In-Silico prediction and characterization of Elephant endotheliotropic herpesvirus proteins for development of immunodiagnostics Kirtika Sharma, K. G. Sai Balaji, Karikalan Mathesh, Pracheta Janmeda, Gaurav Kumar Sharma Environment Conservation Journal, 2026 Elephant Endotheliotropic Herpesvirus (EEHV) is a major cause of fatal hemorrhagic disease in juvenile elephants, highlighting the urgent need for reliable serological diagnostic tools for early detection and epidemiological surveillance. Effective EEHV immunodiagnostics require a conserved, stable, and immune reactive antigen capable of consistent antibody detection across viral strains. As EEHV is a non-cultivable virus encoding approximately 115 structural and non-structural proteins, careful selection of suitable diagnostic targets is essential. In the present study, an in silico approach was employed to evaluate the diagnostic potential of selected EEHV proteins. The study moves beyond descriptive in-silico characterization by integrating antigenicity, physicochemical stability, glycosylation profiling, and rational truncation to identify recombinant antigens with direct applicability in EEHV immunodiagnostic platforms. The full-length DNA polymerase (1047 aa), glycoprotein B (gB; 847 aa), and glycoprotein L (gL; 304 aa) were analyzed for sequence conservation, physicochemical properties, antigenicity, and glycosylation patterns. Multiple sequence alignment revealed a high degree of conservation among EEHV1A strains, with approximately 99% sequence identity across all three genes, underscoring their evolutionary stability and functional importance. Glycosylation prediction identified minimal post-translational modification potential within the N-terminal regions, enabling rational truncation. Based on these analyses, truncated fragments of DNA polymerase (95 aa), gB (387 aa), and gL (164 aa) were selected for recombinant antigen development. The selected fragments exhibited favorable physicochemical properties, including stability, hydrophilicity, positive net charge, and high antigenicity scores (0.5209, 0.5271, and 0.2572, respectively). These findings support the suitability of truncated EEHV proteins, particularly DNA polymerase, as recombinant antigens for competitive ELISA development and provide a rational framework for EEHV serological assay design.
From food additive to health hazard? A review of azodicarbonamide, potassium bromate, and monosodium glutamate with in-silico toxicity analysis Divya Kumari, Pracheta Janmeda, Devendra Singh Food Chemistry Advances, 2026 • Physicochemical properties and application of ADC, KBrO 3 , and MSG are highlighted. • Mutagenic and carcinogenic properties, mechanism of toxicities are examined. • In-silico analysis to predict toxicological profiles of the additives is incorporated. • The adverse effects on human health and environment are elaborated. Food additives are widely used in food processing to enhance flavor, appearance, and texture. While these substances improve sensory appeal and commercial viability, concerns over their safety have grown due to potential misuse, and toxicity risks. This review provides a comprehensive classification of food additives based on their functions and regulatory considerations, covering colorants, preservatives, antioxidants, sweeteners, emulsifiers, stabilizers, thickeners, and gelling agents. Special attention is given to three controversial additives namely, azodicarbonamide, potassium bromate, and monosodium glutamate due to their various toxic effects. Their potential health risks including carcinogenicity, respiratory issues, and neurotoxicity are critically examined. Along with modern analytical techniques for detecting and quantifying food additives, the study also employs ProTox 3.0 software for in-silico toxicity prediction. By bridging the gap between academia and industry, this review aims to foster a deeper understanding of food additive safety, promote evidence-based regulatory decisions, and encourage the development of safer alternatives.
Psychedelic and Medicinal Mushrooms: Potent Source of Active Metabolites and Medicines Priya Chaudhary, Pracheta Janmeda Current Bioactive Compounds, 2026 Background: Mushrooms, usually used for their nutritional and culinary properties, have recently gained attention for their medicinal effects, so that they are not only used as dietary foods but also as mycotherapeutics, nutraceuticals, and food supplements. Objective: The aim of this study is therefore to educate readers about various mushrooms with medicinal benefits. Methodology: A large number of English-language publications from different databases were analysed for this purpose. Results: Medicinal mushrooms have been attributed various biological properties, e.g. prebiotic, antihyperlipidaemic, anti-allergic, antioxidant, anticancer, hepatoprotective, antioxidant, cytotoxic, antidiabetic, immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial. These properties are due to the presence of various bioactive compounds presentin the mycelium and fruiting bodies. The biological effects of these bioactive compounds vary according to their chemical nature, and their distribution varies according to the type of mushroom. Psilocybin-containing mushrooms have been consumed in different parts of the world for thousands of years. Originally they were used for ethnomycological purposes, but more recent evidence points to the pharmacological value of these mushrooms for the treatment of disorders related to oxidative stress. Conclusion: This review aims to discuss the prevalence and most studied bioactive compounds of psychedelic and medicinal mushrooms.
