MEASURING THE PERFORMANCE OF HUMANITARIAN SUPPLY CHAINS: A SYSTEM OF INDICATORS Dušan Repik, Pavel Foltin Economic Thought and Practice, 2025 Humanitarian supply chains are essential for timely and effective crisis response, yet measuring their performance remains challenging.This article identifies and analyzes factors influencing the performance of humanitarian supply chains, aiming to establish a comprehensive performance measurement system.Initially, it examines the current methods used to assess performance in these supply chains.Based on this analysis, a structured system of performance indicators is proposed, distinguishing between efficiency and effectiveness in processes and measuring outcomes to evaluate the results and impact of humanitarian efforts.The research concludes with a validated set of indicators designed to enhance efficiency and optimize logistics capabilities in humanitarian operations, providing practical value for application within humanitarian organizations.
Evaluation of the viscoelastic properties of pork liver pâté during sterilisation observed in situ Marketa Pětová, Zdenek Polášek, Barbora Lapčíková, Lubomir Lapčík, Leona Buňková, Matej Pospiech, Pavel Foltin, Jaroslav Talár, Richardos Nikolaos Salek, Vendula Kůrová, Katerina Křištofová, Frantisek Buňka Lwt, 2024 The first aim of the study was to observe in situ changes in the viscoelastic properties of pork liver pâté during an increase in temperature (the target temperature of 122 °C), holding it (10 min), and the subsequent cooling thereof using a dynamic oscillatory rheometry equipped with a pressure cell. At the same time, the samples were treated according to the same sterilisation mode in an autoclave. The second objective was to characterise the physical, chemical and microscopic properties of the sterilised pork liver pâté samples after 7 days of storage at 5 °C. A sharp decrease in the values of the storage (G'; Pa) and loss (G'´; Pa) moduli up to ≈58 °C was followed by a stagnation of these parameters up to ≈70 °C and a further increase in G' and G'´ up to ≈85 °C. After cooling the sterilised samples, the G' and G'´ values were significantly higher than those of the original untreated sample. Knowledge about the course of the viscoelastic moduli development during sterilisation and subsequent cooling and the quality characteristics of final food products is crucial for the control of these processes during manufacturing and for information important for pipeline transport. In the future, selected hydrocolloids could be evaluated as possible substances for confirmation of their effect on the viscoelastic properties during sterilisation.
THE EFFECTS OF SUPPLY CHAIN COMPLEXITY ON RESILIENCE – A SIMULATION-BASED STUDY , Pavel Foltin,, Judit Nagy Logforum, 2023 Background: The aim of the paper is to analyse the effects of disruptions on supply chain performance and overall resilience. In recent years, global supply chains have been under great pressure and faced many challenges, like demand fluctuation, lack of raw materials or supply, disruption of transportation corridors and lockdowns. As a response to this, global companies started to reorganize their supply chains, trying to save and maintain their core operations by reshoring, multiple sourcing or increasing their inventory levels, and thereby reaching a higher level of long-term supplychain sustainability. Methods: The disruptive changes in transportation resources and their overall impact on supply chains and their complexity were explored. By using the simulation tool Simul8, hypotheses on how disruptive events influence supply chain performance were tested. The model tested key performance indicators (KPIs) of 3- and 4-tier supply chains, primarily average lead time in the system, average idle time in process, and resource utilization level. Results: In this study, a standard 3-tier supply chain model was compared with a 4-tier supply chain model to determine how KPIs change when there is disruption to transport and storage capabilities. The results indicate that in case of disruption, the 3-tier supply chain performs better than the 4-tier supply chain, even if the 4th tier is a cross-docking center inserted into the system to be able to react to demand fluctuations quickly. Based on this outcome, complexity does not serve resilience. Conclusions: Based on the simulations performed, recommendations are formulated for practitioners on how to develop the structure of supply chains, taking into account their level of resilience.
