Effect of Wii Fit Rehabilitation on Balance, Functional Ability, and Risk of Falling in Patients With Chronic Ankle Instability: A Randomized Controlled Trial Nabil Mahmoud Abdel-Aal, Maher Ahmed El-kablawy, Mohamed Abdel-Haleem Kadah, Aya Abd El Hady Abbas, Maged A. Basha, FatmaAlzahraa H. Kamel American Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 2026 Objective To evaluate the efficacy of incorporating Wii Fit–based rehabilitation (WFR) into a conventional physical therapy (CPT) program on balance, functional ability, and fall risk in individuals with chronic ankle instability (CAI). Design Single-blinded randomized controlled trial. Methods Sixty participants with CAI (aged 18–60 years) were randomly assigned to either an experimental group (WFR plus CPT) or a control group (CPT only). Both groups received supervised therapy three times per week over 8 weeks. Outcome measures included the anteroposterior (APSI), mediolateral (MLSI), and overall stability indices (OSI) assessed via the Biodex Balance System; functional ability via the Foot and Ankle Ability Measure–Activities of Daily Living (FAAM-ADL); and fall risk via the Falls Efficacy Scale–International (FES-I), measured pre- and post-intervention. Results The WFR combined with CPT group demonstrated significantly greater improvements across all outcome measures compared to the CPT-only group (P < 0.001). At 8 weeks, FAAM-ADL and FES-I scores were 94.7 ± 3.22 and 17.77 ± 2.76 in the intervention group versus 83.43 ± 2.45 and 26.3 ± 3.51 in controls, respectively. Conclusions Combined WFR and CPT program significantly enhances postural stability, functional performance, and reduces fall risk in patients with CAI. WFR may serve as a valuable adjunct in rehabilitation protocols targeting balance deficits in this population.
Muscle Strength, Functional Capacity, and Quality of Life Responses to Pilates Exercises in Children with Burn Injuries: A Single-Blinded Randomized Clinical Trial Alshimaa R. Azab, Nourah Basalem, Mshari Alghadier, Humaira Khanam, Julie George, et al. Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences, 2025 Background: Burns are a common childhood injury that can affect physical health for a long time, which has an impact on quality of life. This study aimed to determine whether adding Pilates exercise to a traditional physical therapy program improves lower extremity muscle strength, functional capacity, and quality of life in burned children. Methods: This single-blinded randomized clinical trial was conducted at Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University in Saudi Arabia from 2022 to 2023. A simple randomization method was followed in this study. The control group (n=30) received a traditional physical therapy program, while the Pilates group (n=30) received a Pilates training in addition to the traditional physical therapy program. All participants attended the intervention 3 days a week, for 12 weeks. Measurements were made at baseline and after 3 months of the intervention. The outcome measurements included muscle strength, functional capacity, and quality of life. The data were analyzed using SPSS software, using univariate analysis of variance with Bonferroni correction. Results: After intervention, there were statistically significant differences between groups, in favour of the Pilates group, in muscle strength, functional capacity (P<0.001), with mean difference and 95% CI was 16.73 (6.95, 26.52), quality of life physical subscale (P=0.03) with mean difference and 95% CI was 6.83 (0.71, 12.96), and quality of life total scores (P=0.02) with mean difference and 95% CI was 7.17 (1.34, 13.0). However, no statistically significant difference between groups on the quality-of-life psychological subscale (P=0.48). Conclusion: NCT06237361.
Would Integrating Inspiratory Muscle Training Into Pulmonary Rehabilitation of Adults With Burn Injuries Have Any Advantageous Effects? A Randomized, Double-Blind, Sham-Controlled Study Nabil Mahmoud Abdel-Aal, Maged A. Basha, Saleh M. Aloraini, Alshimaa R. Azab, FatmaAlzahraa H. Kamel Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine, 2025 Objective: To determine the effectiveness of adding inspiratory muscle training (IMT) alongside a pulmonary rehabilitation protocol in terms of inspiratory muscle strength, lung function, and exercise capacity in burned adults.Methods: A randomized, double-blinded, sham-controlled study. Fifty-two adult patients with burn injuries, more than 20 years old and at least 20% total body surface area, were assigned randomly either to the experimental or the conventional group. The participants in the experimental group were given IMT plus a pulmonary rehabilitation program; the conventional group received only a pulmonary rehabilitation program. The interventions were performed for 8 weeks. At the beginning and after 8 weeks of training, the respiratory muscles’ strength, lung function and exercise capacity were all examined.Results: After 2 months of training, the experimental group demonstrated statistically significant improvements than conventional group in maximum inspiratory pressure, maximum expiratory pressure, 6-minute walk test, forced vital capacity, and forced expiratory volume in 1 second (p<0.05).Conclusion: An 8-week IMT program coupled with pulmonary rehabilitation increases respiratory muscle strength, pulmonary functions, and functional capacity in burn patients. IMT is a beneficial and efficient therapy that can be easily implemented for burn patients.
