Comprehensive evaluation of microparticle-modified cement mortars: microstructural analysis, thermal fatigue, and mix-field radiation shielding Sanchit Saxena, Suman Kumar, Hrishikesh Sharma Materials and Structures Materiaux Et Constructions, 2026 This study investigates the multifunctional performance of cement mortars modified with microparticles of boron oxide (B2O3), lead oxide (PbO), bismuth oxide (Bi2O3), and tungsten oxide (WO3) at varying dosages (1-5 wt.%), with a goal to improve mechanical strength, thermal fatigue resistance, and radiation shielding against both primary and secondary products. Among all additives, mortar modified with 3 wt.% PbO exhibited the highest 28-day compressive strength of 47.6 MPa (55.56% more than the control) due to its dense particle packing. WO3 addition resulted in a 35.94% increase in strength at 2 wt.%, attributed to its fibrous morphology and improved matrix interlocking. Under thermal fatigue testing, WO3-modified mortars exhibited superior durability with only 12.36% strength loss after 400 cycles, compared to 20.26% for the control. Radiation shielding study revealed that 2 wt.% B2O3 achieved the lowest Total Effective Dose Rate (TEDR) of 17.20 mSv/min, a 70.88% reduction compared to the control. WO3 also showed balanced shielding effectiveness (TEDRs: 26.43-28.27 mSv/min). Microstructural analysis confirmed the inert nature of PbO, Bi2O3, and WO3, while B2O3 exhibited chemical interaction, forming boric compounds. WO3 emerged as the most balanced additive, offering a synergistic enhancement of structural integrity, durability, and comprehensive radiation protection under realistic mixed-field conditions.
Prediction and assessment of optimal concrete compositions for overall radiation protection and reduced global warming potential Sanchit Saxena, Hrishikesh Sharma Scientific Reports, 2025 Developing an efficient radiation-shielding concrete composition holds paramount importance for nuclear, medical, and defence facilities. The intricate interactions between various radiation particles and materials across different energy ranges present challenges in designing effective and resilient overall shielding structures. This study presents a novel approach that integrates machine learning and genetic algorithms (GA) to optimize concrete compositions for enhanced radiation shielding against gamma and neutron rays across a wide energy spectrum. By leveraging these advanced techniques, six compositions (concrete_1-concrete_6) spanning different density ranges were derived from an extensive database developed from the previous experimental researches. Subsequently, the shielding effectiveness of these compositions against all radiation particles was evaluated and compared using the OpenMC Code. The findings revealed that the proposed concrete_5 and concrete_6 compositions, comprising iron, boron, nickel, and tungsten at specified weight fractions, outperform other state-of-the-art compositions in overall radiation shielding. Furthermore, the analysis indicated a 65.89% reduction in Global Warming Potential (GWP) with the adoption of concrete_6 composition compared to conventional concrete composition.
Quantitative assessment of steel reinforcement effects on gamma-ray shielding in reinforced concrete using Monte Carlo simulations Sanchit Saxena, Suman Kumar, Hrishikesh Sharma, Poonam Kumari Case Studies in Construction Materials, 2025 Reinforced concrete (RC) is ubiquitous in critical infrastructure, yet the role of steel reinforcement volume and configuration in radiation shielding remains poorly understood. This study demonstrated that rebar configuration is just as influential as steel volume in determining gamma-ray shielding effectiveness. Through 576 Monte Carlo simulations across the 500–8000 keV gamma energy spectrum, we demonstrated that variations in reinforcement geometry at fixed steel percentages can alter linear attenuation coefficients (LAC) by up to 29%, with optimized configurations enhancing shielding performance by 19% over analytical predictions. Remarkably, spatial optimization enables RC sections to achieve attenuation equivalent to structures containing 81% more steel volume, redefining material efficiency in radiation shielding. An SD factor is reintroduced, enabling precise LAC predictions of RC sections with near-perfect accuracy (R² > 0.98) across energies. This metric allows engineers to reduce steel use while maintaining shielding—e.g., 8 mm rebars at 60 mm spacing match 10 mm rebars at 70 mm spacing (26% reduction). By bridging particle physics and structural engineering, this work provides a framework for designing RC structures in nuclear facilities, medical bunkers, and radioactive waste storage. The findings redefine shielding design standards, emphasizing that rebar configuration is as critical as steel volume for safe, sustainable, and cost-effective radiation protection. • Rebar configurations can significantly affect the LAC of RC sections up to 20%. • An optimal RC section can achieve a 173% increase in effective steel volume. • Novel SD factor significantly captures the effect of reinforcement configuration.
