Baic Ireneusz

Scopus Publications

Extraction and Production of natural aggrEgatEs in Poland and thE EuroPEan union – analysis of changEs and forEcasts
Wiesław Kozioł, Ireneusz Baic, Artur Miros
Archives of Mining Sciences, 2025
Urbanisation, economic development and the growth of the world’s population contribute to a continuous increase in demand for mineral aggregates. In many countries and regions (Arab countries, some Asian countries) there is a significant deficit of aggregates, contributing to unsustainable exploitation with a negative environmental impact. To regulate this unfavourable situation related to the management of aggregate resources, one of the main conclusions of the UNEP 2019 Report is the need for a universal introduction of planning and monitoring of the process of obtaining natural aggregates. The paper presents changes in the extraction and production of aggregates between 2005-2022 for Poland and the European Union (2008-2022). These changes confirm the dependence of aggregate production on cement consumption in both Poland and the EU. Econometric models estimated for these relationships were then used to forecast aggregate production. The relatively small errors shown in the ex-post forecasts (2020-2023) confirm the possibility of using the estimated dependencies for ex-ante forecasts (2024-2027), which is illustrated, for example, by the production of mineral aggregates in Poland and the EU.
30 years of extraction of construction aggregates in Poland – analysis of changes and forecasts
Anna Ostańska
Materialy Budowlane, 2024
Wydawnictwo SIGMA-NOT wydaje czasopisma fachowe informujące swoich czytelników o najnowszych osiągnięciach naukowych i nowoczesnych rozwiązaniach technicznych w Polsce i na świecie, popularyzuje problemy techniczne oraz poszerza wiedzę i kulturę techniczną.
Modern Methods of Dry Mineral Separation - Polish Experience
Waldemar Mijał, Ireneusz Baic, Wiesław Blaschke
2021
Dependence of extraction and production of construction aggregates on selected indicators of economic development in Poland
I. Baic, W. Kozioł, Artur Miros
Archives of Civil Engineering, 2021
The document presents current methods of forecasting aggregate production, mainly depending on the size and dynamics of changes in GDP. With a view to developing more accurate forecasts, this article presents the dependence of extraction and consumption of mineral aggregates used in construction on two indicators: the general business climate indicator in the construction industry and the cement consumption volume. The results obtained from regression and correlation analysis turned out more favourable for the dependence of aggregates production on cement consumption. This particularly applies to the dependence of sand and gravel aggregate production and total natural aggregate production on cement consumption. Good dependence has also been confirmed for other European countries as well as for the USA. For Poland, the indicator of sand and gravel aggregates production for cement production in recent years was between 9.5 and 12 Mg/Mg. The values of this indicator vary from country to country, mainly depending on the share of different types of aggregates in total production of aggregates in construction industry. Although the indicator values vary considerably, its advantage is that cement production is identified and included in the industrial production balance sheets of most countries, which is not the case when it comes to the identification or accurate record for the production of construction aggregates. The adoption of this indicator makes it possible to monitor the extraction of natural construction aggregates for individual countries and regions more accurately, as called for – among other things – by UN resolutions.
Valorization Method for Hard Coal as Fuel for Nonindustrial Combustion Installations with Special Regard to Reduction of Mercury Content
Tadeusz Dziok, Andrzej Strugała, Ireneusz Baic, Dajana Olszewska
Energy and Fuels, 2020
Mercury and its compounds are classified as very toxic and they pose a real threat to human health. Coal combustion processes constitute one of the main sources of mercury emission to the environment. The use of hard coal by the nonindustrial combustion installations sector (among others households) is a special issue. In contrast to large coal-fired power plants, such users are not equipped with systems for reducing emissions. For this group of users, it is necessary to use hard coal with the lowest possible mercury content. In the paper, a method for the production of hard coal with low mercury content based on combined processes of dry deshaling and thermal pretreatment is proposed. The proposed method allowed for a reduction of mercury content in the analyzed coals from 43 to even 92% (in relation to its lower heating value). The produced coals were characterized by relatively low mercury contents from 1.5 to 4.8 μg/MJ with an average of 2.4 μg/MJ. The application of this method may potentially reduce the annual mercury emission from the Polish sector of nonindustrial combustion installations by 0.365 Mg.
