Anaerobic co-digestion of waste microalgal biomass with cattle dung in a pilot-scale reactor: effect of seasonal variations and long-term stability assessment Pushpendar Kumar, Arghya Bhattacharya, Sanjeev Kumar Prajapati, Anushree Malik, Virendra Kumar Vijay Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery, 2022 The present work is first of its kind to attempt on year-round biogas production utilizing microalgal biomass from lake water. The analyses showed that the lake water contain ample nutrients (TAN: 3.6–16; TDP: 4.88–20.38 and NO 3 -N: 0.3–19.63 mg L −1 ) to support microalgal growth, with an average biomass concentration of ≈ 2.0 g L −1 , throughout the year. Significant correlation ( p < 0.05) was observed between microalgal biomass and nutrient concentration in the lake water. Further, co-digestion studies in the pilot-scale plant (0.5 m 3 ) showed good performance with a volumetric and specific biogas yield in the range of 0.45 to 0.65 m 3 day −1 and 0.72 to 1.04 m 3 kg −1 VS fed day −1 respectively, during the summer. However, during winters, the volumetric and specific biogas yield were found to be in the range of 0.06 and 0.21 m 3 day −1 and 0.096–0.336 m 3 kg −1 VS fed day −1 , respectively, with an average 55–65% CH 4 . Detailed analyses of digestate indicated long-term stability of the pilot-scale process. This study established the feasibility of utilizing waste algal biomass from eutrophic lake water for year-round biogas production. Graphical abstract
Utilization of starch effluent from a textile industry as a fungal growth supplement for enhanced α-amylase production for industrial application Shweta Kalia, Arghya Bhattacharya, Sanjeev Kumar Prajapati, Anushree Malik Chemosphere, 2021 Desizing process in textile industry produces large volume of starch effluent. This carbon-rich waste can be used for resource recovery, such as the production of industrially useful enzymes. The present work assesses the usability of starch effluent from textile industry as an additional carbon source for enhanced production of α-amylase during solid-state fermentation (SSF) of agro-wastes by Trichoderma reesei. A significant increase (p ≤ 0.05) in α-amylase activity (25.48 ± 1.12 U mL-1) was observed with supplementation of starch effluent in SSF. Partial purification of α-amylase by 80% ammonium sulphate precipitation produced a yield of 58.39% enzyme with purification fold of 1.89. The enzyme was thermally stable at 40 °C with 90% residual activity after 5 h and 70% residual activity at 50 °C after 3 h. Using Michaelis-Menten kinetics analysis, the estimated Km and Vmax values for the partially purified α-amylase were found to be 2.55 mg mL-1 and 53.47 U mg-1, respectively. For the rapid assessment of the industrial application, desizing of the fabric was attempted. The cotton fabric was efficiently desized using α-amylase (at a concentration of 1% on the weight of fabric basis) at 80 °C. The present work demonstrates starch effluent from desizing process as a resource for the production of amylase. The amylase can further be used in the desizing process. With in-depth research, the work may lead to the development of a closed-loop, waste-recycling process for the textile industry.
Treatment of textile effluent using an anaerobic reactor integrated with activated carbon and ultrafiltration unit (AN-ACF-UF process) targeting salt recovery and its reusability potential in the pad-batch process Saurabh Samuchiwal, Arghya Bhattacharya, Anushree Malik Journal of Water Process Engineering, 2021 An on-site anaerobic biological reactor integrated with activated carbon filter (ACF) and ultra-filtration (UF) unit termed as AN-ACF-UF process was used for the decolourization of textile effluent at the industrial premises. The anaerobic reactor containing a microbial consortium enriched from the industrial effluent using a patented method was fed with a mixed inlet consisting of dye and pre-treatment range (PTR) effluents in a ratio of 70:30 (v/v). The PTR effluent consists of effluent generated from desizing, bleaching, scouring, and mercerization process. The anaerobic unit was run in a continuous mode for 32 d with a hydraulic retention time of 2 d. The treated effluent from the anaerobic unit was fed into the ACF unit at 0.7 ml/min. Finally, the outlet from the ACF unit was fed into the UF unit. Daily variations were observed in the inlet effluent with chemical oxygen demand (COD) and colour (hazen value) in the range of 1950–2450 mg/L, and 2500–3100 hazen, respectively. The AN-ACF-UF process was effective in decolourizing 91 ± 3 % of the colour in textile effluent mixture. Germination test with the treated effluent on Vigna radiata did not show any significant difference (p > 0.05) between control (92 ± 1 % germination) and treated effluent group (83 ± 1 % germination). The recovered salt contained high concentration of sodium salt (349.70 mg/g of salt). Integration of this process with the existing industrial ETP (Effluent treatment plant) would enable the industry to partially recover the cost of dyeing and achieve a zero liquid discharge system.
