and strategies for surface modification to enhance targeting precision. Highlighting various applications, including targeted drug delivery, cancer therapy, and vaccine development, the review underscores the potential of EV-nanomaterial hybrids to leverage EVs’ innate targeting capabilities and the versatility of nanomaterials. However, it also addresses challenges such as scalability, standardization, and safety that must be overcome to facilitate the clinical translation of these promising biomedical solutions.
  • The HLA profile and genetic affinities of three primitive Tamil-speaking endogamous groups: Kallars of Thanjavur, Piramalai Kallar and Vanniyar
    Kamaraj Raju, Balakrishnan Karuppiah, Rathika Chinniah
    Egyptian Journal of Medical Human Genetics, 2022
    Background The present study was aimed to study the frequencies of HLA-DRB1/-DQB1 alleles and haplotypes of three endogamous groups of Tamil Nadu state, South India. PCR-SSP typing of HLA-DRB1 and -DQB1 alleles were performed on 111 Kallars of Thanjavur, 80 Piramalai Kallar of Madurai and 119 Vanniyar. Genetic distances, neighbor-joining phylogenetic dendrograms and correspondence analysis have been performed. Results The HLA class II alleles, DRB1*07 (25.2%), DRB1*15 (15.7%), DRB1*14 (11.7%) and DRB1*12 (9.90%) among Kallars of Thanjavur; DRB1*15 (28.7%), DRB1*04 (15.6%), DRB1*10 (14.3%), DRB1*13 (11.2%) and DRB1*03 (9.37%) among Piamalai Kallar and DRB1*15 (24.7%), DRB1*04 (15.9%), DRB1*07 (11.7%), DRB1*12 (11.3%) and DRB1*10 (10.0%) among Vanniyar were more frequent. Similarly, alleles DQB1*06 (31.0%), DQB1*02 (26.5%) and DQB1*05 (24.7%) among Kallars of Thanjavur; DQB1*05 (32.5%), DQB1*06 (31.8%), DQB1*02 (16.2%) and DQB1*03:02 (12.5%) among Piramalai Kallar and DQB1*05 (52.9%), DQB1*06 (22.6%) and DQB1*02 (11.3%) among Vanniyar were more frequent. We genotyped the two most frequent two-locus haplotypes, such as DRB1*15-DQB1*06 and DRB1*07-DQB1*02 for HLA-A/-B/–C alleles to identify the 5-locus extended haplotypes to extrapolate global affinities. We identified a number of five locus extended haplotypes among south Indian population with stronger global affinities. Further, we identified the presence of a highly unique extended haplotypes such as A*11-B*35-C*12-DRB1*07-DQB1*02 (HF:0.1458) in Kallars of Thanjavur, A*03-B*35-C*04-DRB1*15-DQB1*06 (HF:0.1833) in Piramalai Kallar and A*03-B*07-C*07-DRB1*15-DQB1*06 (HF: 0.1800) in Kallars of Thanjavur and (HF: 0.1081) in Vanniyar population. Conclusions Allele distribution and haplotype analysis have demonstrated that the Kallars of Thanjavur, Piramalai Kallar and Vanniyar populations shared HLA alleles with other ethnic and other Indian populations, while showing population specific haplotypes. Analysis of population-specific distribution of HLA alleles is proved to be important in finding out the relatedness of the ethnic groups across continents. The extensive polymorphism of the HLA system also has useful application in the study of the origin, evolution and migration patterns of human populations.
