A novel screw-type pyrolysis system for selectively producing value-added chemicals from lignocellulosic biomass H. Soner Altundoğan, M. Şaban Tanyıldızı, Mehmet Kalender, Serhat Elçiçek, Dursun Pehlivan Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery, 2025 In this study, a new unique screw-type (auger) reactor system was developed to selectively obtain valuable chemical-enriched liquid pyrolysis products. The new design has heating segments with increased temperature along the reactor tube and three-staged fractional condensing lines following pyrolysis gas ports at the end of each heating segment. To maximize liquid product yield, the effects of some parameters such as feeding rate, screw rate, and temperature profile were studied by the experiments designed with Response Surface Methodology (RSM). By fixing the maximum temperature at the last heating segment of a tubular reactor to 550 °C, the conditions for maximum liquid product yield were determined as feeder driver frequency of 21 Hz (13.6 rpm), auger driver frequency of 36 Hz (24.3 rpm), and ΔT (temperature difference between consecutive heating segments) of 66 °C. Biomass feeding rate and volumetric fullness ratio of the reactor at these conditions were 42 g min−1 and 0.58 (v/v), respectively. Under these conditions, total liquid, solid, and gas product yields were obtained as 57%, 19%, and 24%, respectively. In addition, analyses of the liquid fractions showed that valuable chemicals could be obtained selectively in a large extent by using the new design.
Anti-inflammatory activities of some Anthemis species used in the treatment of inflammation-related diseases, GC/MS and LC-MS/MS analysis with bioactivity-guided fractionation Aybeniz Yıldırım, Abdulkadir Gül, Nihal Başaran, Ali Şen, Leyla Bitiş, M.Şaban Tanyıldızı South African Journal of Botany, 2024 • Inflammation is the cause of many diseases such as Alzheimer, heart diseases and rheumatism . • Anthemis sp. are used in traditional folk medicine for inflammatory diseases . • Inhibition of lipoxygenase enzymes is important for the prevention of inflammation. • Active molecules derived from plants are precursors for new chemical drugs. • Anthemis sp. carry compounds with drug potential. Recent studies have focused on Anthemis sp. because of their rich chemical composition and application in the treatment of diseases associated with inflammation. The purpose of this study was to determine the active chemicals responsible for the anti-inflammatory properties of Anthemis cotula, A. tomentosa, A. austriaca , and A. tinctoria var. tinctoria . Therefore, the 5-Lipoxygenase (5-LOX) was used to assess the anti-inflammatory properties of methanol extracts that were extracted from the aerial parts of the mentioned species, with an IC 50 value of 23.88 μg/mL, the methanol extract of A. tinctoria var. tinctoria demonstrated anti-inflammatory effects close to the standard (Indomethacin, IC 50 : 18.05 μg/mL). Compared to the other extracts, the methanol extract of A. tinctoria var. tinctoria demonstrated significantly greater anti-inflammatory activity. A. tinctoria var. tinctoria and A. tomentosa methanol extracts, which were the most active in comparison to other extracts, were fractionated using the bioactivity-guided fractionation method. Their anti-inflammatory properties were evaluated to determine the compounds responsible for the activity. With an IC 50 value of 3.44 μg/mL, the ethyl acetate fraction of A. tinctoria var. tinctoria (ATiEA) was found to be the most active of all the fractions. After ATiEA was further fractionated using column chromatography, it was found that ATiEA-II, one of its sub-fractions, was more effective than other sub-fractions against the 5-LOX, with an IC 50 value of 2.93 μg/mL. Furthermore, the sub-fractions' total phenol and flavonoid contents were examined to confirm their anti-inflammatory properties. The sub-fraction ATiEA-II exhibited higher total flavonoid content (743,86 μg QE/g dry weight) and total phenol content (4659.36 μg GA/g dry weight) than other sub-fractions, which was in line with its anti-inflammatory activity. GC/MS and LC-MS/MS were used to clarify the effective compounds of the sub-fraction ATiEA-II. Experiments on the anti-inflammatory properties of different Anthemis sp. have demonstrated the good anti-inflammatory potential of this species. Specifically, ATiEA-II, a sub-fraction of A. tinctoria var. tinctoria , may contain a novel anti-inflammatory drug molecule.