Mining, production and development of small fractions of gravel and sand aggregates in north-western poland
Rocznik Ochrona Srodowiska, 2020
Aggregates production in poland and other selected countries – an analysis of dependence on cement production
I. Baic, W. Kozioł
Gospodarka Surowcami Mineralnymi Mineral Resources Management, 2020
The growth of the global population, urbanization as well as economic and industrial development, affect the continuously increasing demand for mineral aggregates. The current assessed global production of mineral aggregates amounts to 50 billion Mg/year, which statistically approximates 6.5 Mg per an inhabitant of the globe. In terms of consumption volume, water is the only raw material ahead of aggregates. Despite such a great scale, in many countries and regions the extraction and production of aggregates belong to the least regulated sector of human activity. This refers particularly to the countries of A sia, A frica, and North A merica, where both the resources and the extraction of aggregates, particularly of sand and gravels, are either not monitored and registered. It significantly increases the negative impact on the natural environment, due to the destruction of riverbeds and oxbows, coastal erosion, drying up cultivation areas, etc. In the reports, local terminology of aggregates often functions, which makes it difficult to compare them and prepare appropriate balances. In order to regulate the unfavorable situation, one of the main conclusions of the Report (UNEP 2019) is the need of implementing a common requirement to plan and monitor the process of extraction of natural resources. The paper presents the possibility of forecasting the extraction and producing aggregates based on the consumption of cement, i.e. the basic building material. A lthough the analyzed coefficient of mineral aggregate production per unit of cement consumption (production) varies, its advantage is the fact that the production of cement is identified and taken into account in balances of industrial production of the majority of countries, whereas such identification for mineral aggregate production are still lacking.
Extraction, Production and Consumption of Gravel and Sand Aggregates in Poland An Attempt to Assess National and Regional Balances
W Kozioł, I Baic
Iop Conference Series Materials Science and Engineering, 2019
Abstract Natural aggregates are the basic group of extracted minerals. In Poland, their share in the extraction of solid minerals over 30 years (1989–2018) increased from about 24% to 54%. Current aggregate production is about 300 million Mg and in 2019 it will probably exceed the record volume of 2011 – over 330 million Mg. In the extraction and production of aggregates in Poland, there is a decisive preponderance of gravel and sand aggregates – their share in the total production of natural aggregates amounts to 70–75%. The remaining part consists of crushed-stone aggregates produced from compact and moderately compact rocks of magma origin (basalts, granites, gabbro and diabases, melaphyres, porphyry, syenites, etc.), sedimentary rocks (dolomites, limestones, sandstones, etc.), and metamorphic rocks (amphibolites, migamatites, gneisses, serpentinites, etc.). A gradual deterioration in the quality of the raw material base of gravel and sands as well as a simultaneous increase in the demand of the construction industry for the best quality thick aggregate fractions (5/8mm, 8/11, etc.) has a significant impact on the rise in the amount of hard to sell and unsalable (waste) fractions of aggregates produced in Poland. This applies especially to gravel and sand aggregates in whose deposit the share of fine fractions (below 2 mm) is systematically increasing, while the demand for them in the construction sector is limited and they are often treated as useless (waste) material. Since it is practically unknown what is the production and consumption of these aggregates, an attempt was made to assess the amount of extracted and produced sand and gravel fractions of natural aggregates in Poland. The deficit of natural aggregates in many countries and regions as well as the limited aggregate resources in Poland and increasing difficulties in obtaining licenses for their extraction indicate the need for selective storage of sand aggregate assortments instead of “melting” them in post-mining excavation pits. The presented research results should contribute to the development of more accurate market forecasts regarding the demand for and production of natural aggregates in Poland and in individual regions, especially when it comes to gravel and sand aggregates, including also fine fractions.