  • Distribution of HLA Alleles and Haplotypes in Tamil-Speaking South Indian Populations: Affinities with Spanish and Austronesian
    R. Kamaraj, K. Balakrishnan, M. Dhivakar, C. Rathika, C. Albert, P. Justinkumar, K. Navaneethakannan
    Russian Journal of Genetics, 2020
    The present study was aimed to study HLA-DRB1, -DQB1 alleles and haplotypes of two endogamous groups of South India. PCR-SSP typing of HLA-DRB1, -DQB1 alleles were performed on 63 Mukkuvar, primarily a coastal population and 101 Valayar, a population primarily living on the fringes of forest areas. Genetic distances, neighbor-joining dendrograms and correspondence analysis have been performed. The HLA class II alleles, DRB1*07 (32.5%), DRB1*15 (23.0%), DRB1*13 (11.1%) and DRB1*12 (10.3%) were more frequent among Mukkuvar. Among Valayar, DRB1*12 (18.8%), DRB1*15 (17.3%), DRB1*04 (15.4%), DRB1*07 (13.4%) and DRB1*10 (10.9%) were more frequent. Similarly, DQB1*06 (38.1%), DQB1*02 (26.2%) and DQB1*05 (20.5%) alleles among Mukkuvar and DQB1*06 (40.2%) and DQB1*05 (28.9%) among Valayar were more frequent. We genotyped the two most common South Indian two-locus haplotypes, such as DRB1*15-DQB1*06 and DRB1*07-DQB1*02 for HLA-A, -B and -C alleles to identify the 5-locus extended haplotypes. We identified the presence of a highly unique extended haplotype A*03-B*35-C*12-DRB1*07-DQB1*02 in Valayar (HF: 0.2777) and Mukkuvar (HF: 0.1666) hitherto not reported in any of the world populations. The HLA-DRB1 allele based phylogenetic analysis have demonstrated the unique and distinct phylogenetic relatedness of Mukkuvar and Valayar with other ethnic populations. The coastal population Mukkuvar is more closely related to Hispanic and Guanche populations. However, the Valayar revealed phylogenetic relatedness with Austronesian and Micronesian populations supporting the theory of coastal migrations of Out-of-Africa ancestral founding populations.
  • Effect of angiotensin converting enzyme gene I/D polymorphism in South Indian children with nephrotic syndrome
    Aravind Selvin Kumar Ramanathan, Balakrishnan Karuppiah, M. Vijayan, Kamaraj Raju, Dhivakar Mani, Rathika Chinniah, M. Thirunavukkarasu, Padma Malini Ravi, Jeyaram Illiayaraja Krishnan, P. Senguttuvan
    Journal of Biomedical Research, 2019
    Nephrotic syndrome is one of the most common childhood kidney diseases. It is mostly found in the age group of 2 to 8 years. Around 10%–15% of nephrotic syndrome cases are non-responders of steroid treatment (SRNS). Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) (I/D) gene association studies are important for detecting kidney disease and herein we assessed the association of ACE (I/D) polymorphism with nephrotic syndrome in South Indian children. We recruited 260 nephrotic syndrome (162 boys and 98 girls) and 218 (140 boys and 78 girls) control subjects. ACE I/D polymorphism was analyzed by PCR using genotype allele specific primers. In ACE (I/D), we did not find significant association for the ungrouped data of nephrotic syndrome children and the control subjects. Kidney biopsies were done in 86 nephrotic syndrome cases (minimal change disease, n=51; focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, n=27; diffuse mesangial proliferation, n=8). We segregated them into the minimal change disease / focal segmental glomerulosclerosis groups and observed that the ACE ‘D’ allele was identified with borderline significance in cases of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and the ‘I’ allele was assessed as having very weak association in cases of minimal change disease. ‘II’ genotype was weakly associated with minimal change disease. Gender specific analysis revealed weak association of ‘ID’ genotype with female nephrotic syndrome in females. Dominant expression of DD genotype was observed in males with nephrotic syndrome. Our finding indicated that ACE (I/D) has moderate association with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. However, due to the limited number of biopsy proven focal segmental glomerulosclerosis subjects enrolled, further studies are required to confirm these results.