Tobacco-specific nitrosamine ‘4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK)’: toxicological mechanisms, carcinogenicity, and chemopreventive approaches Divya Kumari, Pracheta Janmeda, Devendra Singh Toxicology Mechanisms and Methods, 2026 cytochrome P450-mediated hydroxylation of carbon atoms adjacent to the nitrosamino group, generating reactive methylating and pyridyloxobutylating intermediates. NNK can be metabolically reduced to NNAL, which retains carcinogenic potential and undergoes similar activation. Like NNK, NNAL also requires the metabolic activation to DNA alkylating agents. When NNAL is methyl hydroxylated, pyridinyl-hydroxy-butyl DNA adducts are formed, and methylene hydroxylation results in DNA methyl adducts. NNK's metabolic complexity leads to a variety of DNA lesions, increasing its overall carcinogenic potency. From this angle, the chemistry and genotoxic properties of many DNA adduct generated from NNK are discussed. Adducts that contribute to the genotoxic effects of NNK include the gene targeted for mutation, amounts, and genetic variants of critical repair enzymes. NNK, present in modern smokeless tobacco products, plays a central role in cancer risk among users. The mechanisms by which NNK induces cancer in humans are discussed in this paper, along with the factors influencing NNK development at various phases of tobacco manufacturing.
Comparative Study on Quantitative Analysis and In Vitro Antioxidant Potential of Leaf and Stem of Salvadora oleoides (Decne.) and Optimization of Flavonoids Using RSM Nidhi Varshney, Devendra Singh, Pracheta Janmeda Biotechnology and Applied Biochemistry, 2026 This study quantitatively estimated bioactive compounds in leaves and stem of Salvadora oleoides ( S. oleoides ) and evaluated in vitro antioxidant activity of aqueous and organic extracts (petroleum ether, benzene, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and ethanol) using 1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), MC, FRAP, RP, and TAC methods. The response surface methodology (RSM) was also used to optimize extractive value and total flavonoid contents. Aqueous leaf extract contained the highest saponin (13.36 ± 0.19 mg/g), whereas ethanolic leaf extract had the highest flavonoid (12.61 ± 1.03 mg/g) with strongest antioxidant effects (DPPH IC 50 0.39 ± 0.02 µg/mL; MC IC 50 0.27 ± 0.01 µg/mL; RP 1.25 ± 0.04 mg/g; TAC 1.16 ± 0.01 mg/g). Ethyl acetate extract of stem showed pronounced DPPH (IC 50 0.41 ± 0.02 µg/mL), MC (IC 50 0.15 ± 0.02 µg/mL), and RP (1.05 ± 0.01 mg/g), whereas ethanolic extract showed highest FRAP (1.13 ± 0.01 mg/g), yielding the highest TAC (1.13 ± 0.58 mg/g) for chloroform extract. One‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed highly significant relationships among antioxidant measures ( p < 0.0001), and RSM optimization identified the conditions that maximize extractive yield and flavonoid contents. These findings indicate that the leaves and stem of S. oleoides are rich sources of flavonoids and saponins with strong antioxidant potential, supporting their use in herbal formulations and nutraceutical development.
Isolation, Development and Validation of Chromatographic Methods for the Estimation of Linoleic Acid from Different Parts of Euphorbia neriifolia Linn. Priya Chaudhary, Devendra Singh, Mukesh Meena, Pracheta Janmeda Current Analytical Chemistry, 2026 Objectives: This is the first report on the development and validation of thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC)-densitometric methods for the identification of linoleic acid (LA) in petroleum ether extract (PEE) of Euphorbia neriifolia (EN) stem (ST), latex (LX), and bark (BA). Methodology: Chromatographic analyses were performed on silica gel-G and silica gel 60 F254 plates and the antioxidant activities of isolated compounds were investigated by 2,2-diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) spectrophotometric assay. Results: The chromatographic analyses revealed better spots and well-separated peaks of LA with retention factor (Rf) values at 0.54 (ST), 0.40 (LX), and 0.64 (BA), respectively. The linearity of the calibration curve ranges from 10-50 ng/spot (ST), 10-100 ng/spot (LX), and 50-200 ng/spot (BA). The proposed method was characterized by better accuracy, better robustness, and good precision, ranging from 0.173 to 0.372% (intra-day) and 0.185 to 0.205% (inter-day). The value of the limit of detection and quantification equal to 1.04 and 3.16 ng/spot in ST, 0.87 and 2.64 ng/spot in LX, and 0.177 and 0.53 ng/spot in BA determined the sensitivity of the method. In the obtained chromatogram, no peak was observed other than the LA which determined the specificity of the method. The % RSD of < 2% after periods of 12, 24, 36, 48, and 72 h determined the stability of standard LA. Conclusion: Thus, the fingerprinting method is valuable in determining the adulterants and in routine quality control of formulations and herbal drugs.
