Predictors of Functional Outcomes of Nonoperatively Treated Extra-articular Distal End Radius Fractures in Older Individuals: A Prospective Clinical Study Neel Aggarwal, Siddhartha Sinha, Arvind Kumar, Sandeep Kumar, Owais A. Qureshi, Javed Jameel Hand, 2026 Background: Distal radius fractures (DRFs) are some of the most common injuries suffered by the elderly; however, there are varied opinions on management. As there is limited research on patient factors affecting functional outcomes in conservatively managed patients with DRFs, this study aimed to find predictive factors for functional outcomes in such patients. Methods: Patients with DRFs satisfying the inclusion criteria were managed with closed reduction and slab followed by cast application. Radiological parameters (radioulnar angulation, dorsal tilt, radial height, and ulnar variance) and functional scores (patient-rated wrist evaluation [PRWE] score, Short Form 8 questionnaire [SF-8], and QuickDASH [Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand]-9) were recorded prereduction, postreduction, at the time of cast removal, and in follow-up visits. Patient factors such as underlying diseases were also recorded, and correlations were analyzed using appropriate software. Results: Patients with diabetes (43.33% of patients) and those with loss in radial height through the course of treatment were found to have poorer functional outcomes ( P -values less than .05 for all functional scores—PRWE, QuickDASH-9, SF-8—except SF-8 at 12 weeks). Patients younger than 60 years were also found to have better functional outcomes at 24 weeks (for PRWE: P -value = .048, for QuickDASH-9: P -value = .032, and for SF-8: P -value = .026). Conclusion: Conservative management plays a major role in the treatment of DRFs, despite the increasing trend of operative management. Diabetes was found to be a predictor of poorer functional outcomes; however, further research is needed to determine the role of these and other factors in detail.
Fostering Global Well-Being: Insights From India on Learned Happiness for Administrators and Education Policy-Makers Sandeep Kumar, Arvind Kumar Journal of Public Affairs, 2025 A nation can make great strides in progress when the happiness of all its residents is prioritized. This is because happiness is the driving force behind improved mental health, enhanced creativity, heightened awareness, and the development of strong social bonds. Consequently, it becomes crucial for a nation's harmonious growth to instill a sense of happiness in all its citizens from early childhood, allowing the positive effects of this knowledge to ripple throughout their lives. In this endeavor, schools play a pivotal role, and governments worldwide recognize and endorse the importance of schools in this regard. Government of the National Capital Territory of Delhi (GNCTD) has taken an innovative step in this direction to nurture the emotional well‐being of teenagers by introducing a happiness curriculum in upper primary classes. While this initiative appears to be a significant grassroots effort in addressing the emotional competence and happiness of students, its actual impact is yet to be fully assessed. By surveying two hundred sixty‐three students through systematic sampling, this study offers valuable insights to educators and policymakers around the world by revealing that the impact of the happiness curriculum on students' satisfaction with their basic psychological needs is substantially positive. Besides it, the study also suggest that the introduction of happiness curriculum influences the well‐being of students at their core by uplifting their competence and social resilience.