  • Predisposition of angiotensin-converting enzyme deletion/deletion genotype to coronary artery disease with type 2 diabetes mellitus in South India
    Balakrishnan Karuppiah, Dhivakar Mani, Rathika Chinniah, Padmamalini Ravi, Krishnan Swaminathan, RA Janarthanan, Murali Vijayan, Kamaraj Raju
    Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism, 2017
    Background: Worldwide, South Asians contribute to a high proportion of coronary artery disease (CAD) burden, mainly attributed to a high prevalence of diabetes. Early identification of such high-risk individuals would enable aggressive disease modification and prevention of complications. Definition of susceptible genotypes early in the course of disease may be one such avenue for reduction in morbidity and mortality from CAD. Aim: Our study was aimed to investigate the insertion/deletion polymorphism of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE I/D) gene and susceptibility to CAD in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in a South Indian population. Subjects and Methods: ACE (I/D) genotyping was performed by polymerase chain reaction specific primer for 187 CAD patients and 185 age- and sex-matched controls. Results: We observed that the ACE“II” genotype was found to be significantly associated with CAD patients (odds ratio [OR] = 1.689; P = 0.028). However, multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that ACE “DD” genotype was found to be most predominant risk factor for CAD patients with T2DM (OR = 6.118; P = 0.001). Conclusion: Our results showed that ACE (I/D) genotypes and alleles presented functional dimorphism in the development of CAD and CAD with T2DM patients in South India. This finding may be extremely useful in identifying subsets of patients where early aggressive treatment of risk factors is warranted.
  • In-vitro assessment of antimicrobial properties and lymphocytotoxicity assay of benzoisochromanequinones polyketide from Streptomyces sp JRG-04
    Ganesan Govindarajan, Raju Kamaraj, Karuppiah Balakrishnan, Velayudhan Satheeja Santhi, Solomon Robinson David Jebakumar
    Microbial Pathogenesis, 2017
  • Gut microbial degradation of organophosphate insecticides-induces glucose intolerance via gluconeogenesis
    Ganesan Velmurugan, Tharmarajan Ramprasath, Krishnan Swaminathan, Gilles Mithieux, Jeyaprakash Rajendhran, Mani Dhivakar, Ayothi Parthasarathy, D.D. Venkatesh Babu, Leishman John Thumburaj, Allen J. Freddy, Vasudevan Dinakaran, Shanavas Syed Mohamed Puhari, Balakrishnan Rekha, Yacob Jenifer Christy, Sivakumar Anusha, Ganesan Divya, Kannan Suganya, Boominathan Meganathan, Narayanan Kalyanaraman, Varadaraj Vasudevan, Raju Kamaraj, Maruthan Karthik, Balakrishnan Jeyakumar, Albert Abhishek, Eldho Paul, Muthuirulan Pushpanathan, Rajamani Koushick Rajmohan, Kumaravel Velayutham, Alexander R. Lyon, Subbiah Ramasamy
    Genome Biology, 2017
  • Association of HLA-DR/DQ alleles and haplotypes with nephrotic syndrome
    Aravind Selvin Kumar Ramanathan, Prabha Senguttuvan, Rathika Chinniah, Murali Vijayan, Manikandan Thirunavukkarasu, Kamaraj Raju, Dhivakar Mani, Padma Malini Ravi, Padmaraj Rajendran, Jeyaram Illiayaraja Krishnan, Balakrishnan Karuppiah
    Nephrology, 2016
  • Correction: Polymorphic alu insertion/deletion in different caste and tribal populations from South India (PLoS ONE (2016) 11:6 (e0157468) DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0157468)
    Rathika Chinniah, Murali Vijayan, Manikandan Thirunavukkarasu, Dhivakar Mani, Kamaraj Raju, Padma Malini Ravi, Ramgopal Sivanadham, Kandeepan Chithan, Mahalakshmi Nithyanandam, Balakrishnan Karuppiah
    Plos One, 2016
  • Susceptible and protective associations of HLA alleles and haplotypes with cervical cancer in South India
    Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, 2016
  • Polymorphic Alu Insertion/Deletion in different caste and tribal populations from South India
    Rathika Chinniah, Murali Vijayan, Manikandan Thirunavukkarasu, Dhivakar Mani, Kamaraj Raju, Padma Malini Ravi, Ramgopal Sivanadham, Kandeepan C, Mahalakshmi N, Balakrishnan Karuppiah
    Plos One, 2016
  • Gradients in distribution of HLA - DRB1* alleles in castes and tribes of South India
    K. Balakrishnan, C. Rathika, R. Kamaraj, R. Subashini, M.P. Saravanan, K.V. Asha, M. Kananan, R. VinothKumar, T. Manikandan, M. Dhivakar, V. Murali
    International Journal of Human Genetics, 2012

RECENT SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS

  • Age-related macular degeneration: therapeutic strategies based on stem cells
    I Mathivanan, E Volker, K Thyagarajan, AT Sivasubramanian, K Raju, ...
