Microwave-assisted extraction enhances the antioxidant and anti-diabetic activities of polyphenol-rich Phyllanthus emblica fruit extract Monica Suryani, Ana Yulyana, Sumaiyah Sumaiyah, Khairani Fitri, Lokot Donna Lubis, Wardiyah Daulay, Chemayanti Surbakti, Ririn Astyka, Muhammad Fauzan Lubis Discover Food, 2025 Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a globally prevalent metabolic disorder marked by chronic high blood glucose levels, typically arising from inadequate insulin production, impaired insulin function, or both. This study evaluated the antioxidant and anti-diabetic potential of Phyllanthus emblica fruit extract obtained via microwave-assisted extraction (MAE). The optimized conditions (70.14% ethanol, 432.22 W, and 13.57 min) resulted in total flavonoid and phenolic contents of 42.85 ± 0.81 mg QE/g d.w. and 69.23 ± 0.95 mg GAE/g d.w., respectively, as determined using Box-Behnken Design (BBD) and response surface methodology (RSM). LC–HRMS analysis identified eleven phenolic compounds, including quercetin, kaempferol, and rutin. The extract exhibited strong antioxidant activity in DPPH, ABTS, and H₂O₂ scavenging assays, and significantly inhibited α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes in vitro. In vivo studies using streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats demonstrated that oral administration of the extract (400 mg/kg/day) for 30 days significantly reduced fasting blood glucose and HbA1c levels, increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and improved pancreatic histoarchitecture. These results indicate that Phyllanthus emblica fruit extract represents a valuable natural candidate for antioxidant and antidiabetic activities, offering potential for development in both therapeutic and functional food applications.
Anti-prostate cancer activity of Litsea cubeba ethanol extract through network pharmacology, molecular docking, and biological validation Ana Gabriela Silva Olivera, Marina Andrade Rocha, Princella Halim, Chemayanti Surbakti, Aminah Dalimunthe, Alex Insandus Sitohang, Fahrul Nurkolis, Jicaury Roberta Pereira da Silva, Estéfani Alves Asevedo, Hélio Bastia Santos, Ralph Gruppi Thomé, Rosy Iara Maciel de Azambuja Ribeiro, Rony Abdi Syahputra Discover Food, 2025 This study employed network pharmacology and molecular docking to elucidate the anticancer mechanisms of Litsea cubeba against prostate cancer. Through integrative analysis, 661 shared molecular targets between Litsea cubeba and prostate cancer were identified, underscoring its broad therapeutic potential via multiple signaling pathways, notably AGE-RAGE, PI3K-Akt, FoxO, and specific prostate cancer cascades. Protein–protein interaction analysis highlighted key hub genes such as TP53, SRC, and STAT3, central to cancer progression. Docking studies validated these findings, revealing strong binding affinities between bioactive compounds—especially afzelin and trifolin—and pivotal proteins. Afzelin demonstrated exceptional docking scores with SRC (− 11.1 kcal/mol) and MAPK1 (− 9.0 kcal/mol), while trifolin showed significant interactions with EGFR (− 8.8 kcal/mol) and HSP90AA1 (− 8.1 kcal/mol). These interactions were stabilized by critical amino acid residues, potentially disrupting cancer-related signaling and enhancing apoptosis. Acute toxicity assessments in mice indicated that ethanol extracts of L. cubeba leaves at doses up to 5000 mg/kg caused no mortality or overt toxicity symptoms, including neurological or gastrointestinal disturbances. Observations of stable body weights, food intake, and relative organ weights further supported the extract's safety profile. Biochemical analyses demonstrated normal urea, creatinine, and liver enzyme levels, with only a mild, non-toxic elevation of SGOT observed in female mice at the highest dose. In vitro cytotoxicity assays revealed promising anticancer activity against prostate cancer PC3 cells (IC50 of 141.2 µg/mL). Complementary toxicity screening in zebrafish embryos confirmed minimal developmental toxicity and negligible impact on cardiac function at therapeutic concentrations, although moderate irritation potential was noted via the HET-CAM assay. Overall, this study positions Litsea cubeba as a viable candidate for prostate cancer therapy, highlighting its multitarget anticancer properties and favorable safety profile, warranting further experimental validation and pharmacokinetic exploration.
