Post Doctoral Fellow, Department of Materials, Manufacturing and Industrial Engineering Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
Characterisation of low crystallinity CNTs incorporated zinc silicate ceramic composites: Morphology, optical, dielectric and microhardness properties Kar Fei Chan, Md Shuhazlly Mamat, Mohd Hafiz Mohd Zaid, Masaki Tanemura, Mohd Zamri Mohd Yusop, Takahiro Maruyama, Kamal Prasad Sharma, Shahira Liza, Yazid Yaakob Applied Physics A Materials Science and Processing, 2026 Carbon nanotubes has been researched deeply as a reinforced material, since it showed good properties in different matrices, yet the aggregation issue has always been brought up to restrain its applicability. Carbon nanotubes’ rapid electronic conductivity was expected to enhance the ceramic composite specifically zinc silicate as the potential candidate of the fluorescent materials. In this study, low crystallinity carbon nanotubes (CNTs) synthesized by chemical vapor deposition were mixed with zinc silicate made by melt-quenching to fabricate the CNTs incorporated zinc silicate composites. The composites were analyzed using Raman, XPS, FESEM, UV-Vis, LCR and Vicker’s microhardness tester. It was found that the optical bandgap energy of the CNTs added composites a decay in the optical bandgap while the luminescence behavior remains unchanged. The FESEM image revealed that the composite included CNTs pullout and aggregation. LCR analysis showed that ZS/CNT-x composites have a higher AC conductivity value, together retain their non-ohmic conductivity with the unchanged molecular structure. Through this study, the results allowed the CNTs ceramic research path to be served the scientific community in the development of narrow bandgap material with the wide bandgap compound as the starting material.
Microstructural refinement and intermetallic strengthening in Zn–Mn alloys Kar Fei Chan, Aizuddin Supee, Masaki Tanemura, Miyazaki Hidetoshi, Mohd Zamri Mohd Yusop Journal of Materials Science, 2026 The influence of Mn addition on the microstructure, defect structure, intermetallic phase evolution, and mechanical performance of as-cast Zn-Mn alloys was systematically investigated across Mn compositions from 0 to 2.4 wt%. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) analyses revealed a monotonic reduction in average grain size from 626 ± 15 µm to 282 ± 7 µm at Mn2.4, accompanied by an increase in high-angle boundary (HAB) fraction from 58 to 75%. At low-Mn contents (0.4–0.8 wt%), refinement was governed primarily by solute drag and constitutional undercooling, with fine, discrete MnZn₁₃ precipitates providing moderate Zener pinning. When Mn addition above 1.0 wt%, lamellar polygonal MnZn₁₃ networks became prevalent, imposing stronger boundary mobility constraints and increasing lattice strain. Mechanical testing showed that Vickers hardness increased from 38.42 ± 4.33 HV to 51.24 ± 6.31 HV with Mn addition, corresponding to estimated yield strength and Young’s modulus increases from ~ 125 MPa and ~ 37.7 GPa to ~ 168 MPa and ~ 50.5 GPa, respectively. Hall–Petch analysis confirmed grain boundary strengthening as the primary hardening mechanism, supplemented by dislocation-based and particle strengthening at higher Mn levels. The results establish a clear processing microstructure property relationship in Zn-Mn alloys, highlighting low to moderate Mn additions as optimal for balancing strength, ductility, and corrosion resistance, while higher Mn levels maximize strength at the expense of potential galvanic stability.
Investigation of surface morphology and properties of aluminium alloy oxide composite coating incorporated with carbon nanotubes and graphene nanoplatelets Nik Hafizuddin Effandi Nazila, Hasnol Hadi Zakaria, Sin Tee Tan, Md Shuhazlly Mamat, Shahira Liza, Mohd Hafis Sulaiman, Kar Fei Chan, Masaki Tanemura, Yazid Yaakob Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 2026 Graphene Nanoplatelets (GNPs) and Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) offer excellent properties but often suffer agglomeration when used individually. This work investigates hybridizing CNTs and GNPs as reinforcement strategy to improve dispersion and enhance the surface and mechanical properties of Anodic Aluminium Oxide (AAO). Composite coatings were fabricated by incorporating 5g of CNT:GNP mixtures with varying ratios under specific anodizing conditions (60 min in 20 % diluted H 2 SO 4 ). XRD analysis confirmed that AAO and carbon-reinforced AAO composites exhibited orthorhombic and γ-Al 2 O 3 phases with no detrimental phase transformations caused by carbon addition. Surface morphology characterization using a 3D Profiler showed that the hybrid 0.5CNT:0.5GNP produced surface roughness of (5.701 μm) and pore dimensions (w: 50.10 μm and d: 60.13 μm) lower than AAO and AAOCNT. SEM-EDX analysis further verified these findings, indicating that CNT-GNP incorporation effectively reduces porosity. The Vicker hardness of 0.5CNT:0.5GNP showed the highest value of 240.3 HV, outperforming AAO (133 HV), AAOCNT (186.2 HV), and AAOGNP (171 HV). The superior performance of the hybrid composite demonstrates that combining CNTs and GNPs effectively mitigates agglomeration and significantly enhances the structural integrity of AAO coatings. These findings provide new insights into carbon-reinforced AAO fabrication and highlight the potential of CNT-GNP hybrids for advanced surface engineering of aluminium alloys.
