Modeling and Assessment of Salinity Reduction Strategies in the Jarahi River, Iran Javad Ahadiyan, Narges Yarahamdi, Asghar Akbari, Seyed Mohsen Sajjadi, Hossein Azizi Nadian, Farhad Bahmanpouri Hydrology, 2026 This study investigates the spatial and temporal variations in salinity in the Jarahi River and its traditional channels using field measurements and numerical simulations. The primary objective is to assess the effectiveness of different management strategies for salinity reduction under minimum-discharge conditions. Salinity dynamics were analyzed through electrical conductivity (EC) measurements collected over a one-year period and simulated using the MIKE 11 hydrodynamic model. Model performance was evaluated by comparing simulated and observed EC values at key monitoring stations. The results indicate that maximum salinity levels occur during March and April in both the main river and traditional channels, while the highest temporal variability in EC was observed in October. The comparison between observed and simulated data showed a relative error of less than 10%, confirming the reliability of the model simulations. Four management scenarios were evaluated: (1) preventing inflow from the Motbeg drainage, (2) blocking non-centralized drainage inputs, (3) removing all inlet drains, and (4) increasing discharge releases from the Ramshir Dam. The first and third scenarios led to the highest salinity reductions, reaching up to 39% (approximately 1266 µS/cm) in the Gorgor channel, while reductions of up to 53% were observed in traditional streams such as Mansuri and Omal-Sakher under the third scenario. Increasing dam releases resulted in a maximum reduction of 23% (724 µS/cm) at the Gorgor station. Finally, the proposed management strategies significantly reduced salinity levels along the river system, particularly at the entrance of the Jahangiri traditional stream, providing practical insights for salinity control and river basin management.
Hydraulic performance of multiple and single LOPAC gates Mohammad Karamdokht Behbahabi, Seyed Mohsen Sajjadi, Javad Ahadiyan, John Abraham, Hossein Azizi Nadian Aqua Water Infrastructure Ecosystems and Society, 2025 In this study, a new design of a lock operated pressure adjusting control (LOPAC) gate is proposed in which the gates are designed in multiple groupings. The primary purpose of this study is to investigate the proposed structure's effective hydraulic parameters and compare them to a gate being used under the same conditions. All the simulations were modeled with three opening angles of 30°, 45°, and 60° and three flow rates of 20, 40, and 60 L/s with Flow3D software. The number of computational elements is 1,000,000, and the renormalization group (RNG) turbulence model was used. The results showed that when using multiple LOPAC gates, the average maximum velocity decreased by about 18% compared to the single case. Moreover, the distribution range of the maximum velocity decreases when multiple rectangular LOPAC gates are used compared to the single mode. Also, energy dissipation increased by 63% with the 30° opening across all flow rates. This parameter decreased by about 18% in all flow rates for the 45° and 60° openings. Finally, findings showed that the gate discharge coefficient increased slightly by about 3% when using multiple LOPAC gates compared to the single-gate case.
The effect of sheet piles’ inclination angle, number, and distance on seepage through an earthfill dam Mohammadreza Haghdoost, Seyed Mohsen Sajjadi, Javad Ahadiyan, Reza Norouzi, John Abraham Ain Shams Engineering Journal, 2024 The current research deals with the effects of the inclination angle (15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, 105, 120, 135, and 150°) of a sheet pile, the number of sheet piles (1–6), and the distance between two vertical sheet piles (2–10 m). The SEEP/W finite element method (FEM) was used to calculate the seepage rate, seepage velocity, and pore water pressure. The outcomes revealed that the maximum decrease in seepage discharge is 34.8 % for a sheet pile with an inclination angle of 105°. By increasing the spacing between two vertical sheet piles, seepage discharge decreases so that the maximum reduction in the seepage discharge was 45.9 % for two vertical sheet piles with a distance of X=10 m. An increase in sheet pile numbers causes a decrease in seepage flow rate so that the maximum reduction in seepage was 50 % when six sheet piles (N=6) were deployed.