Evaluation of processed cheese viscoelastic properties during sterilization observed in situ F. Buňka, M. Sedlačík, P. Foltin, Z. Lazárková, M. Pětová, L. Buňková, K. Purevdorj, J. Talár, V. Kůrová, M. Novotný, M. Vlkovský, R.N. Salek Journal of Dairy Science, 2023 Sterilized processed cheese is a specific dairy product with a prolonged shelf life intended for regular retail offer but also as food provisions for armies during peacetime, as well as during crisis and emergency situations, and for storage in state material reserves. Storage requirements are usually defined as ≤25°C for at least 24 mo. One of the ways to achieve such a shelf life is sterilization. Therefore, the aim of the work was to describe, for the first time in the available scientific literature, in situ changes in the viscoelastic properties of spreadable melt (34% wt/wt DM content, 45% wt/wt fat in DM content, and 14% wt/wt protein content) during an increase in temperature (target temperature 122°C), holding at sterilization temperature (20 min) and subsequent cooling (to ~30°C). While increasing to the target sterilization temperature, a significant decrease occurred in the storage and loss moduli values. Both moduli started to increase again during the target sterilization temperature period and during the whole cooling phase. The values of the storage and loss moduli were significantly higher at the end of the cooling of the sterilized product, and conversely, the phase angle value was lower compared with the melt before sterilization. As a result of sterilization, an increase occurred in the levels of markers of the Maillard reaction complex and lipid oxidation processes. The value of hardness, corrected stress, and elongational viscosity also increased compared with nonsterilized products. As a result of sterilization, the flavor worsened and sterilized processed cheeses showed darker (brownish) color. However, even after sterilization, the products were evaluated as acceptable for consumers and maintained their spreadability.
Using Big Data Analysis in increasing transportation infrastructure resilience Ph.D. Pavel Foltin, Ph.D. Judit Nagy, Ph.D. Vojtech Ondryhal Transportation Research Procedia, 2023 Transportation infrastructure plays a vital role in supporting economic activity and ensuring the resilience of communities. This study examines the interconnection of socio-economic effects and the transportation infrastructure resilience in a country in the context of possible disruptions. The results of the study suggest that exploring the relevant socio-economic indicators and monitoring them might help increasing transportation infrastructure resilience by reducing the impact of disruptions on economic activity and improving access to essential goods and services. Additionally, the study finds that the socio-economic effects of transportation infrastructure are complex and multifaceted, and that a comprehensive approach is needed to fully understand and address the challenges posed by disruptions to transportation systems. Overall, the study emphasizes the importance of transportation infrastructure for community resilience and highlights the need for continued investment in this critical infrastructure.
Critical view on sterilisation effect on processed cheese properties designed for feeding support in crisis and emergency situations Alena Jedounková, Zuzana Lazárková, Lucie Hampelová, Vendula Kůrová, Matej Pospiech, Leona Buňková, Pavel Foltin, Richardos Nikolaos Salek, Jiří Malíšek, Jaroslav Michálek, František Buňka Lwt, 2022 This study aimed to design high-quality and safe spreadable processed cheese with a prolonged shelf life appropriate for logistic support in emergency/crisis situations, foreign missions, and/or state material reserves. Samples with dry matter content (DM) of 30–55 g/100 g and fat in dry matter content (FDM) of 30–50 g/100 g were produced, hermetically sealed and sterilised at 120 °C for 40 min. The microbiological, chemical, textural, viscoelastic, and organoleptic parameters of unsterilised and sterilised processed cheese were compared. The effect of the products' dry matter and fat content on the sterilised samples’ properties was also evaluated. The sterilisation regime applied was sufficient to ensure the microbiological safety of processed cheese. A significant decrease in pH values and increased rate of the complex of Maillard reactions and lipid oxidation processes (P > 0.05) was detected due to sterilisation. These processes were more intense with increasing dry matter and fat content (P > 0.05). A deterioration in the appearance, colour, and aroma of processed cheese and an increase in the firmness of the products (P > 0.05) were also observed as a result of sterilisation. For the quality and safety of sterilised processed cheese, combinations of 40 g/100 g DM and 50 g/100 g FDM were recommended for spreadable products.
