Data publishing in mechanics and dynamics: challenges, guidelines, and examples from engineering design Henrik Ebel, Jan van Delden, Timo Lüddecke, Aditya Borse, Rutwik Gulakala, Marcus Stoffel, Manish Yadav, Merten Stender, Leon Schindler, Kristin Miriam de Payrebrune, Maximilian Raff, C. David Remy, Benedict Röder, Rohit Raj, Tobias Rentschler, Alexander Tismer, Stefan Riedelbauch, Peter Eberhard Data Centric Engineering, 2025 Data-based methods have gained increasing importance in engineering. Success stories are prevalent in areas such as data-driven modeling, control, and automation, as well as surrogate modeling for accelerated simulation. Beyond engineering, generative and large-language models are increasingly helping with tasks that, previously, were solely associated with creative human processes. Thus, it seems timely to seek artificial-intelligence-support for engineering design tasks to automate, help with, or accelerate purpose-built designs of engineering systems for instance in mechanics and dynamics, where design so far requires a lot of specialized knowledge. Compared with established, predominantly first-principles-based methods, the datasets used for training, validation, and test become an almost inherent part of the overall methodology. Thus, data publishing becomes just as important in (data-driven) engineering science as appropriate descriptions of conventional methodology in publications in the past. However, in mechanics and dynamics, quite widely, still traditional publishing practices are prevalent that largely do not yet take into account the rising role of data as much as that may already be the case in pure data-scientific research. This article analyzes the value and challenges of data publishing in mechanics and dynamics, in particular regarding engineering design tasks, showing that the latter raise also challenges and considerations not typical in fields where data-driven methods have been booming originally. Researchers currently find barely any guidance to overcome these challenges. Thus, ways to deal with these challenges are discussed and a set of examples from across different design problems shows how data publishing can be put into practice.
A novel mesoscale transitional approach for capturing localized effects in laser powder bed fusion simulations Luca Luberto, Darius Luchini, Kristin M. de Payrebrune Powder Technology, 2024 This paper introduces a new mesoscale approach for considering local fluctuations of powder bed characteristics in laser powder bed fusion (PBF-LB/M) simulation, bridging the gap between computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and homogenized mesoscale models. Gusarov and Sih's models for laser heat input and powder bed thermal conductivity were applied to local powder bed elements (PBE) to capture characteristics in the powder bed. Discrete element method (DEM) simulations of the recoating process generated a representative powder bed and determined local porosity values. These values informed local optical thicknesses and thermal conductivities, providing insights into heat transfer in PBF-LB/M. Single-track test simulations showed melt pool sizes matched best with homogenized parameters. The PBE-based approach resulted in smaller melt pools and revealed asymmetries in heat distribution due to varying powder bed characteristics, highlighting the need for accurate powder bed modeling. This mesoscale approach offers an efficient, time-saving alternative to CFD simulations. • A novel mesoscale approach accounts for local fluctuations in PBF-LB/M powder bed. • The recoating process was simulated using DEM to determine local porosity values. • Model for heat source and heat conductivity based on porosity were used locally. • Homogenized values closely matched experimental results. • The local approach showed smaller and asymmetric melt pools.
Investigation of three-body abrasive wear systems with hard particles and liquid as intermediate medium using a customized tribometer Bilz, Raphael, Ochoa Diaz, Angel Iram, de Payrebrune, Kristin Technische Mechanik, 2024 This article discusses dynamic phenomena and the measurement of forces in short-term tests of tribological three-body abrasive wear systems with hard silicon carbide particles. Tribometers enable the measurement of forces, whereby analytical methods are used to determine the forces transmitted in the tribological contact zone on the basis of the forces recorded with a dynamometer that is not directly located in the tribological contact zone. In addition to the theoretical background, this article also deals with a realization of the tribometer, which requires some finely tuned adaptations compared to the ideal tribometer due to tolerances existing in reality. The data basis for the evaluation is a series of experiments with three-body abrasive wear systems with and without liquid, different particle sizes, particle quantities, loads and speeds. In contrast to many other publications, the focus is not only on mean values, but also on the relative spread (i.~e.~the standard deviation per mean value) of occurring forces. In particular, the relative spread shows clear and repeatable trends and thus qualifies as a supporting criterion for the comparison of different force measurements of tribological systems. Furthermore, an alternative to the established procedure of randomized test execution is presented in order to detect (unintentional) temporal changes in the test conditions.
