Spatiotemporal quantification of gingival crevicular fluid NLRP3 expression during non-surgical endodontic management of pulp necrosis with symptomatic apical periodontitis: A prospective case-control analysis Karina Singal, Dax Abraham, Monika Tandan, Anjana Goyal, Ruchi Pandey, Rajeev Kumar Malhotra Journal of Oral Biology and Craniofacial Research, 2026 Objective: To evaluate gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) levels in pulp necrosis (PN) with symptomatic apical periodontitis (SAP) before and after non-surgical endodontic therapy (NSET) and compare them with periodontally healthy controls. Methods: GCF samples were collected from healthy controls (n = 30) and patients with PN and SAP (n = 30) at baseline and one-week following standardized two-visit NSET. Sampling was performed at three sites per patient: the involved tooth, contralateral and adjacent teeth. NLRP3 concentrations were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Data distribution and variance assumptions were verified using Anderson-Darling and Levene's tests. Between-group and between-site differences were evaluated using unpaired t-tests and analysis of covariance, with longitudinal and clustered observations modelled using linear mixed-effects analysis. Diagnostic performance was examined using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Results: Baseline NLRP3 concentrations were significantly higher at involved sites than in controls (adjusted mean difference 3.97 ng/mL; 95% CI 3.82-4.12; p < 0.05), and were also elevated at adjacent sites (1.11 ng/mL; 95% CI 0.98-1.24; p < 0.05). One week after NSET, a significant reduction was observed at involved sites (0.32 ng/mL; 95% CI 0.17-0.47; p < 0.05). Significant differences were detected across the three sampled locations (adjusted mean differences 2.93, 4.01, and 1.08 ng/mL). ROC analysis indicated excellent discriminatory ability (AUC = 1.0), with an optimal baseline threshold >2 ng/mL. Conclusions: Within the limitations of this exploratory clinical study, GCF NLRP3 levels were elevated in PN with SAP and decreased following NSET, supporting its potential role as a candidate inflammatory biomarker.
Surgical Management of Bilateral Denture-Induced Inflammatory Fibrous Hyperplasia Using Scalpel Excision with Adjunctive 940-nm Diode Laser: A Case Report Dr Amol Ranjan, Dr Ruchi Pandey, Dr Anchal Varshney, Dr Anju Rana International Journal of Drug Delivery Technology, 2026 Rationale: Denture-induced inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia (IFH), clinically referred to as epulis fissuratum, is a reactive soft tissue lesion caused by chronic mechanical irritation from ill-fitting or overextended dental prostheses. Bilateral presentation is uncommon and reflects prolonged, symmetrical trauma. Surgical excision with elimination of the etiological factor remains the treatment of choice. Patient Concerns: A 55-year-old female denture wearer presented with progressively enlarging, painless soft tissue overgrowths in the maxillary anterior vestibular region for three months, associated with discomfort during mastication and speech. Diagnosis: Clinical examination revealed bilateral, sessile, firm fibrous masses in the maxillary labial vestibule corresponding to the denture flange. Based on clinical findings, a provisional diagnosis of denture-induced inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia was made and later confirmed by histopathological evaluation. Interventions: The lesions were surgically excised under local anesthesia using a scalpel for precise removal and preservation of tissue architecture. A 940-nm diode laser was used adjunctively to achieve hemostasis. Histopathological analysis demonstrated parakeratinised stratified squamous epithelium overlying a fibrocellular connective tissue stroma with chronic inflammatory infiltrate. The ill-fitting denture was discontinued, and prosthetic rehabilitation was planned following healing. Outcomes: Postoperative healing was uneventful, with satisfactory soft tissue resolution and no evidence of recurrence during the follow-up period. Lessons: This case highlights the importance of early diagnosis and correction of prosthetic etiological factors in dentureinduced reactive lesions. A combined scalpel and diode laser approach offers precise excision, superior hemostasis, and favorable healing outcomes, particularly in extensive bilateral IFH
Association of TGF-β1 with periodontitis patients in north Indian population Ruchi Pandey, Sumit Bhateja, Lipika Gopal, Ankita Chhabrani, Anju Rana, Puneet Batra Journal of Oral Biology and Craniofacial Research, 2025 Introduction: Periodontitis is a complex disease caused by environmental and genetic factors. The course of periodontal destruction is influenced by local, ecological, and, predominantly, by genetic factors. Therefore, early detection of the disease through genomics and its course of destruction can be altered through genetic engineering, which can be a major breakthrough in the eradication of periodontitis. Aim: The purpose of this study is to find the genetic association of TGF-β1 gene polymorphisms in causing periodontitis in the North Indian population. Materials and methods: A total of 364 subjects were selected in the present study, and they were divided into two groups, viz. Healthy (Group A) and Periodontitis (Group B), with 182 subjects in each. The detailed case history was recorded, buccal swab samples were collected and stored in the sterile medium at 4 °C. Correlation studies on gene polymorphism with the disease occurrence were carried out by estimating allele frequency, Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE), and chi-square test (GenAlex package), and linkage disequilibrium and haplotype analysis (SHEsis). Result: The gene TGF-β1 showed a high rate of polymorphism in the north Indian population. The TGF-β1 gene showed polymorphism in the studied SNP sites. Among them, -29C/T and -788 C/T could differentiate the healthy and generalized periodontitis group; however, the localized periodontitis group could not be differentiated with any of the SNP loci. Conclusion: The gene TGF-β1 showed association with periodontitis in the North Indian Population.