Changes in the Quality Attributes of Selected Long-Life Food at Four Different Temperatures over Prolonged Storage Tomáš Šopík, Zuzana Lazárková, Richardos Nikolaos Salek, Jaroslav Talár, Khatantuul Purevdorj, Leona Buňková, Pavel Foltin, Petra Jančová, Martin Novotný, Robert Gál, František Buňka Foods, 2022 This study reports the development of selected indicators affecting changes in food quality and safety of selected long-life canned (Szeged goulash, canned chicken meat, pork pâté, canned tuna fish) and dehydrated (instant goulash soup) food during a two-year storage experiment at four different temperatures. The storage temperatures were selected to represent Arctic (−18 °C), temperate (5 °C), subtropical (25 °C) and tropical (40 °C) climatic zones where such food is likely to be stored during, for example, humanitarian and military missions. Microorganism amounts below the detection limit (p < 0.05), regardless of the storage temperature (p ≥ 0.05), were monitored in canned samples. The contents of dry matter, fat and proteins did not change during storage, regardless of the storage temperature (p ≥ 0.05). During the 24-month storage, all food showed an increase in the level of ammonia (p < 0.05) and the TBARS-value (p < 0.05), whereas the rate of increase in both parameters was significantly higher at higher storage temperatures (p < 0.05). The losses of individual amino acids during storage ranged from 5% rel. calculated on the amino acid contents in Month “0” up to 15% rel. (p < 0.05). With storage temperatures above the freezing point, the hardness values decreased with the increase in the storage temperature (p < 0.05) and prolongation of the storage period (p < 0.05). Moreover, with temperatures of −18 °C, the development of hardness, measured as the “decrease rate”, was significantly higher compared to the absolute values.
Impact of long-term storage on the quality of selected sugar-based foods stored at different temperatures Tomáš Šopík, Zuzana Lazárková, Leona Buňková, Khatantuul Purevdorj, Richardos Nikolaos Salek, Jaroslav Talár, Martin Novotný, Pavel Foltin, Vendula Pachlová, František Buňka Lwt, 2022 The aim of the presented study was to evaluate the microbiological, chemical, physical and organoleptic properties of sugar-based foods (apricot-apple jam, flower meadow honey, sweetened hazelnut cocoa spread) stored at four different temperatures (−18, 5, 23 and 40 °C) for a period of 24 months. In addition, critical combinations of storage temperature and time were determined for maintaining food quality and food safety. Storage of all samples ≤23 °C appeared to be safe from a microbiology perspective, while in the case of storage at 40 °C it was not recommended to exceed a storage period of 6 or 12 months. The pH-values decreased and the dry matter, ammonia, TBARS content increased most intensively during the first 6 months of storage (P < 0.05). The amino acid content of sweetened hazelnut cocoa spread decreased significantly at 40 °C (P < 0.05). With the prolonged storage time, the organoleptic properties of the samples deteriorated. The changes were more intensive when an elevated storage temperature was used (P < 0.05). Moreover, under the above-mentioned conditions a marginal decrease of the total saccharide content in all samples was observed. In addition, the apparent viscosity of the honey and the firmness of the jam increased significantly at elevated temperatures of 40 °C (P < 0.05).
NEGATIVE IMPACTS FROM DISRUPTION OF ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE ELEMENT PERFORMANCE ON DEPENDENT SUBSYSTEMS: METHODOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK David Rehak, David Patrman, Pavel Foltin, Zdeněk Dvořák, Viktor Skrickij Transport, 2022 The critical infrastructure system is determined by subsystems essential for the functioning of the state (such as energy, transport, and emergency services). Disruption to the function of these subsystems would have serious effects on state security, the state economy, and the provisioning of the inhabitants’ basic human needs. Links connect these subsystems (i.e., sectors, subsectors, and elements), and these links ensure that certain subsystems are integrated into each other. Their interactions are derived from the type and intensity of the mutual link. The interlinked subsystems can thus be divided into influencing and dependent ones. The aforementioned mutual links in the critical infrastructure system allow, amongst other things, the spread of impacts of disruptive events amongst the subsystems via cascading effects. Disruptions to the performance of an influencing subsystem may have negative effects on a dependent subsystem, resulting in the spread of cascading effects in the critical infrastructure system. Such effects are often difficult to predict, which reduces the responsiveness of the dependent subsystems. Road transport is one of the most significant influences on critical infrastructure subsystems. For this reason, the article focuses on an indication of the negative effects of disruption of road infrastructure elements on dependent subsystems. The article describes the role of road infrastructure in the context of the critical infrastructure system. Defines the dependent subsystems of road infrastructure, categorises the negative effects, and presents a possible approach to assessing the adverse effects of disruption road infrastructure performance on dependent subsystems.
