Shearless barriers in the conservative Ikeda map Rodrigo Simile Baroni, Ricardo Egydio de Carvalho, José Danilo Szezech Junior, Iberê Luiz Caldas Physical Review E, 2025 We investigate the dynamics of the Ikeda map in the conservative limit, where it is represented as a two-dimensional area-preserving map governed by two control parameters, θ and ϕ. We demonstrate that the map can be interpreted as a composition of a rotation and a translation of the state vector. In the integrable case (ϕ=0), the map reduces to a uniform rotation by angle θ about a fixed point, independent of initial conditions. For ϕ≠0, the system becomes nonintegrable, and the rotation angle acquires a coordinate dependence. The resulting rotation number profile exhibits extrema as a function of position, indicating the formation of shearless barriers. We analyze the emergence, persistence, and breakup of these barriers as the control parameters vary.
Transport barriers and directed transport in the rational standard nontwist map Rodrigo Simile Baroni, Ricardo Egydio de Carvalho, José Danilo Szezech Junior, Iberê Luiz Caldas Physical Review E, 2025 We explore the dynamics and transport properties of the rational standard nontwist map (RSNM), which works as an extension of the standard nontwist map (SNM). In addition to the usual parameters of the SNM that govern the twist function profile and the intensity of the nonlinear perturbation, we introduce a new perturbation parameter μ in the RSNM, which makes it possible to break the symmetry of the system. The symmetry breaking leads to directed transport, known as the ratchet effect, where chaotic orbits exhibit a preferential direction of motion. We analyze the impact of μ on both the phase space and the parameter space structure, focusing on the destruction of transport barriers, which acts as separators between chaotic regions. Through numerical simulations and analysis of the fixed points stability, we demonstrate that an increase in μ enhances the chaotic volume in the lower half of the phase space, resulting in the destruction of invariant spanning curves, while simultaneously regularizing the upper half. Additionally, we explore the conditions under which partial transport barriers persist and their role in moderating transport across the phase space. We show that even small variations in a control parameter causes crossings of invariant manifolds from different regions of the phase space, enhancing transport with the mechanism of turnstiles and intercrossing. Our analysis of directed transport reveals that the breaking of symmetry by μ results in either positive or negative net transport in the phase space, depending on the control parameters. We also note that RSNM creates new regions within the parameter space, referred to as holes, due to the emergence of transport within previously null transport regions.
Global dynamics and asymmetric fractal dimension in a nontwist circle map R. Simile Baroni, R. Egydio de Carvalho, Carlos E. P. Abreu, R. O. Medrano-T Chaos, 2025 We consider the standard nontwist map with strong dissipation that leads the system to a 1D circular map with a quadratic sinusoidal oscillation and two control parameters. The 2D Lyapunov and isoperiodic diagrams reveal a complex interplay between domains of periodicity embedded in regions dominated by quasiperiodic and chaotic behaviors. Arnold tongues and shrimp-like, among other sets of periodicities, compose this rich dynamical scenario in the parameter space. Cobwebs and bifurcation diagrams help reveal the behavior of attractors, including multistability, period-doubling, pitchfork bifurcations, as well as boundary, merging, and interior crises that influence the structures of periodicity. Furthermore, we bring to light the global organization of shrimp-like structures by carrying out a new concept of orbits, the extreme orbits, and announce that the fractal dimension, believed to be universal in the parameter space for decades, has its symmetry breaking in the vicinity of shrimp-like cascades.
Shearless and periodic attractors in the dissipative Labyrinthic map L. F. B. Souza, R. Egydio de Carvalho, R. L. Viana, I. L. Caldas Chaos, 2024 The Labyrinthic map is a two-dimensional area-preserving map that features a robust transport barrier known as the shearless curve. In this study, we explore a dissipative version of this map, examining how dissipation affects the shearless curve and leads to the emergence of quasi-periodic or chaotic attractors, referred to as shearless attractors. We present a route to chaos of the shearless attractor known as the Curry–Yorke route. To investigate the multi-stability of the system, we employ basin entropy and boundary basin entropy analyses to characterize diverse scenarios. Additionally, we numerically investigate the dynamic periodic structures known as “shrimps” and “Arnold tongues” by varying the parameters of the system.
Lagrangian descriptors: The shearless curve and the shearless attractor R. Simile Baroni, R. Egydio de Carvalho Physical Review E, 2024 Hamiltonian systems with a nonmonotonic frequency profile are called nontwist. One of the key properties of such systems, depending on adjustable parameters, is the presence of a robust transport barrier in the phase space called the shearless curve, which becomes the equally robust shearless attractor when dissipation is introduced. We consider the standard nontwist map with and without dissipation. We derive analytical expressions for the Lagrangian descriptor (LD) for the unperturbed map and show how they are related to the rotation number profile. We show how the LDs can reconstruct finite segments of the invariant manifolds for the perturbed map. In the conservative case, we demonstrate how the LDs distinguish the chaotic seas from regular structures. The LDs also provide a remarkable tool to identify when the shearless curve is destroyed: we present a fractal boundary, in the parameter space, for the existence or not of the shearless torus. In the dissipative case, we show how the LDs can be used to localize point attractors and the shearless attractor and distinguish their basins of attraction.
Lagrangian descriptor and escape time as tools to investigate the dynamics of laser-driven polar molecules M. D. Forlevesi, R. Egydio de Carvalho, Emanuel F. de Lima Physical Review E, 2023 We consider the nonlinear dynamics of a diatomic polar molecule under a linearly polarized laser field. We assume a model in which the molecule dipole is coupled with a time-dependent electric field. This system presents a bound energy region where the atoms are bound, and a free-energy region where the atoms are dissociated. Due to the nonalignment between the dipole axis and the laser direction, and the time dependence of the external field, this system presents two and a half degrees of freedom, namely the vibrational degree, the rotation degree, and the time. To investigate the system dynamics, instead of using the Poincaré surface-of-section technique, we propose the use of the Lagrangian descriptor associated with the escape times. The Lagrangian descriptor is a quantity that reveals complex structures in the phase space, whereas the escape times are the time span in which a trajectory is initially in the bound region before escaping to the unbound region. The combination of these two quantities allows us to distinguish between real stability regions from other complex structures, including stickiness regions, and a different formation, which we call escape islands. With the help of these tools, we find that for high-field amplitudes the inclusion of rotation leads to an increase of the stability regions, which implies a decrease of the dissociation in comparison with the one-dimensional case.
Robust tori-like Lagrangian coherent structures Luis C. de Oliveira, Caroline G.L. Martins, M. Roberto, I.L. Caldas, R. Egydio de Carvalho Physica A Statistical Mechanics and Its Applications, 2012
Tunneling among rotation tori R. Egydio de Carvalho, G.M. Favaro Physica A Statistical Mechanics and Its Applications, 2009
Dissipation as a mechanism of energy gain R. Egydio de Carvalho, C. Vieira Abud, F. Caetano Souza Physical Review E Statistical Nonlinear and Soft Matter Physics, 2008
Fermi acceleration on the annular billiard R. Egydio de Carvalho, F. Caetano Souza, Edson D. Leonel Physical Review E Statistical Nonlinear and Soft Matter Physics, 2006