Utilization of Water Treatment Plant Sludge for Creating Green Bricks and Examining Its Gamma Radiation Shielding Potential Rohitash Saran, Sanchit Saxena, Hritaban Acharya, Prathmesh Bhadane, Kaling Taki Journal of Hazardous Toxic and Radioactive Waste, 2025 This study presents the utilization of water treatment plant sludge (WTPS) as a feasible substitute in brick manufacturing, offering a sustainable solution with significant environmental benefits. The research presents a novel approach for handling low- to moderate-level radioactive wastes, using WTPS bricks as a shielding material for gamma rays. WTPS was geotechnically, physically, and morphologically characterized. Fired bricks were developed with various clay weight fractions combined with WTPS and assessed for mechanical properties. These bricks were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray fluorescence, and X-ray diffraction. Bricks with 20% clay content exhibited the highest dry compressive strength of 27.26 MPa at 1,100°C, with a 127.15% increase in wet compressive strength when the firing temperature increased from 1,000°C to 1,100°C. Bricks with higher clay content demonstrated the lowest water absorption rates. Additionally, these bricks showed lower porosity and higher bulk density with increased firing temperature. Monte Carlo simulations showed that bricks with 20% and 10% clay content (FB203 and FB103) exhibited the highest linear attenuation coefficient values, effectively reducing gamma-ray leakage by factors of 3.43 and 3, respectively. This research offers sustainable construction materials and innovative radioactive waste handling solutions, promoting cleaner and safer energy in nuclear industries.
Ballistic Performance Evaluation of High-Performance Fabric Due to Interyarn Friction Suman Kumar, Sanchit Saxena, Hrishikesh Sharma Practice Periodical on Structural Design and Construction, 2022 This paper discusses the novel multimaterial arbitrary-Lagrange-Euler (MM-ALE) based approach for modeling shear-thickening fluid (STF)–treated fabric under ballistic impact. The friction-based model of fabric implements the effect of interyarn friction on the ballistic performance of the neat and STF-treated fabric. Furthermore, this paper presents the limitations of friction-based modeling of STF-treated fabric under a wide range of projectile velocities. Such a limitation is the exact prediction of interyarn coefficients of friction for STF-treated fabric for the complex phenomenon of ballistic impact. The results obtained from the friction-based model for the ranges of interyarn coefficients and fabric sett showed that there is an enhancement in the ballistic performance due to an increase in the coefficient of friction up to a critical value of friction coefficients. It was observed that beyond the critical level, there was no improvement in the ballistic performance of the fabric. However, there was a decrease in the ballistic performance beyond the critical friction level. Moreover, the numerical model of neat fabric using friction-based models as validated and implemented in the development of MM-ALE-based modeling of STF-treated fabric. The novel MM-ALE-based modeling approach will enrich the understanding of the STF mechanism under ballistic impact for STF-treated fabric systems. The limitations of friction-based models shall be handled using the MM-ALE based technique.
