Draft genome sequences of two clinical isolates of Candida tropicalis from Iraq Wafaa S. H. AL-Nasrawi, Ban T. Mohammed, Adnan A. Lahuf Microbiology Resource Announcements, 2026 Candida tropicalis is an emerging human pathogen associated with oral candidiasis. In the current study, we report the draft genome sequences of two C. tropicalis isolates that were associated with multidrug resistance and outbreaks in different hospitals in Karbala province, Iraq.
Isolation, Molecular Identification, Virulence Factors, and Antifungal Susceptibility of Some Dermatophytes in Karbala, Iraq Marwah H. ALjarah, Ban T. Mohammed, Adnan A. Lahuf Egyptian Journal of Medical Microbiology Egypt, 2026 Background: Dermatophytes are a group of keratinophilic fungi responsible for a wide range of superficial mycoses known as dermatophytosis This study aimed to isolate and identify dermatophytes from clinically infected patients in Karbala province, Iraq, and to assess their virulence factors and antifungal susceptibility profiles. Objectives: The aims of this study were isolation, molecular identification, virulence factors determination, and antifungal susceptibility of some dermatophytes in Karbala province, Iraq. Methodology: A total of 126 clinical samples were collected from infected skin, hair, and nail sites under the supervision of a dermatologist. Dermatophyte isolation was performed using Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SDA), followed by morphological, microscopic, and molecular identification via PCR. A total of 43 isolates (34%) were confirmed as dermatophytes. Results: Among these, Microsporum canis was predominant (86%, n=37), while its teleomorphic (sexual) stage (Arthroderma otae) represented 14% (n=6). Virulence factors such as lipase, protease, phospholipase, keratinase, and hemolysins were investigated. Most isolates exhibited the ability to produce multiple virulence enzymes. Antifungal susceptibility testing revealed high sensitivity to clotrimazole, followed by itraconazole and ketoconazole, whereas fluconazole showed no inhibitory effect. Conclusions These findings offer insights into the prevalence, pathogenicity, and therapeutic responsiveness of local dermatophyte infections, contributing to the development of improved management strategies for dermatophytosis in the region.
First report of seed decay and seedling damping-off of wheat (Triticum aestivum) caused by seed-transmitted Alternaria rosae in Iraq Z. L. Hameed, B. T. Mohammed New Disease Reports, 2024 During the 2022 to 2023 growing season, a survey was conducted of the 13 wheat varieties (Adna, Baghdad, Chad, French, Ibaa 99, Jihan, Maxipak, Rashed, Research 22, Sham, Tigris1, Tigris 2, and Wafeia) most commonly grown in Karbala Governorate, Iraq. A persistent problem of seed germination failure rates, as high as 30% during the period of seedling emergence, had been noted in the Al-Sahrawea and Ain Altemr regions. This study was done to determine the reasons for this failure in seed germination, including the presence of seed-transmitted pathogens. One hundred seeds of each of the 13 varieties were collected from wheat fields in the Al-Khayrat, Al-Hurr, Al-Sahrawea, Ain Altemr and Al-Jadual Al Garby regions in Karbala. The seeds were disinfected using a 2% sodium hypochlorite solution for three minutes, then washed three times in sterile distilled water and dried on sterile filter paper. The disinfected seeds were then sterilised using 70% ethanol for 30 seconds and left to dry for 10 minutes. The sterilised seeds were placed on sterile potato dextrose agar medium supplemented with streptomycin sulphate (100 mg/l), incubated in the dark at 25°C and monitored daily. After one week, fungal colonies growing around the seeds were purified using the colony tip method. Fifty-one purified fungal isolates were obtained, of which eleven appeared similar. Colonies of these eleven isolates were primarily greyish-white before turning dark olive green, and had plentiful cotton-like aerial hypha (Figure 1). The microscopic characteristics of conidia were obclavate with 1–3 transverse septa and 0–3 longitudinal brown septa (Figure 2). The septa (n = 50) measured 13–28.5 × 6–14 µm. These morphological features were consistent with previous descriptions of Alternaria species (Simmons, 2007). Pure cultures of three representative isolates were sent to Macrogen, Inc. (South Korea) for DNA extraction and