Finite Difference Modeling and Experimental Investigation of Cyclic Thermal Heating in the Fused Filament Fabrication Process Luca Luberto, Volker Böß, Kristin M. de Payrebrune 3D Printing and Additive Manufacturing, 2024 Fused filament fabrication (FFF) is one of the most popular additive manufacturing (AM) processes due to its simplicity and low initial and maintenance costs. However, good printing results such as high dimensionality, avoidance of cooling cracks, and warping are directly related to heat control in the process and require precise settings of printing parameters. Therefore, accurate prediction and understanding of temperature peaks and cooling behavior in a local area and in a larger part are important in FFF, as in other AM processes. To analyze the temperature peaks and cooling behavior, we simulated the heat distribution, including convective heat transfer, in a cuboid sample. The model uses the finite difference method (FDM), which is advantageous for parallel computing on graphics processing units and makes temperature simulations also of larger parts feasible. After the verification process, we validate the simulation with an in situ measurement during FFF printing. We conclude the process simulation with a parameter study in which we vary the function of the heat transfer coefficient and part size. For smaller parts, we found that the print bed temperature is crucial for the temperature gradient. The approximations of the heat transfer process play only a secondary role. For larger components, the opposite effect can be observed. The description of heat transfer plays a decisive role for the heat distribution in the component, whereas the bed temperature determines the temperature distribution only in the immediate vicinity of the bed. The developed FFF process model thus provides a good basis for further investigations and can be easily extended by additional effects or transferred to other AM processes.
Preface to the topical issue on applied and nonlinear dynamics: Part II Jörg Fehr, Kristin de Payrebrune, Robert Seifried Gamm Mitteilungen, 2023 The current special issue of the GAMM Mitteilungen, which is the second of a two-part series, contains several contributions on the topic of Applied and Nonlinear Dynamics. We are very happy that several teams of authors have accepted our invitation to report on recent developments, research highlights and emerging application areas in Applied and Nonlinear Dynamics. This second part of the topical issue on Applied and Nonlinear Dynamics includes five interesting papers. These are devoted to numerical and experimental methods in applied and nonlinear dynamics as well as advanced applications of multibody systems and optimal control methods to dynamical systems. Contribution [3] deals with stationary solutions in applied dynamics. Thereby a unified framework for the numerical calculation and stability assessment of periodic and quasi-periodic solutions based on invariant manifolds is presented. Paper [2] gives an overview of dynamic human body models in vehicle safety, a unique application of multibody dynamics. In paper [1], a family of total Lagrangian Petrov-Galerkin Cosserat rod finite element formulations is presented. Paper [5] discusses continuation methods for lab experiments of nonlinear vibrations. Finally paper [4] deals with the optimal operation of dielectric elastomer wave energy converters under harmonic and stochastic excitation.
Improved modeling and design of soft robots using sensitivity analysis Lamping, Frederik, Schindler, Leon, de Payrebrune, Kristin Technische Mechanik, 2023 The key feature of soft robots is the use of soft materials. On the one hand, the softness is advantageous to fulfill tasks for which adaptability is important. On the other hand, the softness is challenging in modeling and design. We are sure that both modeling and design can benefit from sensitivity analysis. To illustrate this, we present two examples of a pneumatic multi-chamber actuator with load. The first example is based on global sensitivity indices and focuses on finding the model parameters of the actuator with the most influence. With this information, the model as well as the design of the actuator can be improved in an iterative process. The second example is based on Monte Carlo filtering and focuses on evaluating the influence of an eccentric external load on the actuator tip position, and the interaction of the parameters characterising the eccentricity position. In this case, the sensitivity analysis improves the general understanding of how external loads influence an actuator.