WOULD INTEGRATING MONOCHROMATIC INFRARED ENERGY INTO THE PHYSICAL REHABILITATION OF ADOLESCENTS WITH PATELLOFEMORAL PAIN SYNDROME HAVE ANY ADVANTAGEOUS EFFECTS? A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL Saud M. Alrawaili, Alshimaa R. Azab, Ragab K. Elnaggar, Norah A. Alhwoaimel, Nourah Basalem, Aram A. ALaseem, FatmaAlzahraa H. Kamel, Maged A. Basha, Saleh M Aloraini, Walaa E. Morsy Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine, 2025 Objective: This study aimed to assess and compare changes in pain, balance, functional status, and health-related quality of life between adolescents with patellofemoral pain syndrome undergoing 12 weeks of monochromatic infrared energy application as an adjuvant to physical rehabilitation and those receiving physical rehabilitation alone. Design: Randomized controlled trial. Patients: Adolescents aged 15–18. Methods: 46 adolescents were randomly assigned to receive either a standard physical therapy programme or monochromatic infrared energy plus the standard programme. Pain intensity, dynamic postural control, functional status, and health-related quality of life were evaluated pre- and post-intervention. Results: The study group showed a greater reduction in pain intensity (p < 0.001; η2 = 0.36), improvement in dynamic postural control, towards the anterior (p = 0.002; η2 = 0.20), posteromedial (p = 0.009; η2 = 0.14), posterolateral (p = 0.018; η2 = 0.12) directions, and composite postural control (p = 0.001; η2 = 0.24), and enhancement of functional status (p = 0.013; η2 = 0.13) from the pre- to post-treatment occasion than the control group. Moreover, the study group reported better quality of life: physical health (p = 0.035; η2 = 0.10), psychosocial health (p = 0.005; η2 = 0.17), and overall (p = 0.001; η2 = 0.21). Conclusion: Monochromatic infrared energy is likely beneficial in adolescents with patellofemoral pain syndrome.
Respiratory and functional benefits of manual diaphragmatic release for cleaning-laborers exposed to occupational hazards Alshimaa R. Azab, Ragab K. Elnaggar, Dalia G Hamouda, Ghfren S. Aloraini, Alaa S. Alhegaili, Ahmed S. Ahmed, Maged A. Basha, Ashwag S. Alsharidah, FatmaAlzahraa H. Kamel, Ahmed A. Elshehawy Physiotherapy Research International, 2024 Background and Purpose:To examine the respiratory and functional benefits of manual diaphragmatic release for Cleaning‐Laborers Exposed to Occupational Hazards.MethodsA randomized controlled trial of 36 participants aged 35–45 years was randomly allocated into two groups. The experimental group (n = 18); received manual diaphragm release along with respiratory training exercises, and the control group (n = 18); received respiratory training exercises only. Three times/week for 12 consecutive weeks. The serum immunoglobulin E level, pulmonary functions [forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), FEV1/FVC, and peak expiratory flow (PEF) rate (PEF)], chest wall mobility, and 6 min walk‐test performance were assessed pre‐ and post‐intervention.ResultsThere was a greater decline in serum immunoglobulin levels (p = 0.003; Partial η2 = 0.23) and enhancement in pulmonary functions [FEV1 (p = 0.025, Partial η2 = 0.14), FVC (p = 0.017, Partial η2 = 0.16), FEV1/FVC (p = 0.028, Partial η2 = 0.13), and PEF (p = 0.012, Partial η2 = 0.17) in the experimental group. Further, there was a greater increase in chest mobility at the xiphoid level (p = 0.002, Partial η2 = 0.25) in the experimental group, but this was not the case at the axillary level (p = 0.29, Partial η2 = 0.03). Still, the 6 min walk‐test performance improved more significantly in the experimental group (p = 0.002, Partial η2 = 0.24).ConclusionThe diaphragmatic release technique may offer a promising approach for mitigating distressing respiratory symptoms, enhancing immune function, and improving 6 min walk‐test performance among cleaning laborers with work‐related respiratory hazards.Trial registrationThe study was retrospectively registered at XXX (ID: NCT05802355).