Impact of heavy metal laden algal biomass on hydrothermal liquefaction and biorefinery approach Farah Naaz, Arghya Bhattacharya, Kamal Kishore Pant, Anushree Malik Process Safety and Environmental Protection, 2021 Disposal of metal contaminated biomass after bioremediation poses challenges due to non-availability of suitable techniques. In the present study, an attached algal biofilm reactor (ABR) of 3 L capacity was used for remediating six heavy metals (Zn, Cu, Cr, Ni, Pb and Cd) from a metal mix and subsequently the biomass after bioremediation was hydrothermally liquefied to see the fate of the heavy metals. The algal biofilm was a consortium of Phormidium and Chlorella which was able to remove between 50–90 % of the heavy metals after 6 d. The metal removal trend followed the order Zn > Cu > Cr > Ni > Pb > Cd. Hydrothermal liquefaction of the metal contaminated biomass was done at 230 °C of temperature, 27 bar of pressure, water to biomass ratio of 4, K2CO3 as catalyst and holding time of 20 min under N2 environment in a high temperature pressure reactor. The biocrude obtained in presence of metals had a HHV of 20 MJ kg−1 compared with 19.32 MJ kg−1 in control (without metal). The heavy metal analysis of the solid and aqueous fraction showed that >70 % of the metals had partitioned into the solid fraction whereas
Synergistic and Antagonistic Effects on Metal Bioremediation with Increasing Metal Complexity in a Hexa-metal Environment by Aspergillus fumigatus Arghya Bhattacharya, Deepak Gola, Priyadarshini Dey, Anushree Malik International Journal of Environmental Research, 2020 In the present study, Aspergillus fumigatus (Genbank accession no. KX365202), was used for heavy metal removal in a hexa-metal system containing mixture of six heavy metals (Cu, Cr, Cd, Ni, Pb and Zn). The total concentration of the heavy metals was kept at 30 mg L −1 . The experimental sets were designed based on the relative abundance of the heavy metals present in the wastewater of Delhi-NCR region. Toxicity of the heavy metals to the fungus varied with different metal combinations. Combination of Pb and Cr proved to be most toxic followed by that of Pb, Cr, Cu, Zn and Ni. Biomass production of 2.90 g L −1 was found in control whereas the combination Pb and Cr produced the lowest biomass (1.59 g L −1 ). In the presence of six metals, heavy metal removal pattern was Ni = Cd > Cu > Pb > Zn > Cr. SEM studies showed broken fungal hyphae in presence of hexa-metal stress. TEM–EDX studies showed that among the six heavy metals, Cu, Pb and Cd were adsorbed on the cell surface whereas Ni, Cr and Zn were accumulated inside as well outside of the cell. This system could be useful in treating water with multiple heavy metal contaminants. Combination of six heavy metals used to test toxicity effect on fungus Metal removal pattern in presence of six metal followed order Ni = Cd > Cu > Pb > Zn > Cr Combination of Pb and Cr produced lowest biomass proving toxic to the fungus Hexa metal stress caused broken hyphae in fungus Heavy metals partitioned by either adsorbing on the surface or going intracellular Present study approximates natural conditions containing mixtures of heavy metals
Upgradation and valorization of hydrothermally liquified wastewater algae to recover multiple products F Naaz, S Dhali, S Dey, A Bhattacharya, P Choudhary, KK Pant, A Malik Algal Research 82, 103644 , 2024 2024 Citations: 7
Mechanistic insights on enzyme mediated-metabolite cascade during decolourization of Reactive Blue 13 using novel microbial consortium S Samuchiwal, M Mathur, A Bhattacharya, S Kalia, RV Khandare, A Malik Environmental Pollution 329, 121718 , 2023 2023 Citations: 8
Hydrothermal liquefaction could be a sustainable approach for valorization of wastewater grown algal biomass into cleaner fuel F Naaz, S Samuchiwal, V Dalvi, A Bhattacharya, KK Pant, A Malik Energy Conversion and Management 283, 116887 , 2023 2023 Citations: 35
Exploration of heavy metal uptake potential of three algal strains/consortia in suspended and attached growth systems F Naaz, A Bhattacharya, M Mathur, F Bano, KK Pant, A Malik Journal of Water Process Engineering 43, 102315 , 2021 2021 Citations: 17