A Novel and Practicable Approach for Determining the Beam Parameters of Soft Pneumatic Multi-Chamber Bending Actuators Frederik Lamping, Kristin M. de Payrebrune Applied Sciences Switzerland, 2023 The design of many pneumatic soft actuators is based on multiple chambers in parallel alignment. The Cosserat beam theory is an established technique for modeling this kind of actuator, where existing approaches mainly differ in the parameters being required for simulation. The modeling approach presented in this study particularly aims at finding the beam parameters necessary for a simulation even with limited experimental methods. Importantly, it provides a straightforward relationship between the bending stiffness, the extensional stiffness and the axial stretch of the actuator. If the actuator to be modeled has an elementary design, axial measurements are sufficient to identify the parameters to perform three-dimensional simulations, which is of interest to adopters with limited testing equipment. The experimentally parameterized model of such an actuator of elementary design shows high accuracy. Both without load and with a weight of 1N applied to the tip, the mean error of the tip position in vertical orientation is less than 3.4% for a constant extensional stiffness and less than 2.7% for a pressure-dependent extensional stiffness. Further reduction of the error could be achieved by more refined identification techniques that decompose the complex interrelationship of pressurization, forces and material stiffness.
Preface to the topical issue on applied and nonlinear dynamics: Part I Jörg Fehr, Kristin de Payrebrune, Robert Seifried Gamm Mitteilungen, 2023 The current special issue of the GAMM Mitteilungen, which is the first of a two-part series, contains several contributions on the topic of applied and nonlinear dynamics. Dynamical problems occur in a wide range of engineering systems, such as all kinds of vehicles, wind power plants, turbines, engines, machine tools or in robotics, ranging from industrial robotics to service and medical robots. Dynamical questions are also essential in the modeling of biomechanical systems, for example in the description of the (human) musculoskeletal system or in the development of human dummies for crash tests. Nowadays a wide range of analytical, numerical, data-based and experimental tools and methods exists to foster the investigation of all kinds of dynamical systems. Hereby also the issue of model reduction plays an increasingly important role. Modern dynamical systems are often active systems, thus methods from system dynamics and control theory have to be included. This important connection between these communities is also reflected in the GAMM activity group (Fachausschuss) “Dynamics and Control Theory.” Many researchers contributing to this topical issue on applied and nonlinear dynamics are members of this GAMM activity group. We are very happy that several teams of authors have accepted our invitation to report on recent developments, research highlights and emerging application areas in applied and nonlinear dynamics. The four papers in this first part of the topical issue on applied and nonlinear dynamics are devoted to the above mentioned topics. The first paper [1] presents a minimal model for investigation of the influence of equilibrium positions on brake squeal. Paper [2] deals with an interpolation-based parametric model order reduction of automotive brake systems for frequency-domain analyses. In the contribution [3] nonlinear vibration phenomena in hydrodynamically supported rotor systems are discussed. Finally the last paper [4] presents the application of stable inversion methods to flexible manipulators modeled by the absolute nodal coordinate formulation for feedforward control design.
Sporosarcina pasteurii can be used to print a layer of calcium carbonate Niklas Erdmann, Felix Kästner, Kristin de Payrebrune, Dorina Strieth Engineering in Life Sciences, 2022 When using microbiologically induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP) to produce calcium carbonate crystals in the cavities between mineral particles to consolidate them, the inhomogeneous distribution of the precipitated calcium carbonate poses a problem for the production of construction materials with consistent parameters. Various approaches have been investigated in the literature to increase the homogeneity of consolidated samples. One approach can be the targeted application of ureolytic organisms by 3D printing. However, to date, this possibility has been little explored in the literature. In this study, the potential to use MICP to print calcium carbonate layers on mineral particles will be investigated. For this purpose, a dispensing unit was modified to apply both a suspension ofSporosarcina pasteuriiand a calcination solution containing urea and calcium chloride onto quartz sand. The study showed that after passing through the nozzle,S. pasteuriipreserved consistent cell vitality and therefore its potential of MICP. Applying cell suspension and calcination solution through a printing nozzle resulted in a layer of calcium carbonate crystals on quartz sand. This observation demonstrated the proof of concept of printing calcium carbonate by MICP through the nozzle of a dispensing unit. Furthermore, it was shown that cell suspensions ofS. pasteuriican be stored at 4°C for a period of 17 days while maintaining its optical density, urease activity and cell vitality and therefore the potential for MICP. This initial concept could be extended in further research to printing three‐dimensional (3D) objects to solve the problem of homogeneity in consolidated mineral particles.