Experimental Investigation of T-Jump Stabilization Using Water Jets and Sinusoidal Corrugated Beds Maryam Tahmasbipour, Hossein Azizi Nadian, Javad Ahadiyan, Giuseppe Oliveto, Seyed Mohsen Sajjadi, Amir Mohammad Kiyani Water Switzerland, 2024 Hydraulic jump is a phenomenon that occurs in open channels with a sudden and rapid transition of the flow regime from supercritical to subcritical. One of the common approaches in controlling the energy dissipation of hydraulic jumps aims to expand the section of the stilling basin with the development of T-jumps. However, T-jumps without additional baffle and terminal elements are unacceptable for thorough energy dissipation. Therefore, this study investigates the main characteristics of T-jumps in an abruptly expanding channel and in the presence of bed water jets and sinusoidal roughness elements. Such complex configurations are hardly found in the literature. Inflow Froude numbers from 6.2 to 10.85, five relative jet flow rates from 0.10 to 0.27, and three rough beds with roughness wave slopes from 0.33 to 0.60 were selected. Experimental results revealed that increasing the bed corrugation would decrease the length of the jump, the length of the roller, and the sequent depth ratio. The same results were found in presence of bed water jets and sinusoidal roughness elements, but the T-jump would appear to be better stabilized. In fact, it was also observed that increasing the relative flow rate of the jet had a significant effect in controlling the T-jump and reducing its relative length. The simultaneous presence of bed water jets and sinusoidal roughness elements decreased the relative length of the T-jump by about 81% and the tailwater depth by about 42% in comparison with the classic hydraulic jumps on smooth beds.
Redesigning the Fuse Plug, Emergency Spillway, and Flood Warning System: An Application of Flood Management Seyed Mohsen Sajjadi, Samireh Barihi, Javad Ahadiyan, Hossein Azizi Nadian, Mohammad Valipour, Farhad Bahmanpouri, Poria Khedri Water Switzerland, 2024 According to the World Health Organization (WHO), floods are one of the most important natural disasters in the world, resulting in the severe loss of human lives and intense destruction of infrastructure. The frequent floods in recent decades have caused most parts of Iran to be affected by periodic and destructive floods. Consequently, the casualties and financial losses of floods have increased significantly. The present study aims to investigate redesigning the fuse plug, emergency overflow, and flood system at Ramshir Dam, Iran. In this regard, using a two-dimensional mathematical model, floods with a return period of 10 and 100 years with different scenarios have been investigated. Four scenarios were analyzed, including the current situation, flood channel dredging scenario, flood channel overhaul scenario, and flood channel overhaul scenario with reservoir dredging. The results show the following: (1) The flood channel in its current state cannot even discharge flows lower than the design, i.e., 1400 m3/s, and the flow overflows from the embankments on its sides. (2) Also, the reservoir dredging prevents the failure of the second fuse plug in the 100-year return period (flow rate 4370 m3/s). (3) Discharge more than 2400 m3/s cubic meters led to the activation of the first fuse plug. (4) The present research findings are of particular and essential importance in flood management. (5) The results of this research were based on the rehabilitation and simulation of the diversion dam facilities in the control and conveyance of flood and on three factors of spillway, flood channel, and flood plain, and the correct function of the fuse plug was reviewed.