RECENT SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
Machine learning-driven probabilistic framework for uncertainty quantification and reliability-based design of radiation shielding concrete structures S Saxena, P Gardoni, H Sharma Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence 176, 114752 , 2026 2026.0
Comprehensive evaluation of microparticle-modified cement mortars: microstructural analysis, thermal fatigue, and mix-field radiation shielding S Saxena, S Kumar, H Sharma Materials and Structures 59 (1), 32 , 2026 2026.0 Citations: 1
Quantitative assessment of steel reinforcement effects on gamma-ray shielding in reinforced concrete using Monte Carlo simulations S Saxena, S Kumar, H Sharma, P Kumari Case Studies in Construction Materials 23, e05023 , 2025 2025.0 Citations: 2
Design and Development of Blast and Heavy Impact Simulating Mechanism for Blast-resistant Design and Validation of Structures S Kumar, S Saxena, H Sharma 2025.0
A novel computational framework for efficient nuclear containment design: Structural integrity, radiation shielding, and reliability assessment S Saxena, S Kumar, H Sharma Reliability Engineering & System Safety 260, 111038 , 2025 2025.0 Citations: 7
Utilization of Water Treatment Plant Sludge for Creating Green Bricks and Examining Its Gamma Radiation Shielding Potential R Saran, S Saxena, H Acharya, P Bhadane, K Taki Journal of Hazardous, Toxic, and Radioactive Waste 29 (2), 04025009 , 2025 2025.0 Citations: 1
Prediction and assessment of optimal concrete compositions for overall radiation protection and reduced global warming potential S Saxena, H Sharma Scientific Reports 15 (1), 5785 , 2025 2025.0 Citations: 11
A Hybrid Framework for Statistical Synthetic Data Generation: Leveraging Neural Networks Concept and Genetic Algorithms for Enhanced Precision S Saxena International Conference on Computational Mathematics and Applications, 573-586 , 2025 2025.0
Development of design guidelines using probabilistic framework for the development of smart thickening fluid based ultra resistant adaptive kinematic soft human armor (SURAKSHA) S Kumar, S Saxena, H Sharma, J Gangolu, TA Prabhu Reliability Engineering & System Safety 236, 109277 , 2023 2023.0 Citations: 9
Ballistic Performance Evaluation of High-Performance Fabric Due to Interyarn Friction S Kumar, S Saxena, H Sharma Practice Periodical on Structural Design and Construction 27 (4), 04022043 , 2022 2022.0 Citations: 3
Effectiveness of STF-encapsulated Honeycomb Bubble-wrap Configuration Composite Under Ballistic Impact S Kumar, S Saxena, H Sharma
MOST CITED SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
Prediction and assessment of optimal concrete compositions for overall radiation protection and reduced global warming potential S Saxena, H Sharma Scientific Reports 15 (1), 5785 , 2025 2025.0 Citations: 11
Development of design guidelines using probabilistic framework for the development of smart thickening fluid based ultra resistant adaptive kinematic soft human armor (SURAKSHA) S Kumar, S Saxena, H Sharma, J Gangolu, TA Prabhu Reliability Engineering & System Safety 236, 109277 , 2023 2023.0 Citations: 9
A novel computational framework for efficient nuclear containment design: Structural integrity, radiation shielding, and reliability assessment S Saxena, S Kumar, H Sharma Reliability Engineering & System Safety 260, 111038 , 2025 2025.0 Citations: 7
Ballistic Performance Evaluation of High-Performance Fabric Due to Interyarn Friction S Kumar, S Saxena, H Sharma Practice Periodical on Structural Design and Construction 27 (4), 04022043 , 2022 2022.0 Citations: 3
Quantitative assessment of steel reinforcement effects on gamma-ray shielding in reinforced concrete using Monte Carlo simulations S Saxena, S Kumar, H Sharma, P Kumari Case Studies in Construction Materials 23, e05023 , 2025 2025.0 Citations: 2
Comprehensive evaluation of microparticle-modified cement mortars: microstructural analysis, thermal fatigue, and mix-field radiation shielding S Saxena, S Kumar, H Sharma Materials and Structures 59 (1), 32 , 2026 2026.0 Citations: 1
Utilization of Water Treatment Plant Sludge for Creating Green Bricks and Examining Its Gamma Radiation Shielding Potential R Saran, S Saxena, H Acharya, P Bhadane, K Taki Journal of Hazardous, Toxic, and Radioactive Waste 29 (2), 04025009 , 2025 2025.0 Citations: 1
Machine learning-driven probabilistic framework for uncertainty quantification and reliability-based design of radiation shielding concrete structures S Saxena, P Gardoni, H Sharma Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence 176, 114752 , 2026 2026.0
Design and Development of Blast and Heavy Impact Simulating Mechanism for Blast-resistant Design and Validation of Structures S Kumar, S Saxena, H Sharma 2025.0
A Hybrid Framework for Statistical Synthetic Data Generation: Leveraging Neural Networks Concept and Genetic Algorithms for Enhanced Precision S Saxena International Conference on Computational Mathematics and Applications, 573-586 , 2025 2025.0
Effectiveness of STF-encapsulated Honeycomb Bubble-wrap Configuration Composite Under Ballistic Impact S Kumar, S Saxena, H Sharma