multilocus sequence typing. Four gene markers were amplified and sequenced partially using a specific primer set for each of these markers. The rDNA-ITS region was amplified with primers ITS5 / ITS4 (White et al., 1990), the transcription elongation factor 1-a with EF1-983F/EF1-2218R primers (Rehner & Buckley, 2005), the RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (RPB2) with RPB2-5F2/fRPB2-7cR primers (Sung et al., 2007), and actin (actA) using ACT-512F/ACT-783R primers (Lahuf et al., 2020). BLASTn analysis showed 100% identity with isolates of Alternaria rosae E.G. Simmons & C.F. Hill (KU375630.1, ON601003.1, XM_046168987.1, and XM_046175284.1). The sequences of one of the isolates were deposited in GenBank under Accession Nos. PP732704.1, PP750863.1, PP750862 and PP750861.1. The pathogenicity of A. rosae isolate Karbala-1 was evaluated using a Petri plate method (Lahuf et al., 2019). A 5-mm-diameter disk, taken from the edge of a one-week-old pure colony of A. rosae, was placed in the centre of a water-agar plate and incubated in darkness at 25°C for three days. Two-hundred certified seeds of wheat cv. Ibaa 99 were disinfected as described previously. The seeds were then divided equally into two groups. The first group was placed around A. rosae colonies (10 seeds/plate). The second group was placed in a non-inoculated water-agar plate as a control. All plates were incubated at 25°C. Seed germination and inhibition percentages were measured a week after planting. None of the inoculated seeds germinated whereas all the control seeds germinated. Half of the germinated control seeds were then planted in peat moss (10 seedlings/pot) and inoculated with 10 mL of 1×105 conidia of A. rosae isolate Karbala-1. The remaining control seedlings were inoculated with 10 mL of sterile distilled water. After a week, all the inoculated seedlings had weak growth with shoot wilting and yellowing and light to dark brown zones on the roots. To fulfill Koch's postulates, the pathogen was re-isolated and sequenced to confirm the presence of A. rosae. These results clearly show the importance of ensuring the quality of wheat seeds, which must be taken into consideration when growing this essential crop. To our knowledge, this report is the first of A. rosae in Iraq as a seed-transmitted pathogen of wheat. The authors would like to express their appreciation to the Plant Protection Department, Agriculture College, University of Kerbala, and the Iraqi Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research for their support.
Evaluation of Nano - Silver and Zinc Particles in Fungi Accompanying Historical Manuscripts at the Husseini Shrine in Karbala Ban Taha Mohammed, Alaa Aqeel Jasim Aip Conference Proceedings, 2023 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Ban Taha Mohammed, Alaa Aqeel Jasim; Evaluation of nano - Silver and zinc particles in fungi accompanying historical manuscripts at the Husseini Shrine in Karbala. AIP Conf. Proc. 13 February 2023; 2414 (1): 020038. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0115536 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAIP Publishing PortfolioAIP Conference Proceedings Search Advanced Search |Citation Search
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RECENT SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
Isolation of Trichophyton interdigitale from Clinical Specimens, Its Molecular Identification, Antifungal Susceptibility Profiling, and Virulence Factors Assessment MH ALjarah, BT Mohammed, AA Lahufb Egyptian Journal of Medical Microbiology , 2026 2026
Draft genome sequences of two clinical isolates of Candida tropicalis from Iraq WSH Al-Nasrawi, BT Mohammed, AA Lahuf Microbiology Resource Announcements 15 (2), e01183-25 , 2026 2026 Citations: 1
Isolation, Molecular Identification, Virulence Factors, and Antifungal Susceptibility of Some Dermatophytes in Karbala, Iraq MH ALjarah, BT Mohammed, AA Lahuf Egyptian Journal of Medical Microbiology 35 (1) , 2026 2026
Trees instead of umbrellas and roofs – Karbala Road for visitors – PDBT Mohammed The official website of the University of Karbala , 2024 2024
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Outlooks of Nanotechnology with Mycorrhizae BT Mohammed Unveiling the Mycorrhizal World , 2024 2024
First report of seed decay and seedling damping‐off of wheat (Triticum aestivum) caused by seed‐transmitted Alternaria rosae in Iraq ZL Hameed, BT Mohammed New Disease Reports 50 (1) , 2024 2024