Enhancing Hydraulic Efficiency of Side Intakes Using Spur Dikes: A Case Study of Hemmat Water Intake, Iran Saman Abbasi Chenari, Hossein Azizi Nadian, Javad Ahadiyan, Mohammad Valipour, Giuseppe Oliveto, Seyed Mohsen Sajjadi Water Switzerland, 2024 This study investigates the problem of low efficiency and the lack of a water supply at the Hemmat Water Intake, in Iran, where severe sediment accumulation was observed at the intake mouth. The Flow-3D software was used to simulate the flow patterns under various scenarios of hydraulic regimentation works. The considered parameters include: (i) three alternative locations of the spur dike (i.e., a spur dike placed on the opposite side of the intake inlet and aligned with the upstream edge of the intake, to be regarded as a witness spur dike; a spur dike at a distance DS of 7 m downstream of the witness spur dike, which implies a dimensionless distance DS/bi1 of 1/3, with bi1 being the intake opening width; and a spur dike at a distance of 7 m upstream of the witness spur dike with a dimensionless distance, still, of 1/3); (ii) four spur dike lengths, LS/Br, with LS being the effective spur dike length and Br the approach river width; and (iii) five spur dike deviation angles of 75, 90, 105, 120, and 135 degrees (the deviation angle is the angle between the spur dike axis and the original river-bank line from which the spur dike extends). The results showed that, with the increase in the relative spur dike length (LS/Br), the velocity of the flow entering the water intake increases by 11%. A spur deviation angle of 135 degrees increases the flow depth at the intake inlet by 9% compared to a smaller deviation angle of 75 degrees. In addition, the spur dike increases the flow shear stresses at the intake inlet by up to 50%. Overall, the main flow of the river with the highest velocity and depth, and best directed towards the water intake, occurs for the placement of the longest spur dike (i.e., LS/Br = 0.46) in front of the inlet (i.e., witness spur dike) and for a spur dike deviation angle of 135 degrees. The spur dike increases the shear stress at the intake entrance by more than five times with respect to the case of its absence. In general, the presence of a spur dike on the opposite bank and with a deviation angle in the direction of the intake inlet well directs the main flow towards the canal intake. Moreover, it reduces the possibility of sedimentation in the canal inlet by increasing the flow velocity. Therefore, the results of this study could also be useful in increasing the hydraulic efficiency of lateral intakes by reducing the sedimentation phenomena.
Sustainable systems engineering by CFD modeling of lateral intake flow with flexible gate operations to improve efficient water supply Javad Ahadiyan, Saman Abbasi Chenari, Hossein Azizi Nadian, Christos Katopodis, Mohammad Valipour, et al. International Journal of Sediment Research, 2024 Lateral intakes are very important for diverting a portion of the river flow and providing the proper flow depth. In cases where small dams are used to operate and control the river's water level for the intake and to meet downstream water needs, the opening and closing of the dam gates before the construction of the intake and during its operation are important. In the current study, the problem of reducing the water head in the intake basin of the Hemmat dam pumping station, especially in the seasons of low water and the accumulation of sediment in the intake inlet of the Hemmat dam located in the Khuzestan province of Iran, has been investigated. Focusing on different arrangements of opening and closing gates, using a spur dike and flow rates of 143, 100, 62, 32, and 12 m3/s to investigate velocity changes and the depth of flow at the water inlet, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations were done. With the spur dike, the water intake efficiency is increased by 384% compared to the project's current state (operation without any flow control structure), and the hydraulic conditions resulting in sedimentation are eliminated. The flow depth of the water intake channel, with the spur dike, increases by 10% compared to the condition without it. It is worth mentioning that gate management also affects water supply efficiency. The results of the current study are a good example of the successful application of computer simulations for sustainable systems engineering.
