Plasmon-boosted S-scheme g-C3N4–Co3O4–Ag 2D nanostructure for highly efficient visible-light antibacterial photocatalysis Sanaa Mohammed Abdu Kaid, Khaled Alkanad, Nael Abutaha, Fahd A. Al-Mekhlafi, Abishad Padikkamannil, Mohammed A. Bajiri, Maged Alkanad, Mohamed Masri, Yusuf Olatunji Waidi, Prashantha Kalappa, Upendra N., Lokanath N. K. Nanoscale Advances, 2026 A plasmon-enhanced S-scheme g-C 3 N 4 –Co 3 O 4 –Ag 2D nanostructure enables efficient visible-light-driven generation of reactive oxygen species for inactivation of multidrug-resistant bacteria, offering a safe photocatalytic antibacterial strategy.
A comprehensive review on anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, anticancer and antifungal properties of several bivalent transition metal complexes Anas AlAli, Maged Alkanad, Khaled Alkanad, Annegowda Venkatappa, Nischith Sirawase, Ismail Warad, Shaukath Ara Khanum Bioorganic Chemistry, 2025 Transition metal complexes have been recognized as possible therapeutic agents, attributed to their special biological actions, including anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal, and anticancer. The pharmacological perspective connected with Copper (Cu), Cobalt (Co), Nickel (Ni), Manganese (Mn), Palladium (Pd), Zinc (Zn), and Platinum (Pt) metal(II) complexes is comprehensively explored in-depth in this research. The complexes show unique coordination chemistry and modes of action that help interactions with biological targets, including DNA binding, enzyme inhibition, and the formation of reactive oxygen species. All the metal(II) complexes showed notable potential impact in their perspective activity. Conspicuously, Co(II) and Ni(II) complexes show better antibacterial and antifungal action, while Cu(II) and Zn(II) combinations show higher anti-inflammatory activity. While research is constantly investigating alternative metal-based anticancer drugs like Pd(II), which seem to have lowered side effects, Pt(II) complexes especially cisplatin continue to be the benchmark in cancer treatment. Although the possible pharmacological actions are motivating, problems with toxicity and biocompatibility still provide major difficulties, especially in relation to Cd(II) and Hg(II) complexes. Strategies like ligand modification, nanoparticle-based delivery, and prodrug methods are used to increase selectivity and reduce side effects related to metal complexes. This review compiles the most recent developments and continuous research, thereby shedding light on the potential revolutionary power of metal(II) complexes in medical therapy. Understanding their mechanisms and enhancing their safety profiles will help us open the path to creative ideas for addressing some of the most urgent medical issues of today.
Optimization of Polyphenol Extraction from Two Ziziphus Species via Central Composite Design-Response Surface Methodology: In Vitro Screening for Antioxidant, Antidiabetic, and Anti-Glycation Potentials Maged Alkanad, Nischit S. Shankar, Ghada Alhamdani, Annegowda H. Venkatappa Tropical Journal of Natural Product Research, 2025 Polyphenols are widely available in medicinal plants and show promising pharmacological activity for many chronic diseases like diabetes mellitus. This study is aimed at optimizing the polyphenols from Ziziphus mauritiana and Ziziphus spina-christi using central composite design–response surface methodology (CCD–RSM) and evaluating their antioxidant, antidiabetic, and anti-glycation potentials. The key extraction parameters used for the optimal yield and biological evaluation were ethanol concentration, extraction time, solid-to-liquid ratio, and temperature. Total phenolic content (TPC) was maximized at intermediate ethanol concentrations (50–70% v/v), moderate extraction times (20–40 min), solid-to-liquid ratios of 20–25 g/mL, and temperatures between 40.0 and 60.0°C, and TPC obtained with optimal conditions was 120.59 mg GAE/g DW for Z. mauritiana and 104.77 mg GAE/g DW for Z. spina-christi. For the optimized extracts, Z. mauritiana showed significantly higher DPPH and ABTS (131.73 ± 7.23 mg and 271.62 ± 6.23 mg VCEAC/g DE) activities than Z. spina-christi (DPPH: 111.29 ± 4.34 mg; ABTS: 236.71 ± 8.23 mg VCEAC/g DE), while Z. spina-christi exhibited greater FRAP activity compared to Z. mauritiana (149.17 ± 6.23 mg and 123.53 ± 5.23 mg VCEAC/g DE, respectively). Z. spina-christi also had higher flavonoid and tannin content. In vitro assays revealed moderate α-amylase inhibition (IC₅₀ 112.30–176.20 µg/mL) and prominent anti-glycation effects (IC₅₀ 118–146 µg/mL), suggesting potential for managing oxidative stress and diabetes-related complications. This study underscores the phytotherapeutic potential of Ziziphus species and highlights CCD–RSM as an effective tool for optimizing bioactive compound extraction.