    Stem Cell Reviews and Reports 21 (7), 1867-1882 , 2025
    2025
    Citations: 3
  • HLA Genetic Variants in COVID-19 Susceptibility: Assessing Diversity in Indian and Global Populations
    K Raju
    Coronaviruses 6 (3), E26667975332701 , 2025
    2025
  • Biosafety and Environmental Impact Assessment of Nanopesticides
    R Singh, K Raju
    Nanotechnology Applications in Modern Agriculture, 381-405 , 2025
    2025
  • Nanoscale Nutrient Delivery for Hydroponics and Aeroponics
    R Singh, K Raju
    Nanotechnology Applications in Modern Agriculture, 327-345 , 2025
    2025
  • Nanoencapsulation of Agricultural Inputs
    G Jayaraj, M Balasubramaniam, K Raju
    Nanotechnology Applications in Modern Agriculture, 51-79 , 2025
    2025
    Citations: 3
  • In Vivo Infiltration Techniques for Nanoparticle Delivery
    G Balathandayuthapani, K Raju, K Venkatachalam, CP Palanisamy
    Plant Nanotechnology Fundamentals and Methodologies, 439-468 , 2025
    2025
  • Integrating engineered nanomaterials with extracellular vesicles: advancing targeted drug delivery and biomedical applications
    H Jiang, RV Kumarasamy, JJ Pei, K Raju, GV Kanniappan, ...
    Frontiers in Nanotechnology 6, 1513683 , 2025
    2025
    Citations: 17
  • Sustainable biogenic synthesis of silver nanoparticles for oral cancer: a comprehensive review
    RV Kumarasamy, PM Natarajan, I Mathivanan, M Balasubramaniam, ...
    Frontiers in Nanotechnology 7, 1648900 , 2025
    2025
  • Corneal microstructural changes of precise CHST6 gene mutation: a case series
    D Murugan, SK Babu, EV Kalaimamani, K Raju
    Egyptian Journal of Medical Human Genetics 25 (1), 103 , 2024
    2024
  • Empirical Analysis for Classification and Prediction of Protein Family using Machine Learning
    TS Rashmi, M Veena, R Kamaraj, J NM
    International Journal of Biology, Pharmacy and Allied Sciences 12 (12), 598-612 , 2023
    2023
  • The HLA profile and genetic affinities of three primitive Tamil-speaking endogamous groups: Kallars of Thanjavur, Piramalai Kallar and Vanniyar
    K Raju, B Karuppiah, R Chinniah
    Egyptian Journal of Medical Human Genetics 23 (1), 162 , 2022
    2022
    Citations: 2
  • Distribution of HLA alleles and haplotypes in Tamil-speaking South Indian Populations: affinities with Spanish and Austronesian
    R Kamaraj, K Balakrishnan, M Dhivakar, C Rathika, C Albert, ...
    Russian Journal of Genetics 56 (9), 1139-1150 , 2020
    2020
    Citations: 3
  • Predisposition of angiotensin-converting enzyme deletion/deletion genotype to coronary artery disease with type 2 diabetes mellitus in South India
    D Mani, R Chinniah, P Ravi, K Swaminathan, RA Janarthanan, M Vijayan, ...
    Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism 21 (6), 882-885 , 2017
    2017
    Citations: 10
  • In-vitro assessment of antimicrobial properties and lymphocytotoxicity assay of benzoisochromanequinones polyketide from Streptomyces sp JRG-04
    G Govindarajan, R Kamaraj, K Balakrishnan, VS Santhi, SRD Jebakumar
    Microbial Pathogenesis 110, 117-127 , 2017
    2017
    Citations: 7
  • Gut microbial degradation of organophosphate insecticides-induces glucose intolerance via gluconeogenesis
    G Velmurugan, T Ramprasath, K Swaminathan, G Mithieux, J Rajendhran, ...
    Genome biology 18 (1), 8 , 2017
    2017
    Citations: 152
  • Association of HLA‐DR/DQ alleles and haplotypes with nephrotic syndrome
    ASK Ramanathan, P Senguttuvan, R Chinniah, M Vijayan, ...
    Nephrology 21 (9), 745-752 , 2016
    2016
    Citations: 23
  • Polymorphic Alu Insertion/Deletion in Different Caste and Tribal Populations from South India
    R Chinniah, M Vijayan, M Thirunavukkarasu, D Mani, K Raju, PM Ravi, ...
    PLoS One 11 (6), e0157468 , 2016
    2016
    Citations: 10
  • Susceptible and protective associations of HLA alleles and haplotypes with cervical cancer in South India
    C Rathika, V Murali, M Dhivakar, R Kamaraj, RP Malini, S Ramgopal, ...
    Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 17 (5), 2491-2497 , 2016
    2016
    Citations: 14
  • Effect of angiotensin converting enzyme gene I/D polymorphism in South Indian children with nephrotic syndrome
    ASK Ramanathan, B Karuppiah, M Vijayan, K Raju, D Mani, R Chinniah, ...
    Journal of Biomedical Research 33 (3), 201 , 2016
    2016
    Citations: 3
  • Association of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme gene I/D polymorphism in female children with Nephrotic syndrome in south India
    ASR Kumar, K Balakrishnan, V Murali, R Kamaraj, M Dhivaka, C Rathika, ...
    PEDIATRIC NEPHROLOGY 28 (8), 1464-1465 , 2013
    2013

MOST CITED SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS

  • Gut microbial degradation of organophosphate insecticides-induces glucose intolerance via gluconeogenesis
    G Velmurugan, T Ramprasath, K Swaminathan, G Mithieux, J Rajendhran, ...
    Genome biology 18 (1), 8 , 2017
    2017
    Citations: 152
  • Association of HLA‐DR/DQ alleles and haplotypes with nephrotic syndrome
    ASK Ramanathan, P Senguttuvan, R Chinniah, M Vijayan, ...
    Nephrology 21 (9), 745-752 , 2016
    2016
    Citations: 23
  • Integrating engineered nanomaterials with extracellular vesicles: advancing targeted drug delivery and biomedical applications
    H Jiang, RV Kumarasamy, JJ Pei, K Raju, GV Kanniappan, ...
    Frontiers in Nanotechnology 6, 1513683 , 2025
    2025
    Citations: 17
  • Susceptible and protective associations of HLA alleles and haplotypes with cervical cancer in South India
    C Rathika, V Murali, M Dhivakar, R Kamaraj, RP Malini, S Ramgopal, ...
    Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 17 (5), 2491-2497 , 2016
    2016
    Citations: 14
  • Gradients in distribution of HLA–DRB1 alleles in castes and tribes of South India
    K Balakrishnan, C Rathika, R Kamaraj, R Subashini, MP Saravanan, ...
    International Journal of Human Genetics 12 (1), 45-55 , 2012
    2012
    Citations: 14
  • Predisposition of angiotensin-converting enzyme deletion/deletion genotype to coronary artery disease with type 2 diabetes mellitus in South India
    D Mani, R Chinniah, P Ravi, K Swaminathan, RA Janarthanan, M Vijayan, ...
    Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism 21 (6), 882-885 , 2017
    2017
    Citations: 10
  • Polymorphic Alu Insertion/Deletion in Different Caste and Tribal Populations from South India
    R Chinniah, M Vijayan, M Thirunavukkarasu, D Mani, K Raju, PM Ravi, ...