Ground Visibility Analyses, Algorithms and Performance Dana Kristalova, Vlastimil Neumann, Pavla Zakova, Stepan Konecky, Jiri Kralicek, Pavel Foltin, Libor Kutej, Jan Zezula, Radomir Scurek Lecture Notes in Computer Science Including Subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics, 2022
Modelling of the Microrelief Impact to the Cross Country Movement Jan Mazal, Marian Rybanský, Agostino G. Bruzzone, Libor Kutěj, Radomir Scurek, Pavel Foltin, Daniel Zlatník International Conference on Harbour Maritime and Multimodal Logistics Modelling and Simulation, 2020
Measuring The Performance Of Humanitarian Supply Chains: A System Of Indicators D Repik, P Foltin Ekonomska misao i praksa 34 (1), 255-276 , 2025 2025 Citations: 1
MJERENJE UČINKA HUMANITARNIH LANACA OPSKRBE: SUSTAV POKAZATELJA D Repik, P Foltin Ekonomska misao i praksa 34 (1), 255-276 , 2025 2025
Data-Driven Strategies for Enhancing Supply Chain and Transportation Infrastructure Resilience J Nagy, P Foltin International Conference on Central European Infrastructure Protection, 1-16 , 2024 2024
Evaluation of the viscoelastic properties of pork liver pâté during sterilisation observed in situ M Pětová, Z Polášek, B Lapčíková, L Lapčík, L Buňková, M Pospiech, ... Lwt 191, 115614 , 2024 2024 Citations: 8
EXPERT INSTITUTE AS A TOOL FOR OBJECTIFYING THE MILITARY ACQUISITION PROCESS. K POSPISIL, D POSPISILOVA, P FOLTIN Ad Alta: Journal of Interdisciplinary Research 13 (2) , 2023 2023 Citations: 3
Současné trendy, krizové stavy a jejich vliv na bezpečnost dodavatelských řetězců D Repík, N Hanáková, J Kotisa, P Foltin Vojenské rozhledy/Czech Military Review 104 (3), 63-81 , 2023 2023
Evaluation of processed cheese viscoelastic properties during sterilization observed in situ F Buňka, M Sedlačík, P Foltin, Z Lazárková, M Pětová, L Buňková, ... Journal of Dairy Science 106 (8), 5298-5308 , 2023 2023 Citations: 6
The effects of supply chain complexity on resilience–a simulation-based study P Foltin, J Nagy LogForum 19 (4), 641-654 , 2023 2023 Citations: 6
Analysis Of Problems Of The Performance Management Of Humanitarian Supply Chains D Repík, P Foltin Proceedings of International Scientific Conference Business Logistics in … , 2023 2023 Citations: 1
Increase supply chain resilience by applying early warning signals within big-data analysis J Nagy, P Foltin Ekonomski vjesnik/Econviews-Review of Contemporary Business … , 2022 2022 Citations: 8
Critical view on sterilisation effect on processed cheese properties designed for feeding support in crisis and emergency situations A Jedounková, Z Lazárková, L Hampelová, V Kůrová, M Pospiech, ... LWT 171, 114135 , 2022 2022 Citations: 10
Changes in the quality attributes of selected long-life food at four different temperatures over prolonged storage T Šopík, Z Lazárková, RN Salek, J Talár, K Purevdorj, L Buňková, P Foltin, ... Foods 11 (14), 2004 , 2022 2022 Citations: 9
Ground Visibility Analyses, Algorithms and Performance J Kralicek, P Foltin, L Kutej, J Zezula, R Scurek Modelling and Simulation for Autonomous Systems: 8th International … , 2022 2022
Impact of long-term storage on the quality of selected sugar-based foods stored at different temperatures T Šopík, Z Lazárková, L Buňková, K Purevdorj, RN Salek, J Talár, ... Lwt 157, 113095 , 2022 2022 Citations: 10
Scenarios of Supply Chain Security P Foltin, P Tulach Trends and Future Directions in Security and Emergency Management 257, 369 , 2022 2022
Scenarios of Supply Chain Security and Resilience Under the Conditions of Uncertainty and Sudden Demand Shifts P Foltin, P Tulach Trends and Future Directions in Security and Emergency Management, 369-384 , 2022 2022
Proposal of a group-specific risk assessment procedure for soft targets: A data-based approach T Zeman, J Břeň, P Foltin, R Urban Trends and Future Directions in Security and Emergency Management, 159-171 , 2022 2022 Citations: 6
Logistics support planning model in the conditions of limited resources NB Simić, MA Milenkov, VR Milovanović, VS Sokolović, PЈ Foltin, ... Vojnotehnički glasnik/Military Technical Courier 70 (1), 109-139 , 2022 2022 Citations: 4