BEYOND THE HORIZON: RECENT ADVANCES IN HOT MELT EXTRUSION TECHNIQUES AND TECHNOLOGIES MAGED MOHAMMED ABDO MOHSEN, AMIT B. PATIL, MAGED ALKANAD, DARSHAN PATIL International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics, 2024 This review article aims to explore the dynamic landscape of Hot Melt Extrusion (HME) technology, focusing on the spectrum of materials and machinery shaping innovation in the field. Polyethylene Oxide (PEO), Polyvinylpyrrolidones (PVP), Polypropylene (PP), Polyvinyl Acetate (PVA), and Polycaprolactone (PCL) play pivotal roles in HME and contribute to advancements in pharmaceutical manufacturing. This review sheds light on their unique contributions to HME tapestry. This review meticulously explored the machinery that orchestrates HME, including single- and double-screw extruders, as well as Extrusion Spheronization (ES). The search criteria were based on a comprehensive analysis of previous studies since the discovery of the HME, including new patented discoveries. We utilized various scholarly resources such as Google Scholar, Google Books, PubMed, Elsevier, Nature, Springer, ScienceDirect, and other indexed search engines. Case studies highlighted the real-world impact of HME in Continuous Manufacturing (CM) scenarios, emphasizing its importance in pharmaceutical production. The review also discusses the specifics of extrusion and co-extrusion, explaining how compound droplets are formed and collected, which is very important for making capsules-extrusion has emerged as a protagonist in the pharmaceutical industry, with 3D printing driving innovation beyond conventional boundaries. The amalgamation of HME and 3D printing offers new possibilities for drug delivery. This review sheds light on the diverse polymers involved in hot melt and emphasizes their importance in pharmaceutical manufacturing. This study provides valuable insights into the applications, methodologies, and future advancements of HME.
Bitter yet beneficial: The dual role of dietary alkaloids in managing diabetes and enhancing cognitive function Maged Alkanad, Umme Hani, Annegowda H V, Mohammed Ghazwani, Nazima Haider, Riyaz Ali M. Osmani, Pandareesh M D, Hamsalakshmi, Rajeev Bhat Biofactors, 2024 With the rising prevalence of diabetes and its association with cognitive impairment, interest in the use of dietary alkaloids and other natural products has grown significantly. Understanding how these compounds manage diabetic cognitive dysfunction (DCD) is crucial. This comprehensive review explores the etiology of DCD and the effects of alkaloids in foods and dietary supplements that have been investigated as DCD therapies. Data on how dietary alkaloids like berberine, trigonelline, caffeine, capsaicin, 1‐deoxynojirimycin, nuciferine, neferine, aegeline, tetramethylpyrazine, piperine, and others regulate cognition in diabetic disorders were collected from PubMed, Research Gate, Web of Science, Science Direct, and other relevant databases. Dietary alkaloids could improve memory in behavioral models and modulate the mechanisms underlying the cognitive benefits of these compounds, including their effects on glucose metabolism, gut microbiota, vasculopathy, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress. Evidence suggests that dietary alkaloids hold promise for improving cognition in diabetic patients and could open exciting avenues for future research in diabetes management.