Biodegradable orthopaedic implants: A systematic review of in vitro and in vivo evaluations of magnesium, iron, and zinc alloys Zatul Faqihah Mohd Salaha, Nik Nur Ain Azrin Abdullah, Kar Fei Chan, Hong-Seng Gan, Mohd Zamri Mohd Yusop, Muhammad Hanif Ramlee Results in Engineering, 2025 In the field of orthopaedics, biodegradable metallic implants have attracted substantial interest due to their potential to reduce the need for implant removal surgeries, facilitate the regeneration of native tissue, and reduce the risk of long-term complications. Although numerous literatures have been published that emphasise the successful results of biodegradable metallic implants, none of them have specifically addressed the advantages and disadvantages of the three superior metals: magnesium (Mg), iron (Fe), and zinc (Zn). Furthermore, before being implanted in the human body, these metallic implants must undergo in vitro and in vivo testing to ensure their compatibility. Therefore, this article reviewed the most recent in vitro and in vivo experiments conducted on biodegradable metallic implants, emphasising the degradation behaviour, biocompatibility, loading conditions, boundary conditions, advantages, and disadvantages of the materials. In summary, zinc-based alloys are superior to Mg and Fe in terms of strength and a favourable strength-to-weight ratio, despite the fact that they have demonstrated biocompatibility and mechanical properties that are appropriate for biomedical implants. Nevertheless, in order to guarantee the mechanical properties of materials are reliable, it is necessary to implement an alternative method, such as Computer-Aided Design (CAD) simulation.
Associations between knowledge on optimal control of serum phosphate, perceived social support, dietary phosphorus intake and phosphate compliance among hemodialysis patients Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2020
Characterisation of low crystallinity CNTs incorporated zinc silicate ceramic composites: Morphology, optical, dielectric and microhardness properties KF Chan, MS Mamat, MHM Zaid, M Tanemura, MZM Yusop, T Maruyama, ... Applied Physics A 132 (3), 236 , 2026 2026
Role of Annealing Duration on Grain Distribution and Fracture Mechanisms in Zn–Mn Alloy KF Chan, CL Ng, BBH Nazrim, Y Yaakob, H Miyazaki, M Tanemura, ... Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 186962 , 2026 2026
Microstructural refinement and intermetallic strengthening in Zn–Mn alloys KF Chan, A Supee, M Tanemura, M Hidetoshi, MZ Mohd Yusop Journal of Materials Science 61 (2), 1297-1308 , 2026 2026 Citations: 1
Investigation of Surface Morphology and Properties of Aluminium Alloy Oxide Composite Coating Incorporated with Carbon Nanotubes and Graphene Nanoplatelets NHE Nazila, HH Zakaria, ST Tan, MS Mamat, S Liza, MH Sulaiman, ... Journal of Materials Research and Technology , 2025 2025
Biodegradable orthopaedic implants: A systematic review of in vitro and in vivo evaluations of magnesium, iron, and zinc alloys ZFM Salaha, NNAA Abdullah, KF Chan, HS Gan, MZM Yusop, ... Results in Engineering 27, 105746 , 2025 2025 Citations: 17
Single-step production of N-doped graphene powder from palm kernel shell at 500° C SZM Zafir, XH Lim, J Lee, KF Chan, MHD Othman, MI Abd Samad, ... Diamond and Related Materials 156, 112398 , 2025 2025 Citations: 5
Powder metallurgy of Zn–Mn/CNF biodegradable composites: role of ball milling and sintering on material performance Y Yng, KF Chan, MI Abd Samad, MH Ramlee, Y Yaakob, M Tanemura, ... Materials Chemistry and Physics 332, 130314 , 2025 2025 Citations: 4
Influence of Mn content on microhardness in Zn-Mn/CNF cubical cast alloys: A 3D topographical study KF Chan, Y Yaakob, M Tanemura, MZM Yusop Journal of Alloys and Compounds 1012, 178486 , 2025 2025 Citations: 3