Introduction to Cancer Metabolism Gomathi Mohan, Mukesh Meena, Manzer H. Siddiqui, Gaurav Raturi, Pracheta Janmeda, Priya Chaudhary Cancer Treatment and Research, 2026
Genetic Engineering and Designed Promising Preservative in Food Products Nonthermal Food Processing Safety and Preservation, 2024
Microbially Synthesized Food: A Novel Way to High-Quality Food Products in an Environment-Friendly Manner Nonthermal Food Processing Safety and Preservation, 2024
The Extraction of Valuable Phenolic Compounds from Food By-Products Using Neoteric Solvents Nonthermal Food Processing Safety and Preservation, 2024
Genome editing in some cereal crops Genome Editing for Crop Improvement, 2023
CRISPR-Cas9-based genome editing for disease resistant plants Genome Editing for Crop Improvement, 2023
Biosynthesis of Secondary Metabolites Based on the Regulation of MicroRNAs Rajib Hossain, Cristina Quispe, Abu Saim Mohammad Saikat, Divya Jain, Arslan Habib, Pracheta Janmeda, Muhammad Torequl Islam, Radha, Sevgi Durna Daştan, Manoj Kumar, Monica Butnariu, William C. Cho, Javad Sharifi-Rad, Aliya Kipchakbayeva, Daniela Calina Biomed Research International, 2022
Enhanced production of extracellular lipase by ethyl methane sulfonate from soil fungal strain in submerged and solid-state fermentation condition Research Journal of Biotechnology, 2021
Antineoplastic activity of green tea Antioxidant Properties and Health Benefits of Green Tea, 2021
Ethnomedicinal Use, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacology of Xylocarpus granatum J. Koenig Dipta Dey, Cristina Quispe, Rajib Hossain, Divya Jain, Rasel Ahmed Khan, Pracheta Janmeda, Muhammad Torequl Islam, Hafiz Ansar Rasul Suleria, Miquel Martorell, Sevgi Durna Daştan, Manoj Kumar, Yasaman Taheri, Anka Trajkovska Petkoska, Javad Sharifi-Rad Evidence Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2021
Roles of Therapeutic Bioactive Compounds in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Divya Jain, Yogesh Murti, Wasi Ullah Khan, Rajib Hossain, Mohammad Nabil Hossain, Krishn Kumar Agrawal, Rana Azeem Ashraf, Muhammad Torequl Islam, Pracheta Janmeda, Yasaman Taheri, Mohammed M. Alshehri, Sevgi Durna Daştan, Balakyz Yeskaliyeva, Aliya Kipchakbayeva, Javad Sharifi-Rad, William C. Cho Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, 2021
Microscopic studies and preliminary pharmacognostical evaluation of Euphorbia neriifolia L. leaves Indian Journal of Natural Products and Resources, 2013
Anti-carcinogenic potential of Euphorbia neriifolia leaves and isolated flavonoid against N-Nitrosodiethylamine-induced renal carcinogenesis in mice Indian Journal of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 2013
Chromatography fingerprinting profile studies on the flavonoids of Euphorbia neriifolia (Linn.) leaves International Journal of Drug Development and Research, 2013
Protective effect of Withania somnifera roots extract on hematoserological profiles against lead nitrate-induced toxicity in mice Indian Journal of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 2012
Study of epidemiology of HPV infection in the uterine cervix of women's in Delhi /NCR regions, India International Journal of Drug Development and Research, 2012
Elucidation of free radical scavenging and antioxidant activity of aqueous and hydro-ethanolic extracts of Moringa oleifera pods Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology, 2011
ANTICARCINOGENIC POTENTIAL OF EUPHORBIA NERIIFOLIA LEAVES AGAINST N-NITROSODIETHYLAMINE-INDUCED NEPHROTOXICITY IN MICE Biochemical and Cellular Archives, 2011
Hepatoprotective and antioxidant potential of Moringa oleifera pods against DMBA-induced hepatocarcinogenesis in male mice International Journal of Drug Development and Research, 2011
Lead induced hepatotoxicity in male swiss albino mice: The protective potential of the hydromethanolic extract of withania somnifera International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Review and Research, 2011
In vitro free radical scavenging and antioxidant potential of ethanolic extract of Euphorbia neriifolia Linn International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2011
Withania somnifera: A rejuvenating ayurvedic medicinal herb for the treatment of various human ailments International Journal of Pharmtech Research, 2011
Preliminary phytochemical screening and in vitro antioxidant potentioal of hydro-ethanolic extract of Euphorbia neriifolia linn International Journal of Pharmtech Research, 2011
Anti-nephrotoxic effect of administration of Moringa oleifera Lam in amelioration of DMBA-induced renal carcinogenesis in Swiss albino mice Biology and Medicine, 2011
Chemopreventive effect of hydroethanolic extract of Euphorbia neriifolia leaves against DENA-induced renal carcinogenesis in mice Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, 2011
Chemoprotective activity of hydro-ethanolic extract of Euphorbia neriifolia Linn leaves against DENA-induced liver carcinogenesis in mice Biology and Medicine, 2011