FGX air-vibrating separators for cleaning steam coal - Functional and economical parameters
W Blaschke, I Baic
Iop Conference Series Materials Science and Engineering, 2019
Abstract FGX Dry Separators are a construction developed at the turn of the 20th century. It was created in China as a combination of a vertical jet air classifier and a vibration screen with a tapered channel. This structure has been modified (Figure 1). These separators proved to be very effective in deshaling of excavated coal. They are designed to remove as many grains of stone as possible. For this reason, separation is carried out in the thickness range above 2.0 g/cm 3 . The article describes the structure of dry separator as well as the principle of its operation. The factors influencing the enrichment efficiency and the separation accuracy of feed parameters have also been listed here. Moreover, the technical parameters of the separator which are subject to regulation and influence the course of the separation process have been discussed. Synthetic information on economic efficiency has been provided. The possibilities of application of FGX separators in the systems of existing enrichment plants or as independent processing plants have been presented. There are currently three FGX separators working in Poland. In the Institute of Mechanised Construction and Rock Mining in the Katowice Branch, the bituminous coal of some mines is tested on an installation with a capacity of up to 10 Mg/h. The results of the research confirm the possibility of implementing FGX separators in the bituminous coal mining in Poland. Two separators, with a capacity of about 30 Mg/h, improve the parameters of imported coal intended for individual customers; they are owned by private companies. More than 2000 FGX separators in more than a dozen countries are in operation in the world. They are effective and are referred to as ‘21st century technology’.
FGX air-vibrating separators for cleaning steam coal – Functional and economical parameters
Michaela Vachtlová, Vítězslav Urbanec, Vladimír Lapčík, Martin LAPČÍK
Inzynieria Mineralna, 2019
The paper focuses on land – use planning (zoning) (hereinafter referred to as “planning”) as a part of Building Law, specifically on the issue of regional reserves and their definition in the land use plan (hereinafter referred to as “plan”). There are examples of determination of areas of regional reserves for mineral extraction. At the same time, attention is also paid to potential environmental conflicts that may present regional reserves and the possibilities of their solution. The paper also deals with some links between the institute of regional reserves and the mining claim.
Extraction, production and consumption of gravel and sand aggregates in Poland – An attempt to assess national and regional balances
Wiesław KOZIOŁ, I. Baic
Inzynieria Mineralna, 2019
Analysis of mercury content in feed coal and rejects for selected hard coal cleaning processes
Rocznik Ochrona Srodowiska, 2019
Studies on the effectiveness of mercury removal from hard coal with the rejects in the washing and dry deshaling processes
Katarina Feriančíková, Edita Lazarová, Mária Kruľáková, Lucia Ivaničová, Igor Leššo
Inzynieria Mineralna, 2019
Rock mining in Poland – Current status and conditions for development
W. Kozioł, I. Baic
Inzynieria Mineralna, 2018
Preliminary study on the reduction of mercury content in steam coal by using a pneumatic vibrating concentrating table
I. Baic, W. Blaschke
Inzynieria Mineralna, 2018
Deposits of coal slurry as secondary resources of hard coal
Acta Montanistica Slovaca, 2018
Preliminary studies on the reduction of mercury content in steam coal through the use of air-vibrating concentration table
Rocznik Ochrona Srodowiska, 2017
Coal Preparation in Poland - Development Trends for Increasing Production Efficiency
Inżynieria Mineralna -Styczeń -Czerwiec, Matej Tešinský, Peter Baláž, Peter Bal, Y Kawashima, et al.