Surface characterization of oxide films formed on aluminium alloy with the incorporation of functionalized carbon nanotube MI Muktar, KF Chan, AA Aziz, MHM Zaid, M Shuhazlly Jurnal Tribologi 42, 85-102 , 2024 2024 Citations: 2
Effect of anodizing voltage on surface and physical properties of CNTs incorporated aluminium oxide films AA Aziz, MS Mamat, MMA Kechik, KF Chan, MI Muktar, NAM Tahir, ... J. Tribol 41, 144-161 , 2024 2024 Citations: 3
Simultaneously improved surface hardness and thermal diffusivity of carbon nanotube/zinc silicate composites via colloidal processing KF Chan, MHM Zaid, MS Mamat, M Tanemura, H Miyazaki, S Liza, ... Materials Chemistry and Physics 309, 128357 , 2023 2023 Citations: 1
Experimental investigation on thermal properties of carbon nanotubes/zinc silicate composites prepared by powder processing KF Chan, MHM Zaid, MS Mamat, M Tanemura, S Liza, H Miyazaki, ... Diamond and Related Materials 134, 109772 , 2023 2023 Citations: 3
Study of structural and electrical behavior of silicon-carbon nanocomposites via in situ transmission electron microscopy Y Yaakob, LW Ming, MS Rosmi, MZM Yusop, S Sharma, CK Fei, T Asaka, ... Materials Today Communications, 104081 , 2022 2022 Citations: 3
Temperature-dependent thermal properties of zinc silicate-carbon nanotubes composites KF Chan, MNM Daud, MZM Yusop, MHM Zaid, MS Mamat, Y Yaakob The 12th International Fundamental Science Congress 2021: "Engaging … , 2022 2022
Fabrication of carbon nanotubes reinforced zinc silicate ceramic composites for enhanced optical and thermal properties Y Yaakob, KF Chan, H Miyazaki, M Tanemura JSAP Annual Meetings Extended Abstracts The 69th JSAP Spring Meeting 2022 … , 2022 2022
Effect of calcium oxide in the zinc-boro-soda-lime-silica glass matrix by using eggshell waste as calcium source NAM Yamin, MHM Zaid, KA Matori, JLY Chyi, SNF Zalamin, NAN Ismail, ... Applied Physics A 128 (1), 93 , 2022 2022 Citations: 14
Upcycling the barbeque grease into carbon nanomaterials KF Chan, AK Ranade, P Desai, MA Hazan, NFI Azman, S Shaharifin, ... Carbon Trends 6, 100143 , 2022 2022 Citations: 3
Multi-walled carbon nanotubes growth by chemical vapour deposition: Effect of precursor flowing path and catalyst size KF Chan, NAM Maznam, MA Hazan, RNA Ahmad, AS Sa'ari, NFI Azman, ... Carbon Trends 6, 100142 , 2022 2022 Citations: 12
Waste nr latex based-precursors as carbon source for cnts eco-fabrications MA Hazan, KF Chan, KA Jofri, MS Mamat, NA Endot, S Liza, I Ismail, ... Polymers 13 (19), 3409 , 2021 2021 Citations: 5
Recent developments in carbon nanotubes-reinforced ceramic matrix composites: A review on dispersion and densification techniques KF Chan, MHM Zaid, MS Mamat, S Liza, M Tanemura, Y Yaakob Crystals 11 (5), 457 , 2021 2021 Citations: 52
MOST CITED SCHOLAR PUBLICATIONS
Recent developments in carbon nanotubes-reinforced ceramic matrix composites: A review on dispersion and densification techniques KF Chan, MHM Zaid, MS Mamat, S Liza, M Tanemura, Y Yaakob Crystals 11 (5), 457 , 2021 2021 Citations: 52
Biodegradable orthopaedic implants: A systematic review of in vitro and in vivo evaluations of magnesium, iron, and zinc alloys ZFM Salaha, NNAA Abdullah, KF Chan, HS Gan, MZM Yusop, ... Results in Engineering 27, 105746 , 2025 2025 Citations: 17
Effect of calcium oxide in the zinc-boro-soda-lime-silica glass matrix by using eggshell waste as calcium source NAM Yamin, MHM Zaid, KA Matori, JLY Chyi, SNF Zalamin, NAN Ismail, ... Applied Physics A 128 (1), 93 , 2022 2022 Citations: 14
Multi-walled carbon nanotubes growth by chemical vapour deposition: Effect of precursor flowing path and catalyst size KF Chan, NAM Maznam, MA Hazan, RNA Ahmad, AS Sa'ari, NFI Azman, ... Carbon Trends 6, 100142 , 2022 2022 Citations: 12