Impact of Hyaluronic Acid Around Dental Implants: A Systematic Review Shruti Ananya, Pooja Palwankar, Ruchi Pandey Journal of International Society of Preventive and Community Dentistry, 2025 A bstract Aim: Hyaluronic acid (HA), a naturally occurring glycosaminoglycan, has gained attention in dental implantology due to its bioactive, anti-inflammatory, and wound-healing properties. This systematic review evaluates the current evidence regarding the application and efficacy of HA around dental implants, focusing on its impact on peri-implant tissue health, osseointegration, and prevention of peri-implant diseases. Materials and Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, and Web of Science databases for studies published from 2016 to 2024. Inclusion criteria: Encompassed human studies, animal studies, and in vitro studies. The Cochrane risk of bias 2 tool and the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale were used to assess the risk of bias. A total of 12 studies met the inclusion criteria. Results: It is demonstrated that HA application positively influences soft tissue healing, reduces inflammation, and may support early osseointegration. Despite promising findings, heterogeneity in HA formulations, application protocols, and follow-up durations limits the ability to draw definitive conclusions. Further long-term, standardized clinical trials are needed to validate its routine use in implant dentistry. Conclusion: This review highlights HA’s potential as a valuable adjunct in implant therapy, especially for enhancing peri-implant tissue health and managing early peri-implant disease.
Evaluation of Soluble Neuropilin-1 Levels in Patients with Periodontitis: A Case–Control Study Anjana Goyal, Luchun T Pamei, Ruchi Pandey, Pooja Palwankar Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice, 2025 Aim: To evaluate salivary soluble neuropilin-1 (sNRP-1) levels in patients with stage I-II periodontitis and periodontally healthy patients at baseline and 3 months.Materials and methods: A total of 48 subjects were recruited for the study, including 24 individuals diagnosed with stage I-II periodontitis (characterized by clinical attachment loss (CAL) of 1-4 mm and probing depth 5 mm) and 24 periodontally healthy individuals.Group A, comprising systemically healthy individuals with periodontitis, received scaling and root planing (SRP), whereas group B, consisting of systemically and periodontally healthy controls, underwent scaling at baseline.Oral hygiene instructions were reinforced for both groups during follow-up visits at 1 and 3 months.Clinical parameters were measured at baseline, first, and third months: Plaque index (PI), modified gingival index (MGI), sulcus bleeding index (SBI), probing pocket depth (PPD), and CAL.Saliva was collected at baseline and the end of the third month for evaluating the salivary sNRP-1 levels using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Data were collected and analyzed.An independent t-test was used to compare the mean values between the two groups, while the Chi-square test was employed to assess differences in the distribution of categorical variables.Results: On intergroup comparison of PI, SBI, and MGI do not show significant differences, whereas PPD and CAL show significant differences.The mean score for sNRP-1 levels (pg/mL) at baseline for group A and B were 1182.35 103.3 and 421.84 230.8, and at the end of the study period were 316.13 212.51 and 214.86 101.36, respectively.In comparison to intragroup changes, sNRP1 levels were significantly higher in the diseased group than in the healthy group (p < 0.05). Conclusion:Within the limits of the study, salivary sNRP-1 levels showed significant intragroup changes in both groups; however, intergroup comparison revealed a more pronounced reduction in biomarker levels in the periodontitis group compared to the healthy group.Clinical significance of the study: Evaluating salivary biomarkers such as sNRP-1 provides a non-invasive, early diagnostic tool for detecting periodontal disease activity.Comparing levels in periodontitis patients and healthy individuals helps to identify potential markers of disease severity and progression.This can improve early detection, enable timely interventions, and support personalized periodontal therapy, which can prevent further destruction of the periodontal structures, causing loss of teeth.