Utilization of starch effluent from a textile industry as a fungal growth supplement for enhanced α-amylase production for industrial application S Kalia, A Bhattacharya, SK Prajapati, A Malik Chemosphere 279, 130554 , 2021 2021 Citations: 54
Development of a plant microbiome bioremediation system for crude oil contamination M Saeed, N Ilyas, M Arshad, M Sheeraz, I Ahmed, A Bhattacharya Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering 9 (4), 105401 , 2021 2021 Citations: 39
Treatment of textile effluent using an anaerobic reactor integrated with activated carbon and ultrafiltration unit (AN-ACF-UF process) targeting salt recovery and its … S Samuchiwal, A Bhattacharya, A Malik Journal of Water Process Engineering 40, 101770 , 2021 2021 Citations: 17
Impact of heavy metal laden algal biomass on hydrothermal liquefaction and biorefinery approach F Naaz, A Bhattacharya, KK Pant, A Malik Process Safety and Environmental Protection 145, 141-149 , 2021 2021 Citations: 26
Synergistic and Antagonistic Effects on Metal Bioremediation with Increasing Metal Complexity in a Hexa-metal Environment by Aspergillus fumigatus A Bhattacharya, D Gola, P Dey, A Malik International Journal of Environmental Research 14 (6), 761-770 , 2020 2020 Citations: 30
A review of biochemical and thermochemical energy conversion routes of wastewater grown algal biomass P Choudhary, PP Assemany, F Naaz, A Bhattacharya, ... Science of the Total Environment 726, 137961 , 2020 2020 Citations: 151
Anaerobic co-digestion of waste microalgal biomass with cattle dung in a pilot-scale reactor: effect of seasonal variations and long-term stability assessment P Kumar, A Bhattacharya, SK Prajapati, A Malik, VK Vijay 2020 Citations: 21
Assessment of drain water used for irrigation in the Delhi region D Gola, A Bhattacharya, P Dey, A Malik, SZ Ahammad Journal of Health & Pollution 10 (26), 200610 , 2020 2020 Citations: 35
High-rate CO 2 sequestration using a novel venturi integrated photobioreactor and subsequent valorization to microalgal lipids S Dey, A Bhattacharya, P Kumar, A Malik Green Chemistry 22 (22), 7962-7973 , 2020 2020 Citations: 28
Potential role of N-acetyl glucosamine in Aspergillus fumigatus-assisted Chlorella pyrenoidosa harvesting A Bhattacharya, M Mathur, P Kumar, A Malik Biotechnology for Biofuels 12 (1), 178 , 2019 2019 Citations: 44
Investigations on energy efficiency of biomethane/biocrude production from pilot scale wastewater grown algal biomass F Naaz, A Bhattacharya, KK Pant, A Malik Applied Energy 254, 113656 , 2019 2019 Citations: 61
Simultaneous removal of hexa-metal mixture by Beauveria bassiana: Microscopic (SEM, TEM and AFM) and bioreactor studies D Gola, A Bhattacharya, A Malik, SZ Ahammad Environmental Technology & Innovation 15, 100428 , 2019 2019 Citations: 5
Investigations on mechanism, process optimization and feasibility analysis of fungal assisted algal flocculation A Bhattacharya Indian Institute of Technology Delhi , 2018 2018
A mathematical model to describe the fungal assisted algal flocculation process A Bhattacharya, A Malik, HK Malik Bioresource technology 244, 975-981 , 2017 2017 Citations: 23
Advancements in Algal Harvesting Techniques for Biofuel Production M Mathur, A Bhattacharya, A Malik Algal Biofuels: Recent Advances and Future Prospects, 227-245 , 2017 2017 Citations: 5
A rapid method for fungal assisted algal flocculation: critical parameters & mechanism insights A Bhattacharya, M Mathur, P Kumar, SK Prajapati, A Malik Algal research 21, 42-51 , 2017 2017 Citations: 140
MOST CITED SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
Multiple heavy metal removal using an entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana D Gola, P Dey, A Bhattacharya, A Mishra, A Malik, M Namburath, ... Bioresource technology 218, 388-396 , 2016 2016 Citations: 217
A review of biochemical and thermochemical energy conversion routes of wastewater grown algal biomass P Choudhary, PP Assemany, F Naaz, A Bhattacharya, ... Science of the Total Environment 726, 137961 , 2020 2020 Citations: 151