Tuning the Optical Bandgap of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube-Modified Zinc Silicate Glass-Ceramic Composites KF Chan, MHM Zaid, S Liza, MS Mamat, KA Matori, NA Endot, ... Ceramics International , 2021 2021 Citations: 10
Effect of CNT on microstructural properties of Zn2SiO4/CNT composite via dry powder processing KF Chan, MHM Zaid, S Liza, KA Matori, MS Mamat, MA Hazan, Y Yaakob Materials Research Express 7 (10), 105601 , 2020 2020 Citations: 8
Associations Between Knowledge on Optimal Control of Serum Phosphate, Perceived Social Support, Dietary Phosphorus Intake and Phosphate Compliance Among Hemodialysis Patients. M Isa, MD Asyraf, FJW Lai, SY Chong, KF Chan, YM Chan Malaysian Journal of Medicine & Health Sciences 16 (6) , 2020 2020 Citations: 8
Single-step production of N-doped graphene powder from palm kernel shell at 500° C SZM Zafir, XH Lim, J Lee, KF Chan, MHD Othman, MI Abd Samad, ... Diamond and Related Materials 156, 112398 , 2025 2025 Citations: 5
Waste nr latex based-precursors as carbon source for cnts eco-fabrications MA Hazan, KF Chan, KA Jofri, MS Mamat, NA Endot, S Liza, I Ismail, ... Polymers 13 (19), 3409 , 2021 2021 Citations: 5
Powder metallurgy of Zn–Mn/CNF biodegradable composites: role of ball milling and sintering on material performance Y Yng, KF Chan, MI Abd Samad, MH Ramlee, Y Yaakob, M Tanemura, ... Materials Chemistry and Physics 332, 130314 , 2025 2025 Citations: 4
Effect of reaction temperature on the growth of carbon nanotubes from waste natural rubber glove MA Hazan Pertanika Journal of Science and Technology , 2020 2020 Citations: 4
Influence of Mn content on microhardness in Zn-Mn/CNF cubical cast alloys: A 3D topographical study KF Chan, Y Yaakob, M Tanemura, MZM Yusop Journal of Alloys and Compounds 1012, 178486 , 2025 2025 Citations: 3
Effect of anodizing voltage on surface and physical properties of CNTs incorporated aluminium oxide films AA Aziz, MS Mamat, MMA Kechik, KF Chan, MI Muktar, NAM Tahir, ... J. Tribol 41, 144-161 , 2024 2024 Citations: 3
Experimental investigation on thermal properties of carbon nanotubes/zinc silicate composites prepared by powder processing KF Chan, MHM Zaid, MS Mamat, M Tanemura, S Liza, H Miyazaki, ... Diamond and Related Materials 134, 109772 , 2023 2023 Citations: 3
Study of structural and electrical behavior of silicon-carbon nanocomposites via in situ transmission electron microscopy Y Yaakob, LW Ming, MS Rosmi, MZM Yusop, S Sharma, CK Fei, T Asaka, ... Materials Today Communications, 104081 , 2022 2022 Citations: 3
Upcycling the barbeque grease into carbon nanomaterials KF Chan, AK Ranade, P Desai, MA Hazan, NFI Azman, S Shaharifin, ... Carbon Trends 6, 100143 , 2022 2022 Citations: 3
Surface characterization of oxide films formed on aluminium alloy with the incorporation of functionalized carbon nanotube MI Muktar, KF Chan, AA Aziz, MHM Zaid, M Shuhazlly Jurnal Tribologi 42, 85-102 , 2024 2024 Citations: 2
Microstructural refinement and intermetallic strengthening in Zn–Mn alloys KF Chan, A Supee, M Tanemura, M Hidetoshi, MZ Mohd Yusop Journal of Materials Science 61 (2), 1297-1308 , 2026 2026 Citations: 1
Simultaneously improved surface hardness and thermal diffusivity of carbon nanotube/zinc silicate composites via colloidal processing KF Chan, MHM Zaid, MS Mamat, M Tanemura, H Miyazaki, S Liza, ... Materials Chemistry and Physics 309, 128357 , 2023 2023 Citations: 1
Characterisation of low crystallinity CNTs incorporated zinc silicate ceramic composites: Morphology, optical, dielectric and microhardness properties KF Chan, MS Mamat, MHM Zaid, M Tanemura, MZM Yusop, T Maruyama, ... Applied Physics A 132 (3), 236 , 2026 2026