SIMULTANEOUS ANALYSIS OF ISONIAZID AND PYRIDOXINE HYDROCHLORIDE IN TABLET DOSAGE FORM USING PARTIAL LEAST SQUARES BASED ON INFRARED SPECTRA PROFILE LISDA RIMAYANI NASUTION, SEREN ERNEST FLAVIA, YADE METRIPERMATA, MUCHLISYAM BACHRI, HAFID SYAHPUTRA, CHEMAYANTI SURBAKTI International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics, 2025 Objective: The purpose of this research was to simultaneously analyse a mixture of Isoniazid (INH) and Pyridoxine Hydrochloride (PDX) in tablet dosage form using Partial Least Square (PLS) based on infrared spectra profile. Methods: The calibration models were measured at five concentrations levels (w/w) of INH and PDX within the wavenumber ranges of 779.24-713.66 cm-1for INH and 829.39-763.81 cm-1for PDX. Model performance was evaluated through internal validation using leave-one-out-cross validation (LOO-CV), with accuracy and precision assessed by the coefficient of determination (R2), Prediction Error Sum of Squares (PRESS), and Root mean Square Error of Cross Validation (RMSECV). Divisor approach was applied to separate the spectrum of the individual components within the mixture. Results: The PLS models for INH and PDX levels showed excellent validation results, with R2 values of 0.9996 and 0.9969, PRESS values of 0.8106 and 0.3129, and RMSCEV values of 0.3675 and 0.2283, respectively. The INH level on INHA® 400 and Pehadoxin Forte® tablets were 102.90% and 105.45% of the labelled amount, while the PDX level was 98.93% and 101.57% of the labelled amount, respectively. Conclusion: The PLS model based on infrared spectra profiles demonstrated high accuracy, precision, and effectiveness, offering a non-destructive method for simultaneous analysis of INH and PDX in tablet dosage form. This method is applicable to pharmaceutical quality monitoring.
Optimization microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) to obtain total phenol from Ampelocissus thyrsiflora (Blume) Planch leaves for antibacterial activity response of Staphylococcus Epidermidis Chemayanti Surbakti, Angel Felecia Siallagan, Muhammad Fauzan Lubis, Lisda Rimayani Nasution Multidisciplinary Science Journal, 2025 Ampelocissus thyrsiflora (Blume) Planch. is a traditional North Sumatra medicinal plant that can be used to cure various ailments, such as wounds, diarrhea, infections, and as a stamina enhancer. A. thyrsiflora leaves contain secondary metabolite compounds such as alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, and saponins, which have antibacterial properties. The extraction method used was microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) using ethanol solvent and different times and power extractions. The extraction process was optimized to obtain the optimum extraction conditions. Optimum extraction conditions can be developed as standardized herbal medicines. The method started with phytochemical screening and characterization of simplicia powder, extraction using MAE with 96% ethanol solvent with power variations of 180 watts, 300 watts, 450 W, and time variations of 3 min, 7 min, 15 min, determination of total phenol, and testing of antibacterial activity from optimization results using paper discs. The optimum extract yield was 20,20% at 450 watts of power and 15 min of time. Total phenol with optimum power and time of 232,0088±4,54 mg GAE/g sample was obtained from an ethanol extract of A. thyrsiflora leaves with 300 watts and 7 minutes is 6.25 mg/mL has an inhibition zone is 7,93±0,81 mm as bacterial minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and does not have minimum bacteria concentration (MBC) of Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria. Ethanol extracts of A. thyrsiflora leaves with different extraction powers and times affected the yield of the extracts and total phenol. The antibacterial activity of the optimization result of ethanol extract of A. thyrsiflora leaves with the highest total phenol had MIC, but did not have MBC.
TOTAL PHENOLIC, FLAVONOID CONTENTS AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF STANDARDIZED EXTRACT OF GAGATAN HARIMAU LEAVES (VITIS GRACILIS BL) CHEMAYANTI SURBAKTI, LISDA RIMAYANI NASUTION, SINGGAR NI RUDANG, HENNI CINTYA, VANY INDARTI, P. A. T. AGNES, S. E. S. ELSA International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics, 2024 Objective: The purpose of this research was to standardize the specific and nonspecific simplicia of Gagatan Harimau leaf, determine the total phenolic and total flavonoid contents of Gagatan Harimau leaf ethanol extract, and evaluate the antioxidant activity of Gagatan Harimau leaf ethanol extract.Methods: Total phenolic content was determined using the Folin-Ciocalteu method and gallic acid as standard comparison. Total flavonoid content using the aluminum chloride method with standard quercetin as a comparison. Antioxidant activity was analyzed using the DPPH method by measuring synthetic radical scavengers in polar solvents.Results: Standardization of specific and nonspecific simplicia results were pointed leaf tips and bases, pinnate bone placement, jagged and rough leaf margins, smooth hairy undersides, 14-24 cm long, width 6-11 cm, color green, characteristic odor and sour taste, Cu content<150 mg/l, bacterial contamination ≤ 10.000 colonies/g. The total phenolic and flavonoid content of the ethanol extract of Gagatan Harimau showed 207.6695±0.2056 mg GAE/g and 23.2883± 0.0556 mg QE/g. Antioxidant activity with a concentration of 10; 20; 30; 40; 50 µg/ml gives an IC50 value of 34.79 µg/ml.Conclusion: Gagatan Harimau leaves have a good antioxidant activity, so they can be used as a source of natural antioxidants.