A rapid method for fungal assisted algal flocculation: critical parameters & mechanism insights A Bhattacharya, M Mathur, P Kumar, SK Prajapati, A Malik Algal research 21, 42-51 , 2017 2017 Citations: 140
Pretreatment of algal biomass using fungal crude enzymes SK Prajapati, A Bhattacharya, A Malik, VK Vijay Algal research 8, 8-14 , 2015 2015 Citations: 77
Assessment of Yamuna and associated drains used for irrigation in rural and peri-urban settings of Delhi NCR A Bhattacharya, P Dey, D Gola, A Mishra, A Malik, N Patel Environmental monitoring and assessment 187 (1), 4146 , 2015 2015 Citations: 77
A method for simultaneous bioflocculation and pretreatment of algal biomass targeting improved methane production SK Prajapati, A Bhattacharya, P Kumar, A Malik, VK Vijay Green Chemistry 18 (19), 5230-5238 , 2016 2016 Citations: 69
Investigations on energy efficiency of biomethane/biocrude production from pilot scale wastewater grown algal biomass F Naaz, A Bhattacharya, KK Pant, A Malik Applied Energy 254, 113656 , 2019 2019 Citations: 61
Utilization of starch effluent from a textile industry as a fungal growth supplement for enhanced α-amylase production for industrial application S Kalia, A Bhattacharya, SK Prajapati, A Malik Chemosphere 279, 130554 , 2021 2021 Citations: 54
Potential role of N-acetyl glucosamine in Aspergillus fumigatus-assisted Chlorella pyrenoidosa harvesting A Bhattacharya, M Mathur, P Kumar, A Malik Biotechnology for Biofuels 12 (1), 178 , 2019 2019 Citations: 44
Development of a plant microbiome bioremediation system for crude oil contamination M Saeed, N Ilyas, M Arshad, M Sheeraz, I Ahmed, A Bhattacharya Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering 9 (4), 105401 , 2021 2021 Citations: 39
Hydrothermal liquefaction could be a sustainable approach for valorization of wastewater grown algal biomass into cleaner fuel F Naaz, S Samuchiwal, V Dalvi, A Bhattacharya, KK Pant, A Malik Energy Conversion and Management 283, 116887 , 2023 2023 Citations: 35
Assessment of drain water used for irrigation in the Delhi region D Gola, A Bhattacharya, P Dey, A Malik, SZ Ahammad Journal of Health & Pollution 10 (26), 200610 , 2020 2020 Citations: 35
Synergistic and Antagonistic Effects on Metal Bioremediation with Increasing Metal Complexity in a Hexa-metal Environment by Aspergillus fumigatus A Bhattacharya, D Gola, P Dey, A Malik International Journal of Environmental Research 14 (6), 761-770 , 2020 2020 Citations: 30
High-rate CO 2 sequestration using a novel venturi integrated photobioreactor and subsequent valorization to microalgal lipids S Dey, A Bhattacharya, P Kumar, A Malik Green Chemistry 22 (22), 7962-7973 , 2020 2020 Citations: 28
Phycoremediation-coupled biomethanation of microalgal biomass P Choudhary, A Bhattacharya, SK Prajapati, P Kaushik, A Malik Handbook of marine microalgae, 483-499 , 2015 2015 Citations: 27
Impact of heavy metal laden algal biomass on hydrothermal liquefaction and biorefinery approach F Naaz, A Bhattacharya, KK Pant, A Malik Process Safety and Environmental Protection 145, 141-149 , 2021 2021 Citations: 26
A mathematical model to describe the fungal assisted algal flocculation process A Bhattacharya, A Malik, HK Malik Bioresource technology 244, 975-981 , 2017 2017 Citations: 23
Anaerobic co-digestion of waste microalgal biomass with cattle dung in a pilot-scale reactor: effect of seasonal variations and long-term stability assessment P Kumar, A Bhattacharya, SK Prajapati, A Malik, VK Vijay 2020 Citations: 21
Exploration of heavy metal uptake potential of three algal strains/consortia in suspended and attached growth systems F Naaz, A Bhattacharya, M Mathur, F Bano, KK Pant, A Malik Journal of Water Process Engineering 43, 102315 , 2021 2021 Citations: 17
Treatment of textile effluent using an anaerobic reactor integrated with activated carbon and ultrafiltration unit (AN-ACF-UF process) targeting salt recovery and its … S Samuchiwal, A Bhattacharya, A Malik Journal of Water Process Engineering 40, 101770 , 2021 2021 Citations: 17