From injury to rehabilitation: How kinesiology taping helps patients with first metatarsophalangeal joint sprain (turf toe) in pain reduction, gait parameters and functional ability improvement. A randomized clinical trial Alshimaa R. Azab, Ragab K. Elnaggar, Sobhy M. Aly, Nourah Basalem, Aiyshah M. Alamri, Ayman K. Saleh, Mohamed N. Ibrahim, Maged A. Basha, Walid Kamal Abdelbasset Heliyon, 2024 Objective: Turf toe is a common sports injury that may affect mobility and functional ability. For complete recovery, rehabilitation modalities are required to overcome these issues. This study investigated whether kinesio taping (KT) would reduce pain, improve gait performance, and enhance the functional capacity of turf toe patients undergoing physical therapy. Methods: sixty patients with grade II turf toe (age; 25-30 years) assigned randomly into three treatment groups; KT applied alongside an exercise program conducted three times/week for 12 successive weeks. (KT group; n = 20), placebo taping plus exercise (Placebo group; n = 20), or exercise only (Control group; n = 20). Pain, gait parameters, and functional ability assessed using VAS, 3D gait analysis, and 6MWT respectively pre- and post-treatment. Results: There was a significant post-treatment decrease in VAS score in the KT group lower than the control or placebo group and a significant increase in 6MWT distance in the KT group higher than the control or placebo group (p < 0.001). Additionally, there was a significant post-treatment increase in step length, stride length, cadence and velocity of KT group higher than control and placebo group (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in gait parameters between control and placebo groups post treatment (p > 0.05). Conclusions: The findings of the study demonstrated that KT is a useful complementary modality to exercise in patients with turf toe, as it may result in more favorable improvements to pain, gait characteristics, and functional abilities. Further studies should be conducted to assess the long-term effects, different KT application methods, and tailored treatment protocols on turf toe.
Adolescents with hemophilic knee arthropathy can improve their gait characteristics, functional ability, and physical activity level through kinect-based virtual reality: A randomized clinical trial Alshimaa R. Azab, Ragab K. Elnaggar, Ghfren S. Aloraini, Osama R. Aldhafian, Naif N. Alshahrani, FatmaAlzahraa H. Kamel, Maged A. Basha, Walaa E. Morsy Heliyon, 2024 Background: Hemophilic arthropathy is caused by recurrent intra-articular bleeding, most commonly in the knee joints. In terms of physical impact, this arthropathy causes significant disability and hampers the physical activity and functionality of he affected individuals. Objective: This study intended to examine the effect of a physical rehabilitation program incorporating Kinect-based virtual reality (KBVR) on gait characteristics, functional ability, and physical activity level in adolescents diagnosed with hemophilic knee arthropathy (HKA). Materials and methods: In a randomized clinical trial, 56 boys, aged 10-14 years, with moderate HKA, were randomly allocated into two groups. The control group (n = 28) received conventional physical therapy (CPT), while the KBVR group (n = 52) received a 30-min KBVR exercise program in addition to the CPT. Training was conducted three times/week for 12 successive weeks. Gait characteristics (step length, cadence, velocity, peak knee extension moment during stance, and knee flexion amplitude during swing) were assessed using a gait analysis system, the functional ability was assessed through the 6-min walk test, and physical activity level assessed by the Adolescents' Physical Activity Questionnaire on the pre- and post-treatment occasions. Results: The KBVR group achieved more favorable changes in the gait characteristics [step length (P = 0.015), cadence (P = 0.004), velocity (P = 0.024), peak knee extension moment during stance (P = 0.018), and Knee flexion amplitude during swing (P = 0.032)], functional capacity (P = 0.002), and physical activity levels (P = 0.007) compared to the control group. Conclusion: The use of KBVR exercises within a rehabilitation program is a potentially effective therapeutic option for the total care of adolescents with HKA.