Dioscorea hispida (Dennst.) Tuber: Unraveling The Phytochemical Basis for Anthelmintic and Antifungal effects Hafid Syahputra, Masfria Masfria, Chemayanti Surbakti, Nurul Fadila, Maulida Zikriyati, Andre Tryogi Tinambunan Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology, 2024 Tropical diseases are prevalent ailments that manifest in tropical and subtropical regions in 149 countries. Various microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, and worms, are responsible for the onset of tropical diseases. This infectious disease is frequently observed in nations with lower economic resources. The tubers of Dioscorea hispida possess the capacity to demonstrate anthelmintic and antifungal characteristics as a result of the existence of secondary metabolites. The tuber of Dioscorea hispida will undergo extraction followed by liquid-liquid fractionation using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol-water solvents. The antifungal activity of the extracts and fractions was evaluated in vitro against Candida albicans and Trichophyton mentagrophytes for antifungal activity, and the anthelmintic activity was evaluated in vitro against Pheretima posthuma during paralysis and death for anthelmintic activity The extract Dioscorea hispida (Dennst) tuber showed good anthelmintic and antifungal efficacy; The phytochemical component in the ethyl acetate fraction had the highest performance at a concentration of 30 g/L with paralysis time of 23.90±2.94 and death time of 34.20±2.31 for anthelmintic, in line with that the ethyl acetate fraction also has antifungal activity which is strong at a minimum inhibitory concentration of 5 g/L with an inhibition zone diameter of 11.00 ± 0.40. The ethyl acetate fraction contains several metabolites, including alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, and tannins, which exhibit notable effectiveness as anthelmintics and antifungals.
Saurauia vulcani (Korth.) as herbal medicine potential from North Sumatera, Indonesia: A literature review Muhammad Fauzan Lubis, Poppy Anjelisa Zaitun Hasibuan, Hafid Syahputra, Chemayanti Surbakti, Ririn Astyka Heliyon, 2022 (Korth.) is one of them. This is something that can be found in Indonesia. Traditionally, this herb was known as pirdot and was used to cure diabetes. This article examines the scientific activities of pirdot leaves as well as their safety for usage. This study used a literature review article as its design. Searching for related publications using data from Pubmed, Proquest, Ebsco, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar for the last ten years (2011-2021) yielded 141 articles. There are 14 pertinent articles that explore their substance and application in health. The content of secondary metabolites that have been reported proves that pirdot has properties as an antidiabetic, immunostimulant, antidiarrhoea, anticholesterol, and hepatoprotective.
Effect of saurauia vulcani korth. Leaves on superoxide dismutase, hba1c levels and insulin expression in hyperglycemic rats Chemayanti Surbakti, Panal Sitorus, Rosidah Rosidah, Denny Satria Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences, 2019 AIM: This study aimed to investigate Saurauia vulcani Korth. leaves. the activity of ethanol extract in hypoglycemic, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and detection of insulin expression by immunochemistry
 METHODS: Saurauia vulcani Korth. Leaves powder was extracted by maceration method with ethanol 96%. The extract was administrated orally in doses of 100 mg/kg BW for 27 days. Diabetes was induced in rats by administered of Nicotinamide (NA) 230 mg/kg BW and streptozotocin (STZ) 65 mg/kg BW. Level of blood glucose, SOD, HbA1c were measured, and histopathology pancreas was observed to determine insulin expression with immunochemistry
 RESULTS: Ethanol extract of Saurauia vulcani Korth. Leaves (EESL) shown a significantly (*p < 0.05) reduced in blood glucose levels at 104.25 ± 2.562 mg/dL and HbA1c level at 32.53 ± 0.188 ng/mL, but increased SOD level at 60.64 ± 0.740 pg/mL and histopathology study shown secretion insulin as seen number of expressions of insulin / slice 31.00 ± 0.315.
 CONCLUSION: The result of this study showed EESL possess the hypoglycemic activity and increase the level of SOD but decrease the level of HbA1c in diabetic rat condition. The mechanism of the activity is suggested by stimulating the insulin secretion of pancreas β-cells which were damaged.
Burn wound healing activity of hydrolyzed virgin coconut oil International Journal of Pharmtech Research, 2015