Experimental analysis of turbulence measurements in a new dissipator structural (cross beams) in abruptly expanding channels Saeed Hajialigol, Javad Ahadiyan, Seyed Mohsen Sajjadi, Mohammad Azamathulla Hazi, Aaron Anil Chadee, Hossein Azizi Nadian, James T. Kirby Results in Engineering, 2024 In order to mitigate the flood, weirs were also used as the flood mitigating structures but no study has been found in which efficacy of energy dissipators downstream of weirs is checked either experimentally. Present work is an attempt to study the efficacy of weirs under the flood conditions. Turbulence characteristics of a new device dissipator as series of crossbeams to control the spatial jump of an abrupt expanding channel are presented in this work. Experiments were conducted in a 12 m flume in the hydraulic lab of Shahid Chamran of Ahvaz University. First, Experiments were conducted on Froude numbers 7.4, 8.7, and 9.5. After regression analysis, it found 3 Configurations that had the best results on velocity distribution and control the destructive effects of the jump based on experimental data. So, an Electronic Magnetic Velocity meter (EMV (was used to obtain measurements of 3D velocities to analyze the velocity distributions, α and β Coefficient, Turbulent kinetic energy, turbulent intensities, and Reynolds stresses, which investigated on three best configurations for Fr = 9.5 and for the percentage of tail water of 0.7hs 0.8hs 0.9hs and hs. In general, maximum energy dissipation occurs at 0.7hs. Velocity distribution analysis showed that energy cascades reach the surface of the water and break there, so more stable and uniform conditions in terms of streamlines in this state could be considered. Also, for tailwater depth ratios of hs and 0.7hs, the layers of flow show a more uniform energy transfer rate and a decrease in the turbulent kinetic energy values of the flow (TKE). Configuration 2 with 0.7hs and Configuration 1 with 0.8hs tail water have the most suitable flow conditions due to the reduction of turbulent intensities (TI) caused by the use of the device and the approximate length of the basin presented as a suggestion. In Reynolds's stresses (RS) u'v'¯ for 0.7hs tail water, two stress sources of - 0.025 and +0.0126 were observed from the beginning of the flow.
Pressure fluctuations of horizontal beams as control structures of asymmetric hydraulic jump S Hajialigol, S Sharoonizadeh, H Azizi Nadian, J Ahadiyan, M Shahabi, ... Acta Geophysica 74 (3), 166 , 2026 2026
Effect of Surcharge and Loading Plate Shape on Lateral Earth Pressure in Retaining Walls F Moala, J Ahadiyan, J Abraham, H Azizi Nadian, M Oulapour, SM Sajjadi Transportation infrastructure geotechnology 13 (3), 64 , 2026 2026
Modeling and Assessment of Salinity Reduction Strategies in the Jarahi River, Iran J Ahadiyan, N Yarahamdi, A Akbari, SM Sajjadi, HA Nadian, ... Hydrology 13 (1), 22 , 2026 2026
Investigating fluid-structure interaction and transient flow dynamics for enhanced pipeline fault detection A Sabetimani, SM Sajjadi, M Fathi Moghadam, A Keramat, J Ahadiyan فناوری های پیشرفته در بهره وری آب 5 (4), 92-107 , 2025 2025
Experimental evaluation of the surcharge and loading shape on lateral earth pressure for retaining walls in coarse-grained gravel and sandy soils F Moala, J Ahadiyan, J Abraham, HA Nadian, M Oulapour, S Sajjadi 2025
The effect of a submerged jet on the characteristics of an asymmetric hydraulic jump in a corrugated bed F Davari Dehkordi, J Ahadiyan, SM Sajadi, AR Scorzini, M Di Bacco Irrigation Sciences and Engineering 48 (3), 21-39 , 2025 2025
Hydraulic performance of multiple and single LOPAC gates MK Behbahabi, SM Sajjadi, J Ahadiyan, J Abraham, HA Nadian AQUA—Water Infrastructure, Ecosystems and Society 74 (8), 481-492 , 2025 2025 Citations: 1