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The interaction between the mineral and nano zinc with mycorrhiza on the concentration of some nutrients, the ratio of K/Na and the proportion of protein in grains of wheat … HK Aljenaby, BT Mohammed, QH Al-Semmak NeuroQuantology 20 (12), 1183 , 2022 2022 Citations: 2
Inhibition of some fungi isolated from historical manuscripts by nanoparticles AAA Alaa Aqeel Jasim , Ban Taha Mohammed ,Ibrahem Mordhy Radi 2022
Evaluation of Some normal and naon filterates activity Against Black Molds In vitro Conditions S the master's thesis Nabaa MSc.Thesis 2022 Karbala University, College of Education , 2022 2022
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MOST CITED SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
MOLECULAR AND ENZYMATIC PROPERTIES OF FUNGI ISOLATED FROM HISTORICAL MANUSCRIPTS PRESERVED AT THE AL-HUSSEIN. AA Jasim, BT Mohammed, AA Lahuf Biochemical & Cellular Archives 19 (2) , 2019 2019 Citations: 10
Molecular characterization and gene expression profiling of Trichophyton rubrum treated with a Marasmius palmivorus filtrate BTM Nadia N. H. Al-Masaoodi1 , Jawad K. Abood Al-Janabi2 * Drug Invention Today 14 (6), 877-888 , 2020 2020 Citations: 8
Manuscripts Preserved at the Al-Hussein Holy Shrine: Isolation and Diagnosis of Fungi Causing Potential Damage BT Mohammed, MHDTM ALmutairy Indian Journal of Ecology 45 (1), 214-221 , 2018 2018 Citations: 8
EVALUATION OF MINERAL, NANO-ZINC AND FLUCONAZOLE INTERACTION ON SOME GROWTH CHARACTERISTICS OF TRICHOPHYTON RUBRUM AND MICROSPORUM CANIS. SG Yassin, BT Mohammed Biochemical & Cellular Archives 21 (1) , 2021 2021 Citations: 7
EFFECT OF NANO-SILVERS, NANO-ZINC OXIDE AND BENOMYL PESTICIDE ON SOME PHYSIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF SCLEROTINIA SCLEROTIORUM BTMAMB Husham A. Mehdi1 Biochem. Cell. Arch. 18 (No. 2,), pp. 2181-2196 , 2018 2018 Citations: 7
Effect of Silver and Zinc oxide Nanocompound Mixture on Growth and Some Physiological Properties of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum BTMAMB Husham A. Mehdi Indian Journal of Ecology 45 (2), 358-366 , 2018 2018 Citations: 7
Occurrence, morphological, and molecular characteristics of Trichophyton erinacei in Iraq. NNH AL Masaoodi, BT Mohammed, JKA Al-Janabi Drug Invention Today 14 (6) , 2020 2020 Citations: 6
Molecular assay of Polyketide Synthase gene of Alternariol (AOH) produce by Alternaria alternata SMN Fadhil S. Zghair1, Ban T. Mohamed2 International Journal of Innovation and Applied Studies 9 (2014), 1124‐1127 , 2014 2014 Citations: 6
Molecular and chemical properties of a common medicinal plants in Iraq. SG Yassin, BT Mohammed EurAsian Journal of BioSciences 14 (2) , 2020 2020 Citations: 4
Diagnosis of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum by using PCR and determination of oxalic acid produced under different ecological and chemical conditions. BT Mohammed, HAM Almothafer مجلة الفرات للعلوم الزراعية 3 (2013), 179--192 , 2013 2013 Citations: 3
The interaction between the mineral and nano zinc with mycorrhiza on the concentration of some nutrients, the ratio of K/Na and the proportion of protein in grains of wheat … HK Aljenaby, BT Mohammed, QH Al-Semmak NeuroQuantology 20 (12), 1183 , 2022 2022 Citations: 2
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Effect of Aqueous extracts of Licorice ( Glycyrrhiza glabra L ) and Cinnamome (Cinnamomum zylanicum ) on growth characteristics of Algae . AAMFMHBT Mohammed Journal of Babylon University 3 (4) , 1999 1999 Citations: 2
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Isolation of Trichophyton interdigitale from Clinical Specimens, Its Molecular Identification, Antifungal Susceptibility Profiling, and Virulence Factors Assessment MH ALjarah, BT Mohammed, AA Lahufb Egyptian Journal of Medical Microbiology , 2026 2026
Isolation, Molecular Identification, Virulence Factors, and Antifungal Susceptibility of Some Dermatophytes in Karbala, Iraq MH ALjarah, BT Mohammed, AA Lahuf Egyptian Journal of Medical Microbiology 35 (1) , 2026 2026
Trees instead of umbrellas and roofs – Karbala Road for visitors – PDBT Mohammed The official website of the University of Karbala , 2024 2024
Outdoor fans from air conditioners, generators and global warming, yeast and mould infections PDBT Mohammed The official website of the University of Karbala , 2024 2024