    PLoS One 11 (6), e0157468 , 2016
    2016
    Citations: 10
  • In-vitro assessment of antimicrobial properties and lymphocytotoxicity assay of benzoisochromanequinones polyketide from Streptomyces sp JRG-04
    G Govindarajan, R Kamaraj, K Balakrishnan, VS Santhi, SRD Jebakumar
    Microbial Pathogenesis 110, 117-127 , 2017
    2017
    Citations: 7
  • Age-related macular degeneration: therapeutic strategies based on stem cells
    I Mathivanan, E Volker, K Thyagarajan, AT Sivasubramanian, K Raju, ...
    Stem Cell Reviews and Reports 21 (7), 1867-1882 , 2025
    2025
    Citations: 3
  • Nanoencapsulation of Agricultural Inputs
    G Jayaraj, M Balasubramaniam, K Raju
    Nanotechnology Applications in Modern Agriculture, 51-79 , 2025
    2025
    Citations: 3
  • Distribution of HLA alleles and haplotypes in Tamil-speaking South Indian Populations: affinities with Spanish and Austronesian
    R Kamaraj, K Balakrishnan, M Dhivakar, C Rathika, C Albert, ...
    Russian Journal of Genetics 56 (9), 1139-1150 , 2020
    2020
    Citations: 3
  • Effect of angiotensin converting enzyme gene I/D polymorphism in South Indian children with nephrotic syndrome
    ASK Ramanathan, B Karuppiah, M Vijayan, K Raju, D Mani, R Chinniah, ...
    Journal of Biomedical Research 33 (3), 201 , 2016
    2016
    Citations: 3
  • The HLA profile and genetic affinities of three primitive Tamil-speaking endogamous groups: Kallars of Thanjavur, Piramalai Kallar and Vanniyar
    K Raju, B Karuppiah, R Chinniah
    Egyptian Journal of Medical Human Genetics 23 (1), 162 , 2022
    2022
    Citations: 2
  • HLA Genetic Variants in COVID-19 Susceptibility: Assessing Diversity in Indian and Global Populations
    K Raju
    Coronaviruses 6 (3), E26667975332701 , 2025
    2025
  • Biosafety and Environmental Impact Assessment of Nanopesticides
    R Singh, K Raju
    Nanotechnology Applications in Modern Agriculture, 381-405 , 2025
    2025
  • Nanoscale Nutrient Delivery for Hydroponics and Aeroponics
    R Singh, K Raju
    Nanotechnology Applications in Modern Agriculture, 327-345 , 2025
    2025
  • In Vivo Infiltration Techniques for Nanoparticle Delivery
    G Balathandayuthapani, K Raju, K Venkatachalam, CP Palanisamy
    Plant Nanotechnology Fundamentals and Methodologies, 439-468 , 2025
    2025
  • Sustainable biogenic synthesis of silver nanoparticles for oral cancer: a comprehensive review
    RV Kumarasamy, PM Natarajan, I Mathivanan, M Balasubramaniam, ...
    Frontiers in Nanotechnology 7, 1648900 , 2025
    2025
  • Corneal microstructural changes of precise CHST6 gene mutation: a case series
    D Murugan, SK Babu, EV Kalaimamani, K Raju
    Egyptian Journal of Medical Human Genetics 25 (1), 103 , 2024
    2024
  • Empirical Analysis for Classification and Prediction of Protein Family using Machine Learning
    TS Rashmi, M Veena, R Kamaraj, J NM
    International Journal of Biology, Pharmacy and Allied Sciences 12 (12), 598-612 , 2023
    2023

GRANT DETAILS

🔵 (2015-2020) - UGC - BSR - Meritorious Fellow

CONSULTANCY

HLA typing / Tissue Cross Matching Services from various hospitals of Tamilnadu (during 2011-2015)

SOCIAL, ECONOMIC, or ACADEMIC BENEFITS

🔴 (2017-2018) - Tamilnadu State Co-ordinator and Thanjavur District President of Citizen First Human Rights Association.