Inzynieria Mineralna, 2017
Environmental aspects of sand and gravel aggregates exploitation from under the water in Poland
Rocznik Ochrona Srodowiska, 2017
Current state, improvements and latest trends in coal preparation in Poland
Wiesław S. Blaschke, Ireneusz Baic, Józef Szafarczyk
E3s Web of Conferences, 2016
Aggregates from mineral wastes
Ireneusz Baic, Wieslaw Koziol, Lukasz Machniak
E3s Web of Conferences, 2016
Mining of aggregates in Poland - Opportunities and threats
Inzynieria Mineralna, 2016
Current state, improvements and latest trends in coal preparation in poland
Rocznik Ochrona Srodowiska, 2016
Constructional Improvements of FGX-1 air concentrating table aiming at optimization of operation
Inzynieria Mineralna, 2016
A study of the deshaling of polish hard coal using an FGX unit type of air concentrating table
Wiesław S. Blaschke, Józef Szafarczyk, Ireneusz Baic, Wojciech Sobko
Xviii International Coal Preparation Congress 28 June 01 July 2016 Saint Petersburg Russia, 2016
A study of the beneficiation of coal slurry deposits to obtain quality properties which would make them usable commercial energy products
Aleksander LUTYŃSKI, Wiesław S. BLASCHKE, Jan SZPYRKA, Ireneusz BAIC
Xviii International Coal Preparation Congress 28 June 01 July 2016 Saint Petersburg Russia, 2016
Status of coal mining and coal preparation in Poland
Wiesław S. BLASCHKE, Józef SZAFARCZYK, Ireneusz BAIC, Zofia BLASCHKE, Lidia GAWLIK
Xviii International Coal Preparation Congress 28 June 01 July 2016 Saint Petersburg Russia, 2016
Coal Preparation in the World - Current status and global trends: A review
J. B. Rubinstein, , A. Swanson, M. E. Holuszko, Z. Shaoqiang, D. Ziaja, G. Anastassakis, L. Bokányi, R. K. Sachdev, N. S. Bekturganov, E. K. Abuldinov, W. Blaschke, I. Baic, G. J. De Korte, G. Ozbayoglu, M. Laurila, D. Jenkinson, S. A. Vorobev, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , and
Gornyi Zhurnal, 2016
Research on energy coal deshaling on air concentration tables
Rocznik Ochrona Srodowiska, 2015
Application of Air Concentrating Table for Improvement in the Quality Parameters of the Commercial Product "Jaret®"
Inzynieria Mineralna, 2015
A new method for removing organic contaminants of Gangue from the coal output
Rocznik Ochrona Srodowiska, 2015
Dry coal cleaning technology
Inzynieria Mineralna, 2014
Analysis of the chemical, physical and energetic parameters of coal sludge deposits inventoried in the silesian province
Rocznik Ochrona Srodowiska, 2013
Technologies of Hard Coal Mining Waste Management - Results of the FORESIGHT OGWK Project
Rocznik Ochrona Srodowiska, 2013
Application of fluidized bed combustion ashes for enhancement of mining waste management
Inzynieria Mineralna, 2012
Hard coal mining waste management technologies - diagnosis of current development, innovativeness evaluation and swot analysis
Rocznik Ochrona Srodowiska, 2011
Problem of economic impact of spoil excavation in hard coal mines
Rocznik Ochrona Srodowiska, 2011
Preliminary studies on the possibility of prediction of quality parameters of waste produced in the process of coals enrichment
Rocznik Ochrona Srodowiska, 2011
Deposits of coal sludge - inventory and quantitative identification
Rocznik Ochrona Srodowiska, 2011
Effect of selected factors on the development of innovative hard coal mining waste management technologies determined by cross-impact analysis
Rocznik Ochrona Srodowiska, 2011
Foresight ogwk - innovativeness analysis of hard coal mining waste management technology with application of delphi method
Rocznik Ochrona Srodowiska, 2011
Application of analytic hierarchy process (AHP) for multicriteria assessment of the technologies of waste from coal mining management innovation
Rocznik Ochrona Srodowiska, 2011