Comparative Evaluation of one Stage Full Mouth Versus Quadrant-Wise Therapy in the Management of Chronic Periodontitis: A Prospective Study Journal of International Dental and Medical Research, 2025
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF TRIAMCINOLONE ACETONIDE (0.1%), AMLEXANOX (5%) AND CLOBETASOL PROPIONATE (0.05%) IN TREATING ORAL LICHEN PLANUS Richa Goel, Neelam Makwana, Kalpesh Vaishnav Bulletin of Stomatology and Maxillofacial Surgery, 2025 Background: Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a potentially malignant mucocutaneous condition. The present research done was to evaluate the efficiency of 0.1% triamcinolone acetonide, 0.05% clobetasol propionate, and 5% amlexanox in treating OLP. Methods: Three equal groups of sixty participants with OLP were treated with topical medications: 5% amlexanox (Group III), 0.1% triamcinolone acetonide (Group II), and 0.05% clobetasol propionate (Group I). The visual analogue scale (VAS) was used to evaluate the patients' level of pain. On Days 1, 7, and 15 of the trial, their erosive area and ulcerative lesion type were also assessed. Results: In every investigated group, the VAS pain scale score decreased statistically significantly between Day 1 and Day 15. In comparison to the other two groups, Group B's pain score was lower. Additionally, on the fifteenth day, the erosive region on the left and right buccal mucosaon decreased with all three of the studied medications. In comparison to 0.05% Clobetasol Propionate and 5% Amlexanox, triamcinolone acetonide (0.1%) was efficient in improving the erosive lesions on the buccal mucosa on the right and left sides. Of the three groups, Group II had the highest healing ratio (37 cases), Group I had the second-highest (32 cases), and Group III had the lowest (30 cases). Conclusion: All medicines utilised in this trial –triamcinolone acetonide, clobetasolpropionate andamlexanox–were beneficial in managing OLP patients; consequently, it can be considered as substitute.
Salivary Trefoil Factor (TFF3) in Stage I-II Periodontitis: A Prospective Clinical Study Pooja Palwankar, Ritika Verma, Ruchi Pandey, Anjana Goyal European Journal of General Dentistry, 2023 Objective This article evaluates the salivary trefoil factor levels using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and clinical parameters in stage I to II periodontitis subjects. Materials and Method A total of 44 subjects with periodontitis and healthy periodontium were enrolled for the study as per the inclusion criteria. The subjects were selected and categorized as group A (control group) and group B (test group). Scaling was performed on healthy subjects at baseline and 1 month if necessary and scaling and root planing was performed for periodontitis subjects. Trefoil factor 3 (TFF3) levels was analyzed at first and post-nonsurgical periodontal therapy followed by clinical parameters, respectively. Statistical Analysis Inferential statistics were performed using independent t-test and repeated measures of analysis of variance (ANOVA) test. Independent t-test was used for the intergroup comparison of all the variables. Repeated measures of ANOVA test along with post hoc Bonferroni test was used for the intragroup comparison and the level of statistical significance was set at 0.001. Results Difference in TFF3 levels and clinical parameters was seen between groups A and B, which was statistically significant. Conclusion Within the constraints of the study, it can be stated that TFF3 is a relevant biomarker to determine the activity and association of periodontal and systemic diseases, gastrointestinal disorders, and inflammatory bowel diseases.
IgA Levels among Type 2 Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Patients with Periodontitis: A Prospective Clinical Study Pooja Palwankar, Saumya Jain, Ruchi Pandey, Shakila Mahesh European Journal of Dentistry, 2023 Objectives To estimate gingival crevicular immunoglobulin A(IgA) using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) among type II diabetic patients with periodontitis. Materials and Methods A non-randomized study was done of 40 periodontitis subjects with a mean age of 50 years and were recruited into two groups, Group A (Type II controlled diabetics with HbA1c < 7%) and Group B (non-diabetics with HbA1c between 4 and 6%). Both the groups underwent nonsurgical periodontal therapy (NSPT). The clinical parameters were recorded at baseline, 1, and 3 months. GCF sample was collected for the estimation of crevicular IgA at baseline and at 3 months. Statistical Analysis Results were analyzed using parametric tests paired t-test and Student's t-test for every assessment point. The level of significance was set at p < 0.05. Results Difference in IgA levels and clinical parameters was seen between diabetic and non-diabetic groups, which was statistically significant. Conclusion Changes in crevicular IgA levels in patients with diabetic periodontitis can be used as a novel biomarker in assessing the inflammatory status.
Comparative estimation of C-terminal cross-linked telopeptide of type I collagen levels in gingival crevicular fluid in diabetic and nondiabetic patients with chronic periodontitis: A prospective clinical study Anushree Ningombam, Nipun Dhalla, Pooja Palwankar, Anjana Goyal, Ruchi Pandey Journal of International Oral Health, 2023 Aim: To estimate C-terminal cross-linked telopeptide (CTx) levels in GCF, using ELISA in diabetic and nondiabetic patients with chronic periodontitis. Materials and Methods: A total of 42 patients were recruited: 21 type II diabetic patients with chronic periodontitis (group A) and 21 nondiabetic patients with chronic periodontitis (group B). Scaling and root planing (SRP) were done in groups, followed by collection of GCF samples and recording of clinical variables. Measurements for clinical indicators of periodontal health were taken on 0 day (baseline), first and after third month. The Ctx level of GCF was taken at baseline and after 3 months using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). GPower software (version 3.0) was used. Paired t tests and Student's t tests as well as parametric tests were used to analyze the results. The threshold for significance was fixed at P < 0.05. Result: Following SRP, there was a significant reduction in Ctx levelsand an improvement in clinical parameters in both groups. There is a negative correlation uniting CTx quantity with an improvement in periodontal conditions in both diabetic and nondiabetic patients. Conclusion: CTx levels in both diabetic and nondiabetic candidates with chronic periodontitis infection were reduced after nonsurgical periodontal therapy.