Measuring The Performance of Humanitarian Supply Chains and Problems of Their Application In Practice D Repík, P Foltin 39th IBIMA Conference Proceedings. Presented at the 39th IBIMA International … , 2022 2022 Citations: 3
Applications of performance indicators for optimization of humanitarian chains D Repík, P Foltin LogForum 18 (4) , 2022 2022 Citations: 5
MOST CITED SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
Evaluation model of the companies operating within logistic network P Foltin, M Gontarczyk, A Świderski, J Zelkowski Archives of Transport 36 (4), 21-33 , 2015 2015 Citations: 43
Vybrané aspekty soudobého terorismu D Řehák, P Foltin, R Stojar Ministerstvo obrany České republiky-Agentura vojenských informací a služeb , 2008 2008 Citations: 33
Discrete event simulation in future military logistics applications and aspects P Foltin, M Vlkovský, J Mazal, J Husák, M Brunclík International Workshop on Modelling and Simulation for Autonomous Systems … , 2017 2017 Citations: 31
Optimizating cargo security during transport using dataloggers M Vlkovský, T Ivanuša, V Neumann, P Foltin, H Vlachová Journal of Transportation Security 10 (3), 63-71 , 2017 2017 Citations: 26
Modelling of the microrelief impact to the cross country movement J Mazal, M Rybanský, AG Bruzzone, L Kutěj, R Scurek, P Foltin, D Zlatník Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Harbor, Maritime and … , 2020 2020 Citations: 16
Quality changes of long-life foods during three-month storage at different temperatures Z Bubelová, M Černíková, L Buňková, J Talár, V Zajíček, P Foltin, F Buňka Potravinarstvo , 2017 2017 Citations: 16
The cargo securing based on European standards and its applicability in off-road transport conditions M Vlkovský, K Pochobradska, P Foltin, V Zajíček, T Binar 3rd International Conference on Traffic and Transport Engineering (ICTTE … , 2016 2016 Citations: 16
Security of logistics chains against terrorist threats P Foltin 17th International conference the knowledge-based organization, conference … , 2011 2011 Citations: 16
Historický vývoj terorismu P Foltin, D Řehák Obrana a strategie, 45-60 , 2006 2006 Citations: 15
Usability of performance indicators of logistics infrastructure availability in supply chain designing P Foltin, M Brunclík, V Ondryhal, L Vogal Business logistics in modern management , 2018 2018 Citations: 14
Integrated environmental risk assessment of major accidents in the transport of hazardous substances A Bernatik, D Rehak, V Cozzani, P Foltin, J Valasek, F Paulus Sustainability 13 (21), 11993 , 2021 2021 Citations: 12
Research methods in humanitarian logistics–current approaches and future trends P Tulach, P Foltin Business logistics in modern management , 2019 2019 Citations: 12
Classification of terrorism risk by multidimensional statistical methods S Marek, O Jakub, F Pavel AIP conference proceedings 1648 (1), 720011 , 2015 2015 Citations: 12
Use of Big Data Analysis to identify possible sources of Supply Chain disruption through the DOTMLPFI method J Nagy, P Foltin LogForum 18 (3), 309-319 , 2022 2022 Citations: 11
Critical view on sterilisation effect on processed cheese properties designed for feeding support in crisis and emergency situations A Jedounková, Z Lazárková, L Hampelová, V Kůrová, M Pospiech, ... LWT 171, 114135 , 2022 2022 Citations: 10
Impact of long-term storage on the quality of selected sugar-based foods stored at different temperatures T Šopík, Z Lazárková, L Buňková, K Purevdorj, RN Salek, J Talár, ... Lwt 157, 113095 , 2022 2022 Citations: 10
Důvody realizace a formy terorismu P FOLTIN, D ŘEHÁK Strategie a obrana , 2005 2005 Citations: 10
Changes in the quality attributes of selected long-life food at four different temperatures over prolonged storage T Šopík, Z Lazárková, RN Salek, J Talár, K Purevdorj, L Buňková, P Foltin, ... Foods 11 (14), 2004 , 2022 2022 Citations: 9
Negative impacts from disruption of road infrastructure element performance on dependent subsystems: methodological framework D Rehak, D Patrman, P Foltin, Z Dvořák, V Skrickij Transport 36 (6), 510-524 , 2021 2021 Citations: 9
Evaluation of the viscoelastic properties of pork liver pâté during sterilisation observed in situ M Pětová, Z Polášek, B Lapčíková, L Lapčík, L Buňková, M Pospiech, ... Lwt 191, 115614 , 2024 2024 Citations: 8