Hydraulic Analysis of Pivot Side Weirs with Sill H Kheybar, SM Sajjadi, J Ahadiyan, M Ghomeshi Iranian Journal of Soil and Water Research 56 (1), 229-246 , 2025 2025 Citations: 1
Numerical investigation of beam effect as roughness on S-type hydraulic jump characteristics in sudden expansion J Ahadiyan, F Esmaeil Zadeh Feridani, SM Sajjadi Iranian Journal of Soil and Water Research , 2025 2025
Investigating the Discharge Coefficient and Efficiency of the Pivot Side Weirs with Threshold H Kheybar, SM Sajjadi, J Ahadiyan, M Ghomeshi Journal of New Approaches in Water Engineering and Environment 3 (2), 72-88 , 2025 2025 Citations: 2
Numerical study of energy loss and S-type hydraulic jump length using cross beams as roughness in sudden expansion SM Sajadi, FE Feridani, J Ahadiyan Advanced Technologies in Water Efficiency 5 (1), 78-97 , 2025 2025 Citations: 4
Analysis of the Impact of Inflation on Multidimensional Poverty: A Case Study of Qom City, 2005-2019 M Jam, M Bagheri Tudeshki, SM Sajjadi The Journal of Economic Studies and Policies 11 (1), 261-293 , 2025 2025
Effect of longitudinal training wall (LTW) on improving the inlet flow pattern at the side channel intakes J Ahadiyan, B Sadeghi, M Shafai Bajestan, SM Sajjadi Advanced Technologies in Water Efficiency 4 (4), 51-67 , 2024 2024 Citations: 2
Redesigning the fuse plug, emergency spillway, and flood warning system: An application of flood management SM Sajjadi, S Barihi, J Ahadiyan, H Azizi Nadian, M Valipour, ... Water 16 (24), 3694 , 2024 2024 Citations: 8
Asymmetric hydraulic jump control in sudden expansion channels using a Jet system A Mahjoubi, J Ahadiyan, SM Sajjadi, SM Kashefipour Iranian Journal of Soil and Water Research 55 (10), 1903-1920 , 2024 2024 Citations: 5
Experimental investigation of T-jump stabilization using water jets and sinusoidal corrugated beds M Tahmasbipour, H Azizi Nadian, J Ahadiyan, G Oliveto, SM Sajjadi, ... Water 16 (23), 3513 , 2024 2024 Citations: 11
The effect of sheet piles’ inclination angle, number, and distance on seepage through an earthfill dam M Haghdoost, SM Sajjadi, J Ahadiyan, R Norouzi, J Abraham Ain Shams Engineering Journal 15 (12), 103056 , 2024 2024 Citations: 12
Numerical hydraulic and hydrodynamic investigation of flow passing through multiple elliptic lopac gates with Flow 3D software T Taheri Talavari, SM Sajjadi, J Ahadiyan, H Azizi Nadian Advanced Technologies in Water Efficiency 4 (3), 40-60 , 2024 2024 Citations: 4
Drag coefficient of rigid and flexible deciduous trees in riparian forests M Fathi-Moghadam, S Salmanzadeh, J Ahadiyan, M Sajadi Journal of Hydraulic Engineering 150 (5), 04024027 , 2024 2024 Citations: 9
Laboratory investigation of the effect of particle and vegetation roughness on changes in drag force in an open channel K Salahi, J Ahadiyan, Y Zeng, HA Nadian, M Sajjadi Journal of Environmental Accounting and Management 12 (03), 221-230 , 2024 2024 Citations: 5
MOST CITED SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
Impact of nanoparticle mean diameter and the buoyancy force on laminar mixed convection nanofluid flow in an elliptic duct employing two phase mixture model M Shariat, RM Moghari, A Akbarinia, R Rafee, SM Sajjadi International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer 50, 15-24 , 2014 2014 Citations: 35
Investigation effect of nanoparticle mean diameter on mixed convection Al2O3-water nanofluid flow in an annulus by two phase mixture model RM Moghari, AS Mujumdar, M Shariat, F Talebi, SM Sajjadi, A Akbarinia International communications in heat and mass transfer 49, 25-35 , 2013 2013 Citations: 28
Cross-beam dissipators in abruptly expanding channels: experimental analysis of flow patterns S Hajialigol, J Ahadiyan, M Sajjadi, A Rita Scorzini, M Di Bacco, ... Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering 147 (11), 06021012 , 2021 2021 Citations: 27
Hydraulic performance of elliptical-LOPAC gate under submerged flow conditions A Pilbala, SM Sajjadi, MS Bejestan Ain Shams Engineering Journal 12 (1), 317-326 , 2021 2021 Citations: 20
Experimental analysis on the use of counterflow jets as a system for the stabilization of the spatial hydraulic jump S Sharoonizadeh, J Ahadiyan, AR Scorzini, M Di Bacco, M Sajjadi, ... Water 13 (18), 2572 , 2021 2021 Citations: 18
Sustainable systems engineering by CFD modeling of lateral intake flow with flexible gate operations to improve efficient water supply J Ahadiyan, SA Chenari, HA Nadian, C Katopodis, M Valipour, SM Sajjadi, ... International Journal of Sediment Research 39 (4), 629-642 , 2024 2024 Citations: 17
Numerical simulation using the finite element method to investigate the effect of internal cutoff walls on seepage and hydraulic gradients in homogeneous earth dams M Haghdoost, E Lakzian, R Norouzi, J Abraham, SM Sajjadi, J Ahadiyan Modeling Earth Systems and Environment 9 (4), 3851-3864 , 2023 2023 Citations: 17
Turbulence characteristics of the flow resulting from the hydrodynamic interaction of multiple counter flow jets in expanding channels S Sharoonizadeh, J Ahadiyan, AR Scorzini, M Di Bacco, M Sajjadi, ... Acta Mechanica 233 (9), 3867-3880 , 2022 2022 Citations: 16
Effect of sudden canal contraction on the discharge coefficient and the energy dissipation coefficient of the elliptical LOPAC gate* JA Hooman Kheybar,Seyed Mohsen Sajjadi irrigation and drianage 70 (5), 1-10 , 2021 2021 Citations: 15
Numerical investigation of Al2O3/water nanofluid in horizontal elliptic ducts using two phase mixture model M Shariat, RM Moghari, SM Sajjadi, M Khojamli Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience 10 (1), 199-207 , 2013 2013 Citations: 14
Experimental analysis of turbulence measurements in a new dissipator structural (cross beams) in abruptly expanding channels S Hajialigol, J Ahadiyan, SM Sajjadi, MA Hazi, AA Chadee, HA Nadian, ... Results in Engineering 21, 101829 , 2024 2024 Citations: 13
The effect of sheet piles’ inclination angle, number, and distance on seepage through an earthfill dam M Haghdoost, SM Sajjadi, J Ahadiyan, R Norouzi, J Abraham Ain Shams Engineering Journal 15 (12), 103056 , 2024 2024 Citations: 12
Enhancing hydraulic efficiency of side intakes using spur dikes: a case study of hemmat water intake, Iran SA Chenari, HA Nadian, J Ahadiyan, M Valipour, G Oliveto, SM Sajjadi Water 16 (16), 2254 , 2024 2024 Citations: 12
Investigation of the different models of elliptical-lopac gate performance under submerged flow conditions A Pilbala, M Shafai Bejestan, SM Sajjadi, L Fraccarollo Water Resources Management 2023 (9), 3527-3542 , 2023 2023 Citations: 12
Experimental investigation of T-jump stabilization using water jets and sinusoidal corrugated beds M Tahmasbipour, H Azizi Nadian, J Ahadiyan, G Oliveto, SM Sajjadi, ... Water 16 (23), 3513 , 2024 2024 Citations: 11
Experimental study of spatial hydraulic jump stabilization using lateral jet flow M Haghdoost, SM Sajjadi, M Fathi Moghadam, J Ahadiyan Water Supply 22 (11), 8337-8352 , 2022 2022 Citations: 10
Drag coefficient of rigid and flexible deciduous trees in riparian forests M Fathi-Moghadam, S Salmanzadeh, J Ahadiyan, M Sajadi Journal of Hydraulic Engineering 150 (5), 04024027 , 2024 2024 Citations: 9
Effect of baffled outlet keys at Piano Key Weir on dissipating energy SM Sajadi Irrigation and drainage structures engineering research 18 (69), 77-92 , 2017 2017 Citations: 9
Redesigning the fuse plug, emergency spillway, and flood warning system: An application of flood management SM Sajjadi, S Barihi, J Ahadiyan, H Azizi Nadian, M Valipour, ... Water 16 (24), 3694 , 2024 2024 Citations: 8
Experimental analysis of multi-horizontal submerged jets energy dissipater M Moradi, M Sajjadi, R Balachandar, A Arman, A Ilinca ISH Journal of Hydraulic Engineering 28 (3), 281-291 , 2022 2